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    Wyświetlanie 1-23 z 23
    Tytuł:
    Conceptual design of Light Impurity Monitor for Wendelstein 7-X
    Autorzy:
    Książek, I.
    Burhenn, R.
    Musielok, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146640.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma spectroscopy
    stellarator
    soft X-ray
    Opis:
    As plasma impurity ions can significantly influence the properties of a fusion plasma by dilution and enhancement of the radiation losses, the process of monitoring of their concentrations is one of the most important tasks. A Light Impurity Monitor is needed for monitoring the contamination of the stellarator plasma by carbon, nitrogen, boron, and oxygen impurities, which are indicators for the overload of the plasma facing components, leakage of the vacuum vessel, or wall condition, respectively. Their concentration will be estimated on the basis of emission intensities of their hydrogen-like ions. In this paper a conceptual design of such a spectrometer is presented, including the description of the geometry, the acquisition system and safety systems.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 155-160
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Overview of the application of laser - based techniques in plasma - wall interaction research program at IFPiLM
    Autorzy:
    Kubkowska, M.
    Gąsior, P.
    Czarnecka, A.
    Rosiński, M.
    Wołowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147816.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma-wall interaction
    plasma spectroscopy
    laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
    Opis:
    The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the progress in the application of the laser-based techniques which has been achieved in the research in the field of plasma-wall interaction (PWI) at the Division of Laser-Produced Plasmas (DLPP), Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IFPiLM, Warsaw, Poland) since 2005. The evolution of the experimental set-up which started in a simple configuration for the laser ablative co-deposit removal is presented with stress on the milestones which led to subsequent modifications, namely installation of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), fast HR (high resolution) CCDs, pulsed fiber-laser and the common triggering system.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 163-166
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Second order reflection from crystals used in soft X-ray spectroscopy
    Autorzy:
    Książek, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146093.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    soft X-ray
    plasma spectroscopy
    PbSt
    KAP
    Opis:
    In this note the ratio of the second to the first order reflection is determined for the KAP and PbSt crystals, for wavelengths corresponding to the Al K-line emission. The source of the radiation was a low-voltage stabilized X-ray tube. The X-rays were detected with a Bragg spectrometer equipped with a proportional counter detector. The signal measured by the proportional counter was subsequently pulse height analyzed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 263-265
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Non - homogeneities in multi - element plasmas
    Autorzy:
    Pawelec, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146398.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma spectroscopy
    wall-stabilized arc
    demixing in plasma
    plasma modeling
    Opis:
    This work presents the results of modeling and measurements of plasma parameters performed in a wall -stabilized arc working in a mixture of gases. The temperature and composition of the plasma are analyzed and the homogeneity of the plasma along the arc column in different gas mixtures is studied.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 257-263
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impurity studies for the ITER half-field ICRF heating scenarios in hydrogen plasmas on JET
    Autorzy:
    Czarnecka, A.
    Lerche, E.
    Ongena, J.
    Van Eester, D.
    Figueiredo, A. C. A.
    Coffey, I. H.
    Zastrow, K. -D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147692.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    tokamak
    impurities
    ICRF heating
    ITER scenario
    VUV plasma spectroscopy
    Opis:
    Two ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) heating scenarios, proposed for the non-activated half-B0 phase of ITER in hydrogen plasmas, were investigated on the JET tokamak. This paper we present a detailed study of the impurity content in plasma when the fundamental H and the 2nd harmonic 3He ICRF heating scenarios are realized. The ICRF conditions for those heating scenarios on ITER - i.e. the frequency of 42 MHz for the fundamental H and 53 MHz for the 2nd harmonic 3He heating, and the magnetic field B0 = 2.65 T – were closely reproduced in dedicated experiments on JET. The impurity content of the plasma was determined by means of the spectroscopy in the VUV range. The release of C and Ni impurities during the ICRF heating is presented as a function of the total ICRF heating power supplied in those heating scenarios. The contribution of the Ni impurity to the effective charge of the plasma, Zeff, and the plasma dilution are estimated. We find that for the 3He ICRF heating scenario the impurity content and the plasma energy loss through radiation was higher than for the fundamental hydrogen heating scenario.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 1; 25-30
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wideband spectral emission measurements from laser-produced plasma EUV/SXR source based on a double gas puff target
    Autorzy:
    Arikkatt, Antony Jose
    Wachulak, Przemysław
    Fiedorowicz, Henryk
    Bartnik, Andrzej
    Czwartos, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1849155.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Plasma Spectroscopy
    X-ray coherence tomography
    soft X-ray
    Opis:
    We present spectral emission characteristics from laser-plasma EUV/SXR sources produced by irradiation of < 1 J energy laser pulse on eleven different double stream gas puff targets, with most intense electronic transitions identified in the spectral range from 1 nm to 70 nm wavelength which corresponds to photon energy from 18 eV to 1240 eV. The spectra were obtained using grazing incidence and transmission spectrographs from laser-produced plasma emission, formed by the interaction of a laser beam with a double stream gas puff target. Laser pulses with a duration of 4 ns and energy of 650 mJ were used for the experiment. We present the results obtained from three different spectrometers in the wavelength ranges of SXR (1-5.5 nm), SXR/EUV (4-15.5 nm), and EUV (10-70 nm). In this paper, detailed information about the source, gas targets under investigation, the experimental setup, spectral measurements and the results are presented and discussed. Such data may be useful for the identification of adequate spectral emissions from gasses in the EUV and SXR wavelength ranges dedicated to various experiments (i.e. broadband emission for the X-ray coherence tomography XCT) or may be used for verification of magnetohydrodynamic plasma codes.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2020, 27, 4; 701-719
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Miniaturized ultraviolet sources driven by dielectric barrier discharge and runaway electron preionized diffuse discharge
    Autorzy:
    Erofeev, M
    Baksht, E
    Tarasenko, V
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173213.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    excilamps
    light sources
    plasma spectroscopy
    runaway electron preionized diffuse discharge
    Opis:
    In this work we have studied the energy and spectral characteristics of miniaturized dielectric barrier discharge KrCl-, XeCl-, XeBr-, and Xe2-excilamps of various designs as well as short pulse point-like light sources based on runaway electron preionized diffuse discharge. The maximum ultraviolet power density was 20 mW/cm2, which is comparable with the densities of ordinary dielectric barrier discharge excilamps, whereas the maximum efficiencies of the excilamps were not greater than 2.5%. The causes for the low radiation efficiency of the compact dielectric barrier discharge driven excilamps were analyzed. It is found that at an electron concentration of ne > 1014 cm–3, the efficiency decreases due to enhanced quenching of excited atoms or molecules in dissociation by electron impact. The spectral characteristics of a runaway electron preionized diffuse discharge formed between two pointed electrodes in atmospheric pressure air in an inhomogeneous electric field at a gap shorter than 8 mm were investigated. It is shown that the radiation spectrum of the discharge consists of bands of the second positive nitrogen system, and as the discharge transforms to a spark, lines of the electrode material appear in the spectrum. At a gap of 0.5 mm, weak X-rays from the discharge gap were detected.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2014, 44, 3; 475-487
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Controlling the plasma electron number density of copper metal using NIR picosecond laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
    Autorzy:
    Fikry, Mohamed
    Tawfik, Walid
    Omar, Magdy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033963.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    picosecond
    LIPS
    laser induced plasma spectroscopy
    copper
    electron density
    Stark broadening
    Opis:
    In this paper, we investigate a new method to control the plasma electron number density of copper metal using a near-infrared (NIR) picosecond Nd:YAG laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) technique. The applied laser parameters are as follows; laser pulse energy and intensity varied from 29.2 to 59.4 mJ ± 3% and from 6.01×1010 to 12.35×1010 W/cm2 ± 5%, respectively, for a single pulse at 170 ps pulse duration, and beam diameter about 0.5 ± 0.1 mm. By considering the Stark broadening of a specific spectral line, electron density can be calculated using a neutral copper line at 521.8 nm, assuming the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition. The observed electron density values were 1.09×1016, 2.24×1016, 3.60×1016, and 4.75×1016 cm–3 for the laser pulse energies 29.2, 41, 52.4, and 59.4 mJ, respectively. The plasma electron density values are increased with the increase in laser pulse energy. Such findings were interpreted due to an increase in the mass ablation rates with laser pulse energy. The obtained results explore the ability to control the plasma electron density by controlling the picosecond pulse energy. These results can contribute to the development of plasma technologies and their applications in many fields.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2021, 51, 3; 365-374
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Towards miniaturized sensors for determination of exchangeable potassium in soil samples
    Autorzy:
    Grygolowicz-Pawlak, E.
    Plachecka, K.
    Wolanin, B.
    Malinowska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25360.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    soil analysis
    measurement
    soil
    inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy
    atomic absorption spectroscopy
    miniaturization
    potentiometric electrode
    standard method
    nutrient level
    flame emission spectroscopy
    Źródło:
    International Agrophysics; 2006, 20, 2
    0236-8722
    Pojawia się w:
    International Agrophysics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Research on interactions of plasma streams with CFC targets in the Rod Plasma Injector facility
    Autorzy:
    Zaloga, D. R.
    Kwiatkowski, R.
    Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Nowakowska-Langier, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146642.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    CFC target
    optical spectroscopy
    plasma streams
    plasma-target interaction
    Opis:
    This paper present results of optical spectroscopy studies of interactions of intense plasma streams with a solid target made of carbon fibre composite (CFC). The experiments were carried out within the Rod Plasma Injector (RPI) IBIS facility. The optical measurements were performed first for a freely propagating plasma stream in order to determine the optimal operational parameters of this facility. Optical emission spectra (OES) were recorded for different operational modes of the RPI IBIS device, and spectral lines were identified originating from the working gas (deuterium) as well as some lines from the electrode material (molybdenum). Subsequently, optical measurements of plasma interacting with the CFC target were performed. In the optical spectra recorded with the irradiated CFC samples, in addition to deuterium and molybdenum lines, many carbon lines, which enabled to estimate erosion of the investigated targets, were recorded. In order to study changes in the irradiated CFC samples, their surfaces were analysed (before and after several plasma discharges) by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The analysis of the obtained SEM images showed that the plasma irradiation induces noticeable changes in the surface morphology, for example vaporisation of some carbon fi bres and formation of microcracks. The obtained EDS images showed that upon the irradiated target surface, some impurity ions are also deposited, particularly molybdenum ions from the applied electrodes.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 179-183
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Energy transformation in Plasma Focus discharge with wire and liner as a load
    Autorzy:
    Kubeš, P.
    Kravárik, J.
    Klír, D.
    Scholz, M.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Karpinski, L.
    Ryc, L.
    Juha, L.
    Krasa, J.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Romanova, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147107.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    X-ray source
    XUV spectroscopy
    Opis:
    We present the results of experiments focused on energy transformations during the implosion of the hydrogen current sheath towards an Al wire (120 ěm in diameter) positioned on the top of the inner electrode of the PF-1000 plasma focus facility at the IPPLM in Warsaw. A wire corona is formed at the current sheath impact and ~60 ns after the impact a soft X-ray pulse is emitted. Its spectrum contains AlVI-XII lines accompanied by their satellites. The amount of emitted energy is recorded by two filtered PIN diodes and thermoluminescent dosimeters and depends on symmetry of the current sheath and quality of the current sheath focus. The mean value of energy of keV photons emitted in the runs done without the wire (~1 J) is higher than the energy obtained with the wire (~0.4 J). A time delay between the impact of the current sheath and X-ray pulse, the plasma focus dynamics and soft X-ray emission are interpreted by an axial magnetic field generation and transformations.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 4; 151-153
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optical emission spectroscopy of plasma produced from tungsten target irradiated within RPI - IBIS facility
    Autorzy:
    Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
    Malinowski, K.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Nowakowska-Langier, K.
    Ladygina, M. S.
    Garkusha, I. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147510.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    optical spectroscopy
    free plasma stream
    RPI - IBIS facility
    plasma interaction with tungsten
    Opis:
    The paper presents recent research on characteristics of deuterium plasma streams generated within an RPI-IBIS (multi-rod plasma injector) facility, and optical spectra of plasma produced during the interaction of these streams with a tungsten target placed at a distance of 20 cm from the electrode outlets. Distinct WI- and WII-lines were recorded and the noticeable erosion of the W-target was observed for shots delivering more than 4 J/cm2 on the target surface.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 193-196
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of rubber powder mass flow rate on process of plasma pyrolysis
    Autorzy:
    Szuszkiewicz, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297804.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    plasma pyrolysis
    rubber waste
    thermal utilization
    absorption spectroscopy
    Opis:
    The paper describes an experimental examination of the thermal utilization of used rubber. The research was carried out to examine the influence of rubber powder mass flow rate on the plasma pyrolysis of rubber. An arc plasma generator was applied. Ar and a mixture of Ar and H2 were used as plasma gases. The composition of gaseous products was analyzed by infrared absorption spectroscopy. All of the rubber introduced to the plasma jet was decomposed. The outgoing gas did not contain any toxic chemical compounds such as NOx or HCN.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2019, 22(4); 305-318
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stabilizing of Z-pinch and Plasma Focus discharges due to thick wires
    Autorzy:
    Kubeš, P.
    Kravárik, J.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Scholz, M.
    Karpinski, L.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Bakshaev, Y.
    Blinov, P.
    Chernenko, A. S.
    Gordeev, E. M.
    Dan’ko, S. A.
    Korolev, V. D.
    Shashkov, A.
    Tumanov, V. I.
    Romanova, V.
    Klír, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146991.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    X-ray source
    XUV spectroscopy
    Z-pinch
    Opis:
    This paper presents the results of the diagnostics observing the impact of the plasma sheath imploded in megaamper Z-pinch or plasma focus devices onto the Al or C wires of 30-300 mi m in diameter fixed in the center axis. The discharges were operated with a maximum current of 1.5-3 MA at two devices, PF 1000 at IPFLM in Warsaw, and Stand 300 at RRC Kurchatov Institute in Moscow. At the plasma impact the 10-50 ns XUV pulse was emitted in K-shell lines from the ring or helical-like forms on the surface of the wire corona. The scenario of the production of the non-equilibrium intensities of the C and Al H-like and He-like lines is discussed considering fast transformation of magnetic field, electron beams acceleration, total ionization of the ions and fast recombination in dense and magnetized wire corona.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 1; 5-7
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Moduł optycznej diagnostyki plazmy stanowiska do badań technologii PVD
    Optical plasma diagnostics module stand for PVD processes research
    Autorzy:
    Przybylski, J.
    Majcher, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/256651.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    OES
    spektroskopia emisyjna
    system sterowania
    plazma
    PVD
    emission spectroscopy
    control system
    plasma
    Opis:
    Spektroskopia emisyjna plazmy pozwala na precyzyjny dobór składu chemicznego osadzanej powłoki i tym samym otrzymywanie warstw wierzchnich o zakładanym składzie. W artykule przedstawiono realizację modułu spektralnej analizy i diagnostyki plazmy w stanowisku badawczym procesów PVD. Umożliwia on prowadzenia badań związanych z modernizacją istniejących technologii lub opracowywanie nowych, wykorzystujących pętle regulacji z sygnałami spektroskopowymi. Przedstawiono dwa układy sterowania z wykorzystaniem optycznej diagnostyki plazmy. Pierwszym z nich jest sterowanie dozowaniem gazów technologicznych dla utrzymania zadanego stosunku dwóch sygnałów spektralnych w procesie azotowania jarzeniowego. W drugim układzie moduł analizy optycznej zastosowano do kontroli składu plazmy w procesach rozpylania magnetronowego. Opisano możliwości zastosowania modułu także w innych procesach plazmowych.
    Plasma emission spectroscopy allows for the precise selection of the chemical composition of the deposited coating to obtain the surface layers of the intended composition. The article presents the analysis and diagnostic module of a PVD process research stand. It allows conducting research related to the upgrading of existing technologies or developing new technologies, using control loops with spectroscopic signals. Two control systems using optical plasma diagnostics are presented. The first is the control of technological gases to maintain a specified ratio of two spectral signals in the plasma nitriding process. In the second, an optical analysis module is used for checking the composition of plasma in the magnetron sputtering process. The applicabilities of the other plasma processes are also described.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Eksploatacji; 2013, 1; 141-150
    1232-9312
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Eksploatacji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Water Quality Examination in the Stream Sediment of River Sitnica – the Assessment of Toxic Trace Elements
    Autorzy:
    Troni, Naser
    Hoti, Ramiz
    Halili, Jeton
    Omanovic, Dario
    Laha, Fisnik
    Gashi, Fatbardh
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839079.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    Sitnica river
    river water
    stream sediment
    quality assessment
    inductively coupled plasma
    mass spectroscopy
    Opis:
    It is presently well-recognized that the contamination of aquatic sediments in Kosovo is a widespread phenomenon. The observation of the chemical analyses of water and sediments is essential to determine the extent of trace elements in these ecosystems. Hence, in order to be able to determine the mass concentration of the predominant elements present in river Sitnica, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was used for this research. Moreover, a comparison of the mass concentration of water elements with the mass concentration of the elements found in the Sitnica sediments was provided. Utilizing the results obtained from the ICP-MS analysis, it was shown that the mass concentration of nickel, arsenic, zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, aluminum in certain water sample stations exceeds the permissible sediment quality criteria. Considering the toxicity that heavy metals exert on the aquatic environment, this research aimed to assess and measure the metal toxicity, because only then, a proper solution can be suggested to sustain freshwater ecosystems and to prevent constant damage from the human activity.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 234-243
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Generation of shock waves in dense plasmas by high-intensity laser pulses
    Autorzy:
    Pasley, J.
    Bush, I. A.
    Robinson, A. P. L.
    Rajeev, P. P.
    Mondal, S.
    Lad, A. D.
    Ahmed, S.
    Narayanan, V.
    Ravindra Kumar, D
    Kingham, R. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147346.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    shock waves
    radiation hydrodynamics
    laser–plasma interactions
    fast ignition
    inertial confinement fusion
    Doppler spectroscopy
    Opis:
    When intense short-pulse laser beams (I > 1022 W/m2, τ < 20 ps) interact with high density plasmas, strong shock waves are launched. These shock waves may be generated by a range of processes, and the relative significance of the various mechanisms driving the formation of these shock waves is not well understood. It is challenging to obtain experimental data on shock waves near the focus of such intense laser–plasma interactions. The hydrodynamics of such interactions is, however, of great importance to fast ignition based inertial confinement fusion schemes as it places limits upon the time available for depositing energy in the compressed fuel, and thereby directly affects the laser requirements. In this manuscript we present the results of magnetohydrodynamic simulations showing the formation of shock waves under such conditions, driven by the j × B force and the thermal pressure gradient (where j is the current density and B the magnetic field strength). The time it takes for shock waves to form is evaluated over a wide range of material and current densities. It is shown that the formation of intense relativistic electron current driven shock waves and other related hydrodynamic phenomena may be expected over time scales of relevance to intense laser–plasma experiments and the fast ignition approach to inertial confi nement fusion. A newly emerging technique for studying such interactions is also discussed. This approach is based upon Doppler spectroscopy and offers promise for investigating early time shock wave hydrodynamics launched by intense laser pulses.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 193-198
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Spektroskopia emisyjna plazmy zasilanej impulsowo w trakcie magnetronowego rozpylania stopu Zn i Bi
    Optical emission spectra of Zn and Bi in pulsed magnetron plasma
    Autorzy:
    Ziaja, J.
    Ozimek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/159200.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
    Tematy:
    rozpylanie magnetronowe
    spektroskopia emisyjna
    linie emisyjne
    plazma impulsowa
    magnetron sputtering
    optical spectroscopy
    emission lines
    pulsed plasma
    Opis:
    Za pomocą spektroskopii optycznej określono korelacje pomiędzy technologicznymi parametrami procesu rozpylania – moc wydzielona na materiale rozpylanym, odległość target – podłoże, ciśnienie gazu roboczego, a składem chemicznym magnetronowej plazmy zasilanej impulsowo. W badaniach zastosowano metaliczny stop 0,90Zn-0,10Bi, o średnicy 50 mm. Target rozpylano w atmosferze argonu (Ar), tlenu (O2) oraz w atmosferze będącej mieszaną tych gazów. W mieszaninie ciśnienie parcjalne tlenu zmieniano w zakresie 0 < pO2 / p(O2 + Ar) < 1. Optyczne widma emisyjne zmierzono w zakresie długości fal od 200-800 nm. Stwierdzono, że dla różnych warunków pracy magnetronu widma emisyjne różnią się od standardowych. Wykazano, iż wartość intensywności Ibi oraz IZn wzrasta wraz ze wzrostem mocy dostarczanej do materiału rozpylanego i maleje w funkcji odległości od niego. Intensywności są również funkcją ciśnienia parcjalnego tlenu. Zmieniając stosunek IZn/IBi można w sposób kontrolowany otrzymywać warstwy o zadanym składzie chemicznym, co jest bardzo istotnym elementem z technologicznego punktu widzenia.
    This study aimed at determining the relations between technological parameters of sputtering process – power dissipated in the target, the distance target – substrate, working gas pressure and the chemical composition of pulsed magnetron plasma by means of optical spectrophotometry. Planar 0.90Zn – 0.10Bi target with a diameter of 50 mm was sputtered in Ar, O2 and in the atmosphere of both gases mixture. In the mixture of both gases the partial pressure of oxygen was changed in the range 0 < pO2 / p(O2 + Ar) < 1. Optical emission spectra were measured in 200 – 800 nm wavelength range. The intensity of characteristic optical lines of bismuth and zinc for selected wavelengths (λBi = 306.77 nm and λZn = 636.23 nm) was studied. It was stated that for various conditions of magnetron operation the emission spectra are different from the standard ones. It was shown that the intensity of IBi and IZn lines increases along with the increase of power supplied to the target and decreases in the distance function from it. It was also proven that the intensity of characteristic optical lines of bismuth and zinc depends on the oxygen partial pressure. The relative lines intensities IBi and IZn are a function decreasing along with the increase in oxygen concentration.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2012, 259; 51-52
    0032-6216
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Calculation of edge ion temperature and poloidal rotation velocity from carbon III triplet measurements on the COMPASS tokamak
    Autorzy:
    Tomeš, M.
    Weinzettl, V.
    Pereira, T.
    Imríšek, M.
    Seidl, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148182.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    high-resolution spectroscopy
    spectra processing
    peak detection
    line detection
    line fitting
    poloidal plasma rotation
    ion temperature
    Opis:
    A high-resolution spectroscopic system for the measurements of the CIII triplet at 465 nm was installed at the COMPASS tokamak. The Doppler broadening and shift of the measured spectral lines are used to calculate the edge ion temperature and poloidal plasma rotation. At first, the spectroscopic system based on two-grating spectrometer and the calibration procedure is described. The signal processing including detection and removal of spiky features in the signal caused by hard X-rays based on the difference in the behaviour of Savitzky-Golay and median filters is explained. The detection and position estimation of individual spectral lines based on the continuous wavelet transform is shown. The method of fitting of Gaussians using the orthogonal distance regression and estimation of the error of estimation of the rotation velocity and ion temperature is described. At the end, conclusions about the performance of the spectroscopic system and its shortcomings based on summary of results calculated from 2033 processed spectral lines measured in 61 shots are drawn and the possible enhancements are suggested.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 443-451
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formation of Microfibres from Cellulose Acetate Butyrate by Electrospinning with a Surface Modified in Low-temperature Plasma
    Modyfikacja powierzchni mikrowłókien z octano maślanu celulozy podczas elektroprzędzenia w plazmie nis
    Autorzy:
    Biniaś, W.
    Biniaś, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/232681.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Biopolimerów i Włókien Chemicznych
    Tematy:
    electrospinning
    low-temperature plasma
    processing reactor
    microfibers
    UV-Vis
    spectroscopy
    FTIR spectroscopy
    SEM
    reaktor do elektroprzędzenia
    mikrowłókna
    spektroskopia UV-VIS
    spektroskopia FTIR
    chemiczne właściwości włókien
    Opis:
    This work describes a method of formation of microfibres from cellulose acetate butyrate solution in acetone by electrospinning. The method used a specially designed electrospinning reactor with an arrangement generating low-temperature plasma incorporated in the spinning zone. In this study the low-temperature plasma treatment was used to modify the surface of cellulose acetate butyrate fibres. The chemical nature of the microfibres’ surfaces was examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy with the use of an integration sphere and reflectance FTIR spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the morphology and size of the electrospun fibres modified in low-temperature plasma and to compare them with the unmodified fibres.
    W pracy opisana jest metoda formowania mikrowłókien z octano maślanu celulozy rozpuszczonej w acetonie. W metodzie zastosowano reaktor do elektroprzędzenia w plazmie niskotemperaturowej wytworzonej w strefie formowania. Plazma niskotemperaturowa została w tym przypadku wykorzystana do modyfikacji powierzchni włókien z octano maslanu celulozy. Chemiczne właściwości mikrowłokien i ich powierzchni były badane z zastosowaniem spektrofotometrii odbiciowej FTIR i spektrofotometrii UV-Vis wyposażonej w kulę całkującą. Mikroskopia skaningowa SEM została wykorzystana do określenia morfologii i rozmiarów włókien formowanych w polu elektrycznym w plazmie niskotemperaturowej w porównaniu z formowanymi bez zastosowania plazmy.
    Źródło:
    Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe; 2014, 4 (106); 37-42
    1230-3666
    2300-7354
    Pojawia się w:
    Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optical emission spectroscopy of plasma streams in PF-1000 experiments
    Autorzy:
    Jakubowska, K.
    Kubkowska, M.
    Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
    Malinowski, K.
    Marchenko, A. K.
    Paduch, M.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Scholz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146628.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    optical emission spectroscopy
    deuterium Balmer series
    Ar II lines
    electron density
    Boltzmann plot
    Opis:
    The optical spectroscopy in the visible range was used to determine properties of the dense magnetized plasma generated in the PF-1000, a 1 MJ plasma focus device operating in the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM) in Warsaw, Poland. The experiments were performed in a vacuum chamber pumped out to the basic pressure of 2 x 10.5 hPa. The initial pressure of the pure deuterium filling was 2.9 hPa, while that of the deuterium--argon mixture was 1.07 hPa of D2 and 0.13 hPa of Ar. The deuterium-plasma emission contained the Balmer series (Dalfa, Dbeta and Dgamma) and a few distinct copper (Cu I) lines originating from the inner electrode material. The emission of the deuterium-argon plasma was rich in Ar II lines. The electron density (ne), averaged over line of sight, of order of 1016 cm.3 was calculated on the basis of the Dalfa and Dbeta emission only, because the D�ż line was strongly self-absorbed. A group of the Ar II spectral lines was used to estimate the excitation temperature (Texc = 3 eV) by means of a Boltzmann plot. Additionally, the temporal evolution of the electron density was determined on basis of the Stark broadening of the Dalfa and Dgamma lines.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 125-129
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimization of radio frequency inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition process of diamond-like carbon films
    Autorzy:
    Kijaszek, W.
    Oleszkiewicz, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174787.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    diamond-like carbon
    radio frequency inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition RF ICP PECVD
    Raman scattering spectroscopy
    spectroscopic ellipsometry
    Opis:
    The diamond-like carbon materials have unique mechanical, optical, electrical and chemical properties. The material is commonly applied in automotive industry, medicine and in other everyday life products. However, the diamond-like carbons are not used in micro- and optoelectronics on a wider scale due to technological problems. The application of the diamond-like carbon films in electronic structure is limited because the standard methods do not ensure that the quality and properties of the deposited film will be satisfactory for a specific application. On the other hand, more sophisticated methods that allow manufacturing the diamond-like carbon film with adequate properties, such as microwave assisted chemical vapour deposition, require heating of the substrate to high temperature (above 1000°C). The solution to the problem is the radio frequency inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition method that allows deposition of the diamond-like carbon films with satisfactory properties and the process can be carried out at room temperature. In the paper, basic information and issues concerning the diamond-like carbon films manufacturing technology by radio frequency inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition method will be explained. The diamond-like carbon films were investigated by the Raman scattering spectroscopy and the spectroscopic ellipsometry.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 2; 167-172
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ warunków wzbudzenia na emisję pierwiastków resztkowych w obecności żelaza w technice HG ICP-OES
    Effect of excitation conditions on residual elements emission in the presence of iron in the HG ICP-OES technique
    Autorzy:
    Knapik, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181547.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
    Tematy:
    generowanie wodorków
    pierwiastki resztkowe
    spektrometria emisyjna
    spektrometria optyczna
    spektrometria atomowa
    plazma indukcyjnie sprzężona
    hydride generation
    residual elements
    optical emission spectrometry
    inductively coupled plasma
    emission spectroscopy
    Opis:
    Przeprowadzono badania nad możliwością oznaczania śladowych ilości arsenu, antymonu i cyny obecnych w stalach metodą generowania lotnych wodorków W tym celu ustalono optymalne warunki prowadzenia procesu i opracowano program analityczny spektrometru ICP-OES Agilent 5100. Opracowanie programu analitycznego wymagało ustalenia optymalnych parametrów wzbudzenia oznaczanych pierwiastków. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań obrazujące wpływ warunków wzbudzenia na emisję pierwiastków resztkowych w technice HG ICP-OES.
    The possibility to determine trace amounts of arsenic, antimony and tin in steels with the use of hydride generation technique was examined. For this purpose, it was necessary to determine optimal process conditions and develop an analytical program for the Agilent 5100 ICP-OES spectrometer. The development of the analytical program required the determination of excitation parameters for the determined elements. The article presents the results of studies showing the effect of excitation conditions on the emission of residual elements in the HG ICP-OES technique.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2017, T. 69, nr 1, 1; 53-58
    0137-9941
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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