Temat: perpetrators - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: „Mowa czyni wolnym”. Rozrachunek z nazistowską przeszłością rodziców w noweli Thomasa Lehra Frühling (Wiosna)
“Speech makes you free”: Facing the Nazi Past in Thomas Lehr’s Frühling (Spring)
Autorzy:: Daroch, Magdalena
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/571976.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Neofilologii
Tematy:: family secret
Nazism
victims
perpetrators
Thomas Lehr
Opis:: Nazistowska przeszłość rodziców jest jednym z tematów często podejmowanych we współczesnej literaturze niemieckiej. Nie da się od niej uciec, gdyż pewnego dnia i tak objawi się ona w życiu kolejnych pokoleń – takie jest przesłanie wydanej w 2001 roku noweli Thomasa Lehra Frühling (Wiosna). Głównym bohaterem tekstu jest syn, który odkrywa, że ojciec był kiedyś lekarzem obozowym w Dachau. Nie może poradzić sobie z tą wiedzą i popełnia samobójstwo. Książka Lehra jest refleksją nad życiem w cieniu przeszłości rodziców-sprawców, której ofiarami stają się ich własne dzieci, a zarazem wskazaniem, jak można się od tej przeszłości uwolnić.
The Nazi past of family members is a recurrent theme in contemporary German literature. It cannot be easily forgotten, as it keeps resurfacing and influences the next generations. This is the central idea of Thomas Lehr’s novella Frühling (Spring), published in 2001. Its protagonist discovers that during World War II his father was a physician in the Dachau concentration camp. Devastated by this revelation, the son cannot cope with it and as a result commits suicide. Lehr’s book reflects upon the Nazi’s children and their life in the shadow of history. The story also points out how it is possible to cope with this haunting past.
Źródło:: Acta Philologica; 2015, 47; 107-115
0065-1524
Pojawia się w:: Acta Philologica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: EUROPEAN PERPETRATOR PROGRAMMES: A SURVEY ON DAY-TO-DAY OUTCOME MEASUREMENT
Autorzy:: Canales, Oriol Ginés
Geldschläger, Heinrich
Nax, David
Ponce, Álvaro
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647209.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Tematy:: domestic violence, perpetrators, outcome measurement, programmes, Europe
Opis:: Evaluating the results of programmes for perpetrators of domestic violence is essential for both policy mak- ers and practitioners, and a growing number of studies have addressed this issue. However, few studies have described the ongoing, day-to-day outcome measurements routinely undertaken by perpetrator programmes to monitor their results. As part of the IMPACT Evaluation of European Perpetrator Programmes project, in the present study 134 domestic violence perpetrator programmes from 22 European countries answered a survey on the designs, methods and instruments they use in their current day-to-day outcome monitoring practice and on the obstacles to and need for improvements in this practice. The main results include the findings that 20% of programmes do not measure outcomes at all, that there is a great diversity in methods and instruments used, and a low percentage of programmes make use of data from the victims/survivors and from follow-ups.
Źródło:: Studia Humanistyczne AGH; 2015, 14, 2
2084-3364
Pojawia się w:: Studia Humanistyczne AGH
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: „Odrodziły się traumy z czasów Zagłady”. Marzec 1968 jako narracja postkatastroficzna
“Traumas from the Holocaust Have Revived”. March 1968 as a Polish Postcatastrophic Narration
Autorzy:: Artwińska, Anna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1389621.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015-01-01
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:: anti-Semitism
March 1968
postcatastrophe
remembrance
perpetrators
victims
witnesses
Opis:: The article discusses select literary images and presentations of March 1968, which are treated as an example of a postcatastrophic narration. The author states that the events of the years 1967-1968 are often depicted in Polish literature as a kind of a “recurring catastrophe” – predicting an event of the calibre of the Holocaust. Similarities and parallels can be noticed on the artistic level (ways of representation) and ideological (judgement of events). Consequently, the catastrophe does not fulfil its cathartic function and does not become a breakthrough, instead its characteristic features are repetitions and new configurations. Finally, the author asks whether, and to what extent, Polish remembrance of March overlaps with the remembrance of the Holocaust, and to what degree the struggle with anti-Semitism in 1967-1968 was simultaneously a struggle with anti-Semitism during WWII.
Źródło:: Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2015, 25; 187-208
1233-8680
2450-4947
Pojawia się w:: Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Incognito ergo sum. O wytwarzaniu obojętności
Autorzy:: Tokarska-Bakir, Joanna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643721.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:: Jewish Poles
non-Jewish Poles
indifference
Holocaust
witnesses-perpetrators-victims
Opis:: Incognito ergo sum: on indifference The present article is an analysis of various types of indifference of non-Jewish inhabitants of Warsaw to the plight of Jewish Poles. The words of Krzysztof Dunin-Wąsowicz, a historian and “Żegota” activist, provide the vantage point for the analysis: Dunin-Wąsowicz claimed that around 75 per cent of the inhabitants of Warsaw “were indifferent to what was taking place behind the Ghetto wall”. Thomas Kuhne hypothesised that it was Germans’ indifference to the Jewish – not hatred – that legitimised the Nazi racial policies of the 1930s. This statement might also apply to the “75 per cent of the inhabitants of Warsaw”. The article is mainly based on articles published by ZWZ-AK, in particular Biuletyn Informacyjny. Incognito ergo sum. O wytwarzaniu obojętnościAutorka analizuje różne odcienie obojętności nieżydowskich mieszkańców Warszawy w latach czterdziestych wobec losu żydowskich Polaków. Punktem wyjścia jest zdanie Krzysztofa Dunin-Wąsowicza, historyka i działacza „Żegoty”, który stwierdził, że dla około 75 procent mieszkańców Warszawy „obojętne było to, co działo się poza murem getta”. Powołując się na tezę Thomasa Kuhnego, że to właśnie obojętność Niemców wobec Żydów – a nie nienawiść w stosunku do nich – „spowodowała masowe poparcie nazistowskiej polityki rasowej w latach trzydziestych”, autorka zastanawia się, czy „podobnej opinii nie można by sformułować pod adresem” 75 procent mieszkańców Warszawy. Materiał do analizy stanowią w znacznej mierze publikacje prasy ZWZ-AK, w tym przede wszystkim „Biuletyn Informacyjny”.
Źródło:: Studia Litteraria et Historica; 2013, 2
2299-7571
Pojawia się w:: Studia Litteraria et Historica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Old wounds—new challenges: Women’s war experiences in the ex-Yugoslav and Bosnian armed conflict (1991–1995)
Autorzy:: Bitunjac, Martina
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105327.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022-08-21
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:: war
Yugoslavia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
women
war victims
perpetrators
violence
Opis:: Women suffered greatly during the wars in the former Yugoslavia, particularly in Bosnia and Herzegovina. They lost everything they owned, they were widowed, had to flee, were victims of sexual violence or even lost their lives. Most have never gotten over their trauma from the war. Many of their tormentors have still never been brought to justice. At the same time, there were also women who supported the military conflict and ethnic hate as spreaders of propaganda, nationalists and war criminals. This article will explore the different fates and range of agencies open to women, who were to be sure primarily victims in the Balkan wars of the 1990s, but not just. It will also be shown how even after suffering brutal wartime experiences, women are now fighting for their rights and breaking open the patriarchal social structure existing up to today.
Źródło:: Przegląd Krytyczny; 2022, 4, 1; 27-38
2657-8964
Pojawia się w:: Przegląd Krytyczny
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Is Homicide a Turning Point in the Life of Perpetrators? A Narrative Analysis of the Life Stories of Marginalized and Middle-Class Male Homicide Offenders in Metropolitan Buenos Aires, Argentina
Autorzy:: Di Marco, Martín Hernán
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32222589.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:: Homicide
Violence
Perpetrators
Narratives
Life Story
Turning-Points
Masculinity
Argentina
Opis:: This paper aims to analyze the relevance given to violent deaths and imprisonment by male homicide perpetrators in their biographical reconstructions. Drawing on narrative criminology, this study examines the offenders’ emic terms, rationalities, and stories. The analysis is based on seventy-three purposefully selected narrative-biographical interviews and field observations in prisons and homes of former convicts (2016-2020) in Metropolitan Buenos Aires, Argentina. The corpus was analyzed following an inductive thematic coding strategy using ATLAS.ti. Three central narratives about homicide and incarceration emerged: “opportunity,” “rock bottom,” and “disruptive.” For most, homicide was described as a biographical opportunity to rethink their lives, pursue new pathways, and “stabilize” a previously uncontrolled lifestyle. However, homicides perpetrated by respondents with higher socioeconomic status were disruptive events. Participants used stoic rationality—the positive appraisal of painful experiences—to structure their sense-making and stories of violence. This rationality permeated perpetrators’ presentations of themselves, their turning points and lived experiences, and the violence performed and suffered. This paper grapples with the widespread assumption that homicide is a radical change in the lives of offenders and questions the universal meaning of violent death. Performing violence is not only neutralized but is also seen as an expected and inaugural event in life stories, dependent on the worldviews of the social actors.
Źródło:: Qualitative Sociology Review; 2022, 18, 4; 110-131
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:: Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: The Polish-Jewish Lethal Polka Dance
Autorzy:: Nitza Davidovitch, Nitza
Lewin, Eyal
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628742.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:: Jewish-Polish relations, Israeli-Polish relations, Holocaust victims, bystanders, perpetrators.
Opis:: Aim. This paper analyses the inherent paradoxes of Jewish-Polish relations. It portrays the main beliefs that construct the contradicting narratives of the Holocaust, trying to weigh which of them is closer to the historic truth. It seeks for an answer to the question whether the Polish people were brothers-in-fate, victimized like the Jews by the Nazis, or if they were rather a hostile ethnic group. Concept. First, the notion of Poland as a haven for Jews throughout history is conveyed. This historical review shows that the Polish people as a nation have always been most tolerant towards the Jews and that anti-Semitism has existed only on the margins of society. Next, the opposite account is brought, relying on literature that shows that one thousand years of Jewish residence in Poland were also a thousand years of constant friction, with continuous hatred towards the Jews. Consequently, different accounts of World War II are presented – one shows how the Polish people were the victims, and the others deal with Poles as by-standers and as perpetrators. Results and conclusion. Inconsistency remains the strongest consistency of the relations between Jews and Poles. With the unresolved puzzle of whether the Polish people were victims, bystanders or perpetrators, this paper concludes with some comments on Israeli domestic political and educational attitudes towards Poland, that eventually influence collective concepts. Cognitive value. The fact that the issue of the Israeli-Polish relationship has not been deeply inquired, seems to attest to the reluctance of both sides to deal with what seems to form an open wound. At the same time, the revival of Jewish culture in Poland shows that, today more than ever, the Polish people are reaching out to Israelis, and are willing to deal with history at an unprecedented level. As Israelis who wish to promote universal values, a significant encounter with the Polish people may constitute a door to acceptance and understanding of others. Such acceptance can only stem from mutual discourse and physical proximity between the two peoples.
Źródło:: Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2019, 10, 2; 15-31
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The Polish Educational Policy after 28 Years of Political Transformation
Autorzy:: Śliwerski, Bogusław
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1969406.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018-06-30
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:: educational reforms
educational policy
critical pedagogy
school
democracy
contradiction
educational perpetrators
Opis:: In this article I make a critical analysis of educational policy in Poland during the 28 years of the political transformation. In the transition period in Poland, from 1989 to 2017, education did not become a source of ongoing changes in the country. Further formations of political power, selected through elections, instead of decentralizing the school system, allegedly led to the creation of new models of school in a corset of centralism. To make matters worse, the prime ministers of the following governments from different political parties, taking into account their own or party interests, created the ministry of national education (or their decision-making power apparatus) who had disturbed communicational relationships with the public. In this article, I explain the reasons for the betrayal of elites in the context of fundamental assumptions of the “Solidarity” movement in the years of 1980 – 1989. As a result, Polish society abandoned the deliberative and participatory democracy. I look at how education, as a science and practice of education, fits into democratization of the Polish state and society. What is of key importance is the perception of education as a common good, as environments and entities, institutions or management practices which participate in a democratic society.
Źródło:: The New Educational Review; 2018, 52; 149-163
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:: The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Europejskie reguły wykonywania sankcji i środków orzeczonych wobec nieletnich sprawców czynów karalnych
European rules on the implementation of sanctions and measures passed against juvenile perpetrators of criminal offenses
Autorzy:: Dünkel, Frieder
Baechtold, Andrea
Van Zyl-Smit, Dirk
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698496.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: nieletni
polityka kryminalna
prawa człowieka
european law
juvenile perpetrators
criminal offenses
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 2009, XXXI; 35-60
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Zmiana polityki karania w nowelizacji kodeksu karnego z 7 lipca 2022 roku. Uwagi krytyczne
Autorzy:: Pawelec, Kazimierz J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13949700.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023-02-20
Wydawca:: Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:: principles of punishment
specific and general prevention
minor and juvenile
perpetrators
Opis:: Law making is akin to solving criminal puzzles. To paraphrase A. Loeb, the legislator must follow the evidence. The evidence includes empirical data, scientific research and especially the achievements of researchers. Following the above requires humility, which frees one from biases that can affect one’s observations and conclusions. Creating norms of penal law consists most of all of a systemic approach, so that this system is consistent and, most importantly, only at the end of proceedings punishes with an individual approach the offender whose guilt has been proven with all the guarantees afforded to the parties in the proceedings of a fair trial. Analysing the changes in the enacted amendment, the author focused on minor and juvenile offenders who also committed crimes, i.e. traffic accidents and, less frequently, traffic disasters or causing the immediate danger thereof. They were often an effect of extremely risky behaviour, aggression and even road rage. Should these perpetrators be punished for the consequences of these acts with all the tightened severity, as enacted by Parliament? A critical assessment of the change in punishment philosophy deserves consideration.
Źródło:: Cybersecurity and Law; 2023, 9, 1; 287-297
2658-1493
Pojawia się w:: Cybersecurity and Law
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Prawne i kryminologiczne aspekty przestępczości seksualnej duchownych
Legal and Criminological Aspects of Sexual Crimes of the Priests
Autorzy:: Wilk, Anna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25806031.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:: przestępstwa seksualne
duchowni
Kościół
sprawcy
ofiary
sexual crimes
priests
church
perpetrators
victims
Opis:: Artykuł porusza problematykę przestępstw seksualnych duchownych Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego. Zawiera próbę przybliżenia samej skali zjawiska przestępstw seksualnych popełnianych przez duchownych w świetle dostępnych statystyk i literatury, z uwzględnieniem wybranych krajów oraz Polski, jak również wskazania przykładów reakcji Kościoła i państwa na ten problem. Przedstawione są także czynniki kryminogenne przestępczości seksualnej w Kościele, takie jak: tzw. "kultura klerykalna", sam stan duchowny jako czynnik ryzyka, celibat duchownych oraz orientacja homoseksualna sprawców. Opracowanie porusza również prawnokarne aspekty przestępstw seksualnych duchownych, a w szczególności problematykę karalnego zaniechania denuncjacji, co ma szczególne znaczenie w świetle kierowanych pod adresem Kościoła zarzutów o "tuszowanie" przestępstw seksualnych popełnionych przez duchownych lub pomaganie sprawcom w uniknięciu odpowiedzialności.
The article refers to the problem of sexual crimes of Roman Catholic priests. It includes an attempt of estimation of the range of the problem, based on available statistics and literature, as well as examples of reaction to the problem from the Church itself and from the state. The author analyzes potential criminogenic factors of sexual crimes in the Church, such as: the co-called “clerical culture”, the priesthood itself as a risk factor, celibacy of the clergy and homosexual orientation of the perpetrators. The article also describes the criminal law aspects of the problem, especially the punishable omission of denunciation, which is particularly important in the light of accusations of “covering up” sexual crimes by the Church or helping the perpetrators to avoid responsibility.
Źródło:: Problemy Prawa Karnego; 2022, 6, 1; 1-26
0208-5577
2353-9712
Pojawia się w:: Problemy Prawa Karnego
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Obraz przestępczości nieletnich w Polsce w badaniach kryminologicznych – przed i po transformacji
The Picture of Juvenile Delinquency in Poland in Criminological Research: Before and After Transformation
Autorzy:: Rzeplińska, Irena
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698979.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2006
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: przestępczość nieletnich
badania kryminologiczne
czyn karalny
juvenile delinquency
criminological research
juvenile perpetrators
Opis:: Patterns of offences committed by youth aged 13–16: in contemporary Poland and fifteen years earlier – in the 1980s. The limit is 1989, a year when major social and political changes in Poland begun. What was different and what was similar in offences between these two groups of youth.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 2006, XXVIII; 331-343
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Reporting of workplace violence towards nurses in 5 European countries – a cross-sectional study
Autorzy:: Babiarczyk, Beata
Turbiarz, Agnieszka
Tomagová, Martina
Zeleníková, Renáta
Önler, Ebru
Sancho Cantus, David
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116620.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020-04-30
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:: occupational health
nurse
physical violence
perpetrators
verbal abuse
reasons for non-reporting
Opis:: ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess country-specific evidence of physical and non-physical acts of workplace violence towards nurses working in the health sector in 5 European countries, and then to identify reasons for not reporting violence experienced at work.Material and MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 participating countries (Poland, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Turkey, and Spain). All registered nurses working in selected healthcare settings for at least 1 year were invited to participate in the study. A questionnaire adapted from the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Country Case Study – Questionnaire, developed jointly by the International Labour Office, the International Council of Nurses, the World Health Organization and Public Services International, was used. The selection of healthcare settings and the distribution of the questionnaire were conducted according to the recommendations of the questionnaire authors.ResultsIn total, 1089 nurses submitted completed questionnaires which could be included in the study. Of these, 54% stated that they had been exposed to non-physical violence and 20% had been exposed to physical violent acts. A total of 15% of the surveyed nurses experienced both forms of workplace violence. In addition, 18% of the respondents confirmed having witnessed physical violence in their workplace. The most common perpetrators were patients and patients’ relatives. In about 70% of these cases, no actions were taken after the act of violence to investigate its causes. About half of the study group did not report workplace violence as they believed it was useless or not important. The most common consequences of workplace violence included being “superalert” or watchful and on guard.ConclusionsNurses internationally are both victims of and witnesses to workplace violence. Workplace violence is often seen by nurses as an occupational hazard and, as such, it remains not reported. The first step in preventing workplace violence is not only to acknowledge its existence but also to ensure the appropriate reporting of violent acts.
Źródło:: International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2020, 33, 3; 325-338
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:: International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Nieletni sprawcy przestępstw popełnionych pod wpływem alkoholu
Juvenile Perpetrators of Offences Committed Under the Influence of Alcohol
Autorzy:: Krawczyk, Jacek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698524.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1992
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: nieletni sprawcy
przestępstwa
alkohol
alkoholizm
badania kryminologiczne
juvenile perpetrators
offences
alcohol
alcoholism
criminological research
Opis:: For many years now, excessive drinking has been among the main symptoms of social pathology in Poland. Also the fact is beyond any doubt that drinking is strongly related to crime: it is ussually found in over a half of offences known to the police committed by adults. The problem of drinking also plays an important part in the process of juvenile demoralization and delinquency. This fact was noticed by the legislator who, in the Act of October 26, 1982 on proceedings in cases of juveniles, situated drinking among the symptoms of demoralization. Among the juveniles found quality of offences, the proportion of those who drink alcohol is quite large, the offenders’ actual age considered. In recent years, that proportion has been over 11,0% of all juvenile delinquents. There are also among the juveniles found quality of offences those who committed acts prohibited by law while under the influence of alcohol. In recent years, the proportion of, such juveniles has been over 5,0% and, shows an upward trend. There is among the excessively drinking juvenile delinquents a decided majority of boys, whose proportion has always been over 91,0% in the last 20 years. The paper reports on a national empirical study of two groups of boys born in 1959. The first group consisted of 100 respondents who committed as juveniles at least one offence while under the influence of alcohol. The other group which also consisted of 100 persons (the control group) were boys selected from among the juveniles delinquents who committed offences but did not drink any alcohol before that act. The source of data on the two groups of respondents were: court files; records of implementation of the educational or corrective measures applied by the court, files of criminal cases for offences committed by those persons as adults; questionnaires sent out to sobering-up stations; as well as standarized interviews with the respondents themselves. The study has shown a number of differences between juveniles who commit offences under the influence of alcohol and the remaining juvenile delinquents. The main such differences are as follows: Different types of delinquency in the broad sense: ‒ offences committed under the influence of alcohol were frequently not the first offences of the examined juveniles (44,0% of cases, as compared to 7,0% in the control group); ‒ such offences were usually committed at the age of 15‒16 (93,0%), that is rather late in the juvenile’s career, at the threshold of statutory age: ‒ the offences committed by the first group were decidedly more aggressive and dangerous for the life and health of their victims than those committed by the control group; ‒ nearly 50,0% of the offences committed under the influence of alcohol were commitied in the streets (control group ‒ 39,3%); ‒ the juveniles who committed offences under the influence of alcohol were acting alone nearly 30 times more often than the remaining juvenile deliquents. In the case of boys who committed offences under the influence of alcohol, their state of health, family situation, and ‒ consequently ‒ also scholastic achievements were inferior to those in the control group: ‒ as few as 67,0% of boys in the first group were brought up in complete families (control group ‒ 82,0%); what is more, in 52,3% of those families disturbed functioning was found which was due to: alcoholism, excessive drinking, serious chronic diseases, disablement, mental disorders, delinquency or prostitution of one or both parents; thus as few as about one-third of the families of juveniles who committed offences under the influence of alcohol were fully efficient educational milieu; ‒ 69,0% of the boys who committed offences under the influence of alcohol were educationally neglected by their parents (control group ‒ 53,0%); ‒ 44,0% of the boys who commiited offences under the influence of alcohol (as compared to 25,0% in the control group) had as children suffered from serious diseases that affected their psycho-physical development, organic lesions or diseases of the central nervous system, or slight or minor degrees of mental deficiency; ‒ 7,0% of the boys who committed offences under the influence of alcohol did not go to school despite the fact that education is compulsory at their age (control group – 2%), and 58,0% (70,7% of those who did go to school) were educationally retarded by one to four years (control group – 51,0% that is 52,6% of the school-goers); The degree of social maladjustment was much higher in the boys who committed offences under the influence of alcohol: ‒ nearly a half of juveniles in that group were recidivists (44,0%, as compared to as few as 7,0% in the control group); ‒ 65,0% of the boys who drank (that is, by about one-third more than among all juvenile delinqents) were cigarette smokers, and had started smoking long before their first contacts with alcohol; ‒ although the number of juveniles who ran away from home was similar in both groups, those who committed offences under the influence of alcohol did that more often and frequently drank alcohol while vagrant; ‒ 85,0% of boys in the first group (by about 20,0% more than among all juvenile delinquents) used to run the streets unsupervised, 79,0% with demoralized friends: ‒ as few as 5,0% of juveniles who committed offences under the infleunce of alcohol showed no symptoms of social maladjustment, other than those offences (23,0% among all juvenile delinquents), and at least three such symptoms were found in 69,0% (45,0% among all juvenile delinquents). In sum, the group of boys who had committed offences under the influence of alcohol in childhood was in many respects „worse'', and frequently much „worse'' than the control group selected from among all juvenile delinquents. Such boys would prove worse still were they compared with a representative sample of all Poles born in 1959. The facts discussed above prove the truth of the statement that juveniles who commit offences under the influences of alcohol are a high risk group compared to properly socialized young persons. They should therefore be submitted to special care by the competent agencies, including in particular family courts; however, no evidence of such care could be found in the study.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 1992, XVIII; 183-211
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Odpowiedzialność nieletnich za czyny z art. 10 § 2 k.k. przed sądem rodzinnym i przed sądem karnym
Analysis of proceedings in criminal courts and in juvenile courts in selected cases of criminal deeds committed by perpetrators between15 and17 years
Autorzy:: Czarnecka-Dzialuk, Beata
Drapała, Katarzyna
Więcek-Durańska, Anna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699015.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: przestępczość nieletnich
polityka sądów rodzinnych
polityka kryminalna
poważna przestępczość nieletnich
juvenile perpetrators
criminal court
demoralized
Opis:: The article describes results of research made in Instytut Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości (Institute of Justice) which aimed to specify factors and circumstances influencing tougher penalties for wrongful deeds committed by persons between 15 and 16 years old and to draft a profile of juvenile perpetrators of most dangerous criminal deeds. 292 cases were analysed, of which 71 in criminal courts and 221 in family courts . Cases concerned wrongful deeds under article 10 paragraph 3 of criminal code as of 2004-2008. 375 juvenile perpetrators were studied, of which 134 cases were judged in care and education proceedings, 114 cases in correctional proceedings, and 82 juvenile delinquents were tried in a criminal court. The file research questionnaire included seven parts to examine: the wrongful deed and circumstances of its commitment, characteristics of the juvenile delinquent, information about the injured persons, the course of the preparatory proceedings, proceedings before the court, and the sentenced measures and appeal against them. Information obtained from the research allowed for numerous conclusions. Most of all, it allowed to evaluate the practice of sentencing in cases of juvenile perpetrators of most serious crimes, in particular to evaluate the possibility to sentence the juvenile delinquent under article 10 paragraph 2 of the criminal code. In general, this evaluation is positive. It also appeared that the policy of exceptional penal measures for under age persons has remained the same in the recent years. The cases are not numerous, just as they were not in the past, which supports the idea that possibility of bringing juvenile delinquents to the criminal court is used rather cautiously and as an exception to the rule, in cases of the most drastic character and committed by more demoralized young persons who committed crimes under influence of alcohol, used violence, and dangerous tools. The juvenile who were tried in criminal courts, more often than ones who were tried in family courts, cooperated with adults and acted to the detriment of adults (they caused death of the victim in one fifth of cases ). More of them had been tried in family courts, and educational or correctional measures had failed. In 95% of the cases tried in crim-inal courts the researchers were convinced of the rightness of such method of treatment, and only in few cases tried in family courts there were doubts if not using the article 10 paragraph 2 of criminal code was right because of definitely negative prediction and serious character of the wrongful deed. Assessment if decision was right was difficult as information in the court files were laconic and sporadically even lacked sufficient personal information – particularly in cases qualified for care and education proceedings.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 2012, XXXIV; 275-365
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Emotional accessibility of perpetrators of domestic abuse and sense of security in the context of sexual l1ife
Autorzy:: Bartoszewski, Jakub
Kowalik, Krzysztof
Miastkowska, Bożena
Smagaj, Karolina
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398101.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021-06-01
Wydawca:: Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Koninie. Wydawnictwo
Tematy:: family abuse
perpetrators
emotional states
narrative
sex life
sense of security
self-assessment
control
penitentiary system
Opis:: The study reported in this paper deals with the issue of self-assessment of the sexual life of offenders convicted of a crime involving use of domestic violence (Polish Penal Code, §207), accounting for the role of emotional accessibility as an element of the sense of security. The study was conducted on a group of 1 The research was carried out as part of an individual inter-university project entitled “Sexuality of Prisoners”. The research was not sponsored.
Źródło:: Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne; 2021, 7, 2; 137-153
2391-8632
Pojawia się w:: Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:: MEN, MASCULINITIES AND PHYSICAL VIOLENCE IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE
Autorzy:: Wojnicka, Katarzyna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647036.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Tematy:: physical violence, domestic violence, hegemonic masculinity, subordinated masculinities, male victims, perpetrators, men-to-men violence, Europe
Opis:: The aim of the paper is to present and analyse the intersection between men, masculinities and physical violence in the comparative, European dimension as this issue is still too rarely raised in the existing literature dealing with issues on both violence, and men and masculinities. The presented findings result to a large extent from research conducted by an international team of researchers within the PROGRESS The Role of Men in Gender Equality project (2011–2012). The paper presents analysis regarding connections between perpetration of violence and the character of traditional, hegemonic masculinity; data on the scale and types of violence perpetrated and experienced by men from different European countries; analysis of the position of men as a victims of (physical) violence; and a presentation of the forms of men’s (social) activism against (male) violence.
Źródło:: Studia Humanistyczne AGH; 2015, 14, 2
2084-3364
Pojawia się w:: Studia Humanistyczne AGH
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Etyczne aspekty badania przemocy seksualnej
Ethical aspects of sexual violence research
Autorzy:: Izdebski, Zbigniew
Łukaszek, Maria
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201209.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Fundacja Dajemy Dzieciom Siłę
Tematy:: etyka badań
przemoc seksualna
ofiary
sprawcy przemocy seksualnej
research ethics
sexual violence
victims
sexual violence perpetrators
Opis:: Artykuł odnosi się do etyki badań przemocy seksualnej. Zagadnienia te ujęte są w różnych kodeksach, ale ich rozproszenie oraz kierowanie do poszczególnych grup zawodowych powoduje brak szerszego ujęcia problemu. Stwierdzono, że nieetyczne jest rezygnowanie z podejmowania badań dotyczących przemocy seksualnej, ponieważ brak wniosków z rzetelnych diagnoz uniemożliwia niesienie skutecznej pomocy. Nieetyczne jest także realizowanie badań bez dokładnego respektowania zasad etycznych. Należy dołożyć wszelkich starań, aby osoby badane czuły się traktowane podmiotowo: udzielić pełnej i prawdziwej informacji o badaniu (celach, przedmiocie, przebiegu, zagrożeniach), zadbać o dobrowolną oraz świadomą zgodę, zagwarantować anonimowość badanych i poufność wypowiedzi, a także minimalizować ryzyko negatywnych skutków badania. Trzeba dążyć do osiągnięcia przez badanych korzyści: przerwania przemocy, uzyskania dostępu do informacji i interwencji. Organizujący badania są odpowiedzialni za współpracowników. Koniecznością jest przeprowadzenie selekcji kandydatów według przygotowania merytorycznego i kompetencji społecznych. Niezbędne jest stałe monitorowanie procesu badawczego i udzielanie wsparcia merytorycznego oraz psychologicznego ankieterom. Publikacja wyników musi gwarantować anonimowość respondentów i klarowne przedstawienie wyników, aby były one właściwie zinterpretowane przez odbiorców. Rekomenduje się poddawanie projektów badawczych ocenie komisji etycznej.
The article describes the ethics of research on sexual violence. The aspects are studied upon in many codes, but due to the fact that they are dispersed in various articles and they are dedicated to particular professional groups, the problem is not studied on a greater scale. It was stated that it is unethical to give up research on sexual violence, as the lack of reliable research results prevents from bringing help. It is neither ethical to conduct research without respecting ethical rules. It is important to make effort to ensure participants that they are treated individually: they should be provided with full and true information concerning the research (its objectives, subject, course and risks); they should give their voluntary and conscious consent to participate; they should be assured of their anonymity and answers confidentiality; the risk of negative research consequences should be reduced to minimum. It is crucial to aim at positive research consequences - the end to violence, gaining access to information and prevention. Everyone who does research is responsible for their coworkers. It is indispensable to select candidates on the basis of their substantive preparation and social competences. It is also important to constantly monitor the research course and being supportive, including substantive and psychological help, towards research participants. The publication of results needs to guarantee respondents’ anonymity and clear way of presentation so that they are correctly interpreted by research audience. It is recommended to pass the research projects under the evaluation of ethics commissions.
Źródło:: Dziecko krzywdzone. Teoria, badania, praktyka; 2018, 17, 2; 117 - 146
1644-6526
Pojawia się w:: Dziecko krzywdzone. Teoria, badania, praktyka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:: Uwagi o przestępczości kobiet we Francji
OBSERVATIONS ON FEMALE CRIMINALITY IN FRANCE
Autorzy:: Brzezińska, Joanna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390360.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017-09-30
Wydawca:: Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:: przestępczość kobiet
kobiety-sprawczynie
tendencje kobiecej przestępczości
women’s crime
female-perpetrators
trends in female criminality
Opis:: The aim of this paper is to indicate characteristics of women’s crime in France. The study shows categories of criminal acts in which women demonstrate the highest criminal activity, i.e. murder of a partner, infanticide and many acts of violence (e.g. affray or damage to health). It is noticed that the number of female crimes with the use of violence is currently increasing drastically and aggression dominates in behaviours of the youngest female perpetrators. It has been determined that general tendencies for female crime are changing. The female perpetrators more and more frequently commit the most severe crimes, which in previous years were reserved solely for men, such as arms trafficking, drug smuggling or participation in organized criminal groups. It can be deduced that such prompt modification in female perpetrators’ behaviour results from social and economic changes that intensified in France in the several past decades.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest charakterystyka przestępczości kobiet we Francji. W opracowaniu wskazano te kategorie przestępstw, w których kobiety wykazują najwyższą aktywność kryminalną, a wśród nich zabójstwo partnera, zabójstwo dziecka oraz liczne akty przemocy (np. bójka lub uszczerbek na zdrowiu). Zauważono, że obecnie radykalnie wzrasta poziom przestępstw popełnianych przez kobiety z użyciem przemocy, a agresja dominuje już w zachowaniu najmłodszych sprawczyń. Ustalono także, że zmianie ulegają ogólne tendencje w przestępczości kobiecej. Sprawczynie coraz częściej realizują najpoważniejsze, zarezerwowane niegdyś wyłącznie dla mężczyzn, czyny zabronione, takie jak: handel bronią, przemyt narkotyków czy udział w zorganizowanych grupach przestępczych. Wydaje się, że tak zdecydowana modyfikacja postaw kobiet-sprawczyń stanowi rezultat przemian społeczno-gospodarczych, które od kilku dekad nasilają się we Francji.
Źródło:: Ius Novum; 2017, 11, 3; 88-101
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:: Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:: Pandemia w instytucji totalnej na przykładzie Krajowego Ośrodka Zapobiegania Zachowaniom Dyssocjalnym w Gostyninie
Autorzy:: Kukliński, Patryk
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48566428.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022-11-12
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:: total institution
National Centre for the Prevention of Antisocial Behaviour
post-penal detention
dangerous perpetrators
therapy
Opis:: The concept of a total institution was formulated by Erving Goffman in the early 1960s. The author defined it as a place of isolation from the society, whose bureaucratic and formalized structure distracts – with the support of the employed staff – the inmates from the society. The sociologist included into the group of total institutions psychiatric hospitals, prisons, nursing homes, as well as concentration camps, which met with criticism. He also noticed that the stay in the institution itself may generate inappropriate behaviour of the inmates, resulting from their detention. The concept, despite its shortcomings, remains valid until this day. In the 21st century there exist organizations that may be described as total institutions. An example is the National Centre for the Prevention of the Antisocial Behaviour in Gostynin, Poland, where people who pose a threat to the society are placed. The author of the article identifies the features that prove the totality of the aforementioned National Centre. He analyzes how certain legal deficiencies and bad practices in applying the law affect the disregard for the constitutional freedoms and rights of inmates and describes the difficulties in the functioning of this facility, which are also important from the perspective of the employees. He suggests solutions that could improve the functioning of the Centre and restore the minimum conditions for conducting the therapy.
Źródło:: Studia Iuridica; 2022, 91; 164-184
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:: Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:: Przestępczość i sprawcy przestępstw z użyciem agresji
Agressive Offences and their Perpetrators
Autorzy:: Wójcik, Dobrochna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698506.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1991
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: przestępczość
sprawcy przestępst
użycie agresji
statystyki sądowe
badania kryminologiczne
delinquency
perpetrators
aggressive offences
court statistics
criminological research
Opis:: The object of the paper is to show the trends of convictions for aggressive offences in Poland in the years 1972-1987 basing on court statistics, and to characterize this type of offences and their perpetrators. Moreover, basing on the findings of several Polish criminological studies, some of the factors have been indicated which may play an important part in the origin of aggressive offences. The main focus here is the problem of such offenders aggressiveness and their drinking habits, as the two factors are rather clearly connected with the discussed type of offences. Offences to be submitted to statistical analysis have been separated according to psychological and criminological criteria and not to the classification adopted in the Polish penal code. Thus only those offences from various chapters of the penal code have been taken into account where the facts of the given cases contained an explicit element of physical aggression against person or object, or of verbal aggression. Naturally, there is a great variety of acts which contain an element of aggression and are numbered among offences: they infringe different human values and interests from as vital as life and health to dignity, honour, or religious feelings. Also different is the seriousness of those acts (both misdemeanours and crimes being found among them), as well as the danger they create to the public weal, and the statutory penalties provided for them. Throughout the analysed period 1972–1987, the total number of convicted persons was relatively stable and amounted to the average of 150–160 thousand a year; it went down in 1977 and 1981–1984, only to increase again to the previous level in the years 1985–1987. Also the crime rate fluctuated similarly, amounting to 65–59 per 10,000, adult population, with the exception of 70.6 in 1972. In some years, the decrease of both the number of convictions and the crime rate can be explained with amnesty laws, while the increased number of convictions, in the years 1985–1987 resulted, among other things, from certain additional though temporary legal regulations introduced in that period (particularly from the Act of 1985 on special criminal responsibility). In the period under analysis, the proportion of persons convicted for aggressive offences amounted to about 40 per cent of the total number of convictions. At the same time, starting from 1975, a certain slight downward trend in the proportion of such convictions can be found, to as low as 35-36 per cent in the years 1979–1980, followed by an increase to the previous level. A certain decrease in the extent of convictions for aggressive offences can be explained partly with demographic changes. In the period under analysis, despite the general increase of the population aged 17 and more (by 12.9 per cent), the number of men aged 17–20 went down by about 35.5 per cent, and the same trend could be found in the case of men aged 21–24. It is a well-known fact that aggressive offences are committed mostly by young persons. Analysing the extent of aggressive offences from the point of view of the offenders’ sex and age, we find somewhat different trends in young adult as compared with adult men and women. Aggressive offences constitute about 60 per cent of all offences committed by young adult men, and 34–40 per cent of those of adult men. In the period under analysis, offences of this type committed by young adult men kept up the above level, fluctuations being greater in the case of adult men. In the structure of female crime, aggressive offences play a less significant role and constitute about 20 per cent in both age groups. There is also, as in the case of men, a distinct trend: stability of proportion of convictions of young adult women for such offences (about 20 per cent), and a distinct decrease in the case of adult women (from 23 to 12.6 per cent). Taking certain groups of offences as well as the separate acts into account, we find a considerable increase in the number of aggressive offences against property. It is determined mainly by the increase in the proportion of convictions for burglary and of particularly audacious larceny, and to a slight extent – for damage to property. Instead, proportions of convictions for robbery are rather stable. In the discussed period, robbery which contains an explicit element of aggression revealed no changes as regards the number of convictions: instead, upward trends could be found mainly in the case of burglary and of particularly audacious larceny where explicit aggressive traits can not always be found. Thus this finding corresponds but to some extent with the world trend. In the discussed period, a downward trend could be found as regards convictions for offences which involved physical and verbal aggression against person. Convictions for offences traditionally regarded as serious and dangerous for the public weal, such as murder or rape, remained at the same level, while those for bodily injury trended downwards. As has been mentioned above, the number of robberies, also included among serious offences, remained stable, the proportion of convictions for offences of this type arnong all convictions for aggressive acts being rathen low (murder, 0.5–07 per cent; rape, 2 per cent; robbery, 6.8 per cent). What should also be stressed is the decrease in convictions for participation in a brawl or battery, particularly in rural districts, and for assault on a public functionary or police officer, starting from 1978. Instead, convictions for physical or moral cruelty towards a family member maintain a rather high level with a slight upward trend. A regular increase it the number of convictions for that offence which dates from 1950s, is related to the trends in prosecuting and sentencing policy in family cases. The influence of the changes in criminal policy and legislation is also distinct in the case of convictions for violation of bodily inviolability, insult, and insult of a police officer which went down to begin with and then started increasing in numbers. The second part of the paper contains a discussion of the problem of conditions of aggressive crime. An attempt was made basing on the findings of criminological studies to answer the question whether most perpetrators of aggressive offences can be characterized as highly aggressive persons and excessive drinkers. The analysis concerned both the fact of repeated perpetration of aggressive offences, and the occurrence of aggressiveness as a permanent personality trait. As may be concluded from the studies of offences committed by different samples of young adults those in whose criminal career was at least one aggressive offence (c.g.) robbery, hooligan act, homicide) were more frequently than others convicted for aggressive offences. Thus the question should be answered whether most of the perpetrators of aggressive acts are characterized by distinct aggressiveness as a permanent personality trait. One can hardly suppose in this connection that a single aggressive offence might constitute a sufficient proof of the offendner’s aggressiveness. If, however one and the same person repeatedly commits aggressive offences, he might be an aggressive individual. A person has been defined as aggressive who reveals aggressive behaviour or a decidedly hostile attitude towards many persons in different situations. It has been found basing on psychological examination with the Buss- Durkee questionnaire and detailed data from interviews (which the authoress used to construct scales of aggressiveness), that most perpetrators of aggressive offences are characterized by a considerable aggressiveness as a relatively stable personality trait. Moreover, aggressiveness measured this way is a significantly less frequent characteristic of young adult offenders against property, and of non-delinquent youth. The above findings contribute but to some extent to the explanation of the nature of aggressive crime, as aggressiveness of offenders should be considered in connection with many other factors which exert a mutual influence on one another and jointly determine a criminal act in a given situation. In studies of various samples of aggressive offenders, their considerable excessive drinking was found. The issues under analysis included, among other things, the role of drinking in the origin of aggressive crime, alcohol’s direct as well as indirect influence on criminal behaviour taken into account. It was arqued that the offender’s intoxication plays a greater part in the origin of aggressive crime than of offences against property. Also the interdependence between aggressiveness and excessive drinking. As shown by the findings (among other things, of studies of young adult perpetrators or robbery and hooligan acts), excessive drinkers revealed intense aggressive behaviour significantly more often than those who did not drink excessively; moreover, such behaviour was found already at school which means that those persons were already aggressive as children, before they developed excessive drinking habits. Theorefore, their subsequent regular drinking could have been related to emotional instability with which also their aggressiveness was connected. They could have seeked relief of their emotional tension in excessive drinking. Also aggressive behaviour served to abreact that tension. To conclude, it should be stated that the perpetrators of aggressive acts, as opposed to those who commit mostly offences against property, are highly aggressive as a rule. Most of them also regularly drink excessively. Though they were not found to be significantly different in this respect from offenders on the whole, nevertheless alcohol no doubt plays an important part in most of their aggressive acts. In a given situation, their excessive drinking habits, intoxication at the moment of the act, or aggressiveness caused or intensified their already existing serious conflicts with the environment, influenced their distorted perception and interpretation of the reality, and facilitated an impulsive reaction to casual misunderstandings, and could therefore contribute to the emergence of aggressive acts qualified as offences.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 1991, XVII; 75-115
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:: Dialéctica víctima-perpetrador como causación de la novela Con sangre de hermanos
Victim-perpetrador dialectics as causation in the novel Con sangre de hermanos
Autorzy:: Nani, David Francisco
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1491718.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021-06-30
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:: perpetradores
guerras civiles nicaragüenses
FSLN
violencia política
dictaduras
trauma
comunismo
perpetrators
Nicaraguan civil wars
political violence
dictatorships
communism
Opis:: Este escrito trata acerca de la novela Con sangre de hermanos. Demuestra cómo los personajes primero son profundamente afectados por la represión de la Guardia Nacional somocista. Luego ellos afrontan los traumas y las disociaciones de una forma no ética: asesinando y persiguiendo a los miembros de la oposición. Más aun, los sandinistas parecen anuentes a ser “zonas grises” y a sacrificarse a sí mismos por el partido izquierdista. Culmina el escrito con un FSLN (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional) alimentado por los crímenes y las traiciones contra sus propios miembros. En conclusión, tenemos que el libro se estructura como una novela de perpetradores.
This paper deals with the novel Con sangre de hermanos. It demonstrates how the characters firstly become deeply affected by Somoza’s National Guard repression. Then they cope with those traumas and dissociations in an unethical way: killing and persecuting opposition members. Moreover, Sandinistas look able to be in the “grey area” and to sacrifice themselves for the leftist party. It ends up with an FSLN (Sandinista National Liberation Front) strengthened by the crimes and betrayals to its own members. It concludes that this book has been structured as a perpetrator novel.
Źródło:: Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review; 2021, 27; 133-157
1641-4713
Pojawia się w:: Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Krótkie rozmowy o zabijaniu, albo mówiona historia pogranicza
Short conversations about killing, or oral history of the borderland
Autorzy:: Wylegała, Anna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31803959.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Ośrodek Pamięć i Przyszłość
Tematy:: Eastern Galicia
Holocaust
ethnic cleansing
neighbour-on-neighbour violence
perpetrators
Galicja Wschodnia
Holokaust
czystka etniczna
przemoc sąsiedzka
sprawcy
Opis:: Niniejszy tekst dotyczy tego, w jaki sposób mieszkańcy (niegdyś) wieloetnicznych terenów mówią o przemocy, która doprowadziła do zniknięcia z ich otoczenia sąsiadów innej narodowości, a której sprawcami byli przedstawiciele ich własnej grupy etnicznej. Analizuję wywiady przeprowadzone przeze mnie i mój zespół w Galicji Wschodniej w latach 2017–2019 i przyglądam się temu, co i jak mówią o mordowaniu podczas II wojny światowej Polaków i Żydów ich niegdysiejsi ukraińscy sąsiedzi. Jak bardzo są w ogóle skłonni poruszać te kwestie? Czy da się ich do tego skłonić? Jeśli już mówią, czy w ich narracji pojawiają się strategie obronne? Czy narracje o przemocy wobec Polaków i Żydów się różnią?
This text is about how residents of (formerly) multi-ethnic areas talk about the violence that led to the disappearance from their communities of neighbours of other ethnicities, the perpetrators of which were members of their own ethnic group. I analyse the interviews I conducted with my team in Eastern Galicia in 2017–2019, and I look at what their erstwhile Ukrainian neighbours say and how they discuss the murder of Poles and Jews during the Second World War. How willing are they to raise these issues at all? Can they be persuaded to do so? If they are willing to speak, do defensive strategies appear in their narratives?Do narratives of violence against Poles and Jews differ?
Źródło:: Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej; 2022, 12; 8-29
2719-7522
2084-0578
Pojawia się w:: Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Stan psychiczny kierowców – sprawców wypadków drogowych
Mental health status of drivers – Motor vehicle accidents perpetrators
Autorzy:: Merecz-Kot, Dorota
Waszkowska, Małgorzata
Wężyk, Agata
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164439.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015-09-25
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:: zdrowie psychiczne
PTSD
wypadki drogowe
sprawcy
bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
kierowcy
Mental Health
motor-vehicle accidents
perpetrators
road safety
drivers
Opis:: Wstęp W prezentowanym artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad konsekwencjami psychologicznymi uczestnictwa w wypadku drogowym u jego sprawców. Poszukiwano odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: jakie są bezpośrednie reakcje sprawców na wypadek drogowy, czy u sprawców wypadków drogowych występują objawy zaburzenia po stresie traumatycznym (post-traumatic stress disorder – PTSD) i co różnicuje osoby o wysokim nasileniu symptomów PTSD od osób o niskim nasileniu tego stresu? Materiał i metody W badaniu wykorzystano Kwestionariusz do badania zaburzenia po stresie traumatycznym (K-PTSD) i ankietę pozwalającą uzyskać informacje na temat charakteru wypadku, deklarowanych przyczyn wypadku, bezpośrednich reakcji na wypadek oraz cech demograficznych badanych. Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 209 sprawców wypadków drogowych, w czasie nie krótszym niż miesiąc od wypadku. Wyniki Jedna trzecia badanych zadeklarowała, że tuż po wypadku nie doświadczała żadnych fizjologicznych reakcji na niego. Czterdzieści sześć procent osób doświadczyło takich stanów jak drżenie całego ciała lub kończyn, a około 30% płakało lub miało łzy w oczach na miejscu zdarzenia. Współczucie dla ofiar, poczucie winy, bezradności i strach były najpowszechniejszymi doznaniami ze wszystkich badanych bezpośrednich reakcji na wypadek. W dniu badania psychologicznego u 11,2% sprawców wypadku można było rozpoznać PTSD zgodnie z kryteriami DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth edition – Diagnostyczny i statystyczny podręcznik zaburzeń psychicznych, wydanie 4). Osób o wysokim i niskim natężeniu symptomów PTSD nie różniły wiek, wykształcenie ani subiektywne postrzeganie przyczyn wypadku. Z kolei wśród osób z rozpoznanym PTSD istotnie częściej występowały kobiety. Wnioski Wyniki badania wskazują na konieczność wprowadzenia monitoringu stanu zdrowia psychicznego u kierowców uczestniczących w poważnych wypadkach drogowych jako części strategii poprawy bezpieczeństwa na drogach. Med. Pr. 2015;66(4):525–538
Background This study aimed at exploring the phenomenon of motor vehicle accidents (MVA). The following research questions were addressed: what are the immediate reactions to accidents among MVA perpetrators, do MVA perpetrators develop posttraumatic stress symptoms, and what are the differences between high and low symptomatic signs in terms of socio-demographics and accident features? Material and Methods Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) questionnaire by Watson et al. in the Polish adaptation was applied to assess PTSD and its subclinical symptoms. The information on the MVA nature, declared MVA causes, drivers’ reactions after MVA, as well as on the age, education and history of driving in the study group was collected. The results of psychological examination obtained from 209 MVA perpetrators were analyzed. The examination took place at least 1 month after the accident. Results In 1/3 of the study group no physiological reactions were observed directly after the accident, while 46% of respondents experienced trembling and shaking and about 30% of subjects were crying or having tears in their eyes. Compassion for the injured and victims, guilt, helplessness and fear were the most common among immediate psychological reactions related to the accident. On the day of psychological examination 11.2% of drivers met diagnostic criteria for PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth edition (DSM-IV). Drivers showing low and high PTSD symptoms did not differ in terms of age, education, and subjective perception of accident cause. Women were significantly overrepresented it the group meeting the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Conclusions The results of the study indicate the need to carry on systematic screening for mental health problems in drivers involved in serious MVA as a part of strategy for improving road safety. Med Pr 2015;66(4):525–538
Źródło:: Medycyna Pracy; 2015, 66, 4; 525-538
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:: Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Jakość życia u kobiet i dzieci, które padły ofiarą przemocy w rodzinie.
Quality of life in women and children who are victims of domestic violence.
Autorzy:: Mirski, Andrzej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/527434.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:: Violence in the family
quality of life
PTSD
anxiety and depressive disorders
corrective – educational program for perpetrators of violence
Opis:: The purpose of this article is to tackle the problem of quality of life in people who have been victims of domestic violence, especially women and children, because the study focus on these groups. Of course, there is also domestic violence against men, which is equally dangerous. In the article domestic violence has been defined from a scientific point of view and discussed both the effects of domestic violence and mental health problems resulting from violence (especially PTSD, anxiety, and depressive disorders). The article discusses the quality of life in people who have suffered domestic violence and how to improve it. Finally, a schedule of corrective – educational program for perpetrators of violence was presented and its assessment and survey on the attitudes of participants finalized the program, the usefulness of acquired knowledge and its impact on behavior. The article shows that appropriate therapeutic intervention, combined with effective social support, as well as directing interventions in relation to people using violence is the chance to help victims of violence by improving their quality of life.
Źródło:: Państwo i Społeczeństwo; 2015, 4; 89-109
1643-8299
2451-0858
Pojawia się w:: Państwo i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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