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Tytuł:
Modelling the Impact of Agriculture on the Greenhouse Effect on Regional Scale
Modelowanie wpływu rolnictwa na efekt cieplarniany w skali regionalnej
Autorzy:
Blank, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
Agriculture
Greenhouse effect
Opis:
Many models on the contribution of agriculture to the greenhouse effect exist. Yet there is a lack of a complete picture of the interactions between land use and carbon emissions in Europe especially from the economic point of view.
Istnieje wiele modeli opisujących wpływ rolnictwa na powstawanie efektu cieplarnianego, jednakże do tej pory nie powstało w Europie kompletne opracowanie wyjaśniające interakcje zachodzące pomiędzy użytkowaniem ziemi rolniczej a emisją dwutlenku węgla. Ponadto nie przedstawiono dotychczas ekonomicznych skutków problemu. Artykuł prezentuje wybrane modele aktualnie stosowane do analizy badanego zjawiska.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2004, 3, 359; 13-20
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected problems of greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles
Autorzy:
Żółtowski, A.
Grzelak, P. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241556.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
greenhouse effect
greenhouse gases
emission
environmental protection
Opis:
Emissions of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, dinitrogene monoxide, water vapours and ozone was constant until the end of eighteenth century, and then began to increase. This increase was particularly steep after 1950 and continues until today. It is estimated, that changes in greenhouse gas concentrations in the air, which lasts for more than 200 years, stemmed largely from human activities, including the development of agriculture, transport and industry. The article discusses the problem of the greenhouse effect in terms of emissions of selected gases and components from the motor vehicles. It presents the results of pollutants emissions measurements, including greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles, in some research tests, curried out on the chassis dynamometer. There is assessed the impact on greenhouse gas emissions from different engine sources (exhaust system, fuel system, and crankcase) due to the following fuels: LPG, CNG, petrol, diesel oil and biodiesel. This article is a fragment of greater work devoted determination of emission indicators for greenhouse gases useful in calculation of total emissions by selected transport sectors. There are two interesting conclusion of this work: the first is that for diesel engine significant part of greenhouse gas emissions have PM emissions and the second that for older spark ignition engines equipped with open type fuel systems very important part of these emissions have hydrocarbon emissions from fuel system.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 575-582
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural and anthropogenic causes of climate changes
Autorzy:
Haman, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
climate change
greenhouse effect
climate forecasting
Opis:
The paper gives a short review of the basic physical mechanisms responsible for climate changes with particular attention paid to the structure of the Atmosphere–the Rest of the Earth dynamical system and its chaotic nature. The essence of "greenhouse effect" is explained and input of various natural and anthropogenic factors into it is presented. Problems, difficulties and uncertainties connected with reconstruction of past climates and and forcasting the future are discussed. Particular role of mathematical modelling in understanding and predicting the evolution of climate is emphasized.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2008, 1
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of selected polymer plasters used in food industries
Autorzy:
Bałdowska-Witos, Patrycja
Tomporowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073668.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
emissions
PLA bottle
greenhouse effect
packaging
PET bottle
Opis:
Poland ranks sixth in Europe (behind Germany, Italy, France, Spain and England) in terms of demand for plastics, and the Polish plastics processing industry used in 2017 to produce about 3.5 million tons of polymer materials, in view of total demand in Europe estimated at approx. 51.5 million tons. It is assumed that Polish industry uses about 7% of total demand in Europe. In Poland, about 33% of the domestic demand for plastics is directed to the packaging industry. Along with the growing demand for plastics, packaging production and social consumption are increasing. The article presents the sources of greenhouse gas emissions from the food industry. An LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) analysis was carried out that identifies potential environmental burdens for the bottle forming process. The scope of work included selected stages of shaping bottles made of two types of PET and PLA polymer materials. The aim of the work was to demonstrate the impact of bottle production on the condition of the natural environment and to indicate the factors determining these influences.
Źródło:
Journal of Polish CIMEEAC; 2019, 14, 1; 21--27
1231-3998
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Polish CIMEEAC
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heat Resistance of Landfill Vegetation
Autorzy:
Popovych, Vasyl
Stepova, Kateryna
Telak, Oksana
Telak, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
temperature
heat resistance
landfill
vegetation
greenhouse effect
climate change
Opis:
The heat resistance of vegetation at landfills is worth investigating for the determination of the optimal species for the biological reclamation phase. Insufficiency of experimental data on comparative stability of the stems and roots make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the heat resistance of the organs of the plants. It should be noted that many scientific works are devoted to the thermal stability of cultivated and agricultural plants. The reason is that the temperature conditions should be taken into account when growing vegetables, fruits and mushrooms. However, the heat resistance of weeds, specifically in landfills, has not been investigated thoroughly enough. Increased substrate temperatures at the landfill site, which are caused by the burning of waste, alter the microclimate, cause the greenhouse effect, and contribute to the climate change. The aim of the work was to investigate the heat resistance of 5 most common plant species that have evolved in the landfills of the Western Ukrainian Forest-Steppe District (Ukraine). The plant specimens were collected at the Lviv, Rava-Ruska and Chervonograd landfills. The heat resistance of landfill vegetation was determined according to the Matskov method during 2015–2018. The following materials, reagents and equipment were used for the experiments: green leaves of 5 species of the investigated plants (weeds) – wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris), absinthium (Artemisia absinthium), city goosefoot (Chenopodium urbicum), common burdock (Arctium lappa), dooryard plantain (Plantago major); 0.2 N hydrochloric acid; heated bath, thermometers, pipettes, petri dishes, crystallizers, electric hot plate, marker. The experiments were conducted in triplicate. During the investigation of the heat resistance of the landfill vegetation, it was found that the most stable species are wormwoods (Artemisia) in all areas of the landfill, and the least heat-resistant is city goosefoot. The temperature of 70–80°C is detrimental to all of the tested plants. It was found that the lowest heat resistance is characteristic of the plants that develop at the foot of landfills.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 1; 267-273
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of Landfill Cover in Reducing Methane Emission
Autorzy:
Cao, Y.
Staszewska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205092.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
greenhouse effect
methane emission
landfi ll cover
methane reduction
Opis:
Uncontrolled emissions of landfill gas may contribute significantly to climate change, since its composition represents a high fraction of methane, a greenhouse gas with 100- year global warming potential 25 times that of carbon dioxide. Landfill cover could create favourable conditions for methanotrophy (microbial methane oxidation), an activity of using bacteria to oxidize methane to carbon dioxide. This paper presents a brief review of methanotrophic activities in landfill cover. Emphasis is given to the effects of cover materials, environmental conditions and landfill vegetation on the methane oxidation potential, and to their underlying effect mechanisms. Methanotrophs communities and methane oxidation kinetics are also discussed. Results from the overview suggest that well-engineered landfill cover can substantially increase its potential for reducing emissions of methane produced in landfill to the atmosphere.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2013, 39, 3; 115-126
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impacts of global climate change
Autorzy:
Kundzewicz, Zbiniew W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
climate change
climate change impacts
greenhouse effect
mitigation
projections
Opis:
The warming of the climate of the Earth has been unequivocal, most notably due to the mancaused increase of atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases, leading to intensification of the greenhouse effect. Projections for the future explain that we are commited to further, possibly even more intense, warming, whose rate depends on the scenario of socio-economic development and effective climate change mitigation policy. If the global emissions grow in uncontrolled way and carbon sequestration potential decreases, the warming can attain a dangerous dimension. Global warming induces change in all variables of hydroclimatic systems. As demonstrated in the present contribution, the impacts of global climat change – both advantageous and (more often) adverse can be noted in all regions of the globe and in all systems and sectors, some of which are particularly vulnerable. Yet, many of these impacts can be avoided, reduced, or delayed, by effective climate change mitigation.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2008, 1
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie biopaliw i systemu ich certyfikacji – polityka energetyczna i klimatyczna Unii Europejskiej
Importance of Biofuels and their Certification System – Energy and Climate Policy of the European Union
Autorzy:
Zalega, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416623.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-02
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
biofuels
energy policy
climate policy
biofuel certification system
greenhouse effect
Opis:
Importance of Biofuels and their Certification System – Energy and Climate Policy of the European Union An increase in the greenhouse effect, which results from the emission of the carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases coming from fossil fuels combustion, adds to the global warming that can change the climate conditions and life on the Earth. That is why biofuels are considered an alternative to fossil fuels, being an example of renewable energy sources (RES). On the basis of the Renewable Energy Directive, which is part of the climate and energy package of the European Union, every Member State is obliged to ensure that the percentage of RES in all types of transportation in 2020 will be at least 10 percent. This level can be reached only through the use of biofuels produced in a sustainable manner. However, as transpires from the audit conducted by the European Court of Auditors, the EU system for the certification of sustainable biofuels is not fully reliable.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2017, 62, 1 (372); 40-60
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Analysis of Local Climate Effects: A Case Study of athe Lviv International Airport
Autorzy:
Cherniak, Larysa
Radomska, Margaryta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390760.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa w Poznaniu
Tematy:
airport
aircraft emissions
microclimate
greenhouse effect
radiative forcing
climate change
Opis:
The effect of aircraft emissions on the global climate is a serious long-term environmental issue faced by the aviation industry. As the number of passengers grows, so does the use of jet fuel and the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). This may destabilize the world’s climatic systems, which will consequently lead to global, regional and local environmental, economic and social damage. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that aircrafts are currently responsible for 3.5 % of the total anthropogenic greenhouse effect. To avoid the negative consequences of climate change, it is necessary to fully understand factors affecting this problem locally and develop methods of mitigating airport climate effects. This article describes and analyses calculations of radiative forcing of aircraft emissions and the radiative impact of clouds in the surrounding area of the Lviv airport. The calculated values were verified against temperature data for the city and at the airport provided by meteorological authorities.
Źródło:
Studia Periegetica; 2017, 17(1); 123-138
1897-9262
2658-1736
Pojawia się w:
Studia Periegetica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emisja dwutlenku węgla a zagrożenie efektem cieplarnianym
Emission of carbon dioxide and threat of greenhouse effect
Autorzy:
Gumuła, S.
Piaskowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
spalanie
dwutlenek węgla
efekt cieplarniany
combustion
carbon dioxide emission
greenhouse effect
Opis:
W artykule opisano mechanizmy fizyczne powstawania efektu cieplarnianego w atmosferze. Omówiono jego rolę w kształtowaniu parametrów termicznych atmosfery oraz pokazano charakterystyki emisyjności (absorpcyjności) dwutlenku węgla i pary wodnej. Wskazano, że głównym czynnikiem, decydującym o powstawaniu efektu cieplarnianego jest para wodna. Udział innych gazów, w tym dwutlenku węgla, jest ułamkowy. Pokazano również, że współczynniki absorpcyjności głównych gazów cieplarnianych ze wzrostem temperatury maleją, co oznacza zmniejszenie się efektu cieplarnianego ze wzrostem temperatury atmosfery. Przedstawiono wyniki długookresowych badań zmian klimatu na Ziemi, określonych na podstawie izotopowego składu warstw lodowców oraz składu osadów głębin morskich, wskazujących, że temperatura powietrza przy powierzchni Ziemi w skali długoterminowej ulegała, z niewiadomych przyczyn, znacznym wahaniom. W świetle tych informacji i rozważań obwinianie wyłącznie dwutlenku węgla za zmiany oraz anomalie stanu atmosfery jest mocno dyskusyjne.
The paper outlines the physical mechanisms of the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. It describes the role of the greenhouse effect in controlling thermal parameters in the atmosphere, emission characteristics of CO2 and water vapor emission characteristics. Water vapor is shown to be the major determinant of the greenhouse effects in the atmosphere. The contribution of other gases, including CO2, is really minor. It is shown that absorption coefficients for the key greenhouse gases tend to decrease while temperature increase, which implies that the greenhouse effect becomes less intense at elevated temperatures in the atmosphere. Long-term climate research data are recalled, obtained on the basis of isotope tests of glacier layers and composition of sediments on the sea and ocean floor, indicating that the air temperature near the Earth surface has displayed large fluctuations when measured in the long-term, and the reasons for these fluctuations are not sufficiently well known. In the light of this research data, attributing all climate changes and anomalies to the CO2 emission only, seems to lack proper justification.
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2009, T. 12, z. 2/2; 185-192
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of palaeoclimate and the green house effect on Hettangian clay mineral as sem blages (Holy Cross Mts. area, Polish Basin)
Autorzy:
Brański, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Hettangian
Holy Cross Mountains
margin
clay mineral assemblages
palaeoclimate
greenhouse effect
Opis:
Hettangian clay mineral assemblages from the Holy Cross Mts. margin (south eastern part of the epicontinental Polish Basin) were mostly controlled by climaticcon ditions and weathering regime. Hettangian claystones and mudstones were deposited in continental and marine-margin palaeoenvironments in a warm climate, mostly with year-round humidity. The pronounced, long-term green house conditions intensified chemical weathering in the hinterland. Reworking and redeposition of ancient sediments caused by tectonics and/or by sea-level changes and early diagenesis may have modified the clay mineral content in the earliest Hettangian. Burial diagenesis and telodiagenesis changed the clay mineral composition only locally.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2009, 53, 3; 363-368
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
LandGEM Biogas Estimation, Energy Potential and Carbon Footprint Assessments of a Controlled Landfill Site. Case of the Controlled Landfill of Mohammedia-Benslimane, Morocco
Autorzy:
Oukili, Ahlam Idrissi
Mouloudi, Meriyem
Chhiba, Mostafa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
municipal solid waste
LandGEM
methane
carbon footprint
greenhouse effect
electrical energy
Opis:
Landfills throughout the world are contributing to the global warming problem. This is due to the existence of the most important greenhouse gases in landfill gas; namely, methane and carbon dioxide. Methane has a high potential for energy production and by utilizing the proper technology, large amounts of energy can be extracted from it. This paper deals with the estimation of methane emissions from the controlled municipal solid waste landfill of Mohammedia-Benslimane (MB) in Morocco. Methane emissions were calculated using the LandGEM method. In this research, the following parameters were evaluated: the amount of landfilled waste, the characteristics of the landfill and the composition of the landfilled waste, as well as the climatic conditions prevailing in the region. According to the LandGEM model, the total amount of methane generated from approximately 3.663 E+06 kg of municipal solid waste that will be buried of in the MB controlled landfill over 20 years,2012 to 2032, is 1.76 E+08 m3. For the year 2020, the estimated electrical energy production in the landfill is 1.78 E+07 kWh. Regarding the carbon footprint for this landfill, the landfilling of household solid waste at the MB landfill has resulted in a production of about 499,238,000 kg CO2e in 2020 since its opening in 2012, according to the LandGEM model. These huge amounts of greenhouse gas are related to the fact that the waste buried at this landfill is highly organic. By installing an efficient system to capture and flare the biogas generated in this landfill, the management of this landfill is actively contributing to the protection of the environment by mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 3; 116--129
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Passive cooling through the atmospheric window for vehicle temperature control
Autorzy:
Khan, Umara
Zevenhoven, Ron
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955001.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermal radiation
passive cooling
vehicle skylight
greenhouse effect
computational fluid dynamics
Opis:
One of the most energy-intensive activities for a vehicle is space air conditioning, for either cooling or heating. Considerable energy savings can be achieved if this can be decoupled from the use of fuel or electricity. This study analyzes the opportunities and effectiveness of deploying the concept of passive cooling through the atmospheric window (i.e. the 8– 14 nm wavelength range where the atmosphere is transparent for thermal radiation) for vehicle temperature control. Recent work at our institute has resulted in a skylight (roof window) design for passive cooling of building space. This should be applicable to vehicles as well, using the same materials and design concept. An overall cooling effect is obtained if outgoing (long wavelength greater than 4 nm) thermal radiation is stronger than the incoming (short wavelength less than 4 nm) thermal radiation. Of particular interest is to quantify the passive cooling of a vehicle parked under direct/indirect sunlight equipped with a small skylight, designed based on earlier designs for buildings. The work involved simulations using commercial computational fluid dynamics software implementing (where possible) wavelengthdependency of thermal radiation properties of materials involved. The findings show that by the use of passive cooling, a temperature difference of up to 7–8 K is obtained with an internal gas flow rate of 0.7 cm/s inside the skylight. A passive cooling effect of almost 27 W/m2 is attainable for summer season in Finland. Comparison of results from Ansys Fluent and COMSOL models shows differences up to about 10 W/m2 in the estimations.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 25--44
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekologiczne problemy zmian klimatu na Ukrainie
Ecological Problems of Climate Changes in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Shuvar, Ivan
Snitinskiy, Volodymyr
Shuvar, Andrey
Gudz, Volodymyr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26850790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Zamojska
Tematy:
ochrona środowiska
globalne ocieplenie
produkcja rolnicza
environmental protection
greenhouse effect
agriculture
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono rezultaty zaprezentowane przez wielu autorów zajmujących się problematyką oceny produkcyjności agrofitocenozy, ochrony najcenniejszego dla niej środowiska i jakości produkcji rolniczej na trenie Ukrainy, głównie w zachodniej jej części. Analizowano wpływ globalnego ocieplenia klimatu na związane z tym faktem problemy ekologiczne oraz socjalno-ekonomiczne w skali mikro danego regionu, lub kraju, jak też w skali makro dotyczących globalnie tych zagadnień. Stwierdza się, że prace związane z selekcją i technologią prac prowadzonych w rolnictwie na Ukrainie pozwalają na produkcję ziarna zbóż w ciągu najbliższych 5-6 lat na poziomie sięgającym 80 mln ton. W normalnych warunkach zakłada się, że w typowej produkcji rolniczej blisko 25-30% plonów zabezpiecza się przez stosowanie wysoko produkcyjnych gatunków i ich mieszańców rolniczych odmian roślin, jak też stosowania właściwego zmianowania roślin – płodozmianu. Wprowadzenie nowych innowacyjnych, lepiej przystosowanych do miejscowych warunków odmian roślin, pozwala zabezpieczyć kolejny wzrost plonów o 30-40% zebranego ziarna zbóż z każdego hektara zasiewów. Efektu tych działań należy doszukiwać się w tkwiącym przede wszystkim genetycznym potencjale zbóż i ich mieszańców roślin uprawnych, prowadzonej na Ukrainie selekcji ziarna zbóż, właściwie stosowanej nowoczesnej technologii w produkcji rolniczej.
The paper presents the results of authors’ long-term researches aimed at the increase of the agrocoenosis productivity, protection of the natural environment and quality of Ukrainian agricultural produce, particularly in the western region. Modern plant-breeding technological developments of the Ukrainian scientists can enable the production of 80 million tons of common grain within the next 5-6 years. The introduction of other innovations can provide additional 30-40% growth of grain from one hectare. It is all possible thanks to genetic potential of Ukrainian crops and people, Ukrainian crops selection, and modern technology used in agriculture.
Źródło:
Facta Simonidis; 2014, 7, 1; 243-254
1899-3109
Pojawia się w:
Facta Simonidis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozwój rynku unijnych uprawnień do emisji gazów cieplarnianych
Development of the European Union Carbon Allowances Market
Autorzy:
Dyduch, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/585828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Efekt cieplarniany
Emisja gazów
Ochrona środowiska
Environmental protection
Gas emissions
Greenhouse effect
Opis:
The use of market mechanisms in environmental protection was the cause of coming into being of financial markets on which emission allowances are traded. Introduction of the European Union Emissions Trading System and mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol exerted a particular influence on the development of these markets. The EU market is the biggest emission allowance market in the world in terms of trading volume and value and becomes a more and more important element of global financial markets. A situation on this market is essential for enterprises wishing to acquire carbon allowances in order to cover their greenhouse gases emissions entities investing in low-carbon technologies and entities interested in gaining profits from speculative transactions.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 198 cz 1; 60-69
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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