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Tytuł:
A New Model for the Regulation of Distribution System Operators with Quality Elements that Includes the SAIDI/SAIFI/CRP/CPD Indices
Autorzy:
Putynkowski, G.
Woźny, K.
Balawender, P.
Kozyra, J.
Łukasik, Z.
Kusmińska-Fijałkowska, A.
Ciesielka, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/262616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Tematy:
quality regulation
electric energy distribution
continuity of electric energy supply indices
reliability indices
quality of electric energy supply
Energy Regulatory Office
Opis:
This document is a description of quality regulation for Distribution System Operators included in the new regulations model for 2016-2020 and informed by the SAIDI, SAIFI, CRP and CPD indices. The changes have an impact on the amount of return from regulated income of enterprises that distribute electric energy. In the new system, failure to fulfil the conditions and indices results in a decrease of return on capital for the DSOs
Źródło:
Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation. Journal; 2016, 19, 1; 1-7
1896-4672
Pojawia się w:
Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation. Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of diatoms to assess the quality of the waters of the Baryczka stream, left-side tributary of the River San
Autorzy:
Noga, T.
Stanek-Tarkowska, J.
Kochman, N
Peszek, Ł.
Pajączek, A
Woźniak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)
diatoms indices IPS
GDI
TDI
water quality
diversity
ecology
Baryczka stream
Opis:
The Baryczka stream is a small (about 20 km long), left bank tributary of the River San (Podkarpackie Voivodeship). Studies on diversity of diatom communities using OMNIDIA software were conducted in 2010 and 2011. Diatomaceous indices IPS, GDI and TDI and Van Dam et al. classification system were used for water quality assessment. Planothidium lanceolatum, Cocconeis placentula var. lineata, Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, Nitzschia linearis, Rhoicosphenia abbreviata, Navicula lanceolata and Naicula gregaria were the most numerous. Values of the IPS index indicate good water quality (II–III class). Based on the GDI index, waters of the Baryczka stream were classified to III class water quality. The TDI index indicated poor and bad ecological state on the most sampling sites. On all sampling sites alaliphilous (pH>7) diatoms taxa predominated. The most common were eutraphentic and hypereutraphentic diatoms. With respect to trophy, it was shown that α- and β-mesosaprobous diatoms were the most common (III and II class water quality).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2013, 14, 3; 8-23
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bioecological and statistical risk assessment of toxic metals in sediments of a worldwide important wetland : Gala Lake National Park (Turkey)
Autorzy:
Tokatli, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Gala Lake
sediment quality
statistical evaluation
bioecological indices
GIS
Opis:
Gala Lake National Park that has an international importance is one of the most important wetland ecosystems for Turkey. As same as many aquatic habitats, Gala Lake is under a significant anthropogenic pressure originated from agricultural activities conducted around the lake and from industrial discharges by means of Ergene River. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sediment quality of Gala Lake and Irrigation Canal by investigating some toxic element accumulations (As, B, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu) from a statistical perspective. Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) and Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to detected data in order to determine the associated contaminants and effective factors on the system. Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and Biological Risk Index based sediment quality guidelines (mERM-Q) applied to detected data in order to assess the ecological and biological risks of heavy metals in the ecosystem. Also Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used to make visual explanations by presenting distribution maps of investigated elements. According to the results of PCI, significant positive correlations were recorded among the investigated toxic elements at 0.01 significance level. According to the results of FA, two factors, which were named as “Agricultural Factor” and “Industrial Factor”, explained 86.6% of the total variance. According to the results of Potential Ecological Risk Index, cadmium was found to be the highest risk factor and according to results of Biological Risk Index, nickel and chromium were found to be the highest risk factors for Gala Lake and Irrigation Canal. As a result of the present study, it was also determined that heavy metal contents in sediments of Gala Lake National Park reached to critical levels and the system is intensively under effect of agricultural and industrial originated pollution.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2017, 43, 1; 34-47
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of selected physicochemical indices of upland carbonate stream water with coarse-grained substrate
Autorzy:
Policht-Latawiec, A.
Kanownik, W
Grubka, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Sztoła river
water quality
physicochemical indices
Opis:
Hydrochemical research was conducted in 2011 at three measurement-control points on the Sztoła river, a left-bank tributary to the Biała Przemsza river. Water temperature and pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, oxygen saturation and electrolytic conductivity were measured directly in the field. 11 selected physicochemical indices of the Sztoła surface water were assessed in the laboratory. The analysis of the research results revealed that the water of the Sztoła along the analyzed river reach was first class quality. The analysis of water usable qualities proved that at point 1 it can be used for water supply after high-performance physical and chemical treatment, whereas at other points after a typical physical and chemical treatment, due to high manganese concentrations. Water does not meet the requirements of natural habitat for the Salmonoid fish only at point 1 because of exceeded standard values for nitrites. The Cyprinid fish have the proper habitat conditions along the examined river reach. Among 15 analysed physiochemical indices of water, 7 were statistically higher in the lower course, but they did not affect worsening of the Sztoła river water quality. Greater water pollution in the central and lower river reach is caused by the anthropogenic pressure connected mainly with the operations of extraction industry in the catchment.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2014, 15, 4; 23-28
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ecotoxicological biotests as tools for continuous monitoring of water quality in dam reservoir
Biotesty ekotoksykologiczne jako narzędzie do ciągłego monitoringu jakości wody w zbiornikach zaporowych
Autorzy:
Łaszczyca, Piotr
Nakonieczny, Mirosław
Kostecki, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
water quality
early warning system
biotests
dam reservoir
correlations
hydrochemical indices
jakość wody
systemy wczesnego ostrzegania
biotest
zbiornik zaporowy
korelacje
wskaźniki hydrochemiczne
Opis:
Ecotoxicological biotests were applied in order to evaluate their suitability as early warning systems in the continuous monitoring of lowland shallow dam reservoirs located in Central Europe. The following biotests were used: Daphtoxkit F™magna, Algaltoxkit F™, Ostracodtoxkit F, Phytotoxkit and MARA Test. The experiment was conducted from July 2010 to December 2012 in Goczalkowice Reservoir (the Vistula River, Poland), serving as a model. For the analysis, 41 out of 52 measured water indices were used to assess its toxicity to living organisms. The results of biotests were correlated with 41 hydrochemical indices of water quality. The pattern of relationships among the result of biotest and hydrochemical indices as well as Factor Analysis (FA) and Primary Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that: i) signs of ecotoxicity detected with biotests were associated with either low flow periods or spring surface runoff of water; ii) single events of increased ecotoxicity in the depression areas behind saddle dam pump stations appeared after high flow periods; iii) elevated toxicity was accompanied by high concentrations of dissolved and suspended substances; iv) FA and PCA demonstrated correlations among the results of biotests and damming parameters, water conductivity, alkali and transitory metal metals (Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn), and several forms of nitrogen phosphorous and carbon compounds concentration. The relationships suggest that batteries of biotests may serve as a cost-eff ective tool for continuous monitoring of water quality in dam reservoirs and can detect effects of extreme hydrologic events, local toxic discharges, and signs of the trophic status of the reservoirs.
Celem pracy była analiza zastosowania biotestów ekotoksykologicznych do oceny ich przydatności jako systemów wczesnego ostrzegania w ciągłym monitoringu nizinnych, płytkich zbiorników zaporowych zlokalizowanych w Europie Środkowej. Zastosowano następujące biotesty: Daphtoxkit F™magna, Algaltoxkit F™, Ostracodtoxkit F, Phytotoxkit i MARA Test. Badania prowadzono od lipca 2010 do grudnia 2012 roku na Zbiorniku Goczałkowickim (Wisła, Polska), który pełnił funkcję modelu badawczego. Do analizy wykorzystano 41 z 52 zmierzonych wskaźników wody celem oceny jej toksyczności na organizmy żywe. Wyniki biotestów skorelowano z 41 hydrochemicznymi wskaźnikami jakości wody. Schemat zależności między wynikiem biotestów i wartościami wskaźników hydrochemicznych oraz wyniki analizy czynnikowej (FA) i analizy składowych pierwszorzędowych (PCA) wykazały, że: iii) oznaki ekotoksyczności wykryte za pomocą biotestów były związane albo z okresami niskiego przepływu, albo z wiosennym spływem wód powierzchniowych; iii) po okresach wzmożonych przepływów wystąpiły pojedyncze przypadki zwiększonej ekotoksyczności w obszarze obniżenia tamy bocznej za przepompowniami zapory; iii) podwyższonej toksyczności towarzyszyły wysokie stężenia substancji rozpuszczonych i zawieszonych; iv) FA i PCA wykazały korelacje między wynikami biotestów i parametrami piętrzenia, przewodnością wody, metalami alkalicznymi i przejściowymi (Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn) oraz kilkoma grupami związków azotu, fosforu i węgla. Uzyskane wyniki analizy sugerują, że baterie biotestów mogą służyć, jako efektywne, nisko kosztowe narzędzie do ciągłego monitorowania jakości wody w zbiornikach zaporowych i mogą wykrywać negatywne skutki ekstremalnych zdarzeń hydrologicznych, lokalnych zrzutów zanieczyszczeń oraz zmian stanu troficznego zbiorników. Wyniki sugerują, że biotesty mogą pomóc w ciągłym monitorowaniu poziomu troficznego zbiorników zaporowych
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2023, 49, 1; 25--38
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of BioPlus YC probiotic on the fatty acid profile and lipid indices in pork
Autorzy:
Goluch, Z.
Werenska, M.
Woloszyn, J.
Rybarczyk, A.
Okruszek, A.
Teleszko, M.
Haraf, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
pig
meat
probiotic
fatty acid
lipid quality indices
Opis:
The objective of this study was to assess how probiotic bacteria added to diets of 60 hybrid barrows (Landrace–Yorkshire x Duroc) affected the basic chemical composition of meat, the fatty acid profile of intramuscular fat (IMF), m. longissimus lumborum (LL) and lipid quality indices, because IMF cannot be removed before consumption and this inevitably has an impact on human health. After 78 days, the pigs were divided into the control group (CT, n=30) and the experimental group (BP, n=30), which until 97 days of rearing were supplied with BioPlus YC probiotic (Bacillus licheniformis DSM 5749 and Bacillus subtilis DSM 5750). After slaughter, 12 carcasses of similar weight (90 ± 5 kg) from each group were selected for testing. Supplementation with probiotic Bacillus did not affect the basic chemical composition of meat. It was established that BioPlus YC had a significant impact on capric – C10:0 (0.08 vs. 0.13), eicosatrienoic – C20:3 n-3 (1.76 vs. 2.14) and ΣPUFA n- 3 acids (1.88 vs. 2.41), causing a reduction in their percentage, which was thereby different than in the CT group. Among lipid quality indices, IMF LL of pigs from the BP group, the thrombogenicity index (TI) was characterized by a significantly (P≤0.01) higher value than in the CT group (1.08 vs. 0.99). These results suggest that further research is needed to study differences in compounds affecting the fatty acid profile of pork, and to confirm the association of the lipid profile with the use of BioPlus YC probiotic in pig fattening.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2020, 25, 3; 973-991
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Different Cooking Methods on Lipid Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Red Mullet (Mullus barbatus)
Autorzy:
Biandolino, Francesca
Prato, Ermelinda
Grattagliano, Asia
Parlapiano, Isabella
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16538535.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-02-16
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
lipid quality
nutritional indices
barbecue-grilling
oven-cooking
frying
microwaving
boiling
Mediterranean fish
Opis:
This study investigated the effect of five in-house cooking methods (grilling, oven-cooking, frying, microwaving, and boiling) on lipid content and fatty acid composition in red mullet (Mullus barbatus). Moreover, the nutritional quality of the lipid fraction was evaluated by determining a number of lipid nutritional quality indices (LNQI). Moisture content of red mullet decreased after cooking, with the exception of boiled fish, while the lipid content significantly increased after microwave treatment and frying. After the latter, a ten-fold increase in lipid content was noted compared to fresh fish (from 2.1 to 21.1 g/100 g wet matter). All cooking methods caused significant changes in the fatty acid (FA) profile of M. barbatus. The content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) varied significantly between raw and cooked fish with the lowest values determined for fried sample. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content increased after oven cooking and frying, while polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content showed an opposite trend. The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) were the dominant fatty acids among n3 acids in all samples. EPA+DHA contribution in total FAs was significantly lower in the samples after oven cooking (19.6% total FAs) and frying (4.99% total FAs) than in the raw (25.5% of total FAs) fish. The n3/n6 ratio (range 1.25–3.65) decreased significantly after cooking; however, it remained above the recommended values for a healthy human nutrition (1:5). The PUFA/SFA ratio was between 0.69 in fried and 1.02 in boiled fish, both being greater than those recommended by the WHO/FAO [2003]. Atherogenicity index value decreased significantly after the cooking particularly in fried fish. The polyene index (PI), as a measure of PUFA damage, was in the range of 0.42–1.18. Although all cooking methods affected the FA profile, based on LNQI, it can be concluded that barbecue-grilling and boiling were the best cooking methods for healthy eating, due to their lowest effect on essential FAs.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences; 2023, 73, 1; 59-69
1230-0322
2083-6007
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Stormwater System Influence on the River Using Algae
Autorzy:
Babko, Roman
Szulżyk-Cieplak, Joanna
Danko, Yaroslav
Duda, Sylwia
Kirichenko-Babko, Marina
Łagód, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
stormwater system
river
water quality
bioindication
algae environmental indices
Opis:
One of the widespread sources of river pollution is the wastewater coming from both wastewater treatment plants and the stormwater system. Wastewater can vary significantly in composition and concentration of substances introduced into water bodies. Municipal effluents may contain significant amounts of organic matter and ammonia. Storm drains are diverse in composition and depend on the nature of the surface from which the water collects, but carry more suspended solids and less nutrients. The research was aimed at assessing the effect of surface runoff collected by the stormwater system from the territory of the city of Lublin on the Bystrica River using popular environmental indices, calculated on the basis of periphytonic algae species abundances: species number, Shannon’s H, rarefied species number, Pielou’s evenness, trophic diatom index (TDI). It was observed that the correspondence between a species diversity and the quality of the environment is not always straightforward. Therefore, the periphytonic algae diversity increases under the influence of runoff, as evidenced by the Shannon index. Nevertheless, pronounced changes are noted in the structure of the algal community, as shown by the Pielou index and NMDS. However, these changes in the structure are invisible if the trophic diatom index (TDI) is relied upon.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 2; 214-221
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrochemical Conditions of the Łososina River Water Management in the Area of Tymbark
Autorzy:
Policht-Latawiec, A.
Kanownik, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water quality
physicochemical indices
water management
Łososina river
Tymbark city
Opis:
Sustainable use of waters requires not only determining the amount, but primarily the quality of the available water resources and developing a long-term programme of their protection. The analysis of the Łososina river water in the area of Tymbark city was presented in the paper. The water was tested in a view of the requirements as the natural fish habitat and its potential use for people supply in potable water. The river water samples were taken in 2014 at randomly selected dates, once a month in 5 measurement points. 21 physicochemical indices were assessed in the samples. The assessment of the Łososina river water quality was made on the basis of the results of both: on site and laboratory testing, which were compared with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 23 October 2014. The utility values were assessed on the basis of the Regulations of the Minister of Environment of 27 November and 04 October 2014. The analysis of the results demonstrated that the Łososina river water met the requirements of quality class I water in points 1, 2 and 3. Below Tymbark the Łososina river water was polluted, so due to high BOD5 in points 4 and 5, and phosphate concentrations in point 4, it was classified as class II, i.e. good state. Pollution coefficients computed according to Burchard and Dubaniewicz classify the Łososina river water as clean along the whole investigated stretch. Below Tymbark city (points 4 and 5) the Łososina river water cannot be used for drinking water supply because of high BOD5 and iron concentrations. In the other points it could be used for water supply following appropriate physical and chemical treatment. The water does not meet the requirements for salmonid or cyprinid fish along the whole stretch because of high nitrite concentrations, except point 3, where the Łososina river water provided a proper natural habitat for carp.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2015, 16, 5; 151-159
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Municipal Landfill Site on Water Quality in the Włosanka Stream
Autorzy:
Kanownik, W.
Policht-Latawiec, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
water quality
landfill leachate water
heavy metal indices
Włosanka stream
Opis:
Hydrochemical research conducted in the years 2007–2010 comprised monitoring of the Włosanka stream waters and leachate waters from the municipal landfill in Kulerzów in the Malopolskie province. 16 leachate samples were collected from the container taking into consideration the vertical stratification of the quality and samples of water from the Włosanka stream in measurement points situated before and after the landfill. Concentrations of metals: calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, manganese and heavy metals: chromium, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel and lead were determined in the leachates and the stream water. Analysis of the studied metals in the leachates revealed that only potassium concentration exceeded the highest admissible value which is the condition of introducing sewage to water bodies or to soil. Water along the investigated reach of the Włosanka stream, both above and below the municipal landfill was of quality class 1. The landfill had no significant effect on the studied metal concentrations in the stream water – no statistically significant differences were registered between the concentrations of the studied metals (including heavy metals) either in the point above or below the landfill. However, statistical tests comparing values of metal concentrations in the landfill leachates with the stream water revealed that the concentrations of 7 out of 12 tested metals were significantly higher in the leachates. Therefore, the landfill site monitoring should be continued, leachate waters should be collected in the container and supplied to the sewage treatment plant to prevent any threat to human life and health, or to the environment.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 4; 57-64
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improvement of production process capability - a case study of two furniture companies
Autorzy:
Sujová, Andrea
Simanová, Lubica
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
process performance
quality
process capability indices
Six Sigma methodology
furniture enterprises
domestic capital
foreign capital
wydajność procesowa
jakość
wskaźnik zdolności procesowej
metodologia Six Sigma
przedsiębiorstwo meblarskie
kapitał krajowy
kapitał zagraniczny
Opis:
The article aims to assess the improvement of the process capability by implementing the Six Sigma methodology in furniture enterprises with different levels of the quality management system (QMS) and ownership. The implementation of the Six Sigma methodology according to the DMAIC steps, also analysis, evaluation, and comparison of the implementation results were performed to improve the process performance. The implementation of the Six Sigma methodology was carried out in an international enterprise with foreign capital and a certified Quality Management System (QMS) and in a domestic enterprise with purely domestic capital without an established Quality Management System. The implementation results confirmed the positive development in the key indicators of critical processes, namely, in the reduction of DPMO, the increase of efficiency and the level of Sigma Process, and the values of process capability indices. The positive effects were more pronounced in the international enterprise compared to the domestic. The application of the Six Sigma methodology brings better results in manufacturing companies with international management skills and implemented certified QMS. These two aspects can be key success factors by managing and improving process capability. The practical contribution of the paper can be seen in the proposal of suitable methods and tools by implementing Six Sigma conception in furniture manufacturing regardless of the ownership or level of quality management systems.
Źródło:
Engineering Management in Production and Services; 2021, 13, 3; 37--49
2543-6597
2543-912X
Pojawia się w:
Engineering Management in Production and Services
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integral Assessment of the Transboundary Mesta River Trophic Pollution in Bułgaria
Kompleksowa ocena zanieczyszczenia troficznego transgranicznej rzeki Mesty w Bułgarii
Autorzy:
Diadovski, I.
Atanassova, M.
Simeonov, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
oceny jakości
zanieczyszczenia wód
tendencja
wskaźniki całkowity
quality assessment
water pollution
trend
integral indices
Opis:
A conceptual model for integrated river pollution assessment is proposed. Integral assessment of the trophic pollution of the transboundary Mesta River has been made for the initial (background) and final (reference) point of the Bulgarian section by means of some basic indicators. A time period characterizing the economic activity in the country during the transition to market economy has been considered for evaluation of the indicators. The dynamics of the indicators: BOD5, nitrates(V), nitrates(IH), integral index for the trophic pollution level, average annual water amount and biotic index has been analyzed. The integral index is based on the organic and nutrients loading suspended and dissolved substances. Long-term trends seasonal pattern and data set structures are studied by the use of statistical analysis. A trend towards reduction of the indicator values has been identified for background and reference point during the considered period (1989-1995). Only the nitrate(V) content in the background point exhibits a trend towards increasing the values due to natural processes in the catchment. On the basis of the retrospective analysis the conclusion can be drawn that the water quality needs the normative requirements of the river category in Bułgaria.
Zaproponowano koncepcję modelu zintegrowanej oceny zanieczyszczenia rzeki. Dokonano całościowej oceny troficznego zanieczyszczenia transgranicznej rzeki Mesty na podstawie wartości podstawowych wskaźników zmierzonych w początkowym (tło) i końcowym (referencyjnym) bułgarskim odcinku rzeki. Dokonując ocen wskaźników, uwzględniono zmiany gospodarcze zachodzące w kraju, w tym przejście do gospodarki rynkowej. Analizowano wartości takich wskaźników, jak: BZT5, stężenie azotanów(V), stężenie azotanów(III), całkowity wskaźnik zanieczyszczeń troficznych, średni roczny przepływ wody i wartości indeksu biotycznego. Całkowity wskaźnik uwzględnia ładunek organicznych i zawieszonych składników pokarmowych oraz substancje rozpuszczone. Dokonano analizy statystycznej długoterminowych trendów sezonowych i struktury rozpatrywanych zbiorów danych. W badanym okresie (1989-1995) zaobserwowano tendencję w kierunku zmniejszenia się wartości wskaźników w punkcie tła i punkcie odniesienia. Tylko azotany(V) w punkcie tła w zlewni wykazują tendencję do wzrostu wartości w wyniku naturalnych procesów. Na podstawie analizy retrospektywnej można stwierdzić, że jakość wody mieści się w normatywnych wymogach dla rzek w Bułgarii.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2010, 17, 2-3; 199-215
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Long-term impact of selection cutting management on frequency of stem deformity in mixed beech forests of northern Iran
Autorzy:
Tavankar, Farzam
Nikooy, Mehrdad
Lo Monaco, Angela
Picchio, Rodolfo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010794.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
stem form
stem deformity indices
log defects
mixed beech stands
silviculture effect
statistical quality control
SQC
Opis:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of selection cutting management on the stem quality of the trees remaining in the forest. For this purpose, three parcels managed for three decades by selection cutting were selected as managed stands (MP), and two protected parcels without tree felling as control stands (PP). First, the frequency of deformed stems in each parcel was determined for a circular 1000 m2 area of each plot by systematic sampling of 100 m × 100 m grid sections, and then a stem deformity index was estimated for each of the deformed stems. The results showed that the frequency of stem deformity in MP (6.5%) was significantly lower than in PP (20.7%) (p < 0.01). In addition, the frequency of all types of stem deformities in MP was significantly lower than in PP. Furthermore, selection cutting management reduced the indices of twisting, decay, conicity, forking, and ellipticity by 58.4%, 53.9%, 34.7%, 8.4% and 6.8%, respectively. The results for the correlation between frequency of stem deformity and tree diameter at breast height (dbh) showed that the curves followed a parabolic shape in both MP (r = 0.83) and PP (r = 0.80), where the frequency of deformed stems decreased with increasing dbh (up to 75 cm in MP, and up to 65 cm in PP), and then increased with larger dbh. Selection cutting management, regardless of tree species, improved the stem form. Decay accounted for a high proportion (24.1%) of the total deformity in MP, mainly due to logging damage. Overall, the results of this study show that selective management has been successful in improving the quality of tree boles in the studied mixed beech stands. Regular and long-term stand monitoring and statistical quality control (SQC) may be a good approach to aligning ecological and economic goals in forest management.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2021, 64, 207; 5-26
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Marketing potential of websites of rural tourism facilities in Poland
Potencjał marketingowy witryn internetowych obiektów turystyki wiejskiej w Polsce
Autorzy:
Król, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
Internet marketing
popularity rankings
quality indices
sales potential
Internet ecosystem
Opis:
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study is to assess the marketing potential of websites of rural tourism facilities’ in Poland. Materials and methods: It was assumed that the marketing potential of a website provided the basis for placing it in global popularity rankings. The study involved 1000 paid domain websites. Each website was analysed using four tools which yielded values of selected indices, including Serpstat Visibility, Alexa Global Rank and SimilarWeb Global Rank. Results: Almost half of the websites of rural tourism facilities’ obtained 0 or 1 point in the Open Page Rank index evaluation. For 764 websites from the analysed set, the Serpstat Visibility index value was not available, while in the remaining cases it was very low. The websites either reached distant positions in Alexa and SimilarWeb rankings or were not included in them at all. Conclusions: The adopted research model does not allow for absolute assessment of the actual marketing potential of websites. However, the study confirmed that it was not used.
Przedmiot i cel pracy: Celem pracy jest ocena potencjału marketingowego witryn internetowych obiektów turystyki wiejskiej w Polsce. Materiały i metody: Przyjęto, że potencjał marketingowy witryny jest podstawą do plasowania jej w ogólnoświatowych rankingach popularności. Badaniami objęto 1000 witryn w domenach płatnych. Każdą z nich poddano analizie przy pomocy czterech narzędzi, które pozwoliły pozyskać wartości wybranych wskaźników, m.in. Serpstat Visibility, Alexa Global Rank oraz SimilarWeb Global Rank. Wyniki: Prawie połowa witryn internetowych obiektów turystyki wiejskiej uzyskała 0 lub 1 punkt w ocenie wartości wskaźnika Open Page Rank. W przypadku 764 witryn z badanego zbioru niedostępna była wartość wskaźnika Serpstat Visibility, a w pozostałych przypadkach była ona bardzo mała. Witryny osiągały odległe miejsca w rankingach Alexa oraz SimilarWeb, lub w ogóle nie były w nich uwzględniane. Wnioski: W przyjętym modelu badań nie jest możliwa bezwzględna ocena rzeczywistego potencjału marketingowego witryn. Badania potwierdziły jednak, że nie jest on wykorzystany.
Źródło:
Economic and Regional Studies; 2019, 12, 2; 158-172
2083-3725
2451-182X
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Regional Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of dried apple rehydration indices using ANN
Autorzy:
Górnicki, K.
Kaleta, A.
Trajer, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
rehydration
rehydration indices
apple
quality
ANN
Opis:
The purpose of the research was to study the effect of different drying and rehydration conditions on the rehydration indices of apple and to model the rehydration indices of apple using artificial neural networks. The research involved the examination of the rehydration process of 10 mm apple cubes, which were dried in natural convection (drying air velocity), forced convection and fluidization at the following drying temperatures 50, 60 and 70°C. The process of rehydration was conducted in distilled water at the following temperatures 20, 45, 70 and 95°C. Five rehydration indices were used to express rehydration. Artificial neural networks (MLP 3-5-1 and MLP 3-4-1) were used to make the rehydration indices dependent on both drying and rehydration parameters: drying temperatures, v and following temperatures. Five statistical tools, i.e. correlation coefficient, mean bias error, root mean square error, reduced chi-square, and t-statistic method (t-stat), were applied to determine the fit. To identify critical parameters and their impact on the ANN outputs, a sensitivity analysis (backward stepwise method) was performed.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 3; 285-296
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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