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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    The influence of air conditioning changes on the effective dose due to radon and its short-lived decay products
    Autorzy:
    Grządziel, A.
    Kozak, K.
    Mazur, J.
    Połednik, B.
    Dudzińska, M. R.
    Bilska, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147303.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon
    radon progeny
    attached fraction of radon progeny
    unattached fraction of radon progeny
    dose conversion factor
    Opis:
    Most people spend the majority of their time in indoor environments where the level of harmful pollutants is often significantly higher than outdoors. Radon (222Rn) and its decay products are the example of radioactive pollutants. These radioisotopes are the main source of ionizing radiation in non-industrial buildings. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of air-conditioning system on radon and its progeny concentrations and thus on the effective dose. The measurements were carried out in the auditorium at the Environmental Engineering Faculty (Lublin University of Technology, Poland). Measurements of radon and its progeny (in attached and unattached fractions) as well as measurements of the following indoor air parameters were performed in two air-conditioning (AC) operation modes: AC ON and AC ON/OFF. The air supply rate and air recirculation were taken into consideration. The separation of radon progeny into attached and unattached fractions allowed for determining, respectively, the dose conversion factor (DCF) and the inhalation dose for teachers and students in the auditorium. A considerable increase of the mean radon progeny concentrations from 1.2 Bq/m3 to 5.0 Bq/m3 was observed in the AC ON/OFF mode compared to the AC ON mode. This also resulted in the increase of the inhalation dose from 0.005 mSv/y to 0.016 mSv/y (for 200 h/year). Furthermore, the change of the air recirculation rate from 0% to 80% resulted in a decrease of the mean radon concentration from 30 Bq/m3 to 12 Bq/m3 and the reduction of the mean radon progeny concentration from 1.4 Bq/m3 to 0.8 Bq/m3. This resulted in the reduction of the inhalation dose from 0.006 mSv/y to 0.003 mSv/y.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 239-244
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The presence and dosimetry of radon and thoron in a historical, underground metalliferous mine
    Autorzy:
    Kleinschmidt, R.
    Watson, D.
    Janik, M.
    Gillmore, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92202.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Główny Instytut Górnictwa
    Tematy:
    radon
    thoron
    progeny
    mines
    dose
    NORM
    toron
    potomstwo
    kopalnie
    dawka
    Opis:
    A combination of long term passive, and short term active radon-222, radon-220 and respective progeny measurements were conducted in both traverse and longitudinal axes of a historical metalliferous underground mine in North Queensland, Australia. While the passive monitor results provided average radon and thoron air concentrations over periods of 70-90 days, active measurements over a four day period provided significantly more detail into the dynamics of radon and progeny concentrations in the naturally ventilated mine environment. Passive monitor concentrations for radon and thoron ranged between 60 and 390 Bq m-3 (mean: 140 ±55 Bq m-3) and 140 and 2600 Bq m-3 (mean: 1070 ±510 Bq m-3) respectively, with passive thoron progeny monitors providing a mean concentration of 9 ±5 Bq m-3EEC. Active measurement mean concentrations for radon, thoron, radon progeny and thoron progeny in the centre of the mine drive were 130 ±90 Bq m-3, 300 ±100 Bq m-3, 20 ±20 Bq m-3EEC and 10 ±10 Bq m-3EEC respectively. It was identified that thoron passive detector placement is critical in establishing reliable monitoring data, and is the reason for the discrepancy between the active and passive thoron results in this study. Site specific progeny measurements are required for the accurate estimation of dose to persons entering the mine. Based on short term active measurements and passive thoron progeny monitor results, the dose contribution from thoron and progeny in the mine was observed to contribute up to 80% of the total radon/thoron inhalation dose, and therefore should not be underestimated in monitoring programs under similar conditions.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Mining; 2018, 17, 3; 120-130
    2300-1364
    2300-3960
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Mining
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of aerosol concentration and multivariate processing on the indication of radon progeny concentration in air
    Autorzy:
    Machaj, B.
    Urbański, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147261.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon progeny
    measurement
    data processing
    Opis:
    Measurements of radon progeny concentration in air by a radon progeny monitor are sensitive to the concentration of particles suspended in air. Minimum detectable concentration and accuracy of the measurement are determined by random errors of the monitor. Multivariate data processing can be used to decrease these random errors. Influence of aerosol concentration on the measured results of radon progeny concentration in air, by an RGR-30 mining radiometer, operating on the principle of alpha radiation detection from radon progeny deposited on an air filter, were determined in a radon chamber experiment. The air suspended particle concentration and the radon concentration in the radon chamber were controlled and the corresponding radon progeny concentration was measured by the radon progeny monitor. Additionally, count rate from the monitor detector, originating from the alpha activity deposited on the air filter, was measured at intervals of one minute and was then used for the three-interval, and Principal Component Regression (PCR) data processing. It was found that for the aerosol concentration in air from 40 p/cm3 to approximately 9,000 p/cm3 indications of the radon progeny monitor depends considerably on the aerosol concentration. Radon daughter concentration normalized to the radon concentration against aerosol concentration varied from 0.3 to 0.9. In mines, where the aerosol concentration generally is high, this phenomenon has little effect on the indication of the radon progeny monitor. At low aerosols concentration, appropriate correction of radon progeny concentration has to be taken. Comparison of random errors when measured signal of the monitor (count rate against time) was processed employing the three-interval method and PCR data processing shows that PCR ensures a lower random error.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2004, 49, 3; 123-129
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studies of the radon progeny particle size distributions in the domestic environment. Epidemiological and dosimetric dose estimates
    Autorzy:
    Mamont-Cieśla, K.
    Stawarz, O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146844.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon progeny particle size distribution (RPPSD)
    weighted dose conversion factors
    dosimetric/epidemiological effective dose estimate
    conversion convention
    unattached fraction
    radon dose evaluation program (RADEP)
    Opis:
    Measurements of the short-lived radon progeny particle size distributions were performed under realistic natural conditions in 54 dwellings in 6 regions of Poland by means of the Radon Progeny Particle Size Spectrometer (RPPSS). The RPPSS comprises a one open face stage, a 4-stage diffusion battery and a 3-stage multi-hole inertial impactor. It was manufactured at the ARPaNSA (Melbourne, Australia), under supervision of Dr S. B. Solomon and supplied with his software. While using the continuous mode, the programme provides analysis of the potential alpha energy concentration on each stage, particle size distributions and weighted dose conversion factors based on the ICRP human respiratory tract model (HRTM) as implemented in the computer code RADEP (radon dose evaluation program). The unattached fraction indoors ranges from ca. 0 to 53% with an arithmetic mean and median of 17%. The equilibrium factor F was observed in the range from 7 to 64% with an arithmetic mean of 32% and median of 29%. The annual effective doses from radon progeny for the general population were estimated according to two models: epidemiological and dosimetric. The mean values of the ratios of the dosimetric to epidemiological dose estimates for the general population (breathing rate 0.78 m3/h) and workers (breathing rate 1.2 m3/h) are 1.0 and 1.4, respectively. The epidemiological dose estimates for the general population are smaller in comparison with the dosimetric estimates for the unattached fraction fp greater than 17%. It was shown that the dependence of the ratio of the doses estimated on the basis of two models on the unattached fraction fp is well described by a linear equation.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 3; 411-420
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exposures from radon, thoron, and thoron progeny in high background radiation area in Takandeang, Mamuju, Indonesia
    Autorzy:
    Saputra, Miki Arian
    Nugraha, Eka Djatnika
    Purwanti, Tri
    Arifianto, Rokhmat
    Laksmana, Roza Indra
    Hutabarat, Richard P.
    Hosoda, Masahiro
    Tokonami, Shinji
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146926.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    CR-39
    high background radiation area
    RADUET
    radon
    thoron
    thoron progeny
    Opis:
    The exposure from radon, thoron, and thoron progeny was measured for 45 dwellings in high background radiation area in Takandeang, Indonesia with ambient dose equivalent rate ranging from 0.34 µSv•h-1 to 1.90 µSv•h-1 . The measurement was taken using passive radon and thoron discriminative detector and thoron progeny detector. This measurement was taken from November 2018 to October 2019, and within one month the detector would be replaced with a new detector. The concentrations of radon, thoron, and thoron progeny were calculated as 42–490 Bqm−3 , 20–618 Bqm−3 , and 4–40 Bqm−3 , respectively. The concentrations for outdoor were 49–435 Bqm−3 , 23–457 Bqm−3 , and 4–37 Bqm−3 , respectively, and the annual effective dose was 9.8–28.6 mSv•y-1 . Based on the result of Spearman’s correlations analysis between the indoor radon and thoron concentrations and between the indoor thoron progeny and thoron concentrations, we suggest that exposure to thoron cannot be predicted from exposure to radon, and the equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration has a large uncertainty when it is estimated from thoron concentration assuming a single thoron equilibrium factor.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 89-94
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Deconvolution of alpha spectra from air filters applied for measurements of the short-lived radon progeny concentration
    Autorzy:
    Skubacz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148906.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    alpha spectroscopy
    ambient pressure
    spectrum analysis
    non-linear regression
    radon progeny
    thoron progeny
    Opis:
    The paper contains a description of a method for the analysis of the complex alpha spectra generated during the measurement of the activity of filters outside of a vacuum chamber under environmental conditions. The peaks corresponding to the energies of alpha particles emitted by the specific isotopes are particularly large on the low-energy side of the peak maximum, and the energy resolution strongly depended on the applied filters. The analysis was based on the non-linear regression to a function designed for four, six and eight parameters. Satisfactory results were obtained for each of these functions, and the best-fitting results were achieved for the eight-parameter function. In addition, the uncertainties related to the estimated parameters, as well as the signals corresponding to functions that describe the shape of the energy peak, have been evaluated. There are also examples of the implementation of the method with respect to short-lived radon progeny and thoron decay products.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 3; 229-234
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transmission of ultrafine particles through separating systems of dust samplers
    Autorzy:
    Skubacz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92165.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Główny Instytut Górnictwa
    Tematy:
    underground mine
    short-lived radon progeny
    ultrafine particles
    cyclone
    deposition of particles
    górnictwo podziemne
    krótkożyciowe produkty rozpadu radonu
    cząstki ultradrobne
    cyklon
    depozycja cząstek
    Opis:
    In underground mines there is a radiation hazard associated with natural radioactive nuclides. The main sources of radiation exposure in Polish mines are short-lived radon decay products, radioactive mine water containing radium and the sediments precipitated from these waters. For miners, the most common hazard is usually the short-lived radon decay products. Aspirators, equipped with separation systems, are mostly used in order to control this hazard. Inside these aspirators there are meters which measure the radiation emitted by radioactive aerosols collected on the filter. The purpose of these systems is to remove particles from the air stream that do not form the respirable fraction. At the same time, however, a deposition of small-size aerosols takes place in them because of the high values of their corresponding diffusion coefficients. This excludes the possibility of their proper detection by radiation meters. In this paper, the transmission of particles up to 100 nm in size by the separating systems is evaluated. The evaluated transmission ranged from about 60% for sizes of 7 nm, reaching up to 95% at the boundary values of the tested range. The influence of the particle distribution of the aerosols on the radiation calibration coefficients was also investigated in a radon chamber, through their exposure to conditions where the air contained low aerosol concentrations of about 4.0×108 particles/m3 and also when it was nearly 100-times higher. In the first case, the measured sensitivity of the meters was about 20-30% lower, which was probably due to a higher number of small aerosols and, as a result, particle transmission decreased. However, at higher aerosol concentrations, the sensitivity of the meters remained practically the same, regardless of whether the air reached the filters by the separation systems or if they were omitted.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Mining; 2018, 17, 2; 48-55
    2300-1364
    2300-3960
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Mining
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Size distribution of ambient and radioactive aerosols formed by the shortlived radon progeny
    Autorzy:
    Skubacz, Krystian
    Wołoszczuk, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91952.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Główny Instytut Górnictwa
    Tematy:
    radon
    radon progeny
    ambient aerosol
    radioactive aerosol
    size distribution
    pochodne radonu
    aerozol atmosferyczny
    aerozol radioaktywny
    rozkład wielkości
    Opis:
    The survey of ambient airborne particle size distribution is important when the deposition of radioactive particles is considered in the human lung and the assessment of radiation hazard in occupational exposures or contaminated environments. CLOR (the Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection) in cooperation with CMI (the Central Mining Institute) performed simultaneous measurements of the activity size distribution of radon progeny and ambient aerosols using different types of aerosols. Measurements were performed in a radon chamber with a volume of 17m3, where radon was generated by a radium-226 open source, and ambient aerosols by an oil candle, vax candle, and incense sticks. Such measurements were also made in an aerosol depleted atmosphere after cleaning the chamber air by means of a high-efficiency pump and filters. The size distribution of radioactive aerosols containing radon progeny was measured by RPPSS (Radon Progeny Particle Size Spectrometer) with the measuring size ranging from 0.6 nm to approximately 2500 nm. The key parts of this device are the impaction plates and diffusion screen batteries, which collect aerosols of different sizes, and semiconductor alpha detectors which detect the activity of the collected particles. The SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer) and APS (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer) were applied to evaluate the size distribution of all aerosols with sizes from approximately 3 nm to 20 μm. Based on the results obtained by these spectrometers, the activity size distributions and related dose conversion factors (DCF) were evaluated both for the exposed workers and the general population.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Mining; 2019, 18, 2; 61-66
    2300-1364
    2300-3960
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Mining
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Indoor and outdoor 222Rn and 220Rn and their progeny levels surrounding Bayan Obo mine, China
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Nanping
    Hu, Miao
    Zeng, Weihua
    Yu, Cong
    Jia, Binlin
    Yang, Zhijie
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146589.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon
    thoron
    thoron progeny
    equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration
    Rn equilibrium factor
    Bayan Obo
    Opis:
    More than half of the total natural ionizing radiation dose received by the human population is caused by radon and thoron (Rn and Tn) and their progeny. To estimate the level of radiation due to radon and thoron and their progeny, an investigation was conducted in a residential area near the world’s largest open-pit mine of Bayan Obo in Inner Mongolia, China. The concentration of Rn, Tn, and their decay products in air and soil were studied by using AlphaGUARD, RAD7, and ERS-RDM-2S for a discrete period of time in three different locations. The average indoor concentration of radon and thoron was 62.6 ± 44.6 Bq/m3 and 108.3 ± 94.5 Bq/m3 respectively, and the outdoor concentration was 12.9 ± 6.3 Bq/m3 and 55.8 ± 18.5 Bq/m3 , respectively. Relatively high concentrations were recorded in the area near to the mine, with a significant increasing trend observed in indoor thoron concentration. A prominent hotspot in thoron concentration was found in a single-story house with values 747 ± 150 Bq/m3 . The equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration (EECTn) varies from 0.48 Bq/m3 to 2.36 Bq/m3 with an arithmetic mean of 1.37 ± 0.64 Bq/m3 , and comparatively higher than EECRn. Concluding that the mining activity at Bayan Obo mine is significantly increasing the level of indoor thoron and its progeny in surroundings. It is suggested to further systematically investigate the indoor Rn and Tn progeny concentrations in the residential dwellings of the Bayan Obo mining area, and 232Th content of the building materials, to provide a basis for calculating the radiation dose.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 145-148
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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