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Tytuł:
The relative input of payoffs and probabilities into risk judgment
Autorzy:
Michalaszek, Agata
Sokolowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430114.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
risk perception
risk judgment
holistic judgment
dimensional model
Opis:
The study was designed to investigate the relative input of payoffs and probabilities into risk judgment on the basis of the analysis of information search pattern. The modified version of MouselabWeb software (http://www.mouselabweb.org) was used as an investigative tool. The amount, the kind and the order of information accessed by subjects to evaluate risk was collected from ordinary respondents and respondents trained in mathematics and statistics. In the latter group were 75 students and young researchers working at National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The ordinary subjects were 67 Polish students of social sciences. As expected, the NASA group considered more information than ordinary students and searched for more information about probabilities. However, the ratio of information about payoffs to probabilities was close to 1 in both groups. Moreover, average risk rates were similar in both groups. It was also observed that risk rates were positively related with the amount of information about probabilities considered by subjects.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2010, 41, 2; 46-51
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The strength of emotions in moral judgment and decision-making under risk
Autorzy:
Tyszka, Tadeusz
Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
moral judgment
moral choice
moral emotions
judgment and choice under risk
Opis:
The focus of this paper is the role of emotions in judgments and choices associated with moral issues. Study 1 shows that depending on the strength of emotions when making a moral decision, people become sensitive to the severity and the probability of harm that their decisions can bring to others. A possible interpretation is that depending on the strength of emotions, people in their moral judgments choose to be either utilitarian or deontologist. In Study 2, following the priority heuristic model, we found that in situations in which the violation of moral norms does not evoke strong negative emotions, people are sensitive to quantitative risk parameters (probabilities and outcomes), and the decision-making process requires a relatively longer time. In moral situations in which a violation of the moral norm evokes strong emotions, decision-making is based on arguments other than quantitative risk parameters, and the process takes a shorter time.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2012, 43, 2; 132-144
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
La reconnaissance et lexécution en Pologne des décisions étrangères en matière civile à la lumière de la jurisprudence de la Cour Suprême
Autorzy:
Jodłowski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43665828.pdf
Data publikacji:
1977-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
recognition
implementing
Polska
judgment
foreign judgment
case
civil case
jurisdiction
Supreme Court
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1977, 1 (33); 5-32
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sąd Boży w Biblii jako pozytywne wyczekiwane doświadczenie
God’s Judgment in the Bible as a Positive and Awaited Event
Autorzy:
Rucki, Miroslaw
Szymański, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375698.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego
Tematy:
sąd
Sąd Ostateczny
sprawiedliwość
Jezus Chrystus
judgment
the Last Judgment
justice
Jesus Christ
Opis:
Artykuł zawiera przegląd i analizę tekstów biblijnych związanych z sądem od upadku pierwszych ludzi poprzez czasy Mojżesza i proroków aż do Chrystusa i sądu ostatecznego. Analiza wykazuje, że sąd Boży opisywany na kartach Pisma św. znacznie różni się od popularnych o nim wyobrażeń. Niektórzy badacze postrzegają sąd ostateczny jako przekleństwo kontrastujące z wiecznym błogosławieństwem czy też z eschatologiczną mesjańską ucztą, tymczasem wiele biblijnych tekstów podkreśla pozytywny charakter sądu Bożego. Bóg jest ukazywany w Biblii jako sprawiedliwy sędzia, dbający o prawa najsłabszych, do którego zwraca się każdy pokrzywdzony. Kara, wynikająca ze sprawiedliwego osądu, jest ostatecznym zniszczeniem tego, co już zostało zburzone przez złoczyńców. W tym kontekście sąd ostateczny jawi się jako wyczekiwane pozytywne doświadczenie.
In the paper, the overview and analysis of the Biblical texts connected with God’s judgment is presented, starting with the sin of the first humans, through the times of Moses and prophets up to Jesus Christ and the eschatological final judgment. It was shown in the analysis, that the God’s judgment described in the Bible is quite different from its popular understanding. Some scholars see the final judgment as a curse contrasting with eternal blessing or with eschatological Messianic celebration, while many Biblical passages emphasize the positive essence of the God’s judgment. God is presented as a just judge who case about the rights of the weakest ones, and to Him turns every offended one. The punishment resulting from the just verdict means in fact the ultimate destruction of the things damaged by the wrongdoers. In this context, the final eschatological judgment is presented as a positive and awaited event.
Źródło:
Scriptura Sacra; 2020, 24; 111-130
1428-7218
Pojawia się w:
Scriptura Sacra
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected Issues of the Burden of Proof in Polish Civil Proceedings
Autorzy:
Piotr, Nepelski,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
evidence
presumption
witness
court
judgment
Opis:
The burden of proof is a major part of the way in which the litigant in Polish civil procedure goes to favorable judgment for him or her. It may be difficult in certain situations therefore, the lawgiver introduced the presumptions. On the other hand, civil procedure has also evidence obstructions, particularly applied to the evidences named by the Code of Civil Procedure. This article shortly introduces the issue associated with it.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2016, 68; 207-218
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niekonstytucyjność art. 4241 § 1 K.P.C. – Studium przypadku
Unconstitutionality of article 4241 § 1 of civil proceedings law – case study
Autorzy:
Michta, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Raciborzu
Tematy:
plaint
damage
judgment
litigant
proxy
Opis:
Author considers if Article 4241 § 1 of Civil Proceedings Law is contrary to Basic Law, when it reduces possibility of placing plaint for identifying inconsistency with law of valid court decision in case when ,by its rendering, only one litigant suffered a damage. Law mentioned previously indicates that demanding of identifying inconsistency with law of valid court decision of second instance ending proceedings in process, is possible if by its rendering, litigant suffered a damage and a change or repeal of the judgement by tenable legal means wasn’t and is still not possible. Author shows that mentioned law doesn’t warrant placing a plaint to identify inconsistency with law of valid court decision, in case when by its rendering damage wasn’t done to litigant, but to assigned proxy representing litigant.
Źródło:
Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development; 2018, 1(94); 63-68
1897-2349
2657-5760
Pojawia się w:
Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Roman Catholic Church’s Late Medieval Teaching on Eschatology as the Basis for Visual Catechesis
Autorzy:
Mąkosa, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2150792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
eschatology
catechesis
iconography
Last Judgment
Opis:
This article reflects on the Catholic Church’s teaching on eschatology at the end of the Middle Ages. These teachings serve as the preliminary basis of an analysis of the visual catechesis depicted in medieval frescoes and paintings of the Last Judgment. The article will examine the Second Council of Lyons (1274), apostolic constitution Benedictus Deus (1336), and the Council of Florence’s (1439) teaching on eschatology. The specific teachings that this article will address are: particular judgment and the Last Judgment, the essence of the beatitude experienced by those who are saved (visio beaticifa), and the existence of purgatory and what, precisely, it is.
Źródło:
Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej; 2019, 18; 139-151
1644-8855
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Romanae Rotae Tribunal, Decisiones seu Sentantiae selectae inter eas quae anno 2014 prodierunt cura eiusdem Apostolici Tribunalis editae, volumen CVI, Città del Vaticano, Amministrazione del Patrimonio della Sede Apostolica e Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2021, ss. LII + 483.
Autorzy:
Góralski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21151059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-27
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
wyrok
Rota Rzymska
judgment
Roman Rota
Źródło:
Ius Matrimoniale; 2022, 33, 2; 229-233
1429-3803
2353-8120
Pojawia się w:
Ius Matrimoniale
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“A światłość w ciemności świeci...” Konfrontacja światłości z ciemnością w Ewangelii Janowej
“The Light Shines in the Darkness …” The Confrontation of Light with Darkness in the Gospel according to St. John
Autorzy:
Piekarz, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1621577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07-14
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
światło
ciemność
sąd
light
darkness
judgment
Opis:
Symbolika światłości i ciemności, dobrze znana autorom Starego Testamentu, występuje szczególnie często w Ewangelii Janowej. Podczas gdy łatwo jest odgadnąć, że dla Jana symbol światła odnosi się do działania Chrystusa w świecie, trudniej jest dokładnie sprecyzować symbolikę – zdecydowanie negatywną – ciemności; opinie komentatorów są bardzo podzielone. Biblijny obraz światła łączy w sobie nierozdzielnie wymiar poznawczy i moralny, światło pozwala poznać Boga, wskazuje drogę do Niego, a zarazem odsłania prawdę o ludzkich czynach, dlatego sprawcy zła unikają światła, ukrywając w mroku swoje czyny. W teologii Janowej męka Jezusa jest ukazana jako czas działania ciemności, jednak jej zwycięstwo jest tylko pozorne i bardzo krótkie: po nocy męki nadchodzi świt zmartwychwstania.
The symbolism of light and darkness, well known to the authors of the Old Testament, appears particularly often in the Gospel according to St. John. While it is relatively easy to guess that for the writer the symbol of light represents the active presence of Christ in the world, it is much harder to identify precisely the symbolism – undoubtedly negative – of the darkness. On this point commentators have differed very much in their opinions. The biblical image of light joins inseparably a cognitive dimension and a moral one: the light allows us to get to know God, marking the way to Him, and at the same time reveals the truth of human deeds. That is why evildoers avoid the light, hiding their deeds in darkness. In the theology of St. John, the Passion of Christ is presented as a time when darkness prevails, yet its victory is only a brief illusion. Following the night of Passion, the dawn of the Resurrection approaches.
Źródło:
Verbum Vitae; 2016, 29; 251-269
1644-8561
2451-280X
Pojawia się w:
Verbum Vitae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unawareness of Self-interest Bias in Moral Judgments of Others’ Behavior
Autorzy:
Bocian, Konrad
Wojciszke, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951959.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-interest
moral judgment
egotistic bias
Opis:
Previous studies (Bocian & Wojciszke, 2014) showed that self-interest biases moral perception of others’ unethical actions. Moreover, affective changes in attitudinal responses towards the perpetrator of an immoral act drives the bias. In the present studies, we attempted to answer the question whether people are aware of the self-interest bias in their judgments of others’ behavior. We conducted two experiments showing that moral judgments of verbally described and imagined actions were dominated by norms rather than self-interest (Study 1) and that people were not aware that self-interest distorted their moral judgment (Study 2). The unawareness of the self-interest bias among the participants was attributable to omission of their own emotional responses when forecasting their moral judgments. We discuss the importance of emotions presence in studies on moral judgments as well as contribution of the present research to the intuitionist approach to moral judgment.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 4; 411-417
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Judgement calls: the ethics of educational deliberation
Autorzy:
Richard, Smith,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/891976.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
judgment
educational research
Randomised Controlled Trials
Opis:
In all kinds of ways the idea of judgement has fallen under suspicion in recent times, and opportunities to exercise it have become fewer. It has suffered from being confused with judgmentalism, and from the assumption that it amounts to little more than subjective whim or preference. In the public services of the UK, and especially in education, it has been steadily eliminated by micromanagement and the insistence on tightly specified criteria, for example for assessment, and centrally detailed curricular schemes of work. The growth of neoliberalism, in which judgement becomes replaced by choice, has contributed to these developments. I argue that while the use of judgement does not constitute judgmentalism it cannot be practised in a moral vacuum, and that the exercise of moral judgement is more ubiquitous in our daily lives than is generally acknowledged. Finally I argue that opportunities for judgement and interpretation work to give our lives meaning, and that understandings of the nature of education that are implied by prevalent models of educational research, especially Randomised Controlled Trials and the insistence that educational research should be focused on discovering ‘what works’, further marginalise judgement and the making and discovery of meaning.
Źródło:
Kultura Pedagogiczna. Międzynarodowe Pismo Pedagogiczne; 2014, 01(1); 101-114
2391-9175
2450-1816
Pojawia się w:
Kultura Pedagogiczna. Międzynarodowe Pismo Pedagogiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konsekwencje finansowe i gospodarcze wyroku Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego RFN w przedmiocie pierwszeństwa prawa UE
Financial and economic consequences of the judgment of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany on the primacy of EU law
Autorzy:
Marchewka-Bartkowiak, Kamilla
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Germany
judgment
Polska
ECB
European Union
Opis:
According to the author, the FCC judgment should not have direct financial and economic effects either in the euro area or for Poland. The execution of the FCC judgment is conditional and will depend on institutional arrangements. However, even if the Bundesbank complies with the judgment, the effects will probably be significantly limited or even eliminated as part of the Eurosystem’s activities.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2020, 3(67); 149-154
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konsekwencje gospodarcze wyroku Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego RFN w przedmiocie pierwszeństwa prawa UE
Economic consequences of the judgment of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany on the primacy of EU law
Autorzy:
Orłowski, Witold M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Germany,
judgment,
Poland,
ECB,
European Union
Opis:
The subject of the opinion is a judgment issued by the German Federal Constitutional Court regarding the program of purchase of public sector assets on secondary markets conducted by the European Central Bank in 2015–2018. The opinion concerns only the economic aspects of the FCC judgment, in particular the impact on the current and future economic situation of the euro area, the monetary policy pursued, the competences of the European Central Bank, as well as the potential impact on the Polish economy.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2020, 3(67); 141-148
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia prawna dotycząca orzeczenia Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego RFN w przedmiocie pierwszeństwa prawa UE
Legal opinion concerning the judgment of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany on the primacy of EU law
Autorzy:
Mik, Cezary
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Germany
judgment
CJEU
ECB
European Union
Opis:
In the author’s view, the judgment of the FCC concerning activities of the European Central Bank regarding the primacy of EU law over national law is of significance, due into the authority of the German constitutional court. However, it does not translate directly to foreign conditions. The view expressed in the judgment is that the ultra vires doctrine forms limits to the principle of primacy of European Union law over member state law. As a result, the principle of primacy may only be binding within the scope of the European Union law. Moreover, criteria of assessment of EU’s legislative activity and ECJ’s jurisprudence are drafted from the perspective of the ultra vires doctrine.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2020, 3(67); 112-140
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Commentary Reflection of Moral Psychology Based on Embodied Cognition
Autorzy:
Yang, Shaogang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781263.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
moral judgment
embodied cognition
moral competence
Opis:
 The rise of embodied cognition in recent ten years has brought about significant influence on the research of moral psychology. On the one hand, the development of neuro-cognitive science has facilitated the research of morality deeply into the mirror neurons of brain, no longer being limited simply on the philosophical speculation; and on the other hand the experimental research of embodied cognition has provided new evidence for some traditional and philosophical moral issues and even made some new recognition of the issues which are different from the traditional interpretations. Tracing back to the research of the Western moral psychology, we find that cognitive rationality and virtual ethics are the two main research lines for moral psychology.（1）J. Piaget and L. Kohlberg opened a way for the research of cognitive development of morality, and their successors have formed new Kohlbergian School, such as the moral judgment theory based on DIT proposed by J. Rest and his colleagues, G. Lind’s dual-aspect theory based on his MCT and KMDD®; the social cognitive domain theory proposed by E. Turiel and his colleagues; the feminine caring ethics advocated by C. Gilligan and N. Noddings; the Social Intuitionist Theory proposed by J. Haidt based on evolutionary psychology, cultural psychology and neuro-cognitive science and so on. (2) The traditional moral philosophy and ethics have opened another way to the research of character education and virtues, such as the American movement of character education facilitated by W, Bennett and T. Lickona and others; the argument between J. Rawls and R. Nozick on moral problems; A. C. MacIntyre’s moral critique to the Western societies and his virtue ethics and so on. Since 21st century the research of embodied cognition has broken through the limitation of the traditional research on moral psychology, attempting to realize the new synthesis of intellect, human body and its environment, and therefore started the embodied research of moral judgment which is unfolded around the three dimensions of physical cleanliness, disgust, body temperature and body movements. I has also assimilated Piaget and Vygotsky’s ideas of psychological development, the theory of conceptual metaphor in cognitive semantics and the theory of evolutionary psychology, and made its theoretical interpretation and exploration for the embodied effect of moral judgment. Since the variable of physical body could have its influence on individual moral judgment by means of one’s emotion and cognitive elements, the moral judgment based on embodied cognition should be integrated with the theories of moral judgment, especially with moral competencies that are the core of moral judgment, and meanwhile the relationship between the embodied cognition and moral intuition should be deeply explored, and the issues such as chronergy, that is, time efficiency, and dynamics taken place when there is the embodied effect should be further examined, the regulated variables of embodied effects while making moral judgment and the individual differences should also be found out through detailed research. And finally we should check out the embodied effects of moral judgment through the cross-cultural comparison.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2017, 8, 2; 59-68
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Concept of Judgment according to Rev 11:15–18a
Autorzy:
Siemieniec, Tomasz Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-01-31
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
book of revelation
judgment
reward
punishment
Opis:
The presented paper analyzes the text of Rev 11:15–18. The analysis showed that the divine judgment depicted in the discussed text has two dimensions. First, it is the reward for the faithful which is defined as “giving reward” (dounai ton misthon). This reward is being given to the faithful (designed as douloi, phoboumenoi to onoma, prophetai, hagioi). The other aspect of the judgment is a negative one. The act of punishment is expressed by the verbs krino and diaphtheiro. The people being judged and punished are defined as nekroi and diaphtheriontes ten gen. The term nekroi, in the author’s opinion, is to be understood in a spiritual meaning. The sentence pronounced on the culprits is a typical example of retributive justice. Because the term nekroi is to be understood spiritually (i.e., the matter is “the spiritually dead”) one cannot see in Rev 11:15–18 a direct announcement of the last judgment. The analysis of the following context shows that the beginning of the last judgment is performed by means of events depicted in Rev 12. The main criterion of affiliation regarding one of the two groups (the rewarded or the punished) is the attitude towards the Messiah presented in Rev 12:5. It does not mean that there is no relationship between the judgment having been already executed and the last judgment. The verdict pronounced by the last one will be a logical consequence of what takes place now.
Źródło:
The Biblical Annals; 2017, 7, 1; 87-106
2083-2222
2451-2168
Pojawia się w:
The Biblical Annals
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing size and subjective value of objects with diminutive names
Autorzy:
Bocian, Konrad
Białobrzeska, Olga
Parzuchowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
diminutives
judgment
language
money
perception
size
Opis:
Numerous studies show that language (in its grammatical forms or morphology) can influence both perceptual judgments, as well as the mental categorization of objects in memory. Previous research showed that using diminutive names of objects resulted in being less satisfied with owning said objects and lowering their perceived value. In the present studies, to explore this phenomenon, we decided to investigate whether the influence of a diminutive on the reduction in the subjective value of an object is determined by the perceived size of the object, in accordance with the „bigger is better” heuristic. In Study 1 participants estimated a banknote to be smaller when it was presented with a diminutive label “banknocik” (banknote with diminutive) than “banknot” (banknote). However, this was not related to the perceived subjective value of the banknote. In Study 2 participants declared that they could buy less with a coin labeled as “pieniążek” (coin with diminutive) than “pieniądz” (coin), but the effect was not linked to the perceived size of the coins. In Study 3 a candy bar labeled as “batonik” (candy bar with diminutive) was evaluated worse than the same product labeled “baton” (candy bar), however, once again this was not related to the evaluation of its size (weight). Thus, we show that the effect of diminutives on the reduction in the subjective value of an object is independent of the evaluation of the size of the object and we consider other explanations for the occurrence of this phenomenon.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 3; 423-429
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cross-modal anchoring: magnitude priming based on length leads to contrast effect in numerosity judgment
Autorzy:
Tomczak, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
estimations
cross-modal anchoring
numerosity judgment
Opis:
On one hand, Judgment and Decision Making (JDM) research reports a phenomena called the cross-modal effect, which shows that magnitude priming based on spatial attributes of a stimuli might influence numerical estimations. On the other hand, research directed at human cognition reports that processing of space and numbers may interfere. Despite different theoretical backgrounds, those two lines of research report similar results. Is it possible that the cross-modal anchoring and the interaction between space and number are just two manifestations of the same psychological effect, conceptualized within different paradigms? In Experiment 1 participants were asked to draw lines of different length and estimate numerosity of sets of dots presented for 100 ms. Based on current studies, magnitude priming is assimilated with subsequent numerical judgment. However, an unexpected contrast effect was observed in Experiment 1. Priming of “smallness” resulted in higher estimations of numerosity, while priming of “largeness” was associated with lower estimations. Short exposition time often leads to automatic attention processes, which could possibly account for the observed contrast effect. In Experiment 2 this assumption was tested, verifying potential differences between different exposition times (100 ms vs 300 ms). The same pattern of results was obtained. Findings of both experiments are discussed from the perspective of different anchoring paradigms and concepts related to space and number processing.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 4; 398-405
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
References to Philosophers in the Polish Case Law
Autorzy:
Maroń, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
philosophers
reasons for judgment
judicial argumentation
Polska
Opis:
The article deals with the practice of invoking philosophers in the reasons for judgments of the Polish courts. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the case law of the common courts, administrative courts, the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Tribunal allowed for the formulation of several main conclusions. First, although judgments containing references to philosophers constitute only a small fraction of all the case law, at the same time, when measured in absolute numbers, cases of quoting philosophers are not marginal. Second, in the two last decades there has been a clear intensification in the use of philosophical references in judgments. Third, references to philosophers exercise a number of different functions falling within the clarification and persuasive purposes of grounds of judgments. Fourth, there is no one attitude among courts and the parties towards the presence of philosophical arguments in the judicial process. The titular issue is not the further stage of the legal scholarship’s discourse on “judges as philosophers” in the likeness of Dworkin’s “Judge Hercules”. The practice of referring to philosophers by the courts is primarily an issue of the style of reasons for judgment and the role of non-legal sources in the rationalisation of judicial decisions – and not so much in the making of them. In the author’s view, the case law study reveals the utilitarian potential of philosophy for judicial argumentation.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 4; 281-298
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawo i sprawiedliwość w kulturze Ewe. Osądzanie i przebaczanie
Law and Justice in the Culture of Ewe. Judgment and Forgiveness
Autorzy:
Sito, Edward
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
Tematy:
Eve
Togo
Benin
law
justice
judgment
forgiveness
Opis:
Starting from the definition of the concept of law among the Ewe people, se (its literal meaning is a border that should not be crossed) and justice dzodzoenyenye (in the ontological sense) and nutefew (in the existential sense), this article presents the process of judgment and forgiveness in the culture of Ewe people living in southern Togo and Benin. In Ewe culture, the judgment process takes place within the community, the immediate family or among the villagers. Wrongdoing is defined as disregarding the relationship with the god Mawu, insulting the deities of Tro or voodoo, disrespecting ancestors or committing offenses against a family or village. These offences are reflected in the language, in expressions describing the misdeeds. Then the process of judgment itself is presented, with traditional judgment procedures, traditional trial, judgment, forgiveness and cleansing. The acts and consequences of adultery and the afofofo cleansing ritual are also analysed. The verdict itself, importantly, is dictated by a desire to resolve the conflict and put an end to the dissonance in the community.
Źródło:
Afryka; 2019, 49; 11-32
1234-0278
Pojawia się w:
Afryka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors of Chinese Adolescents’ Moral Judgment Competence – Findings from Hubei Province
Autorzy:
Zhang, Jing
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Moral Judgment Test
C-scores
Chinese adolescents
Opis:
This paper uses MJT designed by German moral psychologist Lind as a measurement tool, selects 1933 teenagers from Wuhan, Xiangfan or Hubei province. The result shows that participants’ C-sore of different age is 16.90. Character of politic lies remarkable difference, and gender, profession, education, etc., doesn’t. But the specific characters of them have something to be concerned. On this basis, the author gives some advices and countermeasures for education departments.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2012, 3, 1; 83-95
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pojęcie przesądu w filozofii krytycznej Kanta i fenomenologii Husserla
The concept of prejudice in Kant’s critical philosophy and Husserl’s phenomenology
Autorzy:
Łaciak, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/431056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Kant
Husserl Edmund
Gadamer
prejudice
pre-judgment
provisional judgment
pre-knowledge
przesąd
przed-sąd
sąd tymczasowy
przedwiedza
Opis:
W artykule poddano badaniu pojęcie przesądu w teoriach Kanta i Husserla. Według Kanta, przesądy należy odróżnić od sądów tymczasowych, które można nazwać antycypacjami lub maksymami wszelkiego badania. Wydajemy sąd tymczasowy o jakiejś rzeczy, zanim poznamy ją za pomocą sądu określającego. Z kolei przesądy są sądami tymczasowymi (lub mniemaniami) błędnie uznanymi za sądy określające, to znaczy sądami, które przyjmujemy jako zasady bez badania warunków ich prawdziwości. Kanta pojęcie przesądu ma zatem konotacje negatywne a celem filozofii krytycznej jest przezwyciężenie wszelkich przesądów. W przeciwieństwie do Kanta, Husserl rozróżnia przesądy pozytywne i negatywne: pozytywny przesąd jest rozumiany jako przed-sąd w formie presumpcyjnej przedwiedzy i odpowiada Kantowskiemu pojęciu antycypacji, która jest właściwa sądowi tymczasowemu, podczas gdy obiektywistyczna (naturalistyczna) naiwność okazuje się przesądem negatywnym. Celem fenomenologii jest zawieszenie wszystkich przesądów i to zawieszenie umożliwia badanie ich źródeł. W artykule autor wykazuje, że Husserlowska koncepcja przesądu jako przed-sądu jest analogiczna do Gadamerowskiej rehabilitacji przesądów jako przed-rozumienia. Dlatego też można wskazać podobieństwa między Kanta pojęciem sądu tymczasowego, Husserla ideą przedwiedzy i Gadamera koncepcją przed-rozumienia.
This article examines the concept of prejudice (Vorurteil) in Kant’s and Husserl’s theories. According to Kant, prejudices must be distinguished from provisional judgments that may be called anticipations or maxims for all inquiry. We form a provisional judgment (vorläufiges Urteil) of a thing before we recognize it with definitive judgment (bestimmendes Urteil). Prejudices, by contrast, are provisional judgments (or opinions) wrongly taken as definitive judgments, namely judgments which are adopted as principles without research of the conditions of their truth. Thus, Kant’s notion of prejudice has the negative connotations and the aim of the critical philosophy is to overcome all prejudices. In contrast to Kant, Husserl makes distinction between positive and negative prejudices: positive prejudice is understood as a pre-judgment (Vor-Urteil) in the form of presumptive pre-knowledge (Vorwissen) and corresponds to Kant’s concept of anticipation belonging to provisional judgment, while objectivistic (naturalistic) naïveté appears to be negative prejudice. The aim of phenomenology is to suspend all prejudices and this suspension makes it possible to research of their origins. In the article author shows that Husserl’s conception of prejudice as a pre-judgment is similar to Gadamer’s rehabilitation of prejudice as a pre-understanding. Therefore, it is possible to indicate similarities between Kant’s concept of provisional judgment, Husserl’s idea of pre-knowledge and Gadamer’s conception of pre-understanding.
Źródło:
Studia Philosophiae Christianae; 2015, 51, 4; 123-149
0585-5470
Pojawia się w:
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Research in China Based on the Moral Judgement Test
Autorzy:
Yang, Shaogang
Wu, Huihong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781386.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-09-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Moral Judgment Test
C scores
China
Adolescents
Opis:
In this research we use “the Moral Judgment Test” as an instrument that is developed by Professor Georg Lind in 1976, but is a Chinese version with some revisions, with 724 students whose ages are from 14 years old to 27 years old as the participants. The results show that: the C-scores are increased with the increase of the students’ age, but there are some fluctuations among different grades. It is obvious that the school education do could improve students’ abilities of moral judgment, but there exist some instability factors. There are no significant differences in their C-scores between male and female students, among different grades within certain schools and universities, and among students with various professions, the key schools and the regular schools as well as the two-year and the four-year college students.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2011, 3, 1
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Moral Judgment Competence Between Systems and Administration Students
Autorzy:
Francia, Victor Hugo Robles
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
moral judgment competence
systems
administration
university students
Opis:
It is assumed that the university education positively impacts the student’s moral reasoning. The purpose of this research was to examine the Moral judgment competence MJC between systems and management students at a public university in Hidalgo, Mexico. The effectiveness of their curricula and the university years have impact on students’ moral judgment competence. Data was collected through survey exploration with the Moral Judgment Test completed by 272 administration students and 79 systems students of all semesters. The moral judgment competence was evaluated by C index. The C index score was higher for the management than the systems students. The C index score was slightly lower for senior than freshman students. The scholar years did not improve the senior students’ C index, more years of university career were not associated with the senior students’ C index score. Additionally, the results indicated that moral judgment Competence is the same in any gender of the students. Planned moral judgment competence in university curricula is necessary to improve students’ moral reasoning. In this paper, background, theoretical framework, results are discussed.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2015, 6, 2; 26-37
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Doręczenie pozwanemu wyroku zaocznego w sposób określony w art . 139 § 1 k.p.c. a ochrona jego praw. Zagadnienia wybrane
Autorzy:
Świeczkowski, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
wyrok zaoczny
doręczenie wyroku
kodeks postępowania cywilnego
postępowanie cywilne
pozwany
judgment by default
to serve the judgment
deliver a judgment
the Code of Civil Procedure
civil law procedure
defendant
Opis:
The article undertakes to analyze the problem of delivery of the judgment by default with particular emphasis on the issue of the subsequent submission of the statement of opposition that judgment. In view of the fact that often plaintiff deliberately indicates an incorrect address of the defendant, which means that he has no knowledge of the judgment by default and his right to a court is then significantly reduced the author proposes to introduce sanctions for the plaintiff acting in this way.
Źródło:
Studia Prawnicze; 2016, 4 (208); 103-116
0039-3312
2719-4302
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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