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Tytuł:
Badania wpływu wstępnego odgazowania wody na usuwanie azotanów w procesie denitryfikacji siarkowej
On the contribution of deaeration on the removal of nitrates by sulphur denitrification
Autorzy:
Hiszpańska, A.
Małek, R.
Apolinarski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/237558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych
Tematy:
oczyszczanie wód
odgazowanie wody
usuwanie azotanów
denitryfikacja biologiczna
denitryfikacja siarkowa
Opis:
The removal of nitrates from water via sulphur denitrification on sulphur-limestone beds was investigated by laboratory tests. The efficiency of the process was related to various loading of the bed and varying time of water/bed contact. Particular consideration was given to the influence of deaeration on the treatment effects and on the quality of the water leaving the treatment system. Comparisons were made for treatment efficiencies obtained with and without vacuum deaeration, and with the use of chemical deoxidizers. No clear relationship was found to occur between oxygen concentration (up to 3 gO2/m[3] ) in the feed water and the efficiency of the sulphur denitrification process. The removal efficiency for nitrates remained high (90 to 98%) even after the value of 3 gO2/m[3] had been exceeded. There was a distinct correlation between the efficiency of coloured matter and turbidity removal and the application of pretreatment. Colour and turbidity of the treated water were the highest when the raw water was not pretreated by deaeration. Pretreatment by deaeration had a favourable effect also on the bacteriological quality of the treated water.
Źródło:
Ochrona Środowiska; 2001, 4; 41-43
1230-6169
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model matematyczny wytwarzania biogazu w składowiskach odpadów
Preliminary analysis of landfill gas production - a mathematical model
Autorzy:
Wandrasz, J.
Landrat, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/237586.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych
Tematy:
składowiska odpadów
biogaz
wytwarzanie biogazu
odgazowanie składowisk odpadów
model matematyczny
Opis:
There is an urgent need for landfill gas models able either to forecast the yield and production rate of the biogas or to evaluate potential gas migration and related problems. Depending on the approach, different classifications of the models are possible. However, a comparison of theoretical and in-situ data reveals great inconsistencies: theoretical values are generally higher than the practical possibilities of collection. There are two major factors contributing to that discrepancy: the non-homogeneity of municipal solid wastes and the unsteadiness of biogas generation. The implementation of some diverse mathematical models (their general assumptions are presented in the paper) may eliminate such problems.
Źródło:
Ochrona Środowiska; 2002, 2; 13-16
1230-6169
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of gassing-up operation based on comparative analysis of two twin ethylene carriers
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, A.
Giernalczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
gassing-up
gas mixing
ethylene
nitrogen
odgazowanie
mieszanie gazu
etylen
azot
Opis:
The article consists comparative analysis of the gassing-up operation – purging cargo tanks with cargo vapour, on gas carriers carrying primarily Ethylene – one of the most expensive cargo of all hydrocarbons carrying by the sea. The source of the problem constitutes similar densities of both gases under specific conditions – Ethylene and Nitrogen – a gas that tanks are purged before gassing-up. The analysis is made for considerable optimization of the process. The comparison of gassing-up methods is based on tests and measurements on two particular twin gas carriers. In both cases different methods – parallel and cascade were chosen to do the gassing-up (parallel means to purge tanks separately at the same time, cascade means to purge tanks one after the other) what allows specifying beneficial procedure. What was estimated during voyages were technical parameters measured during gassing-up, time of the process and the most important information – loss of the cargo. Analysis of particular stages of the operation also allows estimate the level of gas mixing in the tank. The basic purpose of this profile, based on Ethylene loss, is selecting alternative for carrying this operation in more efficient way, what constitutes determining the most proper method of gassing-up – parallel or cascade and setting temperatures, pressures, mass flows which minimize vapour of Ethylene vented to the atmosphere.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 441-446
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physical Modelling of the Steel Flow in RH Apparatus
Modelowanie fizyczne przepływu stali w urządzeniu RH
Autorzy:
Pieprzyca, J.
Merder, T.
Saternus, M.
Michalek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steel
vacuum degassing
RH apparatus
physical modelling
stal
odgazowanie próżniowe
urządzenie RH
modelowanie fizyczne
Opis:
he efficiency of vacuum steel degassing using RH methods depends on many factors. One of the most important are hydrodynamic processes occurring in the ladle and vacuum chamber. It is always hard and expensive to determine the flow character and the way of steel mixing in industrial unit; thus in this case, methods of physical modelling are applied. The article presents the results of research carried out on the water physical model of RH apparatus concerning the influence of the flux value of inert gas introduced through the suck legs on hydrodynamic conditions of the process. Results of the research have visualization character and are presented graphically as a RTD curves. The main aim of such research is to optimize the industrial vacuum steel degassing process by means of RH method.
Skuteczność procesu próżniowego odgazowania stali metodą RH zależy od wielu czynników. Jednym z ważniejszych są procesy hydrodynamiczne zachodzące w kadzi stalowniczej i komorze próżniowej. Określenie sposobu przepływu i mieszania się stali w urządzeniu przemysłowym jest bardzo trudne i kosztowne. W związku z tym do tego celu wykorzystuje się m. in. metody modelowania fizycznego. W artykule przedstawiono rezultaty badań przeprowadzonych na wodnym modelu fizycznym urządzenia RH, dotyczące wpływu wartości strumienia gazu obojętnego wprowadzanego przez dysze króćca ssącego na warunki hydrodynamiczne procesu. Wyniki badań mają charakter wizualizacji oraz przedstawione zostały w postaci krzywych retencji RTD. Cel tego typu badań związany jest z optymalizacją przemysłowego procesu próżniowego odgazowania stali metodą RH.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 3A; 1859-1863
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drilling works for degasation purposes in the conditions of green gas DPB, a.s.
Prace wiertnicze prowadzone w celu odgazowania kopalń w warunkach zakładu Green Gas DPB, a.s.
Autorzy:
Mazac, J.
Janku, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/300111.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
odgazowanie
otwory wiertnicze
rury okładzinowe
przewód wiertniczy
przodek węglowy
degasation
borehole
casing
drill string
coalface
Opis:
"Degasation" is one of the terms which was a part of the name of a specialized organization introduced in 1960 in the Ostrava-Karvina mining district for the purpose of ensuring the security of the coal mining works' realization in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian hard coal basin. The Degassing and Drainage Plant (the original name of today's Green Gas DPB, a.s.) has thus already been dealing with borehole degassing-related activities for 48 years.
"Odgazowanie" jest częścią nazwy specjalistycznej firmy powołanej do życia w 1960 r. w Okręgu Górnicznym Ostrava-Karvina w celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa realizacji prac górniczych w czeskiej części Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego. W Zakładzie Odgazowania i Drenażu (pierwotna nazwa obecnego Green Gas DPB, a.s.) od 48 lat prowadzi się odgazowanie otworów wiertniczych.
Źródło:
Wiertnictwo, Nafta, Gaz; 2008, 25, 2; 517-522
1507-0042
Pojawia się w:
Wiertnictwo, Nafta, Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gas Blowing Ultrasonic Aluminium Degassing Assessment with the Reduced Pressure Test (RPT) Method
Autorzy:
Galarraga, H.
de Cortazar, M. G.
Arregi, E.
Artola, A.
Oncala, J. L.
Merchan, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/946877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
aluminium alloys
porosity in castings
degassing
ultrasonic
RPT method
stopy aluminium
porowatość odlewów
odgazowanie
ultradźwięki
Opis:
Entrapped gases, solidification shrinkage and non-metallic compound formation are main sources of porosity in aluminium alloy castings. Porosity is detrimental to the mechanical properties of these castings; therefore, its reduction is pursued. Rotary degassing is the method mostly employed in industry to remove dissolved gases from aluminium melts, reducing porosity formation during solidification of the cast part. Recently, ultrasonic degassing has emerged as a promising alternative thanks to a lower dross formation and higher energy efficiency. This work aims to evaluate the efficiency of the ultrasonic degasser and compare it to a conventional rotary degassing technique applied to an AlSi10Mg alloy. Degassing efficiency was evaluated employing the reduced pressure test (RPT), where samples solidified under reduced pressure conditions are analysed. Factors affecting RPT were considered and temperature parameters for the test were established. The influence of ultrasonic degassing process parameters, such as degassing treatment duration and purging gas flow rate were studied, as well as treated aluminium volume and oxide content. Finally, ultrasonic degassing process was contrasted to a conventional rotary degassing technique, comparing their efficiency.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 2; 111-117
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Instalacja półtechniczna do odgazowania paliw stałych w złożu stacjonarnym
Semi technical installation for solid fuels devolatilization (fix bed reactor)
Autorzy:
Chwoła, T.
Winkler, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
AXIS MEDIA
Tematy:
instalacja półtechniczna
odgazowanie
paliwo stałe
złoże stacjonarne
semi technical installation
degassing
solid fuel
fixed bed
Opis:
Doświadczalne instalacje odgazowania paliw stałych wykorzystywane są w wielu krajach w badaniach procesu odgazowania. Najbardziej znaną i rozpowszechnioną technologią odgazowania paliw jest proces koksowania węgla. Na podstawie oceny jakości koksów otrzymanych w wyniku doświadczalnego koksowania mieszanek węglowych, możliwe jest prognozowanie parametrów jakościowych koksu produkowanego w warunkach przemysłowych. W publikacji przedstawiono charakterystykę oraz możliwości wykorzystania doświadczalnej instalacji odgazowania paliw stałych w złożu stacjonarnym w obszarze badań związanych z procesem pirolizy paliw stałych.
Experimental installations to investigation of devolatilization process exist in many countries. The most known and prevalent devolatilization technology is coal coking process. Based on the quality parameters related to properties of coke obtained from coal blends coking, it is possible to predict the coke quality produced in industrial- scale chambers. This paper presents characteristic of experimental installation for solid fuels devolatilization (fixed bed reactor) and possibility for application this installation to investigate solid fuels pyrolysis.
Źródło:
Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły; 2014, 11-12; 15-20
2082-9833
Pojawia się w:
Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Spent Moulding Sands with Binders of Various Thermal Degradations, in an Aspect of a Possibility of a Directional Mould Degassing
Autorzy:
Łucarz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
moulding sand
thermal analysis
organic binder
degassing
ignition loss
masa formierska
analiza termiczna
spoiwo organiczne
odgazowanie
Opis:
The results of investigations of spent moulding sands taken from the mould in which the metal core cooling system - to increase the cooling rate of the ladle casting - was applied, are presented in the hereby paper. The changes of the spent moulding sand at the casting external side being the result of degradation and destruction processes of organic binder, were analysed in this publication. Since the reclaimed material, obtained as a result of the mechanical reclamation of spent sands of the same type, is used as a grain matrix of the moulding sand, the amount of a binder left from the previous technological cycle is essential for the sound castings production. On the bases of investigations of the thermal analysis, ignition losses, dusts contents and pH values of the samples taken from the spent sand the conditions under which the process of gases displacing in the casting mould was realised as well as factors limiting the efficient mould degassing - were considered in this study. The possible reason of a periodical occurrence of an increased number of casting defects due to changing gas volume emission, being the reason of the realised technological process, was indicated.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 21-26
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling of heat and mass transfer during thermal decomposition of a single solid fuel particle
Autorzy:
Wardach-Święcicka, I.
Kardaś, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fuel particles
devolatilization
pyrolysis
heat and mass transfer
ziarna paliwa
odgazowanie
piroliza
wymiana ciepła i masy
Opis:
The aim of this work was to investigate the heat and mass transfer during thermal decomposition of a single solid fuel particle. The problem regards the pyrolysis process which occurs in the absence of oxygen in the first stage of fuel oxidation. Moreover, the mass transfer during heating of the solid fuels is the basic phenomenon in the pyrolysis-derived alternative fuels (gas, liquid and solid phase) and in the gasification process which is focused on the generation of syngas (gas phase) and char (solid phase). Numerical simulations concern pyrolysis process of a single solid particle which occurs as a consequence of the particle temperature increase. The research was aimed at an analysis of the influence of particle physical properties on the devolatilization process. In the mathematical modeling the fuel grain is treated as an ideal sphere which consists of porous material (solid and gaseous phase), so as to simplify the final form of the partial differential equations. Assumption that the physical properties change only in the radial direction, reduces the partial derivatives of the angular coordinates. This leads to obtaining the equations which are only the functions of the radial coordinate. The model consists of the mass, momentum and energy equations for porous spherical solid particle heated by the stream of hot gas. The mass source term was determined in the wide range of the temperature according to the experimental data. The devolatilization rate was defined by the Arrhenius formula. The results of numerical simulation show that the heating and devolatilization time strongly depend on the physical properties of fuel. Moreover, proposed model allows to determine the pyrolysis process direction, which is limited by the equilibrium state.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 2; 53-71
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Degassing Treatment on the Interfacial Reaction of Molten Aluminum and Solid Steel
Autorzy:
Triyono, T.
Muhayat, N.
Supriyanto, A.
Lutiyatmi, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
degassing treatment
crucible furnaces
intermetallic compounds
molten aluminum
steel
odgazowanie
piec tyglowy
związki międzymetaliczne
płynne aluminium
stal
Opis:
The gas porosity is one of the most serious problems in the casting of aluminum. There are several degassing methods that have been studied. During smelting of aluminum, the intermetallic compound (IMC) may be formed at the interface between molten aluminum and solid steel of crucible furnace lining. In this study, the effect of degassing treatment on the formations of IMC has been investigated. The rectangular substrate specimens were immersed in a molten aluminum bath. The holding times of the substrate immersions were in the range from 300 s to 1500 s. Two degassing treatments, argon degassing and hexachloroethane tablet degassing, were conducted to investigate their effect on the IMC formation. The IMC was examined under scanning electron microscope with EDX attachment. The thickness of the IMC layer increased with increasing immersion time for all treatments. Due to the high content of hydrogen, substrate specimens immersed in molten aluminum without degasser had IMC layer which was thicker than others. Argon degassing treatment was more effective than tablet degassing to reduce the IMC growth. Furthermore, the hard and brittle phase of IMC, FeAl3, was formed dominantly in specimens immersed for 900 s without degasser while in argon and tablet degasser specimens, it was formed partially.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 227-239
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 16

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