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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 36
Tytuł:
Experimental immobilization of Zn, Pb and Cd by additives to highly contaminated soils
Autorzy:
Hałabuza, Justyna
Rzepa, Grzegorz
Manecki, Maciej
Białek, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202389.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mineralogiczne
Tematy:
trace elements
soil amendments
soil extraction
industrial pollution
Miasteczko Śląskie
Opis:
The immobilization effect of soil amendments on leaching and bioavailability of Pb, Zn and Cd in highly contaminated soils under industrial impact was studied by collecting the soils in the surroundings of Zn-Pb Smelter “Miasteczko Śląskie” in southern Poland as an example. Various amounts of four additives (phosphate fertilizer, limestone powder, bentonite rock and bog iron ore) were tested in laboratory experiments to compare the effectiveness of three dominant mechanisms of immobilization: precipitation of phosphates, pH increase, and sorption. The contents of metals before immobilization were determined by extraction in CaCl2, EDTA and aqua regia. Cadmium and zinc are mainly represented by soluble, bioavailable forms extractable in CaCl2, while lead by potentially bioavailable speciations extractable by EDTA. Most effective in the immobilization of these metals were the amendments increasing soil pH: limestone powder and phosphate fertilizer. Bog iron ore and bentonite were less effective because the soil pH was too low for efficient cation adsorption.
Źródło:
Mineralogia; 2022, 53, 1; 67--81
1899-8291
1899-8526
Pojawia się w:
Mineralogia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remediation of soils contaminated with trichloroethylene
Autorzy:
Albergaria, J. T.
Alvim-Ferraz, M. C. M.
Delerue-Matos, C. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/363146.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
szybkość przepływu powietrza
desorpcja próżniowa
zanieczyszczenie
gleba
zawartość wody
trichloroetylen
airflow rate
soil vapor extraction
soil water content
trichloroethylene
Opis:
Soil contamination is a common problem in our society. Several activities introduce contaminants in soils affecting their quality and future utilization. In order to invert this situation and to avoid further spreading of the contaminant several remediation technologies could be used. For soils contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE), Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) can be an efficient remediation technology. It involves the application of vacuum to the soil matrix creating an airflow that conduce the volatized contaminant to extraction wells that lead them to the exterior of the soil where they are properly treated. This work presents the results obtained in the soil vapor experiments performed in a laboratory using soils with different water contents contaminated with TCE. These experiments aimed the study of the influence of soil water content and the airflow used in the remediation time and on the process efficiency. The results showed that in sandy soils contaminated with TCE: a) for similar levels of contamination, the increase of the soil water content from 0 to 4% created an increase of the concentration of TCE in the gas phase of the soil, in some cases by almost 50%; b) the influence of water content is not significant being overlapped by influence of the airflow rate; c) SVE performed with higher airflow rates had shorter remediation times (in some cases four times shorter) without any significant impact on the process efficiencies (fluctuations of 1 to 3%); and d) for the experimented soils, the utilization of higher airflow rates led to shorter and consequently cheaper remediation.
Źródło:
Environmental Biotechnology; 2010, 6, 2; 37-41
1734-4964
Pojawia się w:
Environmental Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of commonly used extraction methods for ergosterol in soil samples
Autorzy:
Sae-Tun, O.
Maftukhah, R.
Noller, C.
Remlinger, V.I.
Meyer-Laker, V.
Sorensen, A.C.T.
Sustic, D.
Socianu, S.I.
Bernardini, L.G.
Mentler, A.
Keiblinger, K.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
soil
alkaline extraction
ergosterol extraction
glass bead beating
ultrasonication extraction
Opis:
Concerning the contribution of fungi to soil carbon sequestration, various methods have been used to extract ergosterol from soil samples. This study aims to explore the extraction ability and applicability of commonly used methods to extract ergosterol from two contrasting soils. An agricultural soil (chernozem) and a forest soil (podzol) were extracted with different types of cell lysis such as alkaline, glass bead, and ultrasonication methods in association with simple shaking. The ergosterol concentration was measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. Regardless of the method applied, ergosterol yield was higher in podzol than in chernozem. Alkaline extraction resulted in the highest ergosterol concentrations for both soils and miniaturized glass bead extraction produced comparable results in the case of chernozem. In terms of applicability, the non-alkaline methods were simpler to conduct and less demanding of labour, chemical use and glassware and more flexible in terms of the equipment used for mechanical disruption. Despite the limit of the two soil types in the present study, only the simple shaking method was revealed to be dependent on soil type. Based on our results, we recommend the miniaturized glass bead method for agricultural soils, low in organic matter for high throughput. However, not all of the methods described allow for the proper separation of coextracted organic substances from organic-rich soil.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 4; 425-432
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
137Cs content in mushrooms from localities in eastern Slovakia
Autorzy:
Cipáková, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147289.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radiocaesium
mushrooms
soil contamination
sequential extraction
Opis:
The amount of radiocaesium in chosen species of mushrooms from localities in eastern Slovakia was studied. From the obtained results it was found that Macrolepiota procera and Armillariella mellea are defined by low ability to accumulate caesium. Higher values of 137Cs were measured in Russula aeruginea and Xerocomus subtomentosus and achieved 869.6 and 322.9 Bg kg 1 dry weight, respectively. Soaking and washing can be used to decrease radioactivity in mushrooms. Using water and solution of table salt in studied species of mushrooms decreased the amount of radiocaesium by 33 88%.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2004, 49,suppl.1; 25-29
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Migration of radiocaesium in individual parts of the environment
Autorzy:
Čipáková, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
137Cs
soil contamination
sequential extraction
mushrooms
Opis:
The aim of this study was to compare the amount of radiocaesium in chosen compartments of environment in two localities of Košice vicinity (Košice and Jasov). Prevailing part of radiocaesium is in the upper layer of soils and specific activity of 137Cs in the first layer for locality Jasov in 2001 achieved 21.49 Bq.kg 1. Transfer factor values estimated for mixed grasses and for individual years varied within the range of 0.22 to 0.56 at locality Košice and of 0.09 to 0.19 at locality Jasov. On the base of results from modified Tessier sequential extraction method we determined that more than 50% of this radionuclide is in the soil in not extractable fraction. From studied species of mushrooms in sample of Rozites caperata the specific activity achieved 1822.0 Bq.kg 1 d.w.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.1; 19-23
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Sequential Extraction Procedures for As Partitioning in Contaminated Soils
Porównanie metod ekstrakcji sekwencyjnej do określenia form chemicznych arsenu w zanieczyszczonych glebach
Autorzy:
Gusiatin, Z. M.
Marzec, M. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
arsenic
soil
sequential extraction procedure
arsen
gleba
ekstrakcja sekwencyjna
Opis:
The aim of present study was to review and characterize selected procedures for determination of As chemical forms in soil. The methodology, wherein conditions and the way of extraction for five procedures of sequential analysis (Tessier et al, Chao and Sanzolone, BCR, Wenzel et al, Matera et al) in industrial soils with different contamination degree of As were presented. Application of individual sequential extraction procedures (SEPs) enables to analyze between 4 and 7 chemical forms of arsenic. The methods differ in the type and volume of used reagents, duration of extraction and total cost. From economical point of view the most suitable seems to be 5-step procedure by Chao and Sanzolone. Determination of detailed arsenic distribution in soil provides procedure by Matera et al.
Celem pracy był przegląd oraz szczegółowa charakterystyka wybranych metod oznaczania form chemicznych arsenu w glebie. Zaprezentowano warunki oraz sposób ekstrakcji pięciu stosowanych procedur analizy sekwencyjnej arsenu w glebach z terenów przemysłowych, w których stopień zanieczyszczenia arsenem jest zróżnicowany. Należą do nich metoda Tessiera i in., Chao i Sanzolone, BCR, Wenzla i in. oraz Matery i in. Zastosowanie poszczególnych metod umożliwia analizę od 4 do 7 form chemicznych arsenu. Różnią się one rodzajem i objętością zużywanych odczynników chemicznych, czasem trwania ekstrakcji oraz całkowitym kosztem. Z ekonomicznego punktu widzenia najbardziej odpowiednią wydaje się być 5-stopniowa procedura według Chao i Sanzolone. Określenie szczegółowej dystrybucji arsenu zapewnia natomiast metoda według Matery i in.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2013, 20, 3; 351-361
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Critical Level of Extractable Phosphorus for Maize (Zea mays L.) at Metekel Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia
Autorzy:
Redi, Musefa
Gebremedhin, Wubayehu
Merkeb, Fitsum
Yimam, Mohamed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1191209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Critical level
fertilizer
phosphorous
maize
soil test
extraction methods
Opis:
Fertilizer recommendation based on choosing an effective soil nutrient extractants and calibrating soil tests against yield responses to applied nutrient has been little used in Ethiopia. An experiment was conducted during 2009, 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons in 35 different farmer fields from five Districts of Metekel zone. Six levels of phosphorus (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg ha-1) arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates were used to determine the critical level of phosphorus (P) for maize and to compare Bray II, Olsen and Mehlich III P extraction methods. Grain yield of maize responded positively and significantly to P fertilizer application of the study area. Compared with the control, grain yield increased 19.8 to 35.3% by applications of P fertilizers. Extractable P concentration extracted after three weeks of planting by using three extraction methods were significantly differed among P fertilizer rates. Using the Cate and Nelson graphical method, the critical levels of soil extractable P were 12, 8 and 10 mg P kg-1 soil for Bray II, Olsen and Mehilich III extraction methods, respectively. Results shows that at values less than these critical levels of extractable P, P fertilizers should be applied to increase maize yield. The Bray II P was more correlated (r = 0.38) with relative maize grain yield than and Olsen and Mehlich III extraction methods. In addition, the quantities of P extracted by the three extractants were in the following order: Bray II > Mehlich III > Olsen P extraction method. The result indicated that Bray II was found to be the most suitable as soil testing method for estimating extractable P in the study area.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 54; 14-26
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sampling, metadata and DNA extraction - important steps in metagenomic studies
Autorzy:
Felczykowska, Agnieszka
Krajewska, Anna
Zielińska, Sylwia
Łoś, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
sampling
DNA extraction
DNA purification
soil
water
wastewater
metadata
Opis:
Metagenomic studies have become increasingly popular. They allow for the estimation of biodiversity in complex populations. This diversity presents an enormous but largely unexpected genetic and biological pool and can be exploited for the recovery of novel genes, entire metabolic pathways and their products. Generally metagenomic study is a genomic analysis of organisms by direct extraction and cloning of DNA from their natural environment. The most common problems of modern metagenomics are as follows: majority of the microorganisms present in the environment cannot be cultivated by standard techniques, DNA extraction methods are not very effective, isolated DNA is contaminated with various compounds, a choice for a screening method is not obvious.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2015, 62, 1; 151-160
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plant uptake of radiocesium from contaminated soil
Autorzy:
Pipíška, M.
Lesný, J.
Hornik, M.
Augustín, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radiocesium
soil contamination
plant uptake
sequential extraction
case study
Opis:
Phytoextraction field experiments were conducted on soil contaminated with radiocesium to determine the capacity of autochthonous grasses and weeds to accumulate 137Cs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of spontaneously growing vegetation as a tool for decontamination of non-agricultural contaminated land. As a test field, the closed monitored area of the radioactive wastewater treatment plant of the Nuclear Power Plant in Jaslovské Bohunice, Slovakia was used. Contamination was irregularly distributed from the level of background to spots with maximal activity up to 900 Bq/g soil. Sequential extraction analysis of soil samples showed the following extractability of radiocesium (as percent of the total): water < 0.01%; 1 M MgCl2 = 0.3-1.1%; 1 M CH3COONa = 0.3-0.9%; 0.04 M NH4Cl (in 25% CH3COOH) = 0.9-1.4%; and 30% H2O2 - 0.02 M HNO3 = 4.5-9.0%. Specific radioactivity of the most efficiently bioaccumulating plant species did not exceed 4.0 kBq kg 1 (dry weight biomass). These correspond to the soil-to-plant transfer factor (TF) values up to 44.4 × 10 4 (Bq kg 1 crop, d.w.)/(Bq kg 1 soil, d.w.). Aggregated transfer factor (Tag) of the average sample of the whole crop harvested from defined area was 0.5 × 10 5 (Bq kg 1 d.w. crop)/(Bq m 2 soil). It can be concluded that low mobility of radiocesium in analysed soil type, confirmed by sequential extraction analyses, is the main hindrance for practical application of autochthonous plants as a phytoremediation tool for aged contaminated area of non-cultivated sites. Plant cover can efficiently serve only as a soil surface-stabilising layer, mitigating the migration of radiocesium into the surrounding environment.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2004, 49,suppl.1; 9-11
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of porous tubes for measuring water extraction by roots and simultaneous maintaining of soil water potential in growth chamber experiments
Użycie porowatych rurek do pomiarów poboru wody i jednoczesnego utrzymywania potencjału wody glebowej w doświadczeniach fitotronowych
Autorzy:
Nosalewicz, A.
Iijima, M.
Lipiec, J.
Krol, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36477.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
porous tube
soil water potential
root
water extraction
laboratory experiment
soil condition
plant growth
Opis:
The efficiency of a system based on porous tubes in maintaining soil water potential during water extraction by plants in growth chamber experiment was evaluated. The effect of porous tubes area, soil type and density on water flow through porous tubes as induced by various water potentials was evaluated. The rate of change of soil water potential in response to pressure change depends strongly on the area of ceramic tubes per soil volume. If rapid changes or precise control of soil water potential are needed, the area of ceramic tubes per soil volume should be large. Experiments in which porous tubes are used for maintaining water potential should reach a compromise between plant water demands and permissible disturbance caused by the presence of porous tubes in the soil environment.
W badaniach określono efektywność systemu opartego na porowatych rurkach do utrzymania stałego potencjału wody w trakcie poboru wody przez roślin w doświadczeniach fitotronowych. Analizie poddano wpływ powierzchni rurek i gęstości gleby na przepływ wody przez rurki wywołany różnicą potencjałów wody. Szybkość zmian potencjału wody w glebie w reakcji na różnicę ciśnień jest mocno uzależniony od powierzchni rurek, przez którą odbywa się przepływ wody do objętości gleby. Zaleca się użycie rurek o powierzchni możliwie dużej w doświadczeniach, w których wymagane jest precyzyjne utrzymanie lub planowane są szybkie zmiany potencjału wody glebowej. Doświadczenia fitotronowe z użyciem systemu opartego na porowatych rurkach wiążą się z kompromisem pomiędzy zapotrzebowaniem na wodę roślin i dopuszczalnym zaburzeniem struktury gleby wywołanym obecnością rurek porowatych w ośrodku glebowym.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2011, 18, 2[193]
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 36

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