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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Preschoolers’ preferences and moral judgements are biased towards those who have more resources
    Autorzy:
    Myślińska-Szarek, Katarzyna
    Baryła, Wiesław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127347.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    preschoolers
    moral judgments
    Affective tagging
    Opis:
    Various studies have indicated that children’s preferences are biased towards those who have more resources or who are considered more fortunate than others. Little is known, however, about whether this preference translates to a moral assessment of the character of those with more or less resources. Our study included 46 children aged four to five. We asked participants to indicate their preference for the richer and the poorer in desirable resources. We also asked them to attribute the moral character of the moral agent or moral recipient. The children revealed a strong bias towards the advantaged character. Not only did they prefer him as a future friend, they also attributed morally positive social roles to him.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 2; 235-239
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Associative processes as determinants of attitudes and judgements
    Autorzy:
    Parzuchowski, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703514.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    associative processes
    selection of information
    attitudes
    judgments
    moral judgments
    Opis:
    This article proposes a model describing the nature of associative processes as diagnostic cues for formulating attitudes and judgments. The assumption of the model is that attitudes, judgments and behaviours are based on how people selectively activate, interpret and integrate previously associated signals (selectively limiting the excess of information from both the senses and from our immediate environment). The model specifies which factors hinder or facilitate the formulation of associations between diagnostic signals and how it translates into attitudes, judgments and behaviours. To test the predictions derived from this model, we first showed that linguistic cues of diminutives can indicate physical properties – they were associated with the belief that the described objects were smaller but also worse or less valuable. The second line of research dealt with embodied moral judgments – we demonstrated that the usage of a hand over heart gesture led to more honest behaviour, an increase in judgments of honesty but also reduced tendency to lie for one's own profit. Our findings also suggest that using “standing at attention” body manipulation increased participants' submissiveness to the experimenter and their obedience to norms. This pattern of results suggests that the described model integrates perspectives of embodied cognition and social cognition, documenting the cognitive mechanism needed to formulate and adjust attitudes and judgments.
    Źródło:
    Nauka; 2018, 4
    1231-8515
    Pojawia się w:
    Nauka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    When Dishonesty Leads to Trust: Moral Judgments Biased by Self-interest are Truly Believed
    Autorzy:
    Bocian, Konrad
    Baryla, Wieslaw
    Wojciszke, Bogdan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430780.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    moral judgments
    self-interest bias
    cheating
    trust
    Opis:
    Research has shown that cheating is perceived as immoral when it serves the cheater’s interests, though it can be seen as moral when it serves the interests of the perceiver. However, are such biased moral judgments real, or are they merely lip service? To answer the question of whether biased moral judgments actually inform behavior, the authors asked participants to observe a confederate who either cheated for money or did not cheat, which benefited either the confederate alone or both the confederate and the participating observer. Then, participants evaluated the confederate and, finally, played a one shot trust game with her. Cheating influenced moral judgments and decreased behavioral trust, but this only occurred when self-interest was not involved. When self-interest was involved, participants showed no significant differences in trust levels, independent of whether the confederate had cheated or not. Implications for the dual process theory in moral psychology are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 3; 366-372
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Judgment of the morality of an individual responsible for a fatal workplace accident involving subordinates
    Autorzy:
    Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola
    Dobrowolska, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162472.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-05-22
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    moral incoherence
    moral coherence
    moral judgments
    moral psychology
    morality
    mining
    Opis:
    Background The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that additional information about the perpetrator responsible for the death of subordinates at the workplace may influence the assessment of morality. The article contains the results of an empirical study conducted among young adult working Silesians (N = 262), who were asked to evaluate the morality of the person responsible for the decision, in line with which miners had started working on 6th October 2014. On that day miners died following an explosion in the “Mysłowice-Wesoła” methane mine in the Polish Silesia region. Material and Methods The study explored the stories’ method (from the moral psychology domain) as well as a short questionnaire. The respondents received information about the behavior of the perpetrator as well as emotions (socially desirable and undesirable) and (socially desirable and undesirable) views in the form of brief descriptions (stories). They were asked to evaluate the perpetrator’s morality. Results The socially desirable views of the evaluated perpetrator (lack of acceptance for the situation) and the socially desirable emotions (guilt) significantly increased the level of morality according to participants. A single piece of information about the socially desirable emotions didn’t significantly increase the perceived level of perpetrator’s morality; neither did a single piece of information about socially desirable views. Conclusions Results indicate the important role of additional information about emotions and views of the perpetrator in the process of assessing morality. It is worthwhile to implement the practical implications of this study in similar crisis situations at the workplace. Med Pr 2018;69(3):261–267
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2018, 69, 3; 261-267
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Etyczne aspekty marketingu idei w pozamilitarnej strukturze bezpieczeństwa narodowego
    Ethical Aspects of Idea Marketing in the Non-Military Structure of National Security
    Autorzy:
    Adamkiewicz, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim
    Tematy:
    idee
    marketing
    normy moralne
    wartości moralne
    oceny moralne
    czyny moralne
    odpowiedzialność
    obowiązek
    ideas
    moral norms
    moral values
    moral judgments
    moral deeds
    responsibility
    duty
    Opis:
    The article constitutes a conjecture about the possibility of idea marketing from the viewpoint of normative and descriptive ethics which evaluate and characterize the behavior of people in the public (social) domain. Therefore, presented are moral questions applicable to the evaluation of marketing as a method to promote or suppress ideas useful in politics or ideology. An ethical reflection determines the influence of the planning of the extent of moral ideas influencing social attitudes which can be revealed in a diversified marketing offer, public relations or advertising. On this background, an attempt is made to show the connections between ethics and marketing in both the normative and the ethological perspective, and in the created moral reflection on idea marketing. Hence, the article presents the relations between normative and descriptive ethics, and the marketing strategy of promoting moral ideas. In this context, indicated is the anticipated shape of the not yet existing ethics of idea marketing. This ethics can be understood, on the one hand, as the general set of moral evaluations and norms, and on the other hand, as the knowledge of the morality of the market preciousness of ideas depicted in the system of social expectations related to the sense of nonmilitary security. The final part of the article categorizes moral ideas that may be significant in marketing considerations about respecting and choosing them.
    Źródło:
    Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa; 2019, 6; 147-168
    2543-6961
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    HISTORIA NAJNOWSZA - POMIĘDZY PEWNOŚCIĄ A ZWĄTPIENIEM?
    CONTEMPORARY HISTORY - BETWEEN CERTAINTY AND DOUBT?
    Autorzy:
    ŁASZKIEWICZ, Hubert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909928.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-04-23
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Sources analysis
    professional ethics of historian
    moral judgments in history
    methodology of history
    methodology of social sciences
    historical synthesis
    cumulative concept of historical science
    metaphors in historical argumentation
    Opis:
    The paper discuss the regulatory principles which might be included into discussion on the controversy over the uses and misuses of contemporary history in Poland. The main proposals are as follow. We need greater methodological awareness that sources we are using whilst describing and interpreting the history are not refl ecting the whole past (which is simply impossible). While observing divergent versions of reconstructed past one should notice that the most divergent matt ers are connected with ethics. Three levels of ethics and moral judgments are listed: professional ethic of historian (is he a judge or observer), ethics/moral judgments of the past we investigate, moral judgment about the past. However tempting, metaphorical use of language should be limited at least at this stage of controversy, for there are not a commonly agreed set of metaphors, thus their use might only complicate the exchange of opinions.
    Źródło:
    Historia@Teoria; 2017, 4, 6; 87-96
    2450-8047
    Pojawia się w:
    Historia@Teoria
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Etyka zawodowa. Kompetencje etyczne nauczycieli
    Autorzy:
    Malitowska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/637637.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    In the following considerations the author addresses the issue of teachers' professional ethics and in particular the issue of teachers ethical competence which is understood as a capacity to make responsible moral judgments with regard to situatio
    Opis:
    In the following considerations the author addresses the issue of teachers' professional ethics and in particular the issue of teachers ethical competence which is understood as a capacity to make responsible moral judgments with regard to situations that occur in the course of professional practice. In accordance with the pragmatic idea of community of inquiry, the author argues that the role of professional ethics is to design the discourse concerned with moral problems which should allow the teachers to develop and cultivate ethical competences.
    Źródło:
    Principia; 2012, 57
    2084-3887
    Pojawia się w:
    Principia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Return to Values in Recent Sociological Theory
    Autorzy:
    Sztompka, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930158.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007-09-18
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    values
    value-judgments
    valuations
    ideology
    syllogism
    meaning
    moral impulse
    Opis:
    The author reviews two opposite traditional positions on the role of values and value judgements in sociological research and theory: treating values as a bias interfering in research, or treating values as ideology providing privileged access to knowledge. He traces the recent revival of the debate about valuations, focusing particularly on the claims of the so-called “public sociology.” Then the author’s own position is outlined based on the fundamental particularity of the social sciences as contrasted with the natural sciences. The old argument that values do not follow from facts is acknowledged as true in the sense of logical deduction, but in the social sciences we encounter different mechanism of implication, which may be called “sociological syllogism:” values may follow from facts, and facts may imply values because, on the one hand, people act on their axiological beliefs, and human actions constitute social facts, and on the other hand, social facts (e.g. about poverty, inequality, degradation, crime, terrorism) mobilize moral impulses and valuational commitments. In other words values shape meanings of human actions and resulting social facts, and the knowledge of facts acquires valuational meaning by mobilizing human axiological impulses. The strict separation of facts and values does not work in the social sciences; there is a two-directional link between the two. This opens the possibility for “sociological ethics” deriving normative standards of social life from the research results of sociology.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2007, 159, 3; 247-261
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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