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    Tytuł:
    Iterated neighborhood graphs
    Autorzy:
    Sonntag, Martin
    Teichert, Hanns-Martin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743216.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    neighborhood graph
    2-step graph
    neighborhood completeness number
    Opis:
    The neighborhood graph N(G) of a simple undirected graph G = (V,E) is the graph $(V,E_N)$ where $E_N$ = {{a,b} | a ≠ b, {x,a} ∈ E and {x,b} ∈ E for some x ∈ V}. It is well-known that the neighborhood graph N(G) is connected if and only if the graph G is connected and non-bipartite.
    We present some results concerning the k-iterated neighborhood graph $N^k(G) : = N(N(...N(G)))$ of G. In particular we investigate conditions for G and k such that $N^k(G)$ becomes a complete graph.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2012, 32, 3; 403-417
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Path-Neighborhood Graphs
    Autorzy:
    Laskar, R.C.
    Mulder, Henry Martyn
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30098149.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    path-neighborhood graph
    outerplanar graph
    MOP
    snake
    3- sun
    k-fun
    Opis:
    A path-neighborhood graph is a connected graph in which every neighborhood induces a path. In the main results the 3-sun-free path-neighborhood graphs are characterized. The 3-sun is obtained from a 6-cycle by adding three chords between the three pairs of vertices at distance 2. A $ P_k $-graph is a path-neighborhood graph in which every neighborhood is a $ P_k $, where $ P_k $ is the path on $ k $ vertices. The $ P_k $-graphs are characterized for $ k \leq 4 $.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2013, 33, 4; 731-745
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Graph Operations and Neighborhood Polynomials
    Autorzy:
    Alipour, Maryam
    Tittmann, Peter
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32083862.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-08-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    neighborhood complex
    neighborhood polynomial
    domination polynomial
    graph operations
    graph degeneracy
    Opis:
    The neighborhood polynomial of graph G is the generating function for the number of vertex subsets of G of which the vertices have a common neighbor in G. In this paper, we investigate the behavior of this polynomial under several graph operations. Specifically, we provide an explicit formula for the neighborhood polynomial of the graph obtained from a given graph G by vertex attachment. We use this result to propose a recursive algorithm for the calculation of the neighborhood polynomial. Finally, we prove that the neighborhood polynomial can be found in polynomial-time in the class of k-degenerate graphs.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2021, 41, 3; 697-711
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Graph Exponentiation and Neighborhood Reconstruction
    Autorzy:
    Hammack, Richard H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32083841.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-02-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    neighborhood reconstructible graphs
    graph exponentiation
    Opis:
    Any graph $G$ admits a neighborhood multiset \(\mathscr{N}(G) = \{N_G(x) | x ∈ V (G)\}\) whose elements are precisely the open neighborhoods of $G$. We say $G$ is neighborhood reconstructible if it can be reconstructed from \(\mathscr{N}(G)\), that is, if \(G ≅ H\) whenever \(\mathscr{N}(G) = \mathscr{N}(H)\) for some other graph $H$. This note characterizes neighborhood reconstructible graphs as those graphs $G$ that obey the exponential cancellation \(G^{K_2} ≅ H^{K_2} ⇒ G ≅ H\).
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2021, 41, 1; 335-339
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the structure of compact graphs
    Autorzy:
    Nikandish, R.
    Shaveisi, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/255638.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    compact graph
    vertex degree
    cycle
    neighborhood
    Opis:
    A simple graph G is called a compact graph if G contains no isolated vertices and for each pair x, y of non-adjacent vertices of G, there is a vertex z with N(x) ∪ N(y) ⊆ N(z), where N(v) is the neighborhood of v, for every vertex v of G. In this paper, compact graphs with sufficient number of edges are studied. Also, it is proved that every regular compact graph is strongly regular. Some results about cycles in compact graphs are proved, too. Among other results, it is proved that if the ascending chain condition holds for the set of neighbors of a compact graph G, then the descending chain condition holds for the set of neighbors of G.
    Źródło:
    Opuscula Mathematica; 2017, 37, 6; 875-886
    1232-9274
    2300-6919
    Pojawia się w:
    Opuscula Mathematica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Maxclique and unit disk characterizations of strongly chordal graphs
    Autorzy:
    Caria, Pablo De
    McKee, Terry A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30148683.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-08-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    chordal graph
    strongly chordal graph
    clique
    maxclique
    closed neighborhood
    Opis:
    Maxcliques (maximal complete subgraphs) and unit disks (closed neighborhoods of vertices) sometime play almost interchangeable roles in graph theory. For instance, interchanging them makes two existing characterizations of chordal graphs into two new characterizations. More intriguingly, these characterizations of chordal graphs can be naturally strengthened to new characterizations of strongly chordal graphs.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2014, 34, 3; 593-602
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Extension of several sufficient conditions for Hamiltonian graphs
    Autorzy:
    Ainouche, Ahmed
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/744192.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    hamiltonian graph
    dual closure
    neighborhood closure
    Opis:
    Let G be a 2-connected graph of order n. Suppose that for all 3-independent sets X in G, there exists a vertex u in X such that |N(X∖{u})|+d(u) ≥ n-1. Using the concept of dual closure, we prove that
    1. G is hamiltonian if and only if its 0-dual closure is either complete or the cycle C₇
    2. G is nonhamiltonian if and only if its 0-dual closure is either the graph $(K_r ∪ Kₛ ∪ Kₜ) ∨ K₂$, 1 ≤ r ≤ s ≤ t or the graph $((n+1)/2)K₁ ∨ K_{(n-1)/2}$.
    It follows that it takes a polynomial time to check the hamiltonicity or the nonhamiltonicity of a graph satisfying the above condition. From this main result we derive a large number of extensions of previous sufficient conditions for hamiltonian graphs. All these results are sharp.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2006, 26, 1; 23-39
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Describing Neighborhoods of 5-Vertices in 3-Polytopes with Minimum Degree 5 and Without Vertices of Degrees from 7 to 11
    Autorzy:
    Borodin, Oleg V.
    Ivanova, Anna O.
    Kazak, Olesya N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342287.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-08-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    planar graph
    structure properties
    3-polytope
    neighborhood
    Opis:
    In 1940, Lebesgue proved that every 3-polytope contains a 5-vertex for which the set of degrees of its neighbors is majorized by one of the following sequences: (6, 6, 7, 7, 7), (6, 6, 6, 7, 9), (6, 6, 6, 6, 11), (5, 6, 7, 7, 8), (5, 6, 6, 7, 12), (5, 6, 6, 8, 10), (5, 6, 6, 6, 17), (5, 5, 7, 7, 13), (5, 5, 7, 8, 10), (5, 5, 6, 7, 27), (5, 5, 6, 6, ∞), (5, 5, 6, 8, 15), (5, 5, 6, 9, 11), (5, 5, 5, 7, 41), (5, 5, 5, 8, 23), (5, 5, 5, 9, 17), (5, 5, 5, 10, 14), (5, 5, 5, 11, 13). In this paper we prove that every 3-polytope without vertices of degree from 7 to 11 contains a 5-vertex for which the set of degrees of its neighbors is majorized by one of the following sequences: (5, 5, 6, 6, ∞), (5, 6, 6, 6, 15), (6, 6, 6, 6, 6), where all parameters are tight.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2018, 38, 3; 615-625
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A note on possible density and diameter of countere xamples to the Seymour’s second neighborhood conjecture
    Autorzy:
    Zelenskiy, Oleksiy
    Darmosiuk, Valentyna
    Nalivayko, Illia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052069.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    graph theory
    Seymour’s second neighborhood conjecture
    density of graph
    diameter of graph
    Opis:
    Seymour’s second neighborhood conjecture states that every simple digraph without loops or 2-cycles contains a vertex whose second neighborhood is at least as large as its first. In this paper we show, that from falsity of Seymour’s second neighborhood conjecture it follows that there exist strongly-connected counterexamples with both low and high density (dense and sparse graph). Moreover, we show that if there is a counterexample to conjecture, then it is possible to construct counterexample with any diameter k ≥ 3
    Źródło:
    Opuscula Mathematica; 2021, 41, 4; 601-605
    1232-9274
    2300-6919
    Pojawia się w:
    Opuscula Mathematica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the hat problem on a graph
    Autorzy:
    Krzywkowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/256048.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    hat problem
    graph
    degree
    neighborhood
    neighborhood-dominated
    unicyclic
    universal vertex
    Nordhaus-Gaddum
    Opis:
    The topic of this paper is the hat problem in which each of n players is uniformly and independently fitted with a blue or red hat. Then everybody can try to guess simultaneously his own hat color by looking at the hat colors of the other players. The team wins if at least one player guesses his hat color correctly, and no one guesses his hat color wrong; otherwise the team loses. The aim is to maximize the probability of winning. In this version every player can see everybody excluding himself. We consider such a problem on a graph, where vertices correspond to players, and a player can see each player to whom he is connected by an edge. The solution of the hat problem on a graph is known for trees and for cycles on four or at least nine vertices. In this paper first we give an upper bound on the maximum chance of success for graphs with neighborhood-dominated vertices. Next we solve the problem on unicyclic graphs containing a cycle on at least nine vertices. We prove that the maximum chance of success is one by two. Then we consider the hat problem on a graph with a universal vertex. We prove that there always exists an optimal strategy such that in every case some vertex guesses its color. Moreover, we prove that there exists a graph with a universal vertex for which there exists an optimal strategy such that in some case no vertex guesses its color. We also give some Nordhaus-Gaddum type inequalities.
    Źródło:
    Opuscula Mathematica; 2012, 32, 2; 285-296
    1232-9274
    2300-6919
    Pojawia się w:
    Opuscula Mathematica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Sufficient Condition for Graphs to Be Super k-Restricted Edge Connected
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Shiying
    Wang, Meiyu
    Zhang, Lei
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341790.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-08-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    graph
    neighborhood
    k -restricted edge connectivity
    super k -restricted edge connected graph
    Opis:
    For a subset $S$ of edges in a connected graph $G$, $S$ is a $k$-restricted edge cut if $G − S$ is disconnected and every component of $G − S$ has at least $k$ vertices. The $k$-restricted edge connectivity of $G$, denoted by $ \lambda_k (G) $, is defined as the cardinality of a minimum $k$-restricted edge cut. Let \( \xi_k(G) = \text{min} \{ | [ X , \overline{X} ] | : |X| = k, G[X] \) is connected $ \} $, where $ \overline{X} = V (G) \backslash X $. A graph $G$ is super $k$-restricted edge connected if every minimum $k$-restricted edge cut of $G$ isolates a component of order exactly $k$. Let $k$ be a positive integer and let $G$ be a graph of order $ \nu \ge 2k$. In this paper, we show that if $ | N( u ) \cup N( v ) | \ge k +1 $ for all pairs $u$, $v$ of nonadjacent vertices and $ \xi_k (G) \le \floor{ ν/2}+k $, then $G$ is super $k$-restricted edge connected.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2017, 37, 3; 537-545
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Describing Minor 5-Stars in 3-Polytopes with Minimum Degree 5 and No Vertices of Degree 6 or 7
    Autorzy:
    Batueva, Ts.Ch-D.
    Borodin, O.V.
    Ivanova, A.O.
    Nikiforov, D.V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32361718.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-05-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    planar graph
    structural properties
    3-polytope
    5-star
    neighborhood
    Opis:
    In 1940, in attempts to solve the Four Color Problem, Henry Lebesgue gave an approximate description of the neighborhoods of 5-vertices in the class P5 of 3-polytopes with minimum degree 5. This description depends on 32 main parameters. (6, 6, 7, 7, 7), (6, 6, 6, 7, 9), (6, 6, 6, 6, 11), (5, 6, 7, 7, 8), (5, 6, 6, 7, 12), (5, 6, 6, 8, 10), (5, 6, 6, 6, 17), (5, 5, 7, 7, 13), (5, 5, 7, 8, 10), (5, 5, 6, 7, 27), (5, 5, 6, 6, ∞), (5, 5, 6, 8, 15), (5, 5, 6, 9, 11), (5, 5, 5, 7, 41), (5, 5, 5, 8, 23), (5, 5, 5, 9, 17), (5, 5, 5, 10, 14), (5, 5, 5, 11, 13) Not many precise upper bounds on these parameters have been obtained as yet, even for restricted subclasses in P5. In 2018, Borodin, Ivanova, Kazak proved that every forbidding vertices of degree from 7 to 11 results in a tight description (5, 5, 6, 6, ∞), (5, 6, 6, 6, 15), (6, 6, 6, 6, 6). Recently, Borodin, Ivanova, and Kazak proved every 3-polytope in P5 with no vertices of degrees 6, 7, and 8 has a 5-vertex whose neighborhood is majorized by one of the sequences (5, 5, 5, 5, ∞) and (5, 5, 10, 5, 12), which is tight and improves a corresponding description (5, 5, 5, 5, ∞), (5, 5, 9, 5, 17), (5, 5, 10, 5, 14), (5, 5, 11, 5, 13) that follows from the Lebesgue Theorem. The purpose of this paper is to prove that every 3-polytope with minimum degree 5 and no vertices of degree 6 or 7 has a 5-vertex whose neighborhood is majorized by one of the ordered sequences (5, 5, 5, 5, ∞), (5, 5, 8, 5, 14), or (5, 5, 10, 5, 12).
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2022, 42, 2; 535-548
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Vertices with the second neighborhood property in Eulerian digraphs
    Autorzy:
    Cary, Michael
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952854.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    Eulerian digraph
    second neighborhood conjecture
    cycle decomposition
    cycle intersection graph
    Opis:
    The Second Neighborhood Conjecture states that every simple digraph has a vertex whose second out-neighborhood is at least as large as its first out-neighborhood, i.e. a vertex with the Second Neighborhood Property. A cycle intersection graph of an even graph is a new graph whose vertices are the cycles in a cycle decomposition of the original graph and whose edges represent vertex intersections of the cycles. By using a digraph variant of this concept, we prove that Eulerian digraphs which admit a simple cycle intersection graph not only adhere to the Second Neighborhood Conjecture, but that local simplicity can, in some cases, also imply the existence of a Seymour vertex in the original digraph.
    Źródło:
    Opuscula Mathematica; 2019, 39, 6; 765-772
    1232-9274
    2300-6919
    Pojawia się w:
    Opuscula Mathematica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Neighborhood Condition for Fractional ID-[A, B]-Factor-Critical Graphs
    Autorzy:
    Zhou, Sizhong
    Yang, Fan
    Sun, Zhiren
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31340936.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    graph
    minimum degree
    neighborhood
    fractional [a
    b]-factor
    fractional ID-[a
    b]-factor-critical graph
    Opis:
    Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$, and let $a$ and $b$ be two integers with $ 1 \le a \le b $. Let $ h : E(G) \rightarrow [0, 1] $ be a function. If \( a \le \Sigma_{ e \ni x } h(e) \le b \) holds for any $ x \in V (G) $, then we call $ G[F_h] $ a fractional $ [a, b] $-factor of $ G $ with indicator function $ h $, where $ F_h = \{ e \in E(G) : h(e) > 0 \} $. A graph $G$ is fractional independent-set-deletable $[a, b]$-factor-critical (in short, fractional ID-$[a, b]$-factor-critical) if $ G − I $ has a fractional $ [a, b] $-factor for every independent set $I$ of $G$. In this paper, it is proved that if $ n \ge \frac{(a+2b)(2a+2b-3)+1}{b} $, $ \delta (G) \ge \frac{bn}{a+2b} + a $ and $ | N_G(x) \cup N_G(y) | \ge \frac{(a+b)n}{a+2b} $ for any two nonadjacent vertices $ x, y \in V (G) $, then $ G $ is fractional ID-$[a, b]$-factor-critical. Furthermore, it is shown that this result is best possible in some sense.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2016, 36, 2; 409-418
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Variations on a sufficient condition for Hamiltonian graphs
    Autorzy:
    Ainouche, Ahmed
    Lapiquonne, Serge
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743758.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
    Tematy:
    cycles
    partially square graph
    degree sum
    independent sets
    neighborhood unions and intersections
    dual closure
    Opis:
    Given a 2-connected graph G on n vertices, let G* be its partially square graph, obtained by adding edges uv whenever the vertices u,v have a common neighbor x satisfying the condition $N_G(x) ⊆ N_G[u] ∪ N_G[v]$, where $N_G[x] = N_G(x) ∪ {x}$. In particular, this condition is satisfied if x does not center a claw (an induced $K_{1,3}$). Clearly G ⊆ G* ⊆ G², where G² is the square of G. For any independent triple X = {x,y,z} we define
    σ̅(X) = d(x) + d(y) + d(z) - |N(x) ∩ N(y) ∩ N(z)|.
    Flandrin et al. proved that a 2-connected graph G is hamiltonian if [σ̅]₃(X) ≥ n holds for any independent triple X in G. Replacing X in G by X in the larger graph G*, Wu et al. improved recently this result. In this paper we characterize the nonhamiltonian 2-connected graphs G satisfying the condition [σ̅]₃(X) ≥ n-1 where X is independent in G*. Using the concept of dual closure we (i) give a short proof of the above results and (ii) we show that each graph G satisfying this condition is hamiltonian if and only if its dual closure does not belong to two well defined exceptional classes of graphs. This implies that it takes a polynomial time to check the nonhamiltonicity or the hamiltonicity of such G.
    Źródło:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2007, 27, 2; 229-240
    2083-5892
    Pojawia się w:
    Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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