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Tytuł:
O nowych miarach zaawansowania procesu starzenia się ludności
ON NEW MEASURES OF THE POPULATION AGEING PROCESS
Autorzy:
Abramowska-Kmon, Anita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
population ageing
conventional measures of population ageing
alternative measures of population ageing
Opis:
The main aim of the article was to review measures of the population ageing process. In the first part, traditional (conventional) measures of population ageing are presented (i.e. old-age rate, median age, ageing index, dependency ratios, potential support ratio, parent support ratio). These measures are based on chronological age and give a coherent picture of population ageing. However, they do not take into account changes in life expectancy. In other words, they are based on the assumption that a 65-year-old person in 2000 is considered to be just as old as a 65-year-old person in 1900. But the probability of surviving in these two years is different: the remaining life expectancy at age 65 was much higher in 2000 than in 1900. Therefore, the second part of the article presents the new (alternative) measures of population ageing, which are adjusted to life expectancy. In particular, it describes the following measures: proportion of the population in age groups that have a remaining life expectancy of 15 years or less (Prop. RLE15-), prospective median age, population average remaining years of life, and prospective old-age dependency ratio. In the last section, the results of a comparison between conventional and alternative measures are presented. The new measures indicate a slower pace of population ageing in the future than the traditional ones. Thus, the measures recommended for designing governmental programmes aimed at the elderly are the new measures, which take into account life expectancy.
Źródło:
Studia Demograficzne; 2011, 1(159); 3-22
0039-3134
Pojawia się w:
Studia Demograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
GERMAN HR MANAGERS IN THE WAKE OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS: HUMBLE HANGMEN OR INTELLIGENT PROBLEM SOLVERS?
Niemieccy menedzerowie w obliczu globalnego kryzysu
Autorzy:
Ackermann, Karl-Friedrich
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/598815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-12-15
Wydawca:
Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych
Tematy:
CAPABILITY OF HR DEPARTMENTS
CRISIS AS A THREAT
MEASURES OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS IN GERMANY
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest analiza zachowań niemieckich menedżerów HR w  czasach globalnego kryzysu. Na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych wśród wiodących menedżerów HR, faktów i  danych statystycznych postawiono cztery pytania: (1) jak postrzegali samych siebie menedżerowie HR w  obliczu wyzwań stawianych im przez kryzys?, (2) jakie narzędzia zastosowali, by z  nim walczyć?, (3) czy istnieją długofalowe megatrendy, które przesądzają o  kształcie zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi w  trakcie i  po zakończeniu kryzysu?, (4) jakie są obecne i  przyszłe priorytety menedżerów? Wykorzystana na potrzeby analizy baza danych odnosi się i  uwzględnia wyłącznie specyfikę Niemiec, niemniej należy podkreślić, że zaczerpnięte z  niej dane wskazują na ogólne trendy i  problemy, które mogą okazać się przydatne w  kontekście międzynarodowego przepływu wiedzy.
The objective of this article is to study the behavior of German HR managers in the wake of the global crisis. Some criticize them as humble hangmen who simply execute the orders of top management—killing jobs and laying off people. Others praise them as intelligent problem solvers who did an excellent job in mastering the crisis without causing mass unemployment. Based on an inquiry among leading HR managers as well as on statistical facts and figures, four questions are posed: (1) How did HR managers see themselves in the face of crisis challenges? (2) Which tools did they apply to master the crisis? (3) Are there any long-term megatrends that determine HRM during and after a global crisis? (4) What present and future priorities do the managers have? Numerous documents and other material of varying quality are available to answer these questions. Only a rough overview, however, is given below in order not to go beyond the scope of this article. Though the database used is country-specific and refers only to Germany, some general trends and issues have been observed, which might prove relevant in international knowledge transfer.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi; 2010, 6(77); 87-102
1641-0874
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modele prawny i pozaprawny uprawnień w stanach nadzwyczajnych
Legal and Extra-Legal Models of States of Emergency
Autorzy:
Adamczyk, Anita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
stany nadzwyczajne
model środków pozaprawnych
model prawny
states of emergency
extra-legal measures model
legal model
Opis:
The institution of states of emergency has acquired a new dimension with the development of states with a democratic system. Their feature is episodic and juridical. These states can be triggered by exogenous and/or endogenous factors. They are introduced in order to counteract the threat to the security of the state, its integrity and care for the welfare of the nation. During their duration, the role of the executive increases and civil rights and freedoms are restricted. In the article emphasis is placed on the models of the powers of government in states of emergency. The approaches of David Dyzenhaus and Oren Gross and Fionnual Ní Aoláin are presented. The thesis of the article is that the sources of power of the authorities in the period of extraordinate states have not only a legal basis, but are also located outside the law.
Instytucja stanów nadzwyczajnych nabrała nowego wymiaru wraz z rozwojem państw o ustroju demokratycznym. Ich cechą jest epizodyczność i jurydyzacja. Stany te mogą być wywołane przez czynniki egzogeniczne i/lub endogeniczne. Wprowadzane są w celu przeciwdziałania zagrożeniu bezpieczeństwa państwa, jego integralności oraz dbałości o dobro narodu. W okresie ich trwania wzrasta rola władzy wykonawczej, a prawa i wolności obywatelskie zostają ograniczone. W artykule nacisk położony został na modele uprawnień władzy w stanach nadzwyczajnych. Zaprezentowano podejścia Davida Dyzenhausa oraz Orena Grossa i Fionnuala Ní Aoláin. W artykule postawiono tezę głoszącą, że źródła uprawnień władz w okresie stanów ekstraordynaryjnych mają nie tylko podłoże prawne, ale także umiejscowione są poza prawem.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego; 2022, 6(70); 155-170
2082-1212
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of local government unit marketing orientation
Mierniki orientacji marketingowej jednostki samorządu terytorialnego
Autorzy:
Adamus-Matuszyńska, Anna
Dzik, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/589074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Local government unit (LGU)
Measures of marketing activities
New public management
Place marketing
Jednostka samorządu terytorialnego
Marketing terytorialny
Mierniki skuteczności
Opis:
Since the use of New Public Management (NPM) in practice, public sector institutions have used methods and techniques of private sector management. The aim of this article is theoretical analysis of local government involvement in marketing activities. Empirical research carried out by the authors on the logo content contributed to the research question: how one can assess the effectiveness of marketing activities of local government? Authors reviewed critically literature on marketing and NPM. Authors argue that local government must undertake actions in the field of territorial marketing, but so far no measurable indicators have been developed to assess this involvement.
Od czasów wykorzystywania koncepcji nowego zarządzania publicznego w praktyce instytucje odpowiedzialne za sferę publiczną korzystają z metod oraz technik zarządzania charakterystycznych dla sektora prywatnego. Celem artykułu jest próba teoretycznej analizy metod i technik badających stopień zaangażowania samorządów w działalność marketingową. Badania empiryczne autorów nad treścią logo oraz wykorzystaniem systemów identyfikacji wizualnej w marketingu terytorialnym w Polsce przyczyniły się do postawienia nowego pytania: jak można ocenić zaangażowanie oraz skuteczność prowadzonych działań marketingowych? Autorzy stawiają tezę, że jak dotąd nie wypracowano mierników pozwalających ocenić stopień (wielkość) zaangażowania marketingowego samorządu. Dlatego podejmują próbę udowodnienia, że można przygotować proste narzędzie pozwalające zmierzyć to zaangażowanie.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2017, 336; 172-182
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New approaches for the identification of influential and critical nodes in an electric grid
Autorzy:
Adebayo, Isaiah
Sun, Yanxia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2135727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
centrality measures
critical nodes
influential nodes
power flow
power system
Opis:
The aftermath of including new technologies in a modern electric system in conjunction with the incessant rise in power demand could pose a risk to the optimal operation of the system. Therefore, it becomes imperative to identify the most influential and critical nodes of such a system to avert future problems in network operation. In this paper, to identify most significant nodes of the system, the authors propose two measures of centrality in accordance with the network structural properties of a power system, namely, degree centrality (DC) and eigenvector centrality (EC). These are expressed considering the admittance matrix that exists among the interconnection of load to load nodes in an electrical power network. A critical node closeness centrality (CNCC) method is also proposed to identify critical nodes of the system. This is done by modifying the conventional closeness centrality (CC) to include the influence of interconnection that exists between network load to load nodes as captured by the admittance matrix between them. A comparative analysis of the proposed techniques with other conventional methods is also carried out. The result of the simulation shows that the proposed methods could serve as alternative tools in the identification of influential and weak nodes in a power system.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2022, 71, 3; 671--686
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exotic versus indigenous and implication for Environmental Forestry Management in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Autorzy:
Adedeji, Gabriel A.
Aiyeloja, Adedapo A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
SPIs
Tree declining
conservation measures
landscape trees
tree suitability class
Opis:
In recent years, the several causative factors of tree decline have caught our attention in the over 40-year-old University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT). Identical tree species decline and causing factors increasingly became persistently epidemic on environmental trees across Niger Delta. Despite the global growing demands on tree landscape systems and new concepts of biosecurity needs, which today expect greater responsibility from different societal groups to align these demands with operational utilization of suitable trees hopefully native species, Nigeria still hugely rely on exotic species for its landscape systems. While a plethora of articles have been aired and documented on Niger Delta contemporary issues in local and international debate convergences, the Oil Exploration and Human Developmental Projects (OEHDPs) effects dominate. This study provided utilization based information on Stress-Pests Infestations (SPIs) factors and challenges related to alien ornamental trees in Niger Delta where anaerobic soil condition perennially exists. Soil moisture stress has been recognized as formidable major threat to the safety of exotic (alien or non native species) trees and predisposing susceptible ornamental tree species to fungi invasions and subsequent infestation of living trees by termites, beetles and of recent weaver birds. To reduce the SPIs effectively, and improve human inhabitations, this study stresses the urgent policy need for a paradigm shift from landscape design utilizing alien tree species to the massive use of indigenous trees species native to Niger Delta region.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 74; 53-67
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The deployment of performance measurement system under the supply chain management environment: the case of Malaysian manufacturing companies
Autorzy:
Ahmad, K.
Zabri, S. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407217.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
performance measures
supply chain management
manufacturing sector
performance
Malaysia
Opis:
Performance measurement system in supply chain management (SCM) has been receiving increasing attention by business organizations as a way to evaluate efficiency in supply chain activities. Assessing the performance of supply chain uncovers the gap between planning and actual performance as to trace the potential problems thus ascertain necessary areas for improvement. This research aims to investigate the application of performance measurement system in SCM as well as exploring its relationship with organization’s performance among Malaysian manufacturing firms. By utilizing the questionnaire method, respondents involved were requested to indicate the extent to which they use a number of 24 selected performance measures that are related to SCM. The results show that the majority of the observed manufacturing firms utilize specific performance measurement tools in evaluating the supply chain performance. The current performance measurement techniques, the Balanced Score Card is adopted by around a quarter of the total responding firms followed by Supply Chain Operations References Model – SCOR, which attracts total users of only a fifth of the total respondents. In particular, performance measures under customer service category recorded the highest number of usage followed by cost-based performance measures and operations management. The results of this investigation also unveil few major points that are important to be highlighted. Firstly, the obtained outcomes of this study bring to light the significant relationships between the utilization of supply chain performance measures under customer service, operations management and organizational performance. In addition, this study discovered a significant correlation between the size of the organization and the extent of use of supply chain performance measures and how these two variables positively correlated. Lastly, the findings also suggested that the performance measures for SCM has been playing a crucial role in enhancing the performance of the organizations and is increasingly operated as the firms grow in size. Based on the brief highlighted points listed above, it is not an exaggeration to say that this research contributes new information to the body of knowledge in performance measurement system in SCM and its associations with organizational performance.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2018, 9, 1; 3-12
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Diversity for Classifier Ensemble Pruning : an Empirical Investigation
Autorzy:
Ahmed, M. A. O.
Didaci, L.
Lavi, B.
Fumera, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
multiple classifier systems
ensemble pruning
diversity measures
Opis:
The concept of `diversity' has been one of the main open issues in the field of multiple classifier systems. In this paper we address a facet of diversity related to its effectiveness for ensemble construction, namely, explicitly using diversity measures for ensemble construction techniques based on the kind of overproduce and choose strategy known as ensemble pruning. Such a strategy consists of selecting the (hopefully) more accurate subset of classifiers out of an original, larger ensemble. Whereas several existing pruning methods use some combination of individual classifiers' accuracy and diversity, it is still unclear whether such an evaluation function is better than the bare estimate of ensemble accuracy. We empirically investigate this issue by comparing two evaluation functions in the context of ensemble pruning: the estimate of ensemble accuracy, and its linear combination with several well-known diversity measures. This can also be viewed as using diversity as a regularizer, as suggested by some authors. To this aim we use a pruning method based on forward selection, since it allows a direct comparison between different evaluation functions. Experiments on thirty-seven benchmark data sets, four diversity measures and three base classifiers provide evidence that using diversity measures for ensemble pruning can be advantageous over using only ensemble accuracy, and that diversity measures can act as regularizers in this context
Źródło:
Theoretical and Applied Informatics; 2017, 29, 1-2; 25-39
1896-5334
Pojawia się w:
Theoretical and Applied Informatics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impulsive perturbation of C₀-semigroups and stochastic evolution inclusions
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729564.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
impulsive perturbations
C₀-semigroups
stochastic systems
differential inclusions
vector measures
impulsive controls
Opis:
In this paper, we consider a class of infinite dimensional stochastic impulsive evolution inclusions. We prove existence of solutions and study properties of the solution set. It is also indicated how these results can be used in the study of control systems driven by vector measures.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2002, 22, 1; 125-149
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimal control of impulsive stochastic evolution inclusions
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729552.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
impulsive perturbations
C₀-semigroups
stochastic systems
differential inclusions
vector measures
optimal controls
Opis:
In this paper, we consider a class of infinite dimensional stochastic impulsive evolution inclusions driven by vector measures. We use stochastic vector measures as controls adapted to an increasing family of complete sigma algebras and prove the existence of optimal controls.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2002, 22, 2; 155-184
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimal control of systems determined by strongly nonlinear operator valued measures
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
evolution equations
strongly nonlinear operator valued measures
existence of solutions
regularity properties
optimal control
Opis:
In this paper we consider a class of distributed parameter systems (partial differential equations) determined by strongly nonlinear operator valued measures in the setting of the Gelfand triple V ↪ H ↪ V* with continuous and dense embeddings where H is a separable Hilbert space and V is a reflexive Banach space with dual V*. The system is given by
dx + A(dt,x) = f(t,x)γ(dt) + B(t)u(dt), x(0) = ξ, t ∈ I ≡ [0,T]
where A is a strongly nonlinear operator valued measure mapping Σ × V to V* with Σ denoting the sigma algebra of subsets of the set I and f is a nonlinear operator mapping I × H to H, γ is a countably additive bounded positive measure and the control u is a suitable vector measure. We present existence, uniqueness and regularity properties of weak solutions and then prove the existence of optimal controls (vector valued measures) for a class of control problems.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2008, 28, 1; 165-189
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Topological dual of $B_∞(I, ₁(X,Y))$ with application to stochastic systems on Hilbert space
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729390.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
representation theory
topological dual
finitely additive operator-valued measures
polish space
Hilbert space
stochastic systems
structural control
uncertainty abatement
Opis:
In this paper, we prove that the topological dual of the Banach space of bounded measurable functions with values in the space of nuclear operators, furnished with the natural topology, is isometrically isomorphic to the space of finitely additive linear operator-valued measures having bounded variation in a Banach space containing the space of bounded linear operators. This is then applied to a stochastic structural control problem. An optimal operator-valued measure, considered as the structural control, is to be chosen so as to minimize fluctuation (volatility). Both existence of optimal policy and necessary conditions of optimality are presented including a conceptual algorithm.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2009, 29, 1; 67-90
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vector and operator valued measures as controls for infinite dimensional systems: optimal control
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
evolution equations
Banach spaces
operator valued measures
strong operator topology
existence of solutions
optimal control
Opis:
In this paper we consider a general class of systems determined by operator valued measures which are assumed to be countably additive in the strong operator topology. This replaces our previous assumption of countable additivity in the uniform operator topology by the weaker assumption. Under the relaxed assumption plus an additional assumption requiring the existence of a dominating measure, we prove some results on existence of solutions and their regularity properties both for linear and semilinear systems. Also presented are results on continuous dependence of solutions on operator and vector valued measures, and other parameters determining the system which are then used to prove some results on control theory including existence and necessary conditions of optimality. Here the operator valued measures are treated as structural controls. The paper is concluded with some examples from classical and quantum mechanics and a remark on future direction.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2008, 28, 1; 95-131
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Weak compactness in the space of operator valued measures $M_ba(Σ,(X,Y))$ and its applications
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729361.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
space of operator valued measures
weak compactness
semigroups of bounded linear operators
optimal structural control
Opis:
In this note we present necessary and sufficient conditions characterizing conditionally weakly compact sets in the space of (bounded linear) operator valued measures $M_{ba}(Σ,(X,Y))$. This generalizes a recent result of the author characterizing conditionally weakly compact subsets of the space of nuclear operator valued measures $M_{ba}(Σ,₁(X,Y))$. This result has interesting applications in optimization and control theory as illustrated by several examples.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2011, 31, 2; 231-247
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Controllability of evolution equations and inclusions driven by vector measures
Autorzy:
Ahmed, N.U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729615.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
controlability
impulsive systems
differential inclusions
Hilbert spaces
vector valued measures
C₀ semigroups
Opis:
In this paper, we consider the question of controllability of a class of linear and semilinear evolution equations on Hilbert space with measures as controls. We present necessary and sufficient conditions for weak and exact (strong) controllability of a linear system. Using this result we prove that exact controllability of the linear system implies exact controllability of a perturbed semilinear system. Controllability problem for the semilinear system is formulated as a fixed point problem on the space of vector measures and is concluded controllability from the existence of a fixed point. Our results cover impulsive controls as well as regular controls.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2004, 24, 1; 49-72
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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