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    Tytuł:
    The homunculus brain and categorical logic
    Autorzy:
    Awodey, Steve
    Heller, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1047588.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-29
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    categorical logic
    syntax-semantics
    mind-brain
    Opis:
    The interaction between syntax (formal language) and its semantics (meanings of language) is one which has been well studied in categorical logic. The results of this particular study are employed to understand how the brain is able to create meanings. To emphasize the toy character of the proposed model, we prefer to speak of the homunculus brain rather than the brain per se. The homunculus brain consists of neurons, each of which is modeled by a category, and axons between neurons, which are modeled by functors between the corresponding neuron-categories. Each neuron (category) has its own program enabling its working, i.e. a theory of this neuron. In analogy to what is known from categorical logic, we postulate the existence of a pair of adjoint functors, called Lang and Syn, from a category, now called BRAIN, of categories, to a category, now called MIND, of theories. Our homunculus is a kind of “mathematical robot”, the neuronal architecture of which is not important. Its only aim is to provide us with the opportunity to study how such a simple brain-like structure could “create meanings” and perform abstraction operations out of its purely syntactic program. The pair of adjoint functors Lang and Syn model the mutual dependencies between the syntactical structure of a given theory of MIND and the internal logic of its semantics given by a category of BRAIN. In this way, a formal language (syntax) and its meanings (semantics) are interwoven with each other in a manner corresponding to the adjointness of the functors Lang and Syn. Higher cognitive functions of abstraction and realization of concepts are also modelled by a corresponding pair of adjoint functors. The categories BRAIN and MIND interact with each other with their entire structures and, at the same time, these very structures are shaped by this interaction.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2020, 69; 253-280
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Brain, mind and education – we have found the way, whether we are wandering along the wilderness?
    Autorzy:
    Bożena, Pawlak,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/889138.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-02
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
    Tematy:
    brain
    mind
    education
    neuroeducation
    Opis:
    In recentyears, we have witnessed an intensive development of many New areas of research and scientific research, to chich undoubtedly belong those referred to as neuroscience, thatis, focusing on the study of the human brain and nervous system. In my speech I would like to review opinions on possibile attempts to relate brain research results to school conditions as well as teaching and learning concepts. The following concepts will be analyzed: neurodidactics, neuropedagogy and neuroeducation. I will also present my proposition of under standing neuroeducation as anactivity focused on: 1) development of cognitive processes of learners and awareness of the existence of these processes; 2) education of learning process management, 3) getting to know and better understanding of the learning process through the prism of functioning: brain, mind and education. Neuroeducation understood in this way is, in my opinion, a chance for a new perspective of in sight into learning processes and, in the longer term, teaching. It can therefore be addressed to pupils and students, but also to teachers. The direction of neuroeducation thought outlined in the article, in my opinion, fits in with the thinking about constructivist variation, objectivist today (according to Dorota Klus-Stańska) paradigm of neurodidactics.
    Źródło:
    Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo; 2020, 48(2); 59-68
    1734-5537
    Pojawia się w:
    Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Knowledge, Theory and Practice in Knowledge Management: Betweeen Associative Pattering and Context-Rich Action
    Autorzy:
    Bennet, Alex
    Bennet, David
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/474962.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę Cognitione
    Tematy:
    knowledge
    knowledge management
    theory
    information
    learning
    surface knowledge
    shallow knowledge
    deep knowledge
    neuroscience
    mind/brain
    decision-making
    higher-order patterns
    complexity
    thought leaders
    practitioners
    knowledge (proceeding)
    knowledge (informing)
    SECI model
    DIKW continuum
    wisdom
    KM research
    KM frameworks
    Opis:
    Embedded throughout this paper you will find the diversity of opinions that correlates to the diversity of theories, frameworks, case studies and stories that are related to the field of Knowledge Management (KM). We begin by introducing the Sampler Research Call approach and the 13 KM academics and practitioners working in different parts of the world who answered the call. We then provide baseline definitions and briefly explore the process of knowledge creation within the human mind/brain. After a brief (and vastly incomplete) introduction to KM literature at the turn of the Century, the frameworks of Sampler Call participants are introduced, and two early frameworks that achieved almost cult status—the Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom (DIKW) continuum and the SECI (socialization, externalization, combination and internalization) model—are explored through the eyes of Sampler Call participants. We then introduce the results of the KMTL (Knowledge Management Thought Leader) Study, which suggest theories consistent with the richness and diversity of thought interwoven throughout this paper. The field of KM is introduced as a complex adaptive system with many possibilities and opportunities. Finally, we share summary thoughts, urging us as KM academics and practitioners to find the balance between the conscious awareness/understanding of higher-order patterns and the actions we take; between the need for overarching theory and the experiential freedom necessary to address context-rich situations.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation; 2014, 10, 1; 7-55
    2299-7075
    2299-7326
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some Remarks on the Mind-Brain Identity Theory
    Autorzy:
    Pabjan, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29552046.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Mind
    brain
    theory of identity
    Opis:
    The issue of the relation between the mind and the brain is known as one of the most discussed problem of the philosophy of mind. The recent development of neuroscience contributed significantly to animate the discussion on this subject. This article is one voice in this discussion. It contains a critical analysis of some arguments in favor of the theory which claims that the mind is identical to the brain. Moreso, it is argued, that the observed correlations between physical and mental events cannot be treated as a proof that there is no difference between the mind and the brain.
    Źródło:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2023, 13, 1; 83-96
    2391-6559
    2083-8018
    Pojawia się w:
    The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Integrated self system: a microgenetic approach
    Autorzy:
    Pąchalska, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106016.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-05
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
    Tematy:
    brain
    mind
    time
    hyperspace
    self system
    Opis:
    This article is dedicated to my beloved mother, Zofia Kuzak, Honorary Member of the Polish Neuropsychological Society, and my highest moral authority, to honor her 100 th birthday. During the Nazi occu pation, at the age of 23, she was deport ed to Germany and forced into slave labour at a German camp, from which she managed to escape. During this escape she had to sit for three long days high up in a tree, without food and without anything to drink, something made possible by her strong physical condition. After three days, she dared to leave the tree and, in throwing the Nazis pursuing her, she ran away not to the South - to her home in Nowy Sącz, but to the North – to Poznań, where she took refuge in the apartment of other relatives, true Polish patriots. She stayed there for the years 1943–1947, keeping the accounts at the large family grocery store. The experiences from this period influenced the formation of her own self and her identity. Her stories about times of tragedy and her ways of dealing with the darkest moments in her life contributed to the fact that I became interested in the subject of the self and identity. I have prepared two monographs and several articles on this topic. This article presents a new approach to integrated self system, associated not only with the physical organism, but also with the social and cultural world. The foundation of this approach to the self is microgenetic theory, especially its account of consciousness, of the transition from self to image, act and object, the epochal nature of this transition, and its relation to introspection, imagination and agency. The affinities of microgenetic theory to many aspects of the thought process should be evident to readers of this journal, but the theory, which was developed from studies of pathological cases, rests on a wealth of clinical detail. In brief, the micro-temporal transition from archaic to recent formations (distributed systems) in the phyletic history of the forebrain constitutes the absolute mental state, with consciousness the relation of self to image and/or object. The reader will be able also to find here the overlapping of states, the continuity of the core over successive states, and subjective time experience. However, the integrated self system is associated not only with the operation of the biological brain and its complex patterns of neural connections, but also with the activity of the social mind/brain, in terms of bonds created within social groups, as well as the cultural mind/brain creating the world of cultural values, including religious ones. I will sum up with a model of self system changing in time (4D), pulsating according to the states of mind (5D) forming different numbers of “bits” of information, as marked on the x axis, and linked to the duration of memories, marked on the y axis. The self system also depends on gravity (6D), and other hyperspace dimensions hitherto unknown in neuroscience.
    Źródło:
    Acta Neuropsychologica; 2019, 17(4); 349-393
    1730-7503
    2084-4298
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Neuropsychologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    PROCESSES OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND DREAMING IN THE MIND
    Autorzy:
    Germine, Mark
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2137784.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
    Tematy:
    consciousness
    unconscious
    dreams
    mind
    brain
    states
    Opis:
    The Mind is described in terms of our individual and collective experiences. The role of observation by Mind is supported by empirical data that quantum states can be created and changed by the process of repeated observation, and is described by a classical equation, which defines the genesis of information from reduction of uncertainty. This uncertainty is then generalized to the uncertainty of quantum processes. The state of consciousness is always “now,” with a unitary movement forward of Mind in time. This movement involves irreversible processes, which produce mixture of states, such that choices of states are enabled to occur. Such processes appear nowhere in physics, but rather reflect the role of the observer. Within the duration of the mental state, experience arises by repeated observation of the mind/brain state. The processes of conscious experience involve movement from the uncertain unconscious to the certain consciousness, the outgoing process, and vice-versa in dreaming, the inward-going process. Psychopathology is the result of an imbalance and/or dysfunction of one or both processes. In dreaming, in the absence of consciousness, subjective time moves equitably forward and backward in time. This kind of temporal movement is discussed in relation to the Dreamtime of the Australian Aborigines.
    Źródło:
    Acta Neuropsychologica; 2017, 15(4); 477-491
    1730-7503
    2084-4298
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Neuropsychologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Is the executive function necessary for inferring mental states of other people? evidence from studies on patients with brain impairment
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Agnieszka
    Łojek, Emilia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951714.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-11-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    theory of mind
    executive functions
    brain impairment.
    Opis:
    Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the ability to represent the mental states of others. The Executive Function (EF) refers to higher-level cognitive processes encompassing planning, inhibition, coordination, shifting, and coordination of action sequences. Current studies on ToM and EF suggest that these two cognitive abilities might be functionally or anatomically linked. Although the relation between ToM and EF has been widely investigated, the results remain inconclusive particularly when considering the functional architecture of a mature brain system. The present study aims to seek this lacuna with the use of neuropsychological methodology. The pattern of ToM and EF defi cits within patients with brain injury were investigated. We compared the performance of four patients with a set of tasks examining theory of mind abilities and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) assessing EF functioning. Results yielded a dissociation between ToM and EF, suggesting that in an adults’ brain executive functions are not necessary for inferring the mental states of others.
    Źródło:
    Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies); 2011, 49, 5; 77-88
    0081-685X
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies)
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Consciousness, Culture, and the Brain
    Autorzy:
    Bartra, Roger
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451381.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-07-18
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    exocerebrum
    brain
    consciousness
    symbolic prostheses
    philosophy of mind
    Opis:
    Human consciousness is a phenomenon that occurs not only in the brain but also in an external network, a symbolic system. This symbolic system is defined as an exocerebrum. The exocerebrum is a system of artificial cultural prostheses that substitute functions the brain cannot carry out through exclusively biological means. The exocerebrum is a symbolic system that substitutes the cerebral circuits that are incapable by themselves of completing functions that are characteristic of human mental behavior. The brain is not capable of processing symbols without the help of an external system essentially made up of speech, symbols, the non-discursive forms of communication (such as music, dance, and painting), and the exterior artificial memories (from writing to the Internet). We are in the presence of a continual spectrum, one in which there is no need to draw a dividing line between the brain and the exocerebrum, between the neuronal circuits and the cultural prostheses.
    Źródło:
    Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2018, 2, 2(4); 100-114
    2544-302X
    Pojawia się w:
    Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cabanis: między medycyną, rewolucją i filozofią
    Cabanis: between medicine, revolution and philosophy
    Autorzy:
    Chomiszczak, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041159.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    brain
    physiology
    sensibility
    mind
    consciousness
    intelligence
    morality
    materialism
    Opis:
    The article is concerned with quite forgotten character and work of Pierre Jean Georges Cabanis, a physician and philosopher, but also a strong supporter of the French Revolution from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. His main scientific opus was the dissertation On the relations between the physical and moral aspects of man (Rapports du physique et du moral de l’homme) first published in 1802 and then repeatedly resumed in the 19th century, but virtually unknown in Poland. His medical points of view originally corresponded with materialistic philosophy; however, they also took into account the role of the spiritual and mental aspects of a human – this “biological, thinking mechanism”, as Cabanis thought. An important role in his book was played by theories related to sensualism. Using modern terms, Cabanis created something like physiological psychology. According to him, the body, or more precisely its organs, take part in the creation of human thoughts which seem to be only the physiological result of brain perception. This classic work was often invoked by successive generations of doctors and thinkers; it even appeared in artistic prose. Cabanis himself has had a fixed position in research and scientific studies for over two centuries.
    Źródło:
    Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2018, 34; 223-243
    1233-8680
    2450-4947
    Pojawia się w:
    Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Information and brain
    Autorzy:
    Kycia, Radosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943060.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-11-07
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    classical information
    quantum information
    brain models
    mind uploading
    Opis:
    We present the consequences of the assumption of the classical and quantum nature of information storing and processing in the brain. These assumptions result in different behaviours of consciousness under a hypothetical brain copy experiment. The subject is important in the context of ‘mind uploading’ considerations.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 70; 45-72
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the rudiments and benefits of philanthropy in the perspective of cognitive research
    Autorzy:
    Wioletta, Dziarnowska,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952002.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-05-19
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
    Tematy:
    morality
    philanthropy
    cognitive science
    moral mind
    brain
    non-profit institutions
    Opis:
    Past decades have shown an increase in interest in the phenomenon of morality, as well as its most sophisticated manifestations, which are philanthropic activities, in the field of cognitive science – a multidisciplinary research program of the mind and its role in intelligent behaviour. The article shows – applying the aforementioned perspective – that morality, along with all its altruistic expressions, is understood as the result of the biological evolution of the human race. It is based on various neuronal mechanisms responsible for the psychological processes that make up our moral mind, e.g. moral intuitions, moral emotions and moral reasoning. In recent years, issues related to charity have become one of the important subjects of cognitive research. In their light, it turned out, among others, that altruistic human inclinations, not only devoting one’s time, skills or money to help a person, but also support for more abstract ideas related to the common good are supported by various brain mechanisms strengthening our selfless motivations. It was concluded that the progress of scientific research on the relationship between the „moral brain” and the world in need of help would reveal the most effective ways of strengthening human philanthropic involvement and more effective impact of non-profit institutions.
    Źródło:
    Praca Socjalna; 2020, 35(2); 143-166
    0860-3480
    Pojawia się w:
    Praca Socjalna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biologia czy kultura mózgu. W poszukiwaniu uwarunkowań działalności edukacyjnej
    Autorzy:
    Michalak, Renata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951753.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    the biology of the brain
    the culture of the brain
    intelligence
    mind
    mirror neurons
    education
    Opis:
    An unusual flowering neuroscience is perceived in many scientific areas and education also. The scientific disciplines such as neuropedagogic, neuroteaching or neuroprogramming are trying to use the data of neuroscience in optimizing educational process for children, teenagers, and adults. Improving the functions of human brain and maintaining its cognitive capacity are very important and attractive activities for both researchers and practitioners of education, now. However, it will not be possible without a good knowledge of the basics and the determinants of development of brain. This article presents neurobiological and cultural context of programming of educational process.
    Źródło:
    Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja; 2016, 10, 2; 95-100
    2300-0422
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Od kwantu energii do mózgu tworzącego świadomość
    From quanta forms to brain awarenss
    Autorzy:
    Grybko, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963528.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    self
    mind
    consciousness
    brain
    human
    jaźń
    umysł
    świadomość
    mózg
    człowiek
    Opis:
    Ewolucja wszechświata od pierwszych cząstek aż do człowieka – istoty świadomej – wskazuje na transdukcyjne możliwości materialnych molekuł. Pochodzące z Wielkiego Wybuchu cząstki odpowiednio skonfigurowane generują efekty nowej natury: świadomość, umysł i jaźń. Źródłem tego procesu jest ludzki mózg. Neurobiologicznym podłożem tych fenomenów są wzorce synaptyczne powstałe dzięki komunikacji neuronalnej. Można wskazać struktury, których aktywność znamionuje działanie psychicznych fenomenów, nie można jednak ich z nimi utożsamić. Nie znamy przyczyny transdukcyjnych zdolności ludzkiego mózgu. Z ewolucyjnego punktu widzenia możliwości materii są ciągle odkrywane. Człowiek i jego mózg są kluczem do tej tajemnicy.
    The evolution of the universe from the first particles to human – being conscious indicates the possibility of material transduction molecules. Derived from the Big Bang, particles are suitably configured generate new nature effects: consciousness, mind and self. The source of this process is the human brain. Neurobiological substrate of these phenomena are caused due to patterns of synaptic neuronal communication. You can specify the structure, whose activity marks the effects of mental phenomena, but they can not identify with them. We do not know the cause transduction capacity of the human brain. From an evolutionary point of view of the matter they are constantly being discovered. A man and his brain are the key to this mystery.
    Źródło:
    Colloquia Theologica Ottoniana; 2015, 2; 29-48
    1731-0555
    2353-2998
    Pojawia się w:
    Colloquia Theologica Ottoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biblia i nauka. Siedem refleksji inspirowanych myślą ks. Michała Hellera
    The Bible and Science. Seven reflections inspired by the thought of Prof. Michael Heller
    Autorzy:
    Majewski, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2034070.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-11-22
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    Biblia
    nauka
    nauki przyrodnicze
    dusza
    mózg
    Bible
    science
    soul
    brain
    mind
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to show some areas where the results of exegesisand biblical theology should be confronted with the latest discoveries ofscience on the world, nature, evolution, the human being, the brain, free will,psychology and morality. The author compares, shows difficulties arisingfrom, and attempts to reconcile Christian anthropology with the image ofman that emerges from well-established scientific truths. This paper is anintroduction and an invitation to a discussion on this topic.
    Źródło:
    Collectanea Theologica; 2018, 88, 1; 91-139
    0137-6985
    2720-1481
    Pojawia się w:
    Collectanea Theologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tożsamość Todda. Mózg między filozoficzną neurosferą a literacką (meta)fikcją
    Todd’s Identity. The Brain Between Neurosphere and the Literary (Meta)Fiction
    Autorzy:
    Nowak, Ewa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    brain
    body/mind relation
    hybrid identity
    posthumanism
    Kafka
    Dürrenmatt
    Bulgakov
    Brown
    Dukaj
    phenomenology
    Opis:
    The paper explores hybrid identities of main characters in chosen contemporary authors as Kafka, Dürrenmatt, Bulgakov, Dukaj, and in particular Brown. They all contribute to the posthumanist literary genre and to better comprehension of condition posthumana as a leading utopia in the age of advanced technologies. The author argues for affinities between the human and the non-human brain, far beyond the anthropocentrism and anthropodenialism controversy.
    Źródło:
    Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2018, 34; 63-86
    1233-8680
    2450-4947
    Pojawia się w:
    Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Od neuronu do kultury – biosemiotyczna historia powstania i ewolucji mózgu według Marcello Barbieriego
    From neuron to culture – a biosemiotic perspective of the origin and evolution of the brain according to Marcello Barbieri
    Autorzy:
    Kłóś, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691104.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Copernicus Center Press
    Tematy:
    biosemiotics
    organic codes
    evolution
    origin of brain
    origin of mind
    consciousness
    Marcello Barbieri
    Opis:
    Marcello Barbieri is one of the leading representatives of biosemiotics. Dissatisfied with current reductionistic approach in science, he proposes a new research programme based on the idea of semiosis. According to it, life starts with the first appearance of the genetic code, and every big evolutionary step is marked with discoveries of the new organic codes that the evolving nature makes. This paper describes Beriberi’s original theory of the origin and evolution of the brain and parallel evolution of the mind. The brain division into the cybernetic and instinctive brain, the emergence of the memory and the foetal developmental split into intrauterine and extrauterine phase are connected respectively with appearance of the next levels of semiosis: organic semiosis (based on organic codes), interpretive semiosic (with the learning skills) and cultural semiosis (with language). The feelings in this theory plays an important role as a mean to establish the first-person experience and the intermediate step to consciousness.
    Źródło:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2014, 56; 93-129
    0867-8286
    2451-0602
    Pojawia się w:
    Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mechanizmy poznawcze teorii umysłu
    Cognitive mechanisms of theory of mind
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128400.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-03-29
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    theory of mind
    functional magnetic resonance
    transcranial magnetic stimulation
    executive functions
    language
    brain impairment
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu jest zapoznanie polskiego czytelnika ze stanem wiedzy dotyczącym mechanizmów poznawczych leżących u podstaw teorii umysłu. W artykule omówiono zarówno koncepcje teoretyczne będące podstawą rozumienia zdolności do dokonywania atrybucji stanów mentalnych innych osób, jak i najnowsze badania wykorzystujące metody neuroobrazowania mózgu (funkcjonalny rezonans magnetyczny, przezczaszkową stymulację magnetyczną) oraz badania pacjentów z uszkodzonym mózgiem. Dyskutowane są kolejno wyniki badań odnoszące się do: a) mózgowej lokalizacji teorii umysłu, b) relacji między teorią umysłu a funkcjami wykonawczymi oraz językiem, c) dysocjacji między poznawczym a emocjonalnym komponentem teorii umysłu. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu opisano również wyzwania i trudności metodologiczne, które towarzyszą badaniom nad mózgowym podłożem teorii umysłu w normie i w patologii.
    The goal of the article is to familiarize Polish reader with the current state of knowledge about cognitive mechanisms of theory of mind. In the article, the author presents theoretical framework underlying capacity to understand mental states of others as well as the most recent neuroimagining methods (functional magnetic resonance, transcranial magnetic stimulation) and studies of patients with brain impairments. The author discusses: brain localization of theory of mind, relation between theory of mind and executive functions and language, dissociation between cognitive and affective theory of mind. On the basis of literature review, the author indicates methodological challenges and difficulties pertaining to research on brain mechanisms underlying theory of mind in norm and pathology.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Psychologiczne; 2012, 15, 1; 7-30
    1507-7888
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Psychologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mózg w humanistyce. O tendencjach neuronalnych w twórczości Stanisława Przybyszewskiego
    The brain in the humanities. The neural trends in the work of Stanislaw Przybyszewski
    Autorzy:
    Grodecka, Aneta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1110816.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    the brain
    tectonics thinking
    experience
    embodied mind
    visualization
    mózg
    architektonika myślenia
    doświadczenie
    umysł ucieleśniony
    wizualizacja
    Opis:
    Wychodząc od refleksji o rozbieżnościach między humanistyką i nauką, autorka wskazuje na możliwość poszerzenia neuronauki o krytykę neurologiczną utworów literackich, opartą na kulturowej teorii kultury i koncepcji umysłu ucieleśnionego. Nową strategię stosuje wobec twórczości Stanisława Przybyszewskiego, poszerzając pole jej tradycyjnych odniesień, takich jak psychoanaliza, psychopatologia czy symbolika mistyczno-gnostyczna. Analizie poddaje listy, eseje i poematy z okresu berlińskiego, odwołując się do publicystyki z przełomu XIX i XX w. („Prawda”, „Zdrój”). Interesuje ją głównie przestrzeń wyobraźniowa i architektonika myślenia zaznaczająca się w utworze, różnicuje analizowane fragmenty pod względem stopnia referencji, dzieląc je na „neurologiczne stylizacje” (maszyna elektryczna, gangliony, węzeł syntetyczny, nici) i „neurologiczne kopie”. Ostatecznie, pisarskie refleksje na temat funkcjonowania mózgu prowadzą autorkę do wniosków o nowym obrazie podmiotu i dominacji metafor mózgowych w kulturze (kłącze).
    Starting from a reflection about differences between the humanities and science, the author indicates the possibility of expanding the neuroscience on neurological literature criticism, based on the cultural theory of culture and concepts of embodied mind. She applies this new strategy to the works of Stanislaw Przybyszewski, expanding its traditional fields of references such as psychoanalysis, psychopathology or mystical Gnostic symbolism. She analyzes letters, essays and poems from the Berlin period, referring to journalism at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century („Prawda”, „Zdroj”). She is interested mainly in imaginary space and tectonics of thinking, distinguished in the work, she distinguished the analyzed fragments in terms of the reference to „neurological styling” (an electric machine ganglia, synthetic knot, thread) and „neurological copies”. Finally, the writer’s reflections on the functioning of the brain, leads the author to the conclusion about the new image of the subject and domination of brain metaphors in culture (rhizome).
    Źródło:
    Polonistyka. Innowacje; 2015, 2; 65-78
    2450-6435
    Pojawia się w:
    Polonistyka. Innowacje
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Brain, mind and modern human identity – dilemmas and solutions
    Autorzy:
    Błaszak, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703008.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    predictive mind
    bayesian brain
    salience network
    central executive network
    default mode network
    human cognitive evolution
    Opis:
    Human brain is “the perfect guessing machine” (James V. Stone (2012) Vision and Brain, Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press, p. 155), trying to interpret sensory data in the light of previous biases or beliefs. Bayesian inference is carried out by three complex networks of the human brain: salience network, central executive network, and default mode network. Their function is analysed both in neurotypical person and Attention Deficit Disorder. Modern human being having predictive brain and overloaded mind must develop social identity, whose evolution went probably through three stages: social selection based on punishment, sexual selection based on reputation, and group selection based on identity.
    Źródło:
    Nauka; 2017, 1
    1231-8515
    Pojawia się w:
    Nauka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zachęta do ostrożności
    Prompting for caution
    Autorzy:
    Szczęch, Damian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339448.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    consciousness
    philosophy of mind
    identity
    artificial intelligence
    brain emulation
    transhumanism
    świadomość
    filozofia umysłu
    tożsamość
    sztuczna inteligencja
    emulacja mózgu
    transhumanizm
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu recenzyjnego jest przybliżenie i skomentowanie treści zawartych w książce Susan Schneider Świadome Maszyny. Sztuczna Inteligencja i projektowanie umysłów wydanej w 2021 roku. Stosowaną metodą badawczą jest analiza (wydobycie z tekstu terminów i definicji oraz ich rekonstrukcja) oraz porównanie (zestawienie pojęć stosowanych przez autorkę z pojęciami używanymi w innych tekstach). Wnioski podkreślają aktualność problematyki podejmowanej przez autorkę oraz trafność jej zalecenia ostrożności podczas decydowania o modyfi kacji własnego mózgu.
    The purpose of this review article is to present and comment on the contents of Susan Schenider’s book Artificial You: AI and the Future of Your Mind. The applied research method is analysis (extracting terms and definitions from the text and reconstructing them) and comparison (cross-referencing the notions used by the author with those used in other works). The conclusions emphasize timeliness of the issues addressed by the author and soundness of her advice for caution when deciding about modifying one’s own brain.
    Źródło:
    Teologia i moralność; 2023, 18, 1(33); 271-285
    1898-2964
    2450-4602
    Pojawia się w:
    Teologia i moralność
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Turing’s Wager?
    Autorzy:
    Copeland, B. Jack
    Proudfoot, Diane
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31233733.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Alan Turing
    Turing’s Wager
    mechanized encryption
    laws of behaviour
    unspecifiability of the mind
    brain modelling
    whole-brain simulation
    cipher machines
    Enigma
    fish
    Tunny
    early computer-based cryptography
    Opis:
    We examine Turing’s intriguing claim, made in the philosophy journal Mind, that he had created a short computer program of such a nature that it would be impossible “to discover by observation sufficient about it to predict its future behaviour, and this within a reasonable time, say a thousand years” (Turing, 1950, p. 457). A program like this would naturally have cryptographic applications, and we explore how the program would most likely have functioned. Importantly, a myth has recently grown up around this program of Turing’s, namely that it can be used as the basis of an argument—and was so used by Turing—to support the conclusion that it is impossible to infer a detailed mathematical description of the human brain within a practicable timescale. This alleged argument of Turing’s has been dubbed “Turing’s Wager” (Thwaites, Soltan, Wieser, Nimmo-Smith, 2017, p. 3) We demonstrate that this argument—in fact nowhere to be found in Turing’s work—is worthless, since it commits a glaring logical fallacy. “Turing’s Wager” gives no grounds for pessimism about the prospects for understanding and simulating the human brain.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia i Nauka; 2023, 11; 23-36
    2300-4711
    2545-1936
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia i Nauka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Artysta jako nieświadomy neurobiolog. Filmoznawczo-neurokognitywistyczna analiza myśli Hugo Münsterberga i Lwa Kuleszowa
    Autorzy:
    Przybysz, Hanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/923253.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-06-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Kuleszow
    Münsterberg
    film
    art
    brain
    mind
    artist
    creativity
    inspiration
    cognitive science
    neurobiology
    Kuleszow effect
    editing
    scientific experiments
    perception
    consciousness
    attention
    cognitive sciences
    nauroscience
    Opis:
    The history and theory of art have often shown, before the era of neurobiology, cognitive psychology and cognitive science, that great artists are unconscious neurobiologists, activating with their art the areas of the brain of recipients that cause aesthetic experience, and using in their works the principles of perception or optical illusions, unknown to ordinary mortals, and sometimes also to creators at the level of consciousness. The following considerations are intended to approximate and, to some extent, to rehabilitate and save film creators and theoreticians who are being forgotten, the ones who, long before the discoveries of the cognitive sciences, considered theoretically and carried out empirical experiments aimed at showing and explaining the mysteries of human perception and the influence of the film on the viewer. I will present the profiles of the two pioneers of pre-cognitive thought on the basis of film studies: Hugo Münsterberg and Lew Kuleszow. I will show that half a century before neuroscientific research, they dealt with the cognitive processes of human cognition. I will present the contemporary state of cognitive sciences to illustrate the pioneering and legitimacy of visions, intuitions and achievements of the above creators, who are underestimated and forgotten by time and the achievements of “cold” science, although neuroesthetics researchers who have been involved in the problem of perception of works of art and rehabilitation of the merits of the past in the area of neuroscience for some time cannot be denied their achievements. Ignoring their contribution and achievements in the science of cognition, especially as to this day they are continued in research laboratories, in my subjective opinion, equals the potential underestimation of Leonardo da Vinci’s contribution to medical science or Darwin’s to research emotions.
    Źródło:
    Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication; 2019, 25, 34; 137-147
    1731-450X
    Pojawia się w:
    Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Scientific Inquiry: Galen’s Optics in Dreams of Vision, Light & Pre-Natal Memory
    Autorzy:
    Gardiner, Judy B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/545523.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Filologiczny
    Tematy:
    Dreaming
    Amygdala
    Brain
    Light
    Cognitive/Sensory Processing
    Consciousness
    Claudius Galen
    HPA Axis
    Intuition-Instinct-Insight
    Memory
    Neuroanatomy
    Optic Disc
    Optogenetics
    Optic Nerve
    Soul
    Synapse
    Third Ventricle
    Universal Mind
    Visual Cortex
    Opis:
    The following inquiry is derived from a 1994 experiential study in dreaming consciousness in which a series of thirty-eight interlocking dreams revealed Claudius Galen’s (c130-201) pneumatic doctrine of vision. The research centers on the relationship of light in the brain to vision and memory. The objective is to contribute to the understanding of consciousness by elucidating learning-related patterns of neural activity guided by associative recognition in dream-wake states. Scientific breakthroughs introducing photons of light to control brain activity strengthened the findings. Premises stemming from neuroscientific and spiritual insights: *Activation of light in the optic disc may open the visual field to access pre-natal memory. *A unified sixth sense merging Intuition-Insight-Instinct may have its locus in the infundibular recess of the third ventricle. *Memory matrix in the amygdala relays information to the sixth sense thereby serving all sense organs.
    Źródło:
    Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne; 2015, 4; 191-212
    2353-4699
    Pojawia się w:
    Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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