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Tytuł:
Assessment of the Health Risk Related to Air Pollution in Selected Polish Health Resorts
Autorzy:
Sówka, Izabela
Kobus, Dominik
Skotak, Krzysztof
Zathey, Maciej
Merenda, Beata
Paciorek, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125075.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
air quality
health resorts
mathematical modelling
health risk assessment
Opis:
The article discusses the tools used for air quality management in the health resorts in Poland including legal instruments, documents and activities at the regional and local level with an example of formal and legal activities, such as the so-called anti-smog resolution to limit the emission of air pollutants from the municipal and housing sectors and thus minimize the risk related to air pollution. The issue of pollution emission resulting from the spatial conditions, including spatial planning, was also indicated. The analysis of the results pertaining to the PM10 measurements from 2017–2018 available for the resorts in Lower Silesia with reference to selected resorts in other regions of Poland and the health risk assessment according to the concentration-response functions for the PM-based on longand short-term relative risk estimates derived from epidemiological studies were conducted. The exposure assessment was based on the available mathematical modelling results for the PM10 and PM2.5 concentration distributions, which was performed using the CALPUFF model for 2017. In the case of average risk indicators, the obtained values indicated that the values (for all the stays and areas of all zones (total A, B and C) peaked for the Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój health resort (over 1.1% per annum) and were lowest for Czerniawa and Świeradów-Zdrój (about 0.7%). The highest relative risk indicators in 2017 were observed for cardiovascular diseases for the first two stays in January / February (for the Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój health resort – over 5%) and for both December stays (over 2.5%). In other health resorts, the risk indicators were significantly lower. The lowest health risk indicators were observed in July, regardless of the location of the health resort and the analysed health effect (rarely exceeding 0.3%). The scale of risk in this case was much higher compared to the short-term risk.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 10; 132-145
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Completing a worksite health risk assessment correlates with continuing employment, lower health care costs and utilization
Autorzy:
Merrill, Ray M.
Aldana, Steven G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
employment
behavior
health care costs
health risk assessment
worksite wellness
health perception
Opis:
ObjectivesCompanies that understand the collective health risks of their employees, as well as worker productivity as it relates to health risks can provide more effective and necessary interventions. Health Risk Assessments (HRAs) are an important source of information for understanding overall health risks of a company’s employees. However, HRA data tend to represent only a subset of employees, thereby providing employers an incomplete picture of employee health risks. The current study identifies the representativeness of those completing a worksite HRA by selected demographics, health care costs, and health risks in a large US company.Material and MethodsA retrospective analysis of employees in a large US company during 2017–2019, with statistically significant results reported, adjusted for sex, age, and year.ResultsThe percentage of employees completing the HRA increased from 23.9% in 2017 to 28.4% in 2018 to 32.3% in 2019. These employees were more likely women, middle aged, have lower health care costs, remain employed from year to year, and have better health behaviors and biometric scores. If all employees looked like employees completing the HRA, total medical costs would be 17% lower. If all employees looked like employees completing the HRA who had a health perception rating (1–10 [excellent]) of 7–8 (57.4%) or 9–10 (25.2%) vs. 1–6, total medical costs would be 21.9% and 25.6% lower, respectively.ConclusionsA minority of employees completed the worksite HRA. Basing overall employee health risks on the HRA underestimates health risks and can result in a poorly representative health intervention program.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2022, 35, 4; 449-457
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the health risk associated with exposure to heavy metals present in particulate matter deposition in the Małopolska Province
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, Jerzy
Baran, Agnieszka
Pawlik, Ewa
Mądro, Izabela
Gąsienica, Anna
Wojtaszek, Iwona
Antonkiewicz, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
air pollution
particulate matter deposition
heavy metals
health risk assessment
Opis:
The aim of the study was to investigate the content of trace elements in deposited particulate matter and to estimate the health risk to Kraków inhabitants, caused by the exposure to heavy metals in particulate matter deposition. The qualitative and quantitative assessments of selected heavy metals in deposited particulate matter have been carried out in the city of Kraków (Małopolska, southern Poland, 5 measuring points) for seven months, between February and September 2017. A comparative study was conducted at the same time in Małopolska (5 measuring points). The deposited particulate matter was collected gravitationally, using measurement plates covered with aluminum foil and paraffin jelly. The largest deposition of particulate matter was found in May and June. The highest amount of deposited particulate matter and metals present in it was determined in Kraków. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) evaluation for non-carcinogenic effect showed low risk for each metal. In the case of lead in particulate matter, the carcinogenic risk value did not reach 10−6 hence this risk is acceptable. The total carcinogenic risk for all routes of exposure to cadmium was higher, indicating the risk of cancer in children and adults, with children more exposed. However, the carcinogenic risk for cadmium was also acceptable. The study showed that the problem of poor air quality concerns not only the city of Kraków, but also the entire Małopolska region. Elevated metal concentrations in particulate matter indicate the need for monitoring it in the air.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2021, 47, 2; 95-107
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consideration on the health risk reduction related to attainment of the new particulate matter standards in Poland: A top-down policy risk assessment approach
Autorzy:
Kobza, Joanna
Pastuszka, Józef S.
Gulis, Gabriel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-10-08
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
particulate matter
top-down approach
policy
health outcome
health risk assessment
environmental exposure
Opis:
Policies can influence health of a population in various ways. Numerous epidemiological studies supported by toxicological investigations demonstrate a positive association between ambient concentrations of airborne particulate matter and increased adverse cardio-respiratory events, including morbidity and mortality. The aim of this paper was to present the concept of the top-down health policy risk assessment approach model developed to estimate the expected health risk reduction associated with policy aiming at attaining the new particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM 10) standards in Poland. The top-down approach guides the analysis of causal chains from the policy to health outcomes. In this case study we tried to estimate the predicted health effects of the policy change over the past 20 years. Since Polish annual standard for PM 10 changed from 50 μg/m³ in 1990 to 40 μg/m³ in 2010, we calculated the relative risk associated with decreasing PM 10 in diameter to 10 μg/m³ in the annual level of PM 10 for 6 adverse health effects. The relative risk slightly decreased for almost all adverse health effects, which means that the relative decrease in the incidence of health effects from the baseline incidence should range from about 0.5–0.6% for heart disease admissions to > 1% for respiratory admissions. The obtained results indicate that implementation of the new ambient air standards could influence improvement of the health status of Polish population. A top-down policy health risk assessment model can be one of the main tools in this process, providing harmonized guidance how to seek evidence-based information, which could serve policy-makers.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 1; 1-14
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health Risk Assessment of Swimming Pool Users from the Effects of Legionella Spp. Contamination of Water
Autorzy:
Zimoch, Izabela
Paciej, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Legionella spp.
swimming pool
health risk assessment
GIS technology
water quality control
Opis:
One of the main problems in the scope of public health is poor identification of the waterborne diseases and their etiology. One of the aims of the new directive concerning the quality of water intended for human consumption is to implement the principles of hazard assessment in water supply systems (WSS) in the member states, on the basis of water quality monitoring and analyses of the system functioning conditions. The implementation of risk management procedures in WSSs is to ensure an increase in the water supply safety and, in turn, protect the consumer’s health against the harmful effects of any potable water contamination. At present, the secondary legislation to the Polish acts implementing the Directive of the Council of Europe is the Regulation of the Minister of Health on the quality of water intended for human consumption, which also sets forth the scope of monitoring the quality of hot water for Legionella spp., which can be an etiological factor of legionellosis. Another act regulating the water quality in terms of Legionella spp. is the Regulation of the Minister of Health on water quality in swimming pools. These acts, referring to the parameter of Legionella spp., are complementary. This paper presents the results of evaluating the change in the sanitary status of hot water quality in terms of contamination with Legionella spp. bacteria in the selected swimming pool facilities in southern Poland (Silesian Voivodship). On the basis of the available water quality test from state inspections (Chief Sanitary Inspectorate), an analysis of the microbiological quality of hot water in swimming pools was conducted. The analyses included a spatial distribution of those facilities, which results from the regionalisation subject to the territorially competent public health authority exercising supervision over the water quality in the Silesian Voivodship. The methods were presented for determination of the health risk of swimming pool users as a result of contamination of swimming pool water with Legionella spp. in relation to the availability of a given recreation facility. The final result of these studies is the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) tools in spatial risk interpretation.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 2; 178-189
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contamination of the Šar Mountains Aquatorium – Kosovo with Depleted Uranium
Autorzy:
Stanojević, Nenad Z.
Đokić, Jelena V.
Lazarević, Đorđe R.
Nikezić, Dušan P.
Osmokrović, Predrag V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315741.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
environmental risk
health risk assessment
soil contamination
water contamination
depleted uranium
radiation survey
Kosovo
Opis:
The main objective of this study was to estimate the environmental and health risk of the Šar Mountains (Kosovo) for depleted uranium contamination. The risk assessment of the contamination is needed since, in the spring of 1999, conflict with bombarding took place in the territory of the Western Balkans, during which depleted uranium ammunition was used. In Serbia and Montenegro, such tests were performed; based on them, some territories were decontaminated. Šar Mountains is particularly important as it is one of the few water-rich areas in Kosovo. Therefore, soil and water samples were taken from characteristic places in the Šar Mountains aquatorium. Tests of the samples were performed under well-controlled conditions. The measurement uncertainty was less than 5%. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that there was no contamination of the Šar Mountains with depleted uranium. This conclusion can be extended to the broader area around the Šar Mountains, as it is a safe area surrounded by high mountains
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2023, 25; 1--8
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical incidents resulted in hazardous substances releases in the context of human health hazards
Autorzy:
Pałaszewska-Tkacz, Anna
Czerczak, Sławomir
Konieczko, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-02-21
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
environmental health
public health implications
health risk assessment
Chemical Hazards
chemical incidents
hazardous chemical releases
Opis:
Objectives The research purpose was to analyze data concerning chemical incidents in Poland collected in 1999–2009 in terms of health hazards. Material and Methods The data was obtained, using multimodal information technology (IT) system, from chemical incidents reports prepared by rescuers at the scene. The final analysis covered sudden events associated with uncontrolled release of hazardous chemical substances or mixtures, which may potentially lead to human exposure. Releases of unidentified substances where emergency services took action to protect human health or environment were also included. Results The number of analyzed chemical incidents in 1999–2009 was 2930 with more than 200 different substances released. The substances were classified into 13 groups of substances and mixtures posing analogous risks. Most common releases were connected with non-flammable corrosive liquids, including: hydrochloric acid (199 cases), sulfuric(VI) acid (131 cases), sodium and potassium hydroxides (69 cases), ammonia solution (52 cases) and butyric acid (32 cases). The next group were gases hazardous only due to physico-chemical properties, including: extremely flammable propane-butane (249 cases) and methane (79 cases). There was no statistically significant trend associated with the total number of incidents. Only with the number of incidents with flammable corrosive, toxic and/or harmful liquids, the regression analysis revealed a statistically significant downward trend. The number of victims reported was 1997, including 1092 children and 18 fatalities. Conclusions The number of people injured, number of incidents and the high 9th place of Poland in terms of the number of Seveso establishments, and 4 times higher number of hazardous industrial establishments not covered by the Seveso Directive justify the need for systematic analysis of hazards and their proper identification. It is advisable enhance health risk assessment, both qualitative and quantitative, by slight modification of the data collection system so as to enable the determination of released chemical concentration and exposed populations. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(1):95–110
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 1; 95-110
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What is at risk? – an environmental health risk assessment related with pharmaceutical substances in drinking water
Autorzy:
Czernych, R.
Wrotkowska, M.
Muszyńska, A.
Wolska, L.
Zagożdżon, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/115911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Fundacja na Rzecz Młodych Naukowców
Tematy:
drinking water
pharmaceuticals
health risk assessment
exposure assessment
woda pitna
farmaceutyki
poziom ryzyka zdrowotnego
ocena narażenia
Opis:
Constantly increasing rate of drugs’ consumption can be related with environmental abundance of drug substances and their degradation products. Unused and used drugs are often discharged into municipal wastewaters or landfills. Wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove the entire load of drugs. Especially those which occur occasionally or at very low concentrations. Therefore, a variety of pharmaceuticals occur in surface and drinking water sources. A chronic low-level exposure to drugs occurring in a water environment can cause: antibiotic resistance, allergic reactions (eg. Penicillin), cause carcinogenesis (oxytetracycline, furazolidone), nephropathy (gentamicin) and have a negative impact on the natural human intestinal microflora. Therefore, it is not an easy task to assess a common human health effects related with chronic exposure to low doses of active pharmaceutical substances. Nonetheless, such knowledge seems essential in order to undertake preventive actions that would substantially decrease the level of health risk.
Źródło:
Challenges of Modern Technology; 2016, 7, 2; 14-20
2082-2863
2353-4419
Pojawia się w:
Challenges of Modern Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of inhalational exposure of residents of Wroclaw, Krakow and Warszawa to benzo[a]pyrene
Ocena narażenia inhalacyjnego mieszkańców Wrocławia, Krakowa oraz Warszawy na benzo(a)piren
Autorzy:
Pachurka, Łukasz
Gruszecka-Kosowska, Agnieszka
Kobus, Dominik
Sówka, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/388693.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
benzo[a]pyrene
health risk assessment
air pollution
benzo(a)piren
ocena ryzyka zdrowotnego
zanieczyszczenia powietrza
Opis:
Burning of fossil fuels and biomass, transport and industry are the main sources of PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in the atmosphere. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is also a compound identified in cigarette smoke. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has qualified benzo[a]pyrene for compounds with proven carcinogenic effects on humans. The target value for benzo[a]pyrene, taking into account health protection purposes, is defined in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment on the levels of certain substances in the air and it is annual average concentration 1 ng/m3. The aim of the study was to carry out a cancer risk assessment for residents of Wroclaw, Krakow and Warszawa related to inhalation exposure to benzo[a]pyrene in ambient air. The methodology employed by the American Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) was used in the study. The lifetime exposure of adults and children was assumed. The results of measurements carried out at the air monitoring stations under the State Environmental Monitoring by the Regional Inspectorates for Environmental Protection (RIEP) in Wroclaw, Krakow and Warszawa in the years 2014–2016 were used. The average concentration of BaP in the years 2014–2016 was 3.84, 6.31 and 2.19 ng/m3 for Wroclaw, Krakow and Warszawa respectively. The calculations show that the highest risk of cancer was obtained for the inhabitants of Krakow: 1.54 ∙ 10-5 children, 7.52 ∙ 10-6 women, 6.30 ∙ 10-6 men. The estimated cancer risk was higher for Krakow residents than for Wroclaw (1.01 ∙ 10-5 children, 4.94 ∙ 10-6 women, 3.82 ∙ 10-6 men) and Warszawa, where these indicators were the lowest (children: 5.34 ∙ 10-6, women: 2.61 ∙ 10-6, men: 2.19 ∙ 10-6). Children are the group most exposed to the risk of cancer associated with BaP in the air among the examined subpopulations.
Źródłami WWA (wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne) do atmosfery są m.in. transport, przemysł oraz spalanie paliw kopalnych. Benzo[a]piren jest także związkiem identyfikowanym w dymie papierosowym. Międzynarodowa Agencja Badań nad Rakiem (IARC) zakwalifikowała benzo[a]piren do związków o udowodnionym działaniu rakotwórczym na człowieka. Dopuszczalne stężenie benzo[a]piren ze względu na ochronę zdrowia określono w Rozporządzeniu Ministra Środowiska w sprawie poziomów niektórych substancji w powietrzu i wynosi ono 1 ng/m3. Celem pracy było przeprowadzenie oceny ryzyka nowotworowego dla mieszkańców Wrocławia, Krakowa i Warszawy związanego z narażeniem inhalacyjnym na benzo[a]piren w powietrzu atmosferycznym. W pracy zastosowano metodykę Amerykańskiej Agencji Ochrony Środowiska (US EPA). W badaniach założono narażenie całożyciowe osoby dorosłej oraz dziecka. W pracy wykorzystano wyniki pomiarów przeprowadzanych w ramach Państwowego Monitoringu Środowiska przez Wojewódzkie Inspektoraty Ochrony Środowiska (WIOŚ) we Wrocławiu, Krakowie oraz w Warszawie w latach 2014–2016. Średnia wartość stężenia B[a]P w latach 2014–2016 wyniosła dla Wrocławia, Krakowa i Warszawy odpowiednio: 3,84, 6,31 i 2,19 ng/m3. Z przeprowadzonych obliczeń wynika, iż najwyższą wartość ryzyka nowotworowego otrzymano dla mieszkańców Krakowa: dzieci: 1,54 ∙ 10-5, kobiety: 7,52 ∙ 10-6, mężczyżni: 6,30 ∙ 10-6. Wyznaczone wartości ryzyka nowotworowego były wyższe dla mieszkańców Krakowa niż Wrocławia (dzieci: 1,01 ∙ 10-5, kobiety: 4,94 ∙ 10-6, mężczyżni: 3,82 ∙ 10-6) i Warszawy, gdzie wyznaczone wartości ryzyka były niższe (dzieci: 5,34 ∙ 10-6, kobiety: 2,61 ∙ 10-6, mężczyżni: 2,19 ∙ 10-6). Wśród badanych populacji najbardziej narażone na ryzyko nowotworowe związane z obecnością B[a]P w powietrzu są dzieci.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2018, 25, 1; 39-49
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring surface contamination for thirty antineoplastic drugs: a new proposal for surface exposure levels (SELs)
Autorzy:
Dugheri, Stefano
Mucci, Nicola
Bucaletti, Elisabetta
Squillaci, Donato
Cappelli, Giovanni
Trevisani, Lucia
Bonari, Alessandro
Cecchi, Michele
Mini, Enrico
Ghiori, Andrea
Tognoni, Daniela
Berti, Nicola
Alderighi, Francesca
Li Vigni, Nicola
Orlandi, Irene
Arcangeli, Giulio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
health risk assessment
antineoplastic drugs
wipe test
ultra-high performance liquid chromatography
surface exposure level
tandem mass spectrometry
Opis:
Background Chemotherapy drugs are widely used to treat cancer, but their active compounds represent a danger for workers who could be exposed to them. However, they aren’t yet included in directive CE No. 1272/2008 and the European Biosafety Network has only recommended a limit value of 100 pg/cm2 for surface contamination. Thus, it is crucial to assess surface contaminations in healthcare environments. Currently, the technique of choice is surface wipe test combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to achieve high sensibility. Material and Methods A campaign involving Careggi University Hospital (Florence, Italy) was performed from January 2020 to December 2021, collecting 1449 wipe samples between administration units, preparation unit, and personnel gloves. From the obtained data, the 90th percentile was calculated for 30 antiblastic drugs and proposed as surface exposure levels (SELs); while from data concerning personnel glove contamination, weekly contamination was estimated. Results In the 2-year period only 417 wipe samples were found positive (28.8%), the majority of which regard samples coming from administration unit bathrooms. The proposed SELs are almost all <100 pg/cm2, except for few drugs which produce higher contamination on bathroom surfaces. Also, the estimation of pharmacy personnel’s glove contamination highlighted very low results (ng/week). Conclusions Deeply established protocols and procedures for safe handling of ADs allow for obtaining excellent cleaning results and thus a safer work environment, however, the risk of cytostatic contaminations cannot be avoided in healthcare workplaces, and thus a harmonization of classification and labeling of chemotherapy drugs throughout the European Union should be done.
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 5; 383-396
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Volatile organic compounds in motor vehicle interiors under various conditions and their effect on human health
Autorzy:
Verner, Jan
Sejkorová, Marie
Veselík, Petr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
benzene
BTEX
descriptive statistics
health risk assessment
vehicle
volatile organic compounds
VOCs
benzen
statystyka opisowa
ocena ryzyka zdrowotnego
pojazd
Lotne związki organiczne
LZO
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to estimate the mass concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E) and m-, p-, o-xylenes (X) inside of the driver-compartment of motor vehicles. The results were compared with the Czech limits for indoor environments and the external concentrations. The experiments were carried out on various routes with different methods of ventilation. The volatile emissions detected inside the vehicle were investigated in the city of Brno, Czech Republic. Cabin air was collected using desorption tubes and the samples were analysed by thermal desorption gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector coupled with a mass detector. VOC concentrations detected in the cabin of the vehicle ranged from 2.93 µg.m-3 to 7.96 µg.m-3 for benzene, 1.42 µg.m-3 to 4.38 µg.m-3. for toluene, 44.06 µg.m-3 to 152.00 µg.m-3 for ethylbenzene and 63.07 µg.m-3 to 479.62 µg.m-3 for xylenes. The indoor limit value for benzene, according to the Czech standard, is 7 µg.m-3. Levels of toluene were consistently below the Czech hourly standard, whose value according to the Czech standard is 300 µg.m-3. According to our findings, various methods of ventilation are an important factor influencing the BTEX pollution levels within the interior of the vehicle. In addition, this paper presents the influence results of benzene on the health of passengers inside the cabin of the vehicle. The results show that all age categories, especially children under the age of two, are exposed to increased health risks.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2020, 107; 205--216
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human health risk assessment of uranium in drinking water sampled from drilled wells located in rural areas of the Lower Silesian region (Poland)
Ocena ryzyka zdrowotnego związanego z obecnością uranu w wodzie przeznaczonej do spożycia pobieranej z wierconych studni zlokalizowanych na obszarach wiejskich Dolnego Śląska (Polska)
Autorzy:
Garboś, S.
Święcicka, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
uranium
well water
rural areas
human exposure
health risk assessment
ICP-MS
uran
studnia
woda studzienna
obszary wiejskie
zagrożenie zdrowia
ryzyko zdrowotne
spektroskopia mas
Opis:
Uranium concentrations in groundwater taken from private drilled wells have been never determined in Poland, implying a lack of available data to quantify the human exposure to U through drinking water consumption, especially in rural areas influenced by mining activities. The main aim of the study was the assessment of human health risk related to the consumption of well waters containing U, collected from selected rural areas of the Lower Silesian region (Poland). The random daytime (RDT) sampling method was applied to the collection of well waters from three control study areas (CSA): Mniszków (CSA-A), Stara Kamienica/M. Kamienica/Kopaniec (CSA-B) and Kletno (CSA-C). The analyses of RDT samples were performed by validated method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Uranium concentration ranges in well waters and the estimated geometric means for individual control study areas were: 0.005-1.03 μg/L and 0.052 μg/L (CSA-A), 0.027-10.6 μg/L and 0.40 μg/L (CSA-B), and 0.006-27.1 μg/L and 0.38 μg/L (CSA-C). The average and individual chronic daily intakes (CDI) of U by drinking water pathway (adults/children) were in the ranges of: 0.0017-0.013/0.0052-0.040 μg · kg-1 · day-1 and 0.0002-0.90/0.0005-2.71 μg · kg-1 · day-1. The average %TDI and ranges of individual %TDI (adults/children) were: 0.17%/0.52% and 0.02-3.4%/0.05-10.3% (CSA-A), 1.3%/4.0% and 0.09-35%/0.27-106% (CSA-B), and 1.3%/3.8% and 0.02-90%/0.06-271% (CSA-C). The estimated average CDI values of U through well water are significantly lower than the TDI (1 μg · kg-1 · day-1), while for individual CDI values the contribution to the TDI can reach even 90% (adults) and 271% (children), indicating essential human health risk for children consuming well water from private drilled wells located in CSA-B and CSA-C (5.3% of total number of samples collected).
Stężenia uranu w wodach gruntowych pobieranych z prywatnych studni wierconych nie były dotąd badane w Polsce. W związku z tym, brak jest jakichkolwiek danych pozwalających na określenie narażenia ludzi na uran, związanego z konsumpcją wody przeznaczonej do spożycia, w szczególności na obszarach wiejskich, na terenach których prowadzono działalność górniczą. Głównym celem niniejszej pracy była ocena ryzyka zdrowotnego związanego z konsumpcją wód studziennych zawierających uran, pobieranych z wytypowanych obszarów wiejskich Dolnego Śląska (Polska). Do pobierania próbek wód studziennych z trzech obszarów badań kontrolnych (CSA): Mniszków (CSA-A), Stara Kamienica/M. Kamienica/Kopaniec (CSA-B) i Kletno (CSA-C), została zastosowana metoda RDT (ang.: Random DayTime). Analizy próbek RDT przeprowadzono za pomocą zwalidowanej metody opartej na spektrometrii mas z jonizacją w plazmie indukcyjnie sprzężonej (ICP-MS). Zakresy stężeń uranu w wodach studziennych i wyznaczone średnie geometryczne stężenia U w przypadkach poszczególnych obszarów wynosiły: 0,005-1,03 μg/L i 0,052 μg/L (CSA-A), 0,027-10,6 μg/L i 0,40 μg/L (CSA-B) oraz 0,006-27,1 μg/L i 0,38 μg/L (CSA-C). Średnie i indywidualne chroniczne dzienne pobrania (CDI, ang. Chronic Daily Intake) uranu związane z konsumpcją wody przeznaczonej do spożycia (dorośli/dzieci) zawarte były odpowiednio w zakresach: 0,0017-0,013/0,0052-0,040 μg · kg-1 · dzień-1 i 0,0002-0,90/0,0005-2,71 μg · kg-1 · dzień-1. Wyznaczone średnie i zakresy indywidualnych procentowych udziałów wartości CDI w tolerowanym dziennym pobraniu (TDI=1 μg · kg-1 · dzień-1, ang. Tolerable Daily Intake) (dorośli/dzieci) wynosiły: 0,17%/0,52% i 0,02-3,4%/0,05-10,3% (CSA-A), 1,3%/4,0% i 0,09-35%/0,27-106% (CSA-B) oraz 1,3%/3,8% i 0,02-90%/0,06-271% (CSA-C). Wyznaczone średnie wartości CDI uranu są znacząco niższe od ustalonej wartości TDI, podczas gdy w przypadkach indywidualnych wartości CDI ich udział w TDI może osiągać nawet 90% (dorośli) i 271% (dzieci), implikując istotne zagrożenie zdrowia dzieci spożywających wodę z prywatnych studni wierconych na obszarach CSA-B i CSA-C (5,3% całkowitej ilości pobranych próbek).
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2015, 41, 2; 21-27
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Związki azotu w wodzie studziennej w świetle ryzyka zdrowotnego mieszkańców gminy Wodynie (woj. Mazowieckie)
Nitrogen compounds in well water in view of health risk to inhabitants of the commune Wodynie (Masovian voivodship)
Autorzy:
Raczuk, J.
Biardzka, E.
Michalczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/338670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
ocena ryzyka zdrowotnego
studnie przydomowe
związki azotu
assessment of health risk
farm wells
nitrogen compounds
Opis:
Badania stężenia związków azotu w wodzie ze studni przydomowych prowadzono od września 2006 r. do października 2007 r. na terenie gminy Wodynie w woj. mazowieckim. Badaniami objęto wodę pochodzącą z 18 studni kopanych i wierconych. Próbki wody pobierano sześciokrotnie i oznaczono w nich stężenie: NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ oraz twardość ogólną, odczyn i przewodność elektrolityczną. W pracy oszacowano ryzyko zdrowotne wynikające z obecności azotanów (V) w wodzie spożywanej przez ludność. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że 39% badanych ujęć charakteryzuje się wodą o ponadnormatywnym stężeniu azotanów (V), a 6% ujęć - wodą o ponadnormatywnym stężeniu azotanów (III). Stężenie jonów amonowych w wodzie mieściło się w zakresie normy. Wykazano istotne statystycznie różnice w stężeniu azotanów (V) w wodzie studni kopanych i wierconych. Oceniając ryzyko zdrowotne, stwierdzono, że w przypadku 89% badanych wód studziennych ludność spożywała wraz z wodą azotany (V) w ilości przekraczającej akceptowane dzienne pobranie ADI, czyli poniżej marginesu bezpieczeństwa (ADI : EDI ə). Wśród 18 monitorowanych studni woda tylko z czterech studni przez cały okres badań spełniała zalecane normy, z wyjątkiem magnezu.
Analyses of nitrogen compounds in water from farm wells were carried out from September 2006 till October 2007 in the Wodynie commune (Masovian voivodship). Water was sampled from 18 dug and drilled wells six times. Chemical analyses involved determination of NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO43-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, total hardness, pH, and electrolytic conductivity. Health risk resulting from the presence of nitrates in water consumed by people was assessed in this paper. Obtained results indicate that 39% of studied wells had water of excessive nitrate concentrations and 6% - water of excessive nitrite concentrations. Concentration of ammonium ions fell within permissible standards. There were statistically significant differences in nitrate concentrations between dug and drilled wells. In the case of 89% of studied wells it was found that people took in nitrates from water in amounts exceeding acceptable daily intake (below the safety margin ADI:EDI ə). From among 18 analysed wells the water from only 4 wells conformed to recommended standards (except for magnesium).
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2009, 9, 1; 87-97
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health behaviours in Scaffold use risk assessment model - SURAM
Autorzy:
Bojar, H.
Silveira, F.
Rebelo, M.
Czarnocka, E.
Czarnocki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
health behaviours
risk assessment
work safety
Opis:
Introduction. Problems concerning occupational safety and health are commonly found in the construction industry, including falling materials, tools or people from a height, stepping on objects, and injuries caused by hand tools. An important factor in occupational safety in the construction industry is the use of scaffolds. All scaffolds used in construction, renovation, repair (including isolating, painting and decorating) and demolition, should be erected, maintained and dismantledin accordance with safety procedures. Therefore, it is crucial to deal with the safety of scaffolds and risk assessment in the construction industry; thus, the way of undertaking the assessment and the liability of assessment seems to be essential for professionals. However, it has been found that those professionals are prone to rely heavily on their own experience and knowledge in decision-making regarding risk assessment. Materials and method. The Scaffold Use Risk Assessment Model (SURAM) has been developed for assessing risk levels at various stages of the construction process in various work trades. The SURAM is the result of a research project carried out at 60 construction sites in Poland and Portugal where 504 observations have been completed including both harmful physical and chemical factors, stress level, workers’ habits, as well as a hundreds ex-post reconstruction of construction accidents scenarios. Results. It was found that the workers’ Health Behaviour Index (HBI) seems to be a more direct predictor for development of the unsafe chain of events leading to an accident than the workload, and concentration of harmful factors at the workplace. Conclusions. The developed HBI module of SURAM seems to be beneficial for predicting high-risk construction activities, and thus preventing the occurrence of accidents, based on a set of historical accident data.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 1; 138-142
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact Study of a Dust Removal System on Reduction of Selected Health Hazards of Employees in Carpentry
Autorzy:
Michalski, K.
Gembalska-Kwiecień, A.
Musioł, A.
Olejárová, Š.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
dedusting installations
risk assessment
OHS
health hazard
Opis:
One of the most important aspects related to the proper functioning of prosperous enterprises in the wood industry is to ensure safe and hygienic working conditions. The fulfillment of this condition is obligatory for all workplaces regardless of the field of activity. Due to the specificity of the industry based on wood processing, this industry is inseparably connected with the problem of pollination at workplaces. The chips that are formed during processing make it difficult to work, remain in and around workplaces, creating additional risks and impairing the quality of the manufactured products. It is therefore necessary to apply solutions to eliminate the dust hazard. One of such solutions, belonging to collective protection measures against pollination, are dedusting installations. One of the tools to improve working conditions is mandatory risk assessment. Thanks to its reliable implementation, it is possible to identify hazards occurring at workplaces and take measures to improve working conditions. Proper management of occupational risk is one of the key elements to ensure protection against risks at an appropriate level. The article analyzes the impact of the dedusting installation on the reduction of selected health hazards for employees in the selected carpentry shop.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 323--329
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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