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Wyszukujesz frazę "legal process" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Das Kartellgericht der Weimarer Republik: eine Institution zwischen Verwaltungsgericht, Zivilgericht und Verwaltungsbehörde und seine Bedeutung für den verwaltungsgerichtlichen Rechtsschutz
The Antitrust Court of the Weimar Republic: an Institution Between the Administrative Court, Civil Court and Administrative Authority and its Significance for Administrative Legal Protection
Autorzy:
Reichenthaler, Michael Johannes
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
administrative law protection
Weimar Republic
antitrust court
legal process
judicial responsibilities
Opis:
This article deals with the possibilities of obtaining administrative court legal protection at the imperial/national level during the Weimar Republic. Characteristic for this epoch of German administrative jurisdiction is the formation of numerous specialized administrative courts. As an example of this practice, the following article focuses on the Antitrust Court as a typical special administrative court of the Weimar period. However, it begins with the changes in administrative jurisdiction in general that resulted from the new Weimar Constitution, which gave administrative courts constitutional protection for the first time in German legal history. In addition, the paper outlines how this new constitutional framework was received by scholars and had an impact in practice. However, the proclamation of a German Republic after World War I, not only changed the constitution, but also meant that the administration was confronted with completely new challenges. How the German administration responded to this new situation is also briefly outlined in order to provide a better understanding of the importance and scope of the administrative courts' activities at the national level. The article focuses on the antitrust court and in particular on its competences and available remedies. These two parameters of court organization provide information on whether the Antitrust Court was actually an institution committed to legal protection or whether the effectiveness of the administration was the guiding idea that shaped the activity of the Antitrust Court.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 119-147
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Axiomatic formulation of the optimal transaction cost theory in the legal process through Cobb-Douglas optimization
Autorzy:
Bonsu, K.O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
legal process
Cobb-Douglas optimization
game theory
transaction costs
Lagrangian approach
Opis:
Subject and purpose of work: This paper uses Cobb-Douglas optimization to formulate an optimal transaction cost algorithm within the constraint of a generalized legal framework. Materials and methods: The author has adopted a Lagrangian approach to formulate the social utility function, then, from a set of legally allowed strategies established the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions for the legal game so as to find the optimal parameters within the social utility function. Finally, the optimal transaction cost algorithm was developed. Results: The Bordered Hessian Matrix from the partial differentials of the social utility function showed that there is a particular parameter within the social utility function which describes the optimal transaction cost. An adjustment of this parameter is essential in mechanism design for legal games. Conclusions: The author has shown how transaction costs influence the set of strategies played by players in a legal game, and has described the essence of a social utility function and how it can be optimized.
Źródło:
Economic and Regional Studies; 2021, 14, 3; 385-389
2083-3725
2451-182X
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Regional Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Codification and Legal Sources in the Albanian Legal System: Comparative Approach to Legal Systems
Autorzy:
Olldashi, Enkeleda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036947.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
codification process
legal system
legal reasoning
sources of law
Opis:
The civil law system entered the codification path during the 19th century, enabling the creation of uniformity, such as drafting a civil code and building a new (national) identity. The structure of the code suggests that it provides a comprehensive, internally coherent set of rules for private law. The adopted civil codes secure lawyers a systematic and coherent foundation for the legal system and legal reasoning. Codification allowed laws to be in an easily identified document easily. Traditionally, the civil law system has been subject to several codification and consolidation processes during different periods in time, influenced from political, social or economic reforms. In Albania after the proclamation of the Monarchy, work began on the preparation of various codes, with the crucial one being the Civil Code. The first Albanian Civil Code entered in force on the 1st of April 1929. This process was the first step for the Albanian Legislator to compare the secularity of the European legal framework to that of the Ottoman Empire. In 1991, the end of the communist era in Albania was marked by bringing the transformation of the economy into a market-oriented system and the creation of a legal system that protected the right of private property. The Albanian system as a continental system has developed a system based on systematic approach to laws, a procedure known as dogmatic approach. It has created an internal system of laws based on generally codified norms and principles. The purpose of this paper is to explain the impact of political, social or economic reforms in the codification process and the nature of legal sources in Albania.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2018, 17; 36-45
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zanik procesu deszyfracji normy a jej obowiązywanie w sensie faktycznym
The Decline of the Norm-deciphering Process and Effectiveness of Legal Norms in the Factual Sense
Autorzy:
Piwowarczyk, Wojciech
Słupski, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/637929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
norm-deciphering process
language of legal norms
lawmaking process
specialized norm
Opis:
The article is an analysis of the language of legal norms in the context of its cognitive value, with an assumption that currently created norms are gradually deprived of their intelligibility towards the norm’s addressees, being in fact addressed directly to lawyers. Moreover, authors claim that there is a growing trend in the lawmaking process to create law which, in order to be applied, needs to be supplied with information from other genres of knowledge, external to law. In order to describe this phenomenon they introduce a new term, the “specialized norm”, and, through investigation of specific legal cases, they prove significance of the issue. By means of concepts deriving from philosophy of law and theory of language, the paper points out a strengthening tendency in legislative process, which forces one to ask themselves certain basic questions of nature and purpose of the law.
Źródło:
Rocznik Kognitywistyczny; 2011, 5; 151-158
1689-927X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Kognitywistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of Law in the Legal Order of the Council of Europe
Autorzy:
Liżewski, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/618827.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
human rights, legal order, decision-making process, the application of law, judicial type, controlling mechanism
Brak słów kluczowych w języku polskim
Opis:
This article is devoted to the application of law in the legal order of the Council of Europe. It presents guidelines for the decision-making process of the application of law applied in the legal area of the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Social Charter. The aim of this article is to present the characteristics of the decision-making process of the application of law in terms of human rights protection on European and supranational level, as well as the differences between such processes carried out on the basis of the ECHR and the ESC.
Niniejszy artykuł został poświęcony problematyce stosowania prawa w porządku Rady Europy. Przedstawia on założenia procesu decyzyjnego stosowania prawa realizowanego w obszarze prawnym Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka i Europejskiej Kary Społecznej. Zamierzonym celem artykułu było pokazanie specyfiki procesu decyzyjnego stosowania prawa w przedmiocie ochrony praw człowieka na europejskim poziomie ponadnarodowym, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem różnic tego procesu, realizowanego na podstawie EKPC i EKS. Ich pokazanie wymagało przedstawienia ogólnej charakterystyki Rady Europy i jej aktywności w obszarze europejskiej ochrony praw człowieka. Następnie w ramach zagadnień szczegółowych analizie poddano: sądowy mechanizm kontrolny poszanowania praw człowieka przez państwa, inicjowany na podstawie skargi indywidualnej, realizowany przez Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka w ramach typu sądowego stosowania prawa; pozasądowy mechanizm kontrolny, realizowany przez Komitet Niezależnych Ekspertów, którego istotą jest ocena realizowania przez państwa-strony zobowiązań z EKS, a nie dochodzenie przez podmioty indywidualne praw z karty, do których gwarantowania państwo się zobowiązało. Te dwa zdecydowanie odmienne prawnie mechanizmy kontrolne wyznaczane są jako systemowe konsekwencje dla państw, związane z przystąpieniem do EKPC i EKS, charakterem zobowiązań z nich wynikających oraz możliwością ich gwarantowania i dochodzenia na drodze prawnej przez jednostki. W sposób zasadniczy wpływają one na przebieg procesu decyzyjnego stosowania prawa w porządku Rady Europy i rodzaje rozumowań wykorzystywanych w ramach tych procesów.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2015, 24, 2
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zmian regulacji prawnych na realizację budowlanego procesu inwestycyjnego
The influence of alternations in legal regulations on completion of construction investment process
Autorzy:
Rybka, I.
Bondar-Nowakowska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
inwestycje budowlane
procesy inwestycyjne
realizacja procesow budowlanych
ryzyko
przepisy prawne
zmiany przepisow
building investment
investment process
construction process
process realization
risk
legal regulation
legal change
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura; 2017, 16, 2
1644-0633
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Managing the process of electronic communication in a small legal firm
Zarządzanie procesem komunikacji elektronicznej w małej kancelarii prawnej
Autorzy:
Dziadkiewicz, Michał
Baskiewicz, Nicoletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/432195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
electronic communication process
electronic document
legal regulations on personal data protection
legal professional privilege
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to present the issues related to the management process in the electronic communication of a small law firm. In the introduction, the role of information and knowledge in shaping the competitiveness of enterprises is presented. Then the phenomenon of electronic communication as a process of data transmission is shown, which on the one hand determines the competitive position of economic entities including law firms and legal counsellors, and on the other hand, it is the subject of legal regulations. Because the information provided by electronic means shall be subject to the professional secrecy of legal attorneys or solicitors, as the principle of confidentiality applicable to lawyers according to relevant legislation does not exempt these entities from the responsibility in terms of the protection of personal data. Another area raised in the article is to identify actions to protect information transmitted electronically. The last part of the study is to present the results of studies that show the extent to which we use e-mail, free applications such as Dropbox and Google Drive. Moreover the issues of the frequency of password changing and encryption of media as well as attacks on data owned by an office have been discussed. The whole content has been summarized with conclusions.
Źródło:
Informatyka Ekonomiczna; 2016, 1(39); 65-74
1507-3858
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka Ekonomiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmental Impact Assessments in Investment Process – Legal and Methodological Aspects
Autorzy:
Harasymiuk, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
environmental impact assessment
legal regulations
investment process
construction projects
Opis:
For a decade or so, environmental impact assessments have been a tool used in investment process in order to evaluate the impact of a planning document or a given construction project on the environment. The legal regulation in force approaches determining the elements making up each assessment selectively. There is also a lack of methodological guidelines pertaining to the rules of assessment making (such guidelines were prepared in reference of e.g. motorways and dual carriage ways or wind power plants). It hinders understanding the aims and the range of environmental impact assessments by society and investors as well as obtaining acceptance for making them by the latter. The article presents the issue of the principal environmental assessments (strategic environmental impact assessment, environmental impact assessment and impact assessment on Natura 2000 sites) in the legal and methodological context. The conducted studies showed that unstable legal system in the field of environmental assessments endangers correctness and punctuality of preparation of an building investment.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 10; 79-87
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Constitutional and Legal Basis of the Decision-Making Processes Applied by Public Administration Bodies in the Slovak Republic
Autorzy:
Ondrová, Júlia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/680914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Slovak Republic, post-modern state, Constitution, public administration, rule-of-law state, administrative process, public administration bodies, legal right, protection
Opis:
The subject-matter of the article is the identification and analysis of the constitutional foundations of the legal provisions regulating the administrative procedure of public administration bodies in the Slovak Republic and analysis of decisions made by the Slovak Constitutional Court and Supreme Court. The administrative procedure represents an immanent process in which state and public administration bodies make decisions on rights, legitimate interests as well as obligations and duties in the field of state and public administration. The author aims to identify the most important provisions of the Slovak Constitution and to demonstrate their significance for the decision-making activities of domestic public administration bodies and at the same time to find out if the constitutional and legal basis is sufficient enough to make amendments regarding the decision-making processes of Slovak public administration bodies. The author's research hypothesis, resting on an enquiry to identify if the constitutional amendment is satisfactory and acceptable, is followed by an investigation of mutual relations between the current state of our society and its conditions being in a state of its rapid development and the contents of the constitutional amendment. It is argued that the Constitution as the basic piece of legislation must be adopted with accepted text so that potential changes would not entail having to change the Constitution.
Źródło:
Rocznik Administracji Publicznej; 2017, 3
2449-7800
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Administracji Publicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi o sytuacji prawnej zwierzęcia pokrzywdzonego czynem zabronionym w polskim procesie karnym
Remarks About Legal Situation of Animal Injured By Prohibited Act in Polish Criminal Process
Autorzy:
Mazur, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
animal
non-personal carriers of legal rights
criminal process
interests
Opis:
The article is focused on the issues relating to a legal situation of an animal as a victim of a criminal offense. Currently, according to the rules of criminal procedure, an animal, as an entity, cannot be legally recognised a victim, which significantly lowers efficiency with which its interests can be protected. There are strong moral and pragmatic reasons to grant animals the status of a non-personal carrier of legal rights. Legal personality of animals as victims during a criminal trial should be of only passive nature, allowing recognition of legally-protected interests of the animal.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2018, 9, 1; 128-139
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projektowane zmiany Prawa zamówień publicznych. Nowelizacja wciąż bez systemowych rozwiązań
Proposed Changes to the Public Procurement Law. Amendments that Still Lack Systemic Solutions
Autorzy:
Panasiuk, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-08
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
public procurement law
legal regulation
Public Procurement Office
legislative process
Opis:
As a result of the adoption by the European Parliament, in 2014, of the package of new directives coordinating the procedure of public procurement granting, it was possible to consider improvements of the binding legal regulations, both with regard to their adjustment to the new directives, and with regard to the use of the experience gathered to date. Months passed since the adoption of the new directives, but no clear information was provided on the future of the public procurement law: whether comprehensive works would be taken to reconstruct the procurement system, or whether the government would focus on adding new provisions to the existing legal regulation that was not clear anyhow already. From time to time, the public opinion was informed about the works on the implementation of the new directives package. Today we know, though, that it will consist in another amendment to the public procurement law, deprived of the thorough consideration of the functioning of the procurement system.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2016, 61, 4 (369); 120-131
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
L’appello nel nuovo processo matrimoniale
The appeal in the new matrimonial process
Autorzy:
MONETA, PAULO
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/661365.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
riforma legislativa
processo canonico
processo matrimoniale
appello
legal reform
canonical process
marriage annulment process
appeal
Opis:
The motu proprio Mitis Iudex issued by Pope Francis, which has introduced a reform of the nullity of marriage causes, contains a new regulation as regards the appeal. It is not clear, however, if this new regulation should be applied to all sentences or only to those sentences that declare the nullity of marriage. The author scrutinizes the arguments in favor of the different positions and the implied consequences for the concrete execution of the ecclesiastical judgment. His conclusion is that a specific regime should be applied for each of the two sentences. It is then shown what is the preliminary check that the judicial college has to accomplish in order to verify that the appeal is not pursued with the mere intent of procrastination, by referring to the decisions adopted by the Roman Rota.
Il motu proprio Mitis Iudex di Papa Francesco, che ha introdotto una riforma delle cause di nullità di matrimonio, contiene una nuova regolamentazione riguardante l’appello. Non è però chiaro se questa nuova normativa debba applicarsi a tutte le sentenze o soltanto a quelle che dichiarano la nullità. L’autore esamina le ragioni addotte a sostegno delle diverse posizioni e le conseguenze che ne derivano nel concreto svolgimento dei giudizi ecclesiastici, giungendo alla conclusione che debba essere adottato un regime diversificato per i due tipi di sentenze. Viene poi illustrato il contenuto dell’accertamento preliminare che deve compiere il collegio giudicante al fine di verificare che l’appello non sia manifestamente dilatorio, facendo riferimento alle decisioni adottate dal Tribunale della Rota Romana.  
Źródło:
Prawo Kanoniczne; 2017, 60, 1; 97-116
2353-8104
Pojawia się w:
Prawo Kanoniczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The time to completion of a legal merger: General concepts, statistical analysis and the case of Poland
Autorzy:
Buczek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
merger process
acquisition process
legal procedure of mergers
duration analysis
Polish domestic mergers
statistical tests
Opis:
The legal process involved in domestic mergers has been considered. European Union regulations were investigated, as well as their direct transposition into Polish legislation. The process itself always consists of managerial, ownership and registration phases. Nevertheless, these phases are not homogeneous and may take different courses depending on the provisions prescribed by the regulations. Several methods of measuring the time to complete mergers have been presented. In the empirical part of the article, the definition of the private time to completion has been adopted which assumes that that the procedure starts by drafting the terms of the merger and ends with the registration of the merger. The influence of different provisions on this measure has been analyzed for the case of Polish domestic mergers. Moreover, statistical reasoning has been conducted for this market showing that several recent legal amendments have shortened the legal procedure involved in consolidation. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions for future research have been presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2016, 26, 1; 19-44
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SYMBOLIC PROTECTION OF ANIMALS
Autorzy:
BIELSKA-BRODZIAK, AGNIESZKA
DRAPALSKA-GROCHOWICZ, MARLENA
SUSKA, MAREK
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
symbolic legislation
animal protection
legal interpretation
practical dimension of law
legislative process
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to attempt to understand some institutions of Polish animal protection law using the concept of “symbolic legislation”. The law is symbolic when, despite apparently ordering or prohibiting certain behaviours, it does not establish effective mechanisms for enforcing these obligations. The authors on selected examples show that in the field of animal protection law, there are no such symbolic solutions. At the same time, they indicate that not all of these situations deserve a negative assessment and come to the conclusion that the “symbolism” of regulation is not always the fault of the legislator himself. The concept of symbolic legislation allows a better understanding of how a legal act can affect social reality - among others, where there is a strong need for social education, such as in the field of animal protection.
Źródło:
Society Register; 2019, 3, 3; 103-121
2544-5502
Pojawia się w:
Society Register
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zamykanie i rekultywacja dzikich składowisk odpadów niespełniających wymagań prawnych po wejściu Polski do UE na przykładzie wybranego składowiska z terenu powiatu nowosądeckiego
The closing and remediation of the non-regu-lated landfills non-conforming with legal requirements after the joining of Poland to EU, on the example of a selected landfill at the territory of Nowy Sącz district
Autorzy:
Mamak, M.
Kicińska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/372336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
składowisko odpadów
proces rekultywacji
wymagania prawne
monitoring
landfill
remediation process
legal requirements
Opis:
W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono najważniejsze zagadnienia dotyczące prawnych aspektów związanych z zamykaniem i rekultywacją składowisk odpadów innych niż niebezpieczne i obojętne, na których składowano głów-nie odpady komunalne. Odniesiono się również do niezbędnego monitoringu, jaki powinien być realizowany w okresie poeksploatacyjnym. Dokonano także analizy i oceny przebiegu takiego procesu na przykładzie wybranego, nieczynnego składowiska położonego na terenie powiatu nowosądeckiego.
In this work, the most important issues related to legal aspects of closing and remediation of landfills used for storage of waste other than hazardous and inert waste, which means mainly for municipal waste storage, are considered. The work also refers to the required monitoring which should be performed in post-operation period. The analysis and evaluation of such process has been performed upon the example of the selected inoperable landfill located at the territory of Nowy Sącz district.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski; 2016, 162 (42); 138-154
1895-7323
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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