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Tytuł:
The Indian trade between the Gulf and the Red Sea
Autorzy:
Gawlikowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1682984.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Indian trade
Gulf
Red Sea
Palmyra
Opis:
This essay evaluates the relative importance of the maritime trade between the Roman Empire and India along two routes that were in use: one started and ended on the Egyptian shore of the Red Sea, the other at the head of the Gulf. Both continued on land along caravan tracks to the Nile valley or through the Syrian desert to Palmyra. The latter land route, longer and presumably more cost-consuming, was used only during the 1st to 3rd centuries AD. The land link with the Far East, the so-called Silk Road, does not seem to have been regularly used. A document from Palmyra allows to estimate the value of the trade along the Syrian route as much smaller than that of the Red Sea traffic. It could have been mainly of local, Syrian importance, and lasted only as long as political circumstances allowed.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(2); 15-30
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The harbor of early Roman “Imperial” Berenike: overview of excavations from 2009 to 2015
Autorzy:
Zych, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1682938.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Berenike
Red Sea
harbor
Hellenistic
Roman
landscape archaeology
Opis:
Excavations by the American–Polish project in Berenike on the Red Sea, co-directed from 2008 by Steven E. Sidebotham (University of Delaware) and Iwona Zych (PCMA University of Warsaw), have aimed at uncovering and reconstructing the ancient landscape of the southwestern embayment, tentatively identified as the harbor of the Hellenistic and early Roman city, and its immediate vicinity. A review of the evidence from the excavation of several trenches in this area paints a picture of the bay—still incomplete—and contributes to a reconstruction of the cultural and economic landscape, the "lived experience" of the town's inhabitants and incoming merchants and sailors during the heyday of "Imperial" Berenike, that is, in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(2); 93-132
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationships between water temperature, nutrients and dissolved oxygen in the Northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea
Autorzy:
Manasrah, R.
Raheed, M.
Badran, M.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49092.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
stratification
nutrient
Aqaba Gulf
temperature
sea water
Red Sea
oxygen
Opis:
Five years (1998, 2000–2003) of summer records of temperature, nutrients and dissolved oxygen concentrations in the upper 400 m of the water column of the northern Gulf of Aqaba were employed to produce a simple statistical model of the relationship between temperature versus nitrate, phosphate, silicate andd issolved oxygen concentrations. Temperature profiles in the upper 400 m during summer revealeda clear thermocline in the upper 200 m. This was reflected in nutrient ando xygen concentrations as nitrate, phosphate, and silicate increasedfr om the surface to deep water while dissolved oxygen decreased. The best fit relationship between temperature versus nitrate andphosphate was inverse linear and the best fit correlation between temperature versus silicate andd issolvedo xygen was fractional. The observedn utrient concentrations were shaped by a combination of the hydrodynamics and biological factors. Deep winter mixing and high nutrient concentrations dominate during winter. Shortly after the water stratifies in spring, the nutrients are drawn down by phytoplankton during the spring bloom and remain low throughout the rest of the year. The regression equations presented here will be useful in estimating nutrient concentrations from temperature records as long as the annual natural cycle is the main driver of nutrient concentrations and external inputs are insignificant. Deviations from these relationships in the future could provide insight into modifications in the nutrient concentrations probably resulting from new nutrient sources, such as anthropogenic inputs.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Beads and pendants from the Hellenistic to early Byzantine Red Sea port of Berenike, Egypt. Season 2014 and 2015
Autorzy:
Then-Obłuska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1682877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-05-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Berenike
Red Sea port
Red Sea trade
Indian Ocean trade
Ptolemaic
early Roman
late antiquity
Roman
Bes amulet
face beads
Opis:
Almost 650 beads and pendants, most of them of glass and faience, were excavated over two seasons in 2014 and 2015 at Berenike on the Red Sea coast of Egypt. This material, coming from 19 trenches variously located within the Hellenistic to early Byzantine site, has contributed some new data, enhancing the Berenike bead typology. Highlights included a Bes pendant of glass from a Hellenistic context and early Roman mosaic glass beads with face patterns. Other materials of which the ornaments were made included marine mollusk shells, ostrich eggshell, and a variety of stone and minerals. Of greatest interest were beads coming from early Roman graves, of an older man (the order of the threaded beads could be traced) and of animals (neck collars). Beads threaded on fragments of string, most probably of Indo-Pacific make, came from the early Roman rubbish dump.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2018, 27(1); 203-234
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The port of Aynuna in pre-Islamic period: nautical and topographical considerations on the location of Leuke Kome
Autorzy:
Juchniewicz, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1682979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Leuke Kome
Red Sea
Nabateans
maritime trade
caravans
Aynuna
Opis:
The trade facility in Wadi Aynuna, as well as the adjacent settlement and tentative location of an ancient port are believed to be the ancient Leuke Kome, a Nabatean port which connected Petra with the Red Sea trade network. In this brief paper the author reviews some data that bring light to bear on the issue of the nautical challenges posed by sailing conditions in the Red Sea, their potential influence on the maritime trade, and the importance of Aynuna as a port in northern Arabia which, taken together, support with greater strength the identification of this location with the Leuke Kome from the ancient written sources
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(2); 31-42
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shaping a city and its defenses; fortifications of Hellenistic Berenike Trogodytika
Autorzy:
Woźniak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683098.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Hellenistic/Ptolemaic fortifications
Berenike
harbor
Red Sea
water installations
Opis:
Key information on the location, size and dating of the Ptolemaic fortifications of Berenike Trogodytika comes from archaeological excavations carried out in 2013–2015, following the 2012 season when the presence of military architecture in the Red Sea harbor was first discovered and identified (Woźniak and Rądkowska 2014). Sections of a thick wall constructed of gypsum anhydrite blocks on a wide foundation were recorded in the northern part of the site (trenches BE-13/90 and BE13-93). The wall was part of the defenses protecting the harbor from the north, the only land access to the site through marshy ground on the fringes of the so-called “northern lagoon”. Further work in trenches BE14-97 in 2014 and BE15-104 in 2015 uncovered the remains of a well preserved early Hellenistic fortified city gate, built of gypsum anhydrite blocks and chunks of coral. The complex has no parallel at present anywhere in the Red Sea region. A series of shallow basins interconnected by pipes made of truncated necks of early Hellenistic amphorae, found to the east of the gate, served probably to collect rainwater. The water function? of the gate was confirmed further by a large basin or cistern, about 1 m deep, abutting the complex on the southwest. A subterranean network of four rock-cut chambers(?) was discovered at the bottom of the internal gate chamber. A corridor in the east wall of the gate shaft, with a covered channel in the floor, led off to the northeast, in the direction of a rectangular anomaly observed on the magnetic map, which could be another rock-cut shaft.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(2); 43-60
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geochemical signatures of pervasive meteoric diagenesis of Early Miocene syn-rift carbonate platform, Red Sea, NW Saudi Arabia
Autorzy:
Al-Ramadan, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
meteoric diagenesis
carbonate
stable isotopes
trace elements
Red Sea
Miocene
Opis:
Different diagenetic environments have been recognized in the Early Miocene carbonate platform of Musayr Formation in the Red Sea rift area. Early marine diagenesis includes micritisation that occurs as thin envelope around skeletal and non-skeletal grains in low-energy mud dominated facies and isopachous fibrous calcite in high-energy grain-dominated facies. Pervasive meteoric water diagenesis resulted in cementation of the carbonates by coarse-crystalline blocky-drusy calcite and meniscus cements. Depletion of oxygen (avg. –9.08‰), carbon (avg. –1.6‰) isotopes and trace elements concentrations (avg. values of Fe: 1387 ppm; Mn: 1444 ppm; Sr: 419 ppm; Na: 1194 ppm) in conjunction with negative correlation between Mn2+ and oxygen isotope data suggest variable degrees of fluid-rock interactions and pervasive meteoric diagenesis. The formation of meteoric diagenesis in the Musayr Formation can be explained by two subsequent mechanisms: (1) the presence of meteoric lenses during the time of deposition might have been associated with active freshwater input from the hinterland (NE) due to fall in the relative sea level; (2) later uplift episode during Plio-Pleistocene may have also contributed to the pervasive meteoric diagenetic alterations of the carbonates of the Musayr Formation. The first mechanism is supported by the cement stratigraphy where the blocky-drusy cements postdate the meniscus cement. The latter mechanism seems to have more pronounced effect on the alteration of Musayr carbonate sequence by observing the occurence of late cements such as blocky calcite in most of the samples. The impact of meteoric diagenesis on the studied samples suggest that dissolution is less severe than cementation, hence the visible porosity is very low. Understanding the timing of meteoric diagenesis provides useful information about the reservoir quality distribution in syn-rift carbonate sequences.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2017, 61, 1; 239--250
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Circulation and winter deep-water formation in the Northern Red Sea
Autorzy:
Manasrah, R.
Badran, M.
Lass, H.U.
Fennel, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Aqaba Gulf
eddy
deep-water formation
winter
circulation
Red Sea
Opis:
Water mass characteristics and circulation patterns in the Gulf of Aqaba and northern Red Sea were studied for the first time during the r/v ‘Meteor’ cruise leg 44/2 from February 21st to March 7th 1999 using temperature-salinity profiles and current observations. The deep water in the northern Red Sea had similar characteristics to the well-mixed upper 450 m of water in the Gulf of Aqaba. This indicates that the winter mixed waters of the Gulf of Aqaba contribute significantly to deep-water in the northern Red Sea. Mixing in the Gulf of Aqaba is an annually repeated event that starts with the cooling of the surface water during November–December and reaches a maximum, which in most years extends down the entire water column in March–April. Waters deeper than the mixed layer in the Gulf seems to be rather passive and play no specific role in water mass formation in the northern Red Sea. In contrast to the Gulf of Aqaba, the upper 200 m of the northern Red Sea were stratified (21.5–23.5◦C, and 40.0–40.3 PSU). Stratification at the Strait of Tiran was weak (21.6–22.0◦C, and 40.3–40.5 PSU) and disappeared abruptly in the Gulf of Aqaba (21.4–21.6◦C, and 40.6–40.7 PSU). A well-developed cyclonic gyre with a diameter of about 50–60 km and maximum velocity of about 0.4 m s−1 was observed in the stratified upper 200 m of the northern Red Sea waters. The gyre may contribute to the preconditioning for intermediate water formation in the northern Red Sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2004, 46, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biological threats in diving locations
Zagrożenia biologiczne w rejonach nurkowań
Autorzy:
Lewicka, M.
Zawadzka, M.
Siermontowski, P.
Giermaziak, W.
Henrykowska, Gabriela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32728918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny i Techniki Hiperbarycznej
Tematy:
diving
Red Sea
biological threats
nurkowanie
Morze Czerwone
zagrożenia biologiczne
Opis:
Diving locations can pose various risks to divers. Health problems can be caused by, among other things, pathogenic microorganisms as well as flora and fauna endemic to the region. This paper discusses the consequences of exposure to biological pathogens endemic to the Red Sea region and possible preventive measures that can be taken before and during a diving expedition.
Akweny nurkowe mogą stwarzać różnego typu zagrożenia dla osób nurkujących. Problemy zdrowotne mogą być spowodowane m. in. drobnoustrojami chorobotwórczymi oraz florą i fauną występującymi endemicznie w danym regionie. W pracy omówiono konsekwencje narażenia na biologiczne czynniki chorobotwórcze, endemicznie występujące w rejonie Morza Czerwonego oraz możliwości działań profilaktycznych przed i podczas wyprawy nurkowej.
Źródło:
Polish Hyperbaric Research; 2022, 1(78); 87-100
1734-7009
2084-0535
Pojawia się w:
Polish Hyperbaric Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microfouling development on artificial substrates deployed in the central Red Sea
Autorzy:
Balgadi, A.A.
Salama, A.J.
Satheesh, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47499.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
microfouling
biofilm
nutrient cycling
diatom
sea water
winter
summer season
Red Sea
Saudi Arabia
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
First report on Noctiluca scintillans blooms in the Red Sea off the coasts of Saudi Arabia: consequences of eutrophication
Autorzy:
Mohamed, Z.A.
Mesaad, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
microalga
dinoflagellate
bloom
coast
eutrophication
Saudi Arabia
Red Sea
Noctiluca scintillans
Opis:
Blooms of Noctiluca scintillans are reported for the first time in the Red Sea off the south-western coasts of Saudi Arabia. During the present study, surface water samples were collected weekly on the coasts of the Al Shuqayq region from February to April 2004–2006. The abundance of N. scintillans correlated negatively with most nutrients, as well as the cell densities of diatoms and dinoflagellate species. Microscopic examination of live cells from Noctiluca blooms showed the presence of some species of diatoms and dinoflagellates within the Noctiluca body – confirmation of its grazing on these microalgae. The presence of a Noctiluca bloom in the coastal waters off south-western Saudi Arabia could be linked indirectly to water eutrophication by an increase in prey abundance. The physico-chemical properties of Red Sea coastal waters should therefore be monitored regularly in order to minimize the formation of harmful algal blooms, which may affect all food web levels, including the human level.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution of the sea squirt Ecteinascidia thurstoni Herdman, 1890 (Ascidiacea: Perophoridae) along Suez Canal and Egyptian Red Sea coasts
Autorzy:
Gab-Alla, A.A.-F.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
sea squirt
sea coast
Perophoridae
Suez Canal
seasonal rhythm
Red Sea
Ascidiacea
distribution
Ecteinascidia thurstoni
Opis:
Ecteinascidia thurstoni is a colonial sea squirt. It has a seasonal rhythm and a tropical and subtropical distribution; it is usually present during the summer months. It synthesizes a group of molecules called ecteinascidins. One of these is ET-743, a compound that has a most original anti-tumoral activity and is today considered to be one of the most promising substances effective against various solid-type tumors (currently sold under the trade name of Yondelis for the treatment of sarcomas and related tumors; it is undergoing phase II/III clinical trails for other kinds of tumors). Worldwide, Ecteinascidia species represent the only available source of this bioactive compound, which was first discovered in E. turbinata. During the present study, the ecology of E. thurstoni along the Suez Canal and Red Sea was investigated. Its populations were observed to be highly gregarious due in part to their low larval dispersal, which is very localized; larvae therefore tend to settle close to their parent colonies. It is only recorded in shallow waters (0.5–1.5 m) as an epiphyte on the pneumatophores of mangroves by the Red Sea, on the pilings of jetties, and the metal or cement banks of the Suez Canal. The morphometric characteristics (zooid length, zooid weight, colony weight) of the Suez Canal population differ significantly from those of the Red Sea. Studying the distribution of this species and locating its different populations along the Suez Canal and Red Sea could help to characterize their genetics, chemistry and bacterial communities at different isolated locations. Ultimately, this will help to define the sources of ET-743 and hence promote its biosynthesis on a commercial scale.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 2; 239-253
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geochemical fractionation of heavy metals in sediments of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
Autorzy:
Al-Mur, B.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
geochemistry
heavy metal
surface sediment
speciation
bioavailability
sediment
Red Sea
Saudi Arabia
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heavy metals contamination and distribution of benthic foraminifera from the Red Sea coastal area, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Autorzy:
Youssef, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48421.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
benthic foraminifera
heavy metal
contamination
distribution
Red Sea
coastal area
Saudi Arabia
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2015, 57, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 47

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