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Tytuł:
Some notes on the properties of inconsistency indices in pairwise comparisons
Autorzy:
Mazurek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
pairwise comparisons
AHP
inconsistency
inconsistency index
axioms of inconsistency
niezgodność
Opis:
Pairwise comparisons are an important tool of modern (multiple criteria) decision making. Since human judgments are often inconsistent, many studies have focused on the means of expressing and measuring this inconsistency, and several inconsistency indices have been proposed as an alternative to Saaty’s inconsistency index, CI, and consistency ratio, CR, for reciprocal pairwise comparison matrices. The aims of this paper are threefold: firstly, a row inconsistency index (RIC) is proposed and the properties of this index are examined. Secondly, a comparison of selected inconsistency indices for a corner pairwise comparison matrix is provided. Last, but not least, another axiom about the upper bound on the value of an inconsistency index is postulated, and a set of selected inconsistency indices is examined with respect to this axiom. Numerical examples complete the paper.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2018, 28, 1; 27-42
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Honor in the land of inconsistency. On ethical reflections of Józef Tischner, Adam Michnik, and Leszek Kołakowski
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195212.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
honor
inconsistency
Tischner
Kołakowski
Michnik
Opis:
Honor is one of the values permanently inscribed in the traditional ethos of the Polish culture. In the past centuries, it was a feature distinguishing only one social class – the nobility. However, as a result of cultural changes, the concept of honor was democratized, thus entering the universal system of values, shaping the entire social structure. The above notwithstanding, the understanding of this concept had not become homogenized in the process. Even today, one can still observe the concurrence of different styles of thinking about honor, manifest in a variety of coexisting patterns of honorable behavior and particular attitudes to honor, whose respective uniqueness depends on socio-cultural contexts. It is, therefore, possible to speak of the honor of peasants or Highlanders, or of the honor of an oppositionist or an intellectual, and it stands to reason that in each case the sense of the concept will prove to be slightly different. In this text, the author presents the results of an analysis of the ways in which honor is understood by Józef Tischner and Leszek Kołakowski – two Polish thinkers who played important roles in the intellectual life of Poland in the second half of the twentieth century. These considerations are further complemented by a reflection on one of the leading activists of the democratic opposition in the final years of the Polish People’s Republic, an influential writer, journalist, editor, author of Z dziejów honoru w Polsce. Wypisy więzienne [From the History of Honor in Poland. Prison Notes] and numerous other books – Adam Michnik. An insight into his views on honor, and the reflection on the stance he adopted, combined with the analysis of Tischner’s position, allows the author to reconstruct Leszek Kołakowski’s ideal of honor, whose currency transgresses time.
Źródło:
Logos i Ethos; 2021, 57; 209-235
0867-8308
Pojawia się w:
Logos i Ethos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Honor w krainie niekonsekwencji. Wokół myśli Józefa Tischnera, Adama Michnika i Leszka Kołakowskiego
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195213.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
honor
inconsistency
Tischner
Kołakowski
Michnik
niekonsekwencja
Opis:
Honor jest jedną z wartości trwale wpisanych w tradycyjny ethos polskiej kultury. W dawnych wiekach był wyróżnikiem jednej tylko warstwy społecznej – szlachty, lecz w wyniku przemian kulturowych pojęcie honoru uległo demokratyzacji i zagościło w uniwersalnym systemie wartości obejmującym całą strukturę społeczną. Rozumienie tego pojęcia nie uległo jednak homogenizacji. Można zatem dostrzec różne style myślenia o honorze i różne wzorce postaw człowieka honorowego w zależności od kontekstu społeczno-kulturowego. Są przesłanki, by mówić między innymi – każdorazowo w nieco innym znaczeniu tego słowa – o honorze chłopskim, góralskim, inteligenckim, o honorze opozycjonisty czy intelektualisty. W przedstawionym tekście autor prezentuje wyniki analizy sposobów rozumienia honoru u dwóch polskich myślicieli, którzy odegrali ważną rolę w polskim życiu intelektualnym drugiej połowy XX wieku – Józefa Tischnera i Leszka Kołakowskiego. Uzupełnieniem rozważań jest ukazanie postawy i poglądów Adama Michnika, jednego z czołowych działaczy opozycji demokratycznej ostatnich lat PRL oraz wpływowego pisarza, publicysty i redaktora, autora między innymi książki Z dziejów honoru w Polsce. Wgląd w jego refleksję na temat honoru połączony z analizą stanowiska Tischnera pozwala autorowi podjąć próbę rekonstrukcji ideału honoru u Kołakowskiego – ideału, którego ważność jest ponadczasowa.
Honor is one of the values permanently inscribed in the traditional ethos of the Polish culture. In the past centuries, it was a feature distinguishing only one social class – the nobility. However, as a result of cultural changes, the concept of honor was democratized, thus entering the universal system of values, shaping the entire social structure. The above notwithstanding, the understanding of this concept had not become homogenized in the process. Even today, one can still observe the concurrence of different styles of thinking about honor, manifest in a variety of coexisting patterns of honorable behavior and particular attitudes to honor, whose respective uniqueness depends on socio-cultural contexts. It is, therefore, possible to speak of the honor of peasants or Highlanders, or of the honor of an oppositionist or an intellectual, and it stands to reason that in each case the sense of the concept will prove to be slightly different. In this text, the author presents the results of an analysis of the ways in which honor is understood by Józef Tischner and Leszek Kołakowski – two Polish thinkers who played important roles in the intellectual life of Poland in the second half of the twentieth century. These considerations are further complemented by a reflection on one of the leading activists of the democratic opposition in the final years of the Polish People’s Republic, an influential writer, journalist, editor, author of Z dziejów honoru w Polsce. Wypisy więzienne [From the History of Honor in Poland. Prison Notes] and numerous other books – Adam Michnik. An insight into his views on honor, and the reflection on the stance he adopted, combined with the analysis of Tischner’s position, allows the author to reconstruct Leszek Kołakowski’s ideal of honor, whose currency transgresses time.
Źródło:
Logos i Ethos; 2021, 57; 61-84
0867-8308
Pojawia się w:
Logos i Ethos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dialectical model of character and Franklin’s method
Autorzy:
Mamali, Cătălin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
autonomy consistency/inconsistency
self-control
character-construction
Opis:
The study analysis three personalities who generated selfrecords for a long period of time on their personality development and especially on character questions. The autobiographies** of Franklin, Gandhi and Thoreau’s Walden experiment are studied as paradigmatic modes of enhancing intentionally one’s own autonomy as a necessary condition to increase the personal ability to cope with major social conflicts for the sake of common good. The educational value of Franklin’s methods for character training is based on practical exercises carried with students.
Źródło:
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna; 2017, 6, 1; 245-268
2299-1875
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Trolley Problem Revisited. An Exploratory Study
Autorzy:
Rehman, Sharaf
Dzionek‑Kozłowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652791.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
decision making
Trolley Problem
inconsistency of choices
Opis:
Recent studies by cognitive scientists demonstrate that people’s choices are more complex than the image provided by rational choice theory, and consistency of choice is not a characteristic to be expected in real-life situations. This exploratory paper attempts to isolate three variables in relation to decision making. Working with a sample (N=70) of university students in the U.S, and using the three variants of the Trolley Problem, the subjects’ responses are used to identify the similarities and differences based on the three dimensions. The participants were asked to respond to three hypothetical situations regarding a runaway trolley. Their decision in the first scenario could save a person’s life or let him be run over by the trolley. In the second scenario, their decision could either let one person die and save five lives or save one life and let five people be killed. These two scenarios require pulling a lever to switch the trolley from one track to another. The third scenario requires pushing an obese person in front of the runaway trolley to stop it from killing five persons. The paper presents the findings on the three variables: gender, age, and relational status.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 3
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using Inconsistency Reduction Algorithms in Comparison Matrices to Improve the Performance of Generating Random Comparison Matrices with a Given Inconsistency Coefficient Range
Autorzy:
Kuraś, Paweł
Gerka, Alicja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
algorithm
pairwise comparison
inconsistency ratio
online tools
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present a new method for generating random pairwise comparison matrices with a given inconsistency ratio (CR) interval using inconsistency reduction algorithms. Pairwise comparison (PC) is a popular technique for multi-criteria decision-making, its purpose is to assign weights to the compared entities, thus ranking them from best to worst. The presented method combines the traditional random generation of comparison matrices supported by inconsistency reduction algorithms: the “Xu and Wei” algorithm and the “Szybowski” algorithm. This paper presents research that shows an increase in performance when generating such matrices relative to the standard random comparison matrix generation procedure using the “Szybowski” algorithm. The other algorithms also improve the process, but to a lesser extent, making the “Szybowski” supporting algorithm the preferred solution for the new process. As a result of the research, a free online tool “PC MATRICES GENERATOR” has also been made available to efficiently generate a large number of comparison matrices with a given CR factor range, any matrix size, and any number of matrices, enabling much more efficient and less time-consuming research in many fields that use comparison matrices, as the analytic hierarchy/network process (AHP/ANP), ELECTREE, PAPRIKA, PROMETHE, VIKOR or the Best-Worst method (BWM).
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2023, 17, 1; 222-229
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fixing Design Inconsistencies of Polymorphic Methods Using Swarm Intelligence
Autorzy:
George, Renu
Samuel, Philip
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818478.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
UML models
software design inconsistency
polymorphism
particle swarm optimization
Opis:
Background: Modern industry is heavily dependent on software. The complexity of designing and developing software is a serious engineering issue. With the growing size of software systems and increase in complexity, inconsistencies arise in software design and intelligent techniques are required to detect and fix inconsistencies. Aim: Current industrial practice of manually detecting inconsistencies is time consuming, error prone and incomplete. Inconsistencies arising as a result of polymorphic object interactions are hard to trace. We propose an approach to detect and fix inconsistencies in polymorphic method invocations in sequence models. Method: A novel intelligent approach based on self regulating particle swarm optimization to solve the inconsistency during software system design is presented. Inconsistency handling is modelled as an optimization problem that uses a maximizing fitness function. The proposed approach also identifies the changes required in the design diagrams to fix the inconsistencies. Result: The method is evaluated on different software design models involving static and dynamic polymorphism and inconsistencies are detected and resolved. Conclusion: Ensuring consistency of design is highly essential to develop quality software and solves a major design issue for practitioners. In addition, our approach helps to reduce the time and cost of developing software.
Źródło:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal; 2021, 15, 1; 7--27
1897-7979
Pojawia się w:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jak uniesprzecznić sprzeczność umysłu?
Towards the consistency of an inconsistent mind
Autorzy:
Grygiel, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy of mind
Roger Penrose
rationality
classical logic
inconsistency
incompleteness theorem
Opis:
The common sense conviction that rationality is based on the classical logic requires major revision since the essential assumption of many standpoints in the cognitive science, concerning the non-contradictory character of mind, seems to be no longer tenable. Firstly, the non-algorithmic models of mind proposed by John Lucas and Roger Penrose are presented. In the context of these models, the importance of the Gödel incompleteness theorems for the philosophy of mind and artificial intelligence is debated. Secondly, several specific difficulties in applying the ‘Gödelian arguments’ in the modeling of mind are pointed out. As the main thesis of the article, it is stipulated that mind operates according to a wrong algorithm that is functionally equivalent to a contradictory formal system. The examples of the contradictory contents of mental states, evidenced in the phenomenon of self-deception and the mediaeval double truth theory in science, are discussed. Some consequences of the model of an inconsistent mind, based on the revision of the classical logic, are surveyed.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2010, 47; 70-88
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Істина і неконсеквентність: парадокс Лєшка Колаковського
Truth and Inconsistency: Leszek Kolakowski’s Dilemma
Autorzy:
Bondarevska, Iryna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2154608.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
truth
inconsistency
Leszek Kolakowski
epistemology
certainty of existence
thinker and human being
Opis:
In the philosophical works of Kolakowski, the concept of inconsistency is a guideline that moves the subject closer to truth. Truth disappears when consistency prevails, that is a logic, a method, a tradition of thinking. And there is no need to reject the sequence in general, as there is no need to follow it. But there is a conflict between Kolakowski as the Thinker and Kolakowski as the Human Being. The first one tries to find the best way to describe the world with concepts, the second one wants to gain a comfortable existence in the world. The first needs doubt, the second wants to feel certainty. The philosopher as the Human Being wants to have a firm belief in those things the Thinker can only be hopeful of. The purpose of the article is to show how the Human Being and the Thinker compete in Kolakowski’s works, as their understanding of truth and the ways to it are different. Kolakowski’s paradox is that the inconsistency of the mind should advance us towards the truth, but it reinforces doubts whether truth is possible in general. If you replace the inconsistency with faith, the prospect becomes even foggier. Consequently, the author concludes that Kolakowski stayed in the state of uncertainty regarding how to solve the conflict. Theoretically, he prescribes the need for faith but does not explain how to practically combine faith and doubt in one head. The Thinker often wins with the Human Being and then retreats and comes back again. The Thinker and the Human Being are not an identical opposition to rational and irrational. It is a conflict which concerns the two subject guidelines: will to know and will to exist.
Źródło:
Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie; 2019, 6; 52-66
2353-5644
2451-2958
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Umysł: system sprzeczny, ale nie trywialny
Mind: between inconsistency and non-triviality
Autorzy:
Hohol, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690910.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy of mind
rationality
inconsistency
evolutionary psychology
modularity of mind
computational mind
Opis:
In this article, the model of an inconsistent mind according to suggestions of Hilary Putnam and Alan Turing is presented from the perspective of the cognitive sciences and the evolutionary psychology. An attempt to reconcile the two versions of the modular model of mind by Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker is undertaken followed by the discussion of the problem of evolutionary origin of mind. Next, the problem of the central module (interface) is considered which is supposed to integrate the individual and specialized modules of mind. The main thesis of this article states that the ‘global’ inconsistency of mind may result from the inconsistencies among ‘local’ computational modules of mind. Mind may be modeled as an inconsistent formal system which remains non-trivial. Consequently, it seems rational to postulate that the operation of mind is not based on the classical Aristotelian logic and is better described the systems of a paraconsistent logic. Best examples of such logical systems include the discussive logic by Stanisław Jaśkowski, the logic of formal inconsistency (LFI) by Newton da Costa and the many-valued logic by Jan Łukasiewicz and Graham Priest.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2010, 47; 89-108
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How to support government procurement by a pairwise comparisons model
Autorzy:
Koczkodaj, W. W.
Mackasey, W. O.
Smolewski, I.
Tadeusiewicz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
government procurement
project proposal assessment
pairwise comparison
distance-based inconsistency
convergence
knowledge management
Opis:
This study demonstrates how a government procurement process could be improved by the pairwise comparisons method. A case study, related to assessment of project proposals is used for demonstration purpose. The project proposals were requested by a Canadian government agency to assess the environmental and public safety hazards of abandoned mines. However, the presented model is applicable (with easy-to-implement modifications) to any other case of government procurement.
Źródło:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology; 2013, 1-2(17); 19-28
1731-2264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dimensions of Social Diversity in Europe
Wymiary zróżnicowania społecznego Europy
Autorzy:
Szewior, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
social diversity
inequality
inconsistency
EU social model
społeczne zróżnicowanie
nierówność
niespójność
model społeczny UE
Opis:
Celem publikacji jest poznanie wymiarów społecznego zróżnicowania poprzez zastosowanie wskaźników społeczno-gospodarczych, a także wskazanie znaczenia uwarunkowań gospodarczych i społecznych jako wiodących czynników w budowaniu ładu społecznego państw narodowych oraz Unii Europejskiej. Zasadnicze pytanie badawcze dotyczyło kwestii czy i w jakich warunkach możliwe jest uzyskanie poprawy w poziomie spójności społecznej? Zebrane doświadczenie i wiedza pozwalają założyć, że istotniejsze w osiąganiu spójności społeczno-gospodarczej są: poziom rozwoju gospodarczego i konsensus społeczno-polityczny względem rozdziału i obiegu dóbr, niż model narodowej polityki społecznej. Przyjęte założenie zostało zweryfikowane, potwierdziło dominującą rolę umowy społecznej, zakresu solidaryzmu społecznego oraz wypracowanego PKB. Elementy te wyznaczają stan rozwoju społecznego oraz determinują przewagę konkurencyjną gospodarek narodowych. Wobec słabości instytucji i rozwiązań ogólnounijnych utrwalają wielowymiarowe dysproporcje między społeczeństwami europejskimi. Analiza bazuje na metodach badawczych nauki o polityce oraz polityki społecznej. Dane statystyczne dostarczyły instytucje krajowe i unijne.
The aim of the publication is to learn the dimensions of social differentiation by applying socioeconomic indicators, as well as to indicate the importance of economic and social conditions as the leading factors in building the social order of national states and the European Union. The main research question concerned the issue whether and under what conditions it is possible to achieve improvement in the level of social cohesion? The experience and knowledge allow to assume that the most important in achieving social and economic cohesion are: the level of economic development and socio-political consensus regarding the distribution and circulation of social goods, rather than the model of national social policy. The adopted assumption was verified, confirmed the dominant role of the social contract, the scope of social solidarism and the developed GDP. These elements determine social development and determine the competitive advantage of national economies. In view of the weakness of institutions and EU-wide solutions, they consolidate the multidimensional disproportions between European societies. The analysis is based on research methods of politics and social policy. Statistical data was provided by national and EU institutions.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2019, 12; 283-297
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inconsistency in evaluation of clinical patterns in fetal heart rate waveforms
Autorzy:
Jeżewski, J.
Horoba, K.
Wróbel, J.
Gacek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/333801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Informatyki i Nauki o Materiałach. Instytut Informatyki. Zakład Systemów Komputerowych
Tematy:
monitorowanie płodu
tętno płodu
przyspieszanie / zwalnianie
fetal monitoring
fetal heart rate
acceleration/deceleration
expert inconsistency
Opis:
Acceleration and deceleration patterns in fetal heart rate (FHR) are widely used as an assessment of fetal condition. The basis for both visual and automated quantitative analysis is correctly determined fetal heart rate baseline. There are many methods for automated fetal heart rate baseline estimation. Since there are no definitive criteria or "gold standard" to evaluate algorithms for baseline determination, a clinical expert could be considered as a reference. Taking into account that not the shape of baseline itself but the results of quantitative analysis obtained using this baseline are important, we stated that such evaluation should be done only on the basis of comparison of effects - the recognized accelerations and decelerations. However, the first step for such comparison is to check how well expert meets established FIGO definition of accelerations and decelerations patterns in FHR trace. The paper presents a method for evaluation of expert's interpretation of these definitions. Two indices describing the inconsistency among fetal monitoring system and experts have been defined. The results obtained indicate the essential differences in procedure of accelerations/decelerations recognition by the computerized system and human expert.
Źródło:
Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies; 2002, 4; MT27-35
1642-6037
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Equilibrium reinsurance-investment strategy for mean-variance insurers under state dependent risk aversion
Autorzy:
Alia, Ishak
Chighoub, Farid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
time inconsistency
mean-variance criterion
investment-reinsurance strategy
insurer
equilibrium strategy
forward-backward stochastic differential equation
Opis:
In this work, we study the equilibrium reinsurance/ new business and investment strategy for mean-variance insurers, under the assumption that the risk aversion is a function of current wealth level. The surplus of the agents is represented by a sum of a compound process and a linear premium perturbed with a Brownian component. The financial market consists of one riskless asset and a multiple risky assets whose price processes are driven by Poisson random measures and independent Brownian motions. We characterize explicit expressions for the time-consistent Nash equilibrium strategy and the equilibrium value function via a forward-backward stochastic system and an equilibrium condition. An interesting feature of these FBSDEs is that a time parameter is involved, so that they form a flow of FBSDEs. Furthermore, a feedback representation of an equilibrium solution is derived. This solution provides a tool for comparing the equilibrium strategy with those derived in other papers, where some special cases were studied by the dynamic programming argument.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2019, 48, 4; 489-523
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Construction of Scientific Facts – Why is Relativism Essential in Bypassing Incommensurable Gaps in Humanities. Case of Personal Involvement – Biased Scientific Facts
Autorzy:
Mulej, Lucija
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Comparative methods
Interdisciplinary research
Paradigm (gestalt) shift
Relativism
Incommensurability
Psychoanalysis
Interpretative gaps
Epistemology
Logical inconsistency
Logic
Opis:
This paper addresses the theory of knowledge in relativistic terms of Paul Feyerabend, stressing the importance of personal involvement in the research and theorizing. Since the topic is a constant and widely accepted premise the author is insisting that it has been actually ignored in the sociology and philosophy of science. It is apparent in discursive form, neglected in actual consequences for science in general. Defending the thesis of relativism had remained unacknowledged by the general scientific community. Biographies of mavericks and their struggle and exclusion from scientific community etc. had been constant in the history of science. Is science nowadays able to accept criticism and implement arguments of knowledge beyond the institutionalized standards? Throughout this article we argue that personal involvement creates biased scientific facts; acknowledging and applying tacit knowledge we move beyond personal involvement and create appropriate interpretations of facts and phenomena under investigation, where we reconsider the construction of facts and personal beliefs, knowing that our fields of expertise are incommensurable.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2008, 4, 1; 205-219
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 27

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