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    Wyświetlanie 1-93 z 93
    Tytuł:
    Changes of Dentario Glanduleosae-Fagetum Forest Stand in Roztocze National Park, South Eastern Poland from 1946 to 2001
    Autorzy:
    Tracz, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/764803.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    beechwood
    Roztocze
    forest stand changes
    Opis:
    Roztocze Nation Park (RNP) is located in the central part of Roztocze, a hilly region in south-eastern Poland. The most important type of forest community in RNP is Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum. Potential and real vegetation, as well as forest stand maps were used to analyze changes of the age and species structure of beechwood stand from 1946 to 2001. Beechwoods were dominated by two species: fir and beech. During the last 50 years their proportion has entirely changed and the share of oldest groups of stand (over 120 years old) has increased significantly.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica; 2010, 6; 137-144
    1730-2366
    2083-8484
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Diversity of spruce ectomycorrhizal morphotypes in four mature forest stands in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Karlinski, L
    Kieliszewska-Rokicka, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41194.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Polska
    air pollution
    mature forest stand
    forest stand
    ectomycorrhizal diversity
    Picea abies
    Norway spruce
    forest type
    environment pollution
    soil
    Opis:
    Ectomycorrhizal communities structure of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. (Karst.) was studied in four mature forest stands: Brenna, Salmopol, Zwierzyniec and Mirachowo. Morphological classification was used to distinguish the major mycorrhizal types associated with spruce in different forest types. Three of the foreststands were located within the natural geographical range of Norway spruce (Brenna, Salmopol, Zwierzyniec) and one (Mirachowo) was located in so-called “spruce-less zone”. The sites differed in terms of environmental pollution. The mountain sites (Brenna, Salmopol) were characterized by relatively high levels of air pollution. The upland forest stand (Zwierzyniec), located in the southeastern part of Poland, was affected by a moderate pollution. The lowland stand in northern Poland (Mirachowo) was free from direct impact of anthropogenic pollution. The level of mycorrhizal colonization was 100% at all the study sites. Thirty-seven mycorrhizal morphotypes were distinguished in total. The number of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes varied between sites from 12 in Salmopol to 28 in Zwierzyniec. From one to three dominant morphotypes were found at the study site. Site-specific morhotypes were also observed. The frequency of mycorrhizal morphotypes differed between the forest stands.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2004, 51; 25-35
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Opracowanie technologii przetwarzania archiwalnych materiałów fotogrametrycznych do badań zmienności krajobrazu na przykładzie Słowińskiego Parku Narodowego
    Technology of processing archival aerial phothos for changes analysis of Słowinski National Park Landscape
    Autorzy:
    Michałowska, K.
    Głowienka, E.
    Mikrut, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/129978.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
    Tematy:
    photogrammetry
    structure
    forest stand
    nature reserve
    yew
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono technologie wykonania aerotriangulacji na bazie archiwalnych zdjęć lotniczych z lat 1951, 1964, 1975 i 1984, wykonanych w różnych skalach dla terenu Słowińskiego Parku Narodowego. Zdjęcia, w postaci diapozytywów, pozyskano z zasobów Zarządu Geografii Wojskowej w Warszawie. Jakość zdjęć w poszczególnych rocznikach była bardzo zróżnicowana. W celu podniesienia jakości opracowań fotogrametrycznych oraz możliwości fotointerpretacyjnych zastosowano metody przetwarzania obrazów cyfrowych. W pierwszym etapie przetwarzania zdjęć wykonano orientacje wewnętrzna i wzajemna zdjęć dla wszystkich bloków. Ze względu na specyfikę terenów SPN pomiar punktów wiążących był w znacznym stopniu utrudniony (ponad 60% opracowywanego bloku zdjęć zajmują ruchome wydmy, wody Bałtyku oraz jezior Łebsko, Gardno). Z uwagi na brak możliwości wyrównania bloku aerotriangulacji w systemie DEPHOS, proces ten wykonano w środowisku ImageStation. Konieczne było transformowanie danych z formatu Dephos’a (pikselowe współrzędne punktów wiążących na poszczególnych zdjęciach) do formatu ImageStation. Transformacji współrzędnych dokonano przy pomocy programu TRANSPOL. Jakość zdjęć miała bezpośredni wpływ na dokładność pomiarów zarówno punktów wiążących jak i fotopunktów, a także interpretacje szczegółów terenowych w późniejszym procesie generowania Numerycznego Modelu Terenu (NMT), który był podstawa analiz przestrzennoczasowych krajobrazu Słowińskiego Parku cechującego się wyjątkowo silna dynamika podłoża i roślinności. Prace były realizowane w ramach projektu KBN Nr N304 077 31/3060 „Modelowanie przestrzenne zmian wybranych elementów środowiska Słowińskiego Parku Narodowego”.
    The paper presents technology of aerotriangulation on the basis of multitemporal (1951, 1964, 1975, and 1984), aerial photos of the Słowinski National Park in various scale Those photos, as negatives, were obtained from the resources of military geographic authorities Military Geography Management in Warsaw. The quality of photos in particular year was highly diversified. Therefore, methods of digital image processing, such as filtration, "image reinforcement", or preliminary tonal balancing were applied to improve the quality of those photogrammetric materials, and to improve the possibilities of their photointerpretation. The DEPHOS photogrammetric station was used to perform measurements, necessary for adjustment of the aerotriangulation block. In the first stage, internal and relative orientations were performed for all photo blocks. Due to the specificity of the Park area, the measurement of binding points was substantially hindered (more than 70% of the photo block being processed are occupied by migrating dunes, the Baltic Sea, and the Łebsko and the Gardno lakes). In view of the lack of the possibility to balance the aerotriangulation block under the DEPHOS system, the process was performed in ImageStation environment. It was necessary to transform data from the Dephos format (pixel coordinates of binding points on particular photos) to the ImageStation format. The quality of photos directly affected the accuracy of measurements, both in relation to binding points, and to photopoints, as well as the interpretation of terrain details in the later process of DTM generation. The said research works were conducted under the research project No. N304 077 31/3060 [financed by the State Committee for Scientific Research and] titled "Spatial Modelling of Changes in Selected Elements of the Słowinski National Park. " DTM was the basis for spatial and time analyses of the Słowinski National Park landscape, which is marked by its exceptionally strong dynamics of substrate and vegetation.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2007, 17b; 495-504
    2083-2214
    2391-9477
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie technik geomatycznych do analizy rozmiaru i rozmieszczenia szkód spowodowanych w lasach przez huraganowe wiatry
    Autorzy:
    Będkowski, K.
    Norman, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/131038.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
    Tematy:
    huragan
    kartografia
    drzewostan
    Lipce
    hurricane
    cartography
    forest stand
    Opis:
    Autorzy omawiają wyniki analizy rozmieszczenia i rozmiaru szkód spowodowanych przez huragan, ja k i miał miejsce w dniu 21 sierpnia 1981 r. na terenie leśnictwa Lipce, stanowiącego część lasów doświadczalnych, należących do Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wykorzystano archiwalne materiały kartograficzne, zdjęcia lotnicze oraz dokumentację gospodarczą. Poszukiwano wskazówek, które pozwoliłyby na wyjaśnienie, dlaczego niektóre drzewostany ucierpiały w znacznym stopniu, natomiast inne przetrwały łab w ogóle nie uległy niszczycielskiej sile wiatru.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2002, 12; 37-48
    2083-2214
    2391-9477
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Koncepcja kwalifikowania drzewostanów do przebudowy
    The concept of classifying the forest stands for conversion
    Autorzy:
    Łopiński, L.
    Stępień, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015678.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    kryteria kwalifikacji
    drzewostany
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    forest stand conversion
    silviculture objective
    forest stand stability
    stock level
    forest functions
    conversion urgency
    Opis:
    The paper presents a set of criteria helpful in assessment of the conversion need. Variant I assumes the analysis of the multifunctional forest redevelopment need i.e. with no priority function. Variant II allows typing the forest stands that need conversion based on the possibility of playing a recreational, protection and productive function. The presented classification of forest stands based on the conversion need and its urgency was conducted on the basis of data from the forest inventory.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 05; 34-43
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wstępna analiza przydatności wielospektralnych zdjęć lotniczych do fotogrametrycznej inwentaryzacji struktur przestrzennych w drzewostanach
    Autorzy:
    Będkowski, K.
    Mikrut, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/131028.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
    Tematy:
    drzewostan
    fotogrametria
    zdjęcia lotnicze
    forest stand
    photogrammetry
    aerial photos
    Opis:
    W referacie zostanie przedstawiona analiza przydatności fotogrametrii w aspekcie inwentaryzacji struktur przestrzennych w drzewostanach na przykładzie wielospektralnych zdjęć lotniczych wykonanych kamerą MSK-4.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2004, 14; 1-4
    2083-2214
    2391-9477
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Can macrofungal biodiversity predict forest status and dynamics? A view from South European Mediterranean forests (Italy)
    Autorzy:
    Ambrosio, Elia
    Feest, Alan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543409.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    microfungi
    biodiversity
    forest stand
    forest dynamics
    terrestrial ecosystem
    environmental impact
    Mediterranean forest
    Italy
    Opis:
    Fungi are among the most important organisms on earth, and they are essential components of terrestrial ecosystems. Their reproductive structures are strictly dependent and affected by environmental conditions, and community dynamics over time and space may be indirect indicators of the health status of forests. We combined macrofungal biodiversity indices in eight Mediterranean forests in Italy and surveyed 160 plots by standardized surveys, to evaluate the role of macrofungi as early predictors of change in the forest structure. The results show that indices of fungal diversity are influenced by geographic and floristic conditions, and inter- and intra-annual temperature and rainfall fluctuations affect the formation of fungal fruiting bodies. These findings suggest that environmental changes could be reflected by macrofungi, and conservation initiatives should consider the pivotal role that fungi play in biodiversity monitoring.
    Źródło:
    Acta Mycologica; 2021, 56, 1; 567
    0001-625X
    2353-074X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Mycologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie taksonomicznej analizy danych lotniczego skanowania laserowego do rozpoznania pionowej struktury drzewostanu i jej przestrzennej zmienności
    Taxonomic analysis of airborne laser scanning data for the recognition of stand vertical structure and its spatial variability
    Autorzy:
    Będkowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979264.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    pinus sylvestris
    forest stand
    spatial structure
    segmentation
    taxonomic analysis
    LiDAR
    Opis:
    The aim of the research was to develop and verify the usefulness of the algorithm for grouping multi−feature objects known as Ward’s taxonomic method for distinguishing homogeneous spatial structures in a forest stands. Scots pine forest stand (20.137720 E, 51.754974 N) was divided into 10 zones differing in the share of undergrowth and up−growth of deciduous species, and the presence of single oak trees growing to the upper layer. The LiDAR data obtained in the first days of May 2007 was used. 459 sample plots of a radius of R=11.28 m located in a 20×20 m grid were set up in the study area. Histograms of spatial distribution of airborne laser scanning pulses were made for them. The histograms are described using eight variables: (1) height above ground level of the highest point of reflection of the laser pulse, (2) height above the upper maximum of the histogram, (3) height above ground level of the lower maximum of the histogram, (4) share of pulses reflected in the upper maximum of the histogram in the total number of pulses, (5) share of pulses in the area of the lower maximum of the histogram in the total number of pulses, (6) share of pulses of the first histogram layer in the total number of pulses, (7) share of pulses in the lower layers of the histogram (from layer no. 2 to no. 11, i.e. from 0.5 to 5.5 m) in the total number of pulses in layers 1−11, i.e. from 0 to 5.5 m, as well as (8) average height above ground of the reflection places of all pulses. The measure of the similarity of the extracted structures was the Euclidean distance of the points representing the histograms in the multidimensional feature space. The results of the division (segmentation) of forest space using the Ward’s method into 2 to 9 groups were analysed. It was found that the obtained divisions are related to the tree stand zones distinguished during the inventory carried out in the field. The proposed taxonomic method of LiDAR data analysis allows for the identification of homogeneous spatial structures in forest stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 10; 805-819
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wykorzystanie archiwalnych zdjęć lotniczych do odtworzenia profilu dokumentacyjnego w rezerwacie przyrody „Cisy Staropolskie im. Leona Wyczółkowskiego” w Wierzchlesie
    Use of archive aerial photographs for reconstructing documentary profile in leon Wyczolkowski Nature Reserve of the Old Polish Yews, Wierzchlas
    Autorzy:
    Będkowski, K.
    Górski, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/130372.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
    Tematy:
    fotogrametria
    struktura
    drzewostan
    rezerwat
    cis
    photogrammetry
    structure
    forest stand
    nature reserve
    yew
    Opis:
    W latach 1957-1958 na terenie rezerwatu przyrody w Wierzchlesie prowadzonobbadania, których celem było ustalenie stanu poszczególnych zespołów leśnych oraz poglądowe scharakteryzowanie siedlisk pod względem udziału gatunków drzew i struktury drzewostanów. Założono powierzchnie dokumentacyjna (profil) w postaci długiego i wąskiego pasa terenu, w którego granicach pomierzono położenie oraz wymiary wszystkich drzew. Wyniki przedstawiono w postaci przekrojów poziomego i pionowego. Dla terenu rezerwatu i jego okolic istnieją zdjęcia lotnicze wykonane m. in. w 1964 r. Postanowiono sprawdzić, czy materiały te można wykorzystać do przeprowadzenia analizy struktury drzewostanu na terenie całego rezerwatu. Pomiary wykonano za pomocą cyfrowej stacji fotogrametrycznej VSD-AGH. Stwierdzono dużą zgodność rozmieszczenia drzew na powierzchni dokumentacyjnej oraz, co szczególnie istotne, pionowych profili drzewostanów. Wykazano, że istnieje możliwość dokonania wiarygodnej, retrospektywnej oceny przebiegu naturalnych procesów na całym obszarze tego wyjątkowego obiektu i w jego otulinie.
    Between 1957-1958, elaborate research was conducted in the Leon Wyczolkowski Nature Reserve of Old Polish Yews, Wierzchlas. The objective of the study was to document the current condition of forest associations, and to provide the image of the stand’s spatial 3D structure. A profile was established in a form of a long and narrow strip. Both, the location and dimensions of every tree and shrub were registered inside. Collected data were presented in a form of vertical and horizontal cross-sections of the forest stand. Seven years later (in 1964), the aerial survey was performed there, from which the black & white photographs were found. We decided to check whether it would be possible to use them to reconstruct the spatial structure of nature reserve’s forest. For this purpose, a Video-Stereo-Digitizer and a digital photogrammetric station were used. The study proved close similarity between the forest structure registered photogrammetrically and that registered by field survey. The profiles compared matched also each other well. With the photogrammetric measurements, it is also possible to perform a reliable analysis of natural processes in the entire area of this nature reserve and its surroundings
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2007, 17a; 23-32
    2083-2214
    2391-9477
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    European ash in the Bardzkie Mountains - species characterization based on forest documentation
    Autorzy:
    Filipiak, M
    Dolatowska, A.
    Kmiecik, M.
    Pilarek, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40973.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Sudetes Mountains
    Bardzkie Mountains
    forest habitat type
    European ash
    Fraxinus excelsior
    forest documentation
    ecology
    forest stand composition
    Opis:
    On the basis of forest taxation data the presence of European ash in the Bardzkie Mountains area (central part of the Sudety Mountains) was analysed. This included the reckoning of the number of sites and the area covered by ash in various forest habitat types, age classes, altitude zones and on variously slanted and exposed mountain sides. The decline in the number of ashes in younger age classes and complete absence of trees older than 140 years have been noted. In the Bardzkie Mountains ash is the main species forming the forest on mountain riparian forest stands (a 43% participation in the area of forest of this type). Considering the number of specimens most ashes are scattered in mountain broadleaved forest. To the altitude of 650 m ash’ participation in the forest stand composition is stable (30% of analysed locations), but it occupies only 2.6% of total forest area.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2004, 52; 17-21
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza wybranych gatunków drzewostanu pod kątem zagrożenia pożarowego
    Analysis of selected stand species for fire hazard
    Autorzy:
    Zajemska, M.
    Musiał, D.
    Łukasiak, K.
    Hajdas, D.
    Placek, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952256.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    zagrożenie
    pożar
    drzewostan
    ciepło spalania
    fire hazard
    conflagration
    forest stand
    heat of combustion
    Opis:
    Pożary lasów przyczyniają się do powstawania szkodliwych, a także długotrwałych zmian w ekosystemach roślinnych. Prowadzą również do zmian w atmosferze na skutek emisji GHG (greenhause gas - gaz cieplarniany), powstających podczas procesu spalania, będących jedną z przyczyn efektu cieplarnianego. W Polsce w dalszym ciągu odnotowuje się wzrost liczby pożarów lasu, jak również powierzchni spalonej. Czynniki meteorologiczne, które sprzyjają powstawaniu zagrożenia pożarowego, rzutują na poziom wilgotności palnych materiałów leśnych, co może prowadzić do zapoczątkowania procesu spalania oraz możliwości rozprzestrzeniania się pożaru. Biorąc pod uwagę powyższe, podjęto problematykę wpływu wybranych właściwości dwóch gatunków drzewostanu, tj. sosny i brzozy na zagrożenie pożarowe.
    Forest fires contribute to the formation of harmful as well as long-term changes in the plant ecosystems. They also lead to changes in atmosphere, due to emission of GHG, generated during the combustion process, which are one of the cause of greenhouse effect. In Poland the number of forest fires still increases, as well as burned surface area. Meteorological factors that favor uprising of fire hazard, affect the humidity level of combustible forest materials, which may lead to the initiation of the combustion process and the possibility of fire spreading. Taking the above into consideration, the problems of the influence of selected properties of two species of a forest stand, i.e. pine and birch, on the fire hazard were addressed.
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa; 2018, T. 6; 265-276
    2300-5343
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przykłady działań z zakresu ochrony czynnej realizowane w lasach Kampinoskiego Parku Narodowego
    The examples of actions of active conservation in the forests of Kampinos National Park
    Autorzy:
    Tyburski, Ł.
    Przybylski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96713.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
    Tematy:
    aktywna ochrona
    Kampinoski Park Narodowy
    drzewostan
    active conservation
    Kampinos National Park
    forest stand
    Opis:
    Kampinoski Park Narodowy (KPN) został powołany 16 stycznia 1959 roku dla zachowania niepowtarzalnego ukształtowania powierzchni wynikającego z obecności dużego kompleksu wydm śródlądowych i sąsiadujących z nimi terenów podmokłych1. Aktualnie KPN zajmuje powierzchnię 38 544,33 ha, grunty leśne zajmują obszar 28 255 ha, co stanowi 73,3% obszaru parku. W drzewostanie dominuje sosna zwyczajna (Pinus sylvestris), która zajmuje 69% powierzchni leśnej. Drugim gatunkiem o znaczącym udziale powierzchniowym jest olsza czarna (Alnus glutinosa), która zajmuje około 12,6% powierzchni leśnej. Dęby – szypułkowy (Quercus robur) i bezszypułkowy (Quercus petraea) zajmują około 10,3% powierzchni leśnej Parku2. Duża mozaikowatość siedliskowa wynikająca ze zróżnicowania terenowego umożliwiła rozwój wielu gatunków flory i fauny. Na terenie KPN występuje szereg cennych gatunków: • flory, na przykład: goździk piaskowy (Dianthus arenarius), sasanka łąkowa (Pulsatilla pratensis), chamedafne północna (Chamaedaphne calyculata), zimoziół północny (Linnaea borealis), • fauny, na przykład: bielik (Haliaeetus albicilla), bocian czarny (Ciconia nigra), derkacz (Crex crex)4, pachnica dębowa (Osmoderma eremita), zgniotek cynobrowy (Cucujus cinnaberinus)5, strojniś nadobny (Philaeus chrysops)6, gniewosz plamisty (Coronella austriaca), ryś (Lynx lynx), łoś (Alces alces). Kampinoski Park Narodowy spełnia rolę „zielonych płuc” dla Warszawy oraz jest miejscem udostępnionym turystom poprzez 320 km szlaków turystycznych. Na jego terenie są realizowane badania naukowe oraz działania edukacyjne skierowane do szkół, uczelni wyższych, lokalnego społeczeństwa. Jest to cenny obszar przyrodniczy na mapie Polski i Europy.
    In Kampinos National Park the major part of the forest stands has artificial origin, what dictates a need to implement means of active nature conservation. These actions are directed, inter alia, at: • immunization of trees against harmful biotic and abiotic factors, • giving a way to natural occurrence of other native tree and shrub species • managing the areas destroyed by a hurricanes, • managing burned forest areas, • adapting composition of species to the habitats and eliminating an alien species, • taking up activities enabling a development cycle for next generations of forest. In national parks any activities are aimed at nature conservation and at gradual reduction of human influence on nature. In the forests of Kampinos National Park the activities of active conservation are implemented, among others. Active nature conservation activities aims at proper development of many elements of Kampinos Forest ecosystem. The implementation of active nature conservation is subject to continuous limitation for the benefit on passive conservation which gives freedom only to natural factors.
    Źródło:
    Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2016, 1; 199-207
    0867-8898
    Pojawia się w:
    Ekonomia i Środowisko
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Near-natural methods of forest regeneration
    Autorzy:
    Mauer, O
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41324.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    artificial regeneration
    plantation
    mountain forest stand
    forest regeneration
    regeneration method
    technological procedure
    Opis:
    The study examines the factors involved in the successful artificial regeneration of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. by plantation or sowing in wood left behind in mountain forest stands. The issues studied are as follows: regeneration in stumps,trunks and disks (logs); regeneration in wood at various stages of decomposition; regeneration under the stand canopy and on clearings. The work brings a description of technological procedures to ensure success of this regeneration method.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    System klasyfikacji gospodarstw leśnych w wielofunkcyjnym i proekologicznym modelu leśnictwa
    A classification system of stands in a proecological model of multifunctional forest managment
    Autorzy:
    Przybylska, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023086.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo wielofunkcyjne
    klasyfikacja
    gospodarstwa lesne
    lesnictwo
    lesnictwo proekologiczne
    economic division
    natural forest type
    forest stand type
    forest function
    Opis:
    The paper presents the concept of a schematic division of a forest into stand farms using two criteria i.e. forest function and natural forest type. Forest function is understood as the function dominating in a stand, namely productive, protective or social. The natural forest type was identified with the name of a habitat type because in forest typology habitat characteristics and stand attributes are treated jointly.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 09; 3-9
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza przestrzennej zmienności wybranych cech budowy pionowej drzewostanu na podstawie danych lotniczego skanowania laserowego
    Assesment of spatial variability of selected variables describing vertical forest stand’s structure on the basis of aerial laser-scanning data
    Autorzy:
    Zarzecka, M.
    Będkowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/131252.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
    Tematy:
    drzewostan
    struktura pionowa
    zmienność przestrzenna
    lotnicze skanowanie laserowe
    forest stand
    vertical structure
    spatial variability
    ALS
    Opis:
    Jednym z ważniejszych elementów opisu aktualnego stanu drzewostanów jest informacja o ich budowie pionowej (układzie warstw). Informacje te gromadzone są w ramach okresowych inwentaryzacji zasobów leśnych. Z uwagi na dużą pracochłonność mają one jednak charakter bardzo ogólny, gdyż są odnoszone do stosunkowo dużych fragmentów lasu. Poszukuje się sposobów pozwalających na uzyskanie informacji o budowie niedużych fragmentów drzewostanów, o wielkości kilku- kilkunastu arów. Lotniczy skaning laserowy z powodzeniem jest wykorzystywany przez leśników do określania wysokości drzewostanów, liczby drzew w drzewostanie oraz wielkości jego biomasy. Dostrzeżono także możliwość rozpoznawania za pomocą skanowania laserowego pionowej budowy drzewostanów. Przeprowadzono badania w drzewostanie z sosną pospolitą w górnym piętrze, które miały na celu sprawdzenie możliwości detekcji dolnej warstwy podszytu składającego się z gatunków liściastych. Wykonano analizę histogramów rozkładów pionowych chmur punktów lotniczego skaningu laserowego. Histogramy przedstawiały liczbę impulsów zarejestrowanych w 0.5 m warstwach: 0÷0.5 m, 0.5÷1. 0, itd. Do opisania kształtu histogramów zaproponowano 7 cech. Stwierdzono, że dzięki ich zastosowaniu możliwe jest rozpoznanie obecności dolnej warstwy w drzewostanie.
    One of most important characteristics describing forest is their vertical structure (number of layers). This information is collected during periodical forest inventories. The inventory procedures are time-consuming and can provide only general information, describing relatively big parts of forests. There are still a lot of research activities on the search for methods providing more accurate information. In past aerial laser-scanning was successfully adopted by foresters to determine forest height, number of trees and biomass volume. There was suggested also to use ALS to detect forest vertical structures. This paper describes research made in an Scotch pine (Pinus silvestris) stand with some deciduous species in order to check whether it is possible to detect an forest understory with ALS data. An analysis of histograms describing vertical structure of laser-scanning clouds in half-meter layers was done. Histogram shapes were described with 7 special developed variables V1÷V7. It was found, that there is possible to detect the presence of forest understorey with one of variables.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2012, 23; 501-507
    2083-2214
    2391-9477
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The impact of beaver ponds on tree stand in a river valley
    Wpływ stawów bobrowych na drzewostan w dolinie rzecznej
    Autorzy:
    Boczoń, A.
    Wróbel, M.
    Syniaiev, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292725.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    bóbr europejski
    drzewostan
    Puszcza Białowieska
    stawy bobrowe
    tamy bobrowe
    zalew
    beaver dam
    beaver ponds
    Białowieża Forest
    Castor fiber
    forest stand
    Opis:
    The number of beavers in Poland rapidly increases which may result in conflicts between man and beavers. Despite the fact that beaver ponds play important role in increasing of biodiversity, water retention and soil moisture, they may also cause the die out of tree stands in river valleys and lead consequently to disappearance of typical riparian forest communities. Field studies demonstrated that long term flooding inhibited tree growth. Many trees died after 2 years of flooding. Long flooding caused the death of 80% of trees.
    W artykule podjęto problem wpływu budowli piętrzących wznoszonych na ciekach przez bobry na otaczający drzewostan. Przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów przyrostów rocznych drzew rosnących w zasięgu zalewu, a także oszacowano stan zdrowotny drzewostanu, będącego pod wpływem podniesienia poziomu wody. Badania przeprowadzono na ciekach płynących przez Nadleśnictwo Browsk, położone w północnej części Puszczy Białowieskiej. Liczebność bobrów w Polsce gwałtownie wzrasta, co może w najbliższych latach skutkować nasileniem występowania sytuacji konfliktowych między człowiekiem a bobrami. Pomimo, że stawy bobrowe pełnią ważną rolę w zwiększaniu różnorodności biologicznej, w zwiększaniu retencji wodnej, zwiększaniu uwilgotnienia gleby, to jednak na terenach leśnych doprowadzają do zamierania drzewostanów w dolinie rzecznej, w wyniku czego dochodzi do powstawania wylesionych dolin i zanikania typowych leśnych zbiorowisk przyrzecznych. Przeprowadzone prace terenowe wykazały, że na terenach zalewu gwałtownie obniża się przyrost drzew, wiele z drzew już po 2 latach zalewania zamiera. Długotrwałe zalewanie doprowadziło do zamarcia blisko 80% drzew.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2009, no. 13a; 313-327
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ekonomiczny wiek rębności drzewostanów sosnowych
    Economic rotation age of Scots pine stands
    Autorzy:
    Piekutin, J.
    Skręta, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008788.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gospodarka lesna
    drzewostany sosnowe
    wiek rebnosci
    ekonomiczny wiek rebnosci
    economic rotation age
    value of forest stand
    Opis:
    The determination of the best rotation age for trees and forest stands is one of the most decisive problems in forestry. It results from different aims of forest management. There are many criteria of selecting the product of forest utilization and deciding about stand maturity. They can be divided into biological, technical and economical ones. The most common are usually based on the rules of forest management. Different rotation age for the stand, dependent on various factors, always influences economical balance between bore costs and achieved income. Article presents the method of defining the economical rotation age based on the maximization of the income.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 10; 741-749
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fotografia krajobrazu w dydaktyce na przykładzie Wolińskiego Parku Narodowego. Część 1, Drzewostan w okresie lata
    Landscape photography in the didactic for example of Wolin National Park. Part 1, Forest stand during the summer
    Autorzy:
    Serdyński, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/136078.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Techniczno-Ekonomiczna w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    fotografia krajobrazu
    drzewostan
    lato
    grafika komputerowa
    dydaktyka mediów
    landscape photography
    forest stand
    summer
    computer graphics
    didactic of media
    Opis:
    Wstęp i cel: Fotografia krajobrazu w dydaktyce jest ważnym źródłem poznawania rzeczywistości. W procesie komunikacji społecznej jest ona nośnikiem informacji o rzeczywistości. W artykule przedstawiono album fotograficzny. Zdjęcia wykonano w Międzyzdrojach na terenie Wolińskiego Parku Narodowego w okresie lata. Zaprezentowano naturalną architekturę klifu Morza Bałtyckiego. Celem było przygotowanie materiału dydaktycznego na potrzeby edukacji medialnej i zdalnej. Materiał i metody: Psychologiczna i graficzna analiza struktury obrazu cyfrowej fotografii krajobrazu. Obróbka fotografii cyfrowych za pomocą edytora graficznego. Wykonanie albumu w edytorze Word. Krytyczna dyskusja problemu ze studentami. Refleksja końcowa. Wyniki: Prezentacja dzieła artystycznego dotyczącego drzewostanu w postaci albumu fotograficznego. Wniosek: W procesie komunikowania się społecznego, wykorzystując technologie multimedialne, cyfrowa fotografia krajobrazu stanowi dla człowieka podstawowe źródło informacji o rzeczywistości zewnętrznej. Obraz steruje procesem myślowym człowieka oraz wpływa na podejmowanie przez niego decyzji. Obraz też wywołuje emocje, które mogą zakłócać ten proces decyzyjny.
    Introduction and aim: Landscape photography in didactics is important sources realty. In the process of social communication it is the carrier of information about reality. The article presents a photo album. Photographs were made in Międzyzdroje in The Wolin National Park during the summer. The natural architecture of the Baltic Sea cliff was presented. The aim was to prepare the didactic material for the needs of media education. Material and methods: Psychological and graphical analysis of image structure digital landscape photographs. Digital photo processing using a graphical editor. Making of photo album in the Word editor. Critical discussion of the problem with students. Final reflection. Results: The fortest stand presentation of artistic work in the form of photo album. Conclusion: In the process of social communication, using multimedia technologies, digital landscape photography is for humans the basic source of information about the external environment. The picture controls the human thought process and influences the decision making. The image evokes emotions that may interfere with the decision-making process.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Nauk Stosowanych; 2017, 7; 215-220
    2300-6110
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Nauk Stosowanych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Variability in morphology of Microsphaera alphitoides Griffon et Maubl. in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Ufnalski, K
    Przybyl, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56970.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    variability
    powdery mildew
    young tree
    Polska
    forest stand
    nursery seedling
    morphology
    leaf
    Microsphaera alphitoides
    taxonomy
    Quercus robur
    oak
    Quercus petraea
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to verify descriptions of the morphology of the fungus responsible for powdery mildew on oak leaves of nursery seedlings and of young trees in forest stands. Infected, fully developed leaves from apical parts of stems of Quercus robur or Q. petraea were collected in two national parks and in six forest districts in Poland. The taxonomic characteres of all specimens were generally consistent with those given in keys for Microsphaera alphitoides. However, the limoniform shape of conidia, characteristic of two sites (nurseries), has not been found in available synopses. Limoniform conidia were significantly longer and wider than others. Agreat variety of forms of mycelium on leaves were observed. The mycelium appeared in three forms: (1) floccose or felted oval patches (always with yellow or brown discoloration), (2) faveolate oval patches (often with yellow or brown discoloration), and (3) felted or mealy mycelium along veins (rarely with discoloration). Mycelium without limoniform conidia appeared in all forms, while mycelium with limoniform conidia appeared only in the form of patches, always causing leaf discoloration.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2004, 73, 3
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fotografia krajobrazu w dydaktyce na przykładzie Wolińskiego Parku Narodowego. Część 2, Drzewostan w okresie zimy
    Landscape photography in the didactic for example of Wolin National Park. Part 2, Forest stand during winter
    Autorzy:
    Serdyński, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135912.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Techniczno-Ekonomiczna w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    Woliński Park Narodowy
    fotografia krajobrazu
    drzewostan
    zima
    grafika komputerowa
    dydaktyka mediów
    Wolin National Park
    landscape photography
    forest stand
    winter
    computer graphics
    didactic of media
    Opis:
    Wstęp i cel: Fotografia krajobrazu w dydaktyce jest ważnym źródłem poznawania rzeczywistości. W procesie komunikacji społecznej jest ona nośnikiem informacji o rzeczywistości. W artykule przedstawiono krajobraz Wolińskiego Parku Narodowego w okresie zimy. Zaprezentowano naturalną architekturę klifu Morza Bałtyckiego. Celem było przygotowanie materiału dydaktycznego na potrzeby edukacji medialnej i zdalnej. Materiał i metody: Psychologiczna i graficzna analiza struktury obrazu cyfrowej fotografii krajobrazu. Obróbka fotografii cyfrowych za pomocą edytora graficznego. Wykonanie albumu w edytorze Word. Krytyczna dyskusja problemu i refleksja końcowa. Wyniki: Prezentacja drzewostanu Wolińskiego Parku Narodowego w okresie zimy Wniosek: W procesie komunikowania się społecznego, wykorzystując technologie multimedialne, cyfrowa fotografia krajobrazu stanowi dla człowieka podstawowe źródło informacji o rzeczywistości zewnętrznej. Obraz steruje procesem myślowym człowieka oraz wpływa na podejmowanie przez niego decyzji. Obraz też wywołuje emocje, które mogą zakłócać ten proces decyzyjny.
    Introduction and aim: Landscape photography in didactics is important sources realty. In the process of social communication it is the carrier of information about reality. The article has been presented the presents a landscape in The Wolin National Park during the winter. The natural architecture of the Baltic Sea cliff was presented. The aim was to prepare the didactic material for the needs of media education. Material and methods: Psychological and graphical analysis of image structure digital landscape photographs. Digital photo processing using a graphical editor. Making of photo album in the Word editor. Critical discussion of the problem and final reflection. Results: The forest stand presentation of The Wolin National Park during the winter. Conclusion: In the process of social communication, using multimedia technologies, digital landscape photography is for humans the basic source of information about the external environment. The picture controls the human thought process and influences the decision making. The image evokes emotions that may interfere with the decision-making process.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Nauk Stosowanych; 2018, 8; 211-216
    2300-6110
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Nauk Stosowanych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany w szacie roślinnej rezerwatu Grąd Radziwiłłowski (Wysoczyzna Drohiczyńska) w latach 1971−2008
    Changes in the vegetation of the Grad Radziwillowski nature reserve [Drohiczynska Upland] between 1971 and 2008
    Autorzy:
    Ciosek, M.T.
    Chursowicz, B.
    Borkowska, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009206.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    rezerwaty przyrody
    rezerwat Grad Radziwillowski
    fitosocjologia
    zbiorowiska roslinne
    flora
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    dynamics of forest stand
    succession
    quantitative and qualitative proportions of the flora
    southern podlasie region
    drohiczyńska upland.
    Opis:
    Studies on changes in the vegetation of the Grąd Radziwiłłowski nature reserve were carried out between 2005 and 2008. The nature reserve is situated in the southern part of the Podlasie region, near Radziwiłłówka village (Mielnik county). The results were compared with the research conducted by Sokołowski in 1971 and 1989 [Sokołowski 1993] and with data from establishment statement of the nature reserve. Structure and physiognomy of the forest stand as well as quantitative and qualitative proportions in the flora have changed in the studied period. The vegetation of the reserve ought to be monitored.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 04; 275-281
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Links between root carbohydrates and seasonal pattern of soil microbial activity of diverse European populations of Pinus sylvestris grown in a provenance plantation
    Autorzy:
    Kieliszewska-Rokicka, B
    Oleksyn, J.
    Zytkowiak, R.
    Reich, P.B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/56717.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    Scotch pine
    soil dehydrogenase
    Polska
    microbial activity
    forest stand
    European population
    carbohydrate
    soluble carbohydrate
    population
    soil microorganism
    root
    mineral soil
    starch
    seasonal pattern
    soil
    Pinus sylvestris
    plantation
    dehydrogenase activity
    aboveground biomass
    Opis:
    Activity of soil dehydrogenase (DHA) was measured in the mineral soil in a forest stand of 15 to 16-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from geographically diverse populations, as an indicator of biological activity of soil microorganisms, in a provenance experiment in Poland. The pine populations originated from six European countries (Sweden, Russia, Latvia, Poland, Germany, France) and differed widely in aboveground biomass and productivity. Soil DHA during two growing seasons showed pronounced seasonal variability, which was significantly related to the fine root concentration of nonstructural carbohydrates. Higher DHA was found in soil under canopies of the central and southern European populations than in those from more northern parts of the Scots pine range. Significant positive correlation between soil DHA and aboveground tree biomass suggest that these patterns most likely resulted from differences in carbon dynamics and productivity among populations.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2003, 72, 2
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in the structure of tree stands on bog habitats in the Bialowieza forest
    Autorzy:
    Czerepko, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38483.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    structural change
    tree stand
    bog habitat
    Bialowieza Forest
    bog forest
    permanent plot
    plant succession
    stand structure
    Opis:
    The analyses of 4 permanent study plots located in the Białowieża forest (NE Poland, at 52º43´ N, 23º50´ E) were carried out 4 times, first time in 1973 or 1974 and next in 1985, 1998, 2008. The paper presents the results of a long–term study on natural forest dynamics in two forest communities: raised-bog pine forest of the association Ledo-Sphagnetum magellanici Sukopp 1959 em. Neuhäusl 1969 and transitional bogs represented by the boreal spruce forest Sphagno girgensohnii-Piceetum Polak. 1962. On each measurement date the DBH of all trees were recognized. At the same time, stems of shrub species as well as tree species with the height lower than 1.3 m were counted within the experimental areas. During the study period the structure of stands changed significantly. The major change observed on raised bog sites was an increase in numbers of Betula spp., Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and Quercus robur L. After 34th-year of observations the boreal spruce forest stand partly passed the terminal phase and regenerated. New species occurred in the stands, especially in their lower layer, are typical for oak-lime-hornbeam forest, such as e.g. Carpinus betulus L., Q. robur, Acer platanoides L. Rapid development of Corylus avellana L. was also observed. During last decades, the decrease in the number of Pinus sylvestris L. trees has been observed. The results of analyses of stand data in four research periods show that the wetland habitat of the Białowieża forest has been a subject to the processes of succession conditioned by environmental changes such as desiccation through lowering of the water table as well as climatic changes entailing inter alia an increase of the air temperature and a decrease of precipitation.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Species conversion of spruce stands in the Wisła Forest District
    Autorzy:
    Skrzyszewski, J
    Skrzyszewska, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41743.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Wisla Forest District
    spruce
    Picea abies
    Istebna spruce
    seed stand
    spruce stand
    forest tree
    species conversion
    Opis:
    The paper provides some guidelines on the choice of the target species compositions for plantations that would replace monocultural spruce stands growing on the sites of the Silesian Beskid Mts. Part of the guidelines relates to the rules governing the sequence in which the monocultures will be converted into mixed stands. It is suggested that those rules should be combined with the principles of the establishment of progenyplantations. The seed stands of the Istebna spruce are experimentally divided into four categories according to their abilityto perform the function of a seed stand. The following features of the stands are analysed: vitality, density, stage of regeneration, protective and cultural functions. The paper contains also an outline of the methods of species conversion and the relevant references.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ efektu brzegowego drogi na cechy drzewostanów sosnowych Puszczy Noteckiej
    Edge-effect of the road on the Scots pine stands characteristics in the Notecka Forest
    Autorzy:
    Grajewski, S.M.
    Mizera, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989417.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Notecka
    drogi publiczne
    drogi o malym natezeniu ruchu
    oddzialywanie na srodowisko
    efekt brzegowy
    drzewostany sosnowe
    cechy taksacyjne
    zasobnosc drzewostanu
    miazszosc drzew
    road−edge effect
    diameter at breast height
    growing stock
    forest stand value
    very low−volume roads
    Opis:
    The development of the transportation network brings both benefits and threats. Much attention is paid to soil contamination with trace elements, difficulties in animal migration, noise propagation or synanthropisation of the vegetation cover. This paper deals with the effect of provincial road No. 150 on inventory characteristics of neighboring Scots pine stands in the Notecka Forest (western Poland) – one of the larger forest complexes in Europe. Twelve rectangular experimental sites were established perpendicular to the road axis, called belt transects. Each transect consisted of 3−4 plots located at different distances from the pavement edge (fig.). Measurements and estimations were recorded for the plots. Values from all belt transects were approximated within plots at the same distance from the road and then compared using statistical methods. Observations were conducted in Scots pine stands growing on fresh coniferous forest (Bśw) and fresh mixed coniferous forest (BMśw) sites. Reduced stand density that resulted in decreased basal area, volume and growth rates were observed in the immediate vicinity of the road compared to the forest interior. Individual trees were thicker, but more often burdened with defects decreasing timber value. Any considerable effect of the road on tree height wasn't observed. The above mentioned changes were more evident in poorer habitat conditions, while the location in relation to the road had no significant effect. Modified lighting conditions are probably the main cause of these changes. At the edge of Scots pine stands in the Notecka Forest, a unique ecotone has formed under the influence of the provincial road.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 11; 915-922
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potential forest fire risk evaluation in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szczygieł, Ryszard
    Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
    Kołakowski, Bartłomiej
    Piwnicki, Józef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041675.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    forest fire risk categorization
    stand flammability classes
    potential forest fire risk
    forest fuel models
    Opis:
    The term forest fire risk means the existence of such conditions that would make possible the occurrence of a fire in the forest environment. The base for the effectiveness of a forest fire protection system is the evaluation of the forest fire risk followed by adequate organization of the system. This article presents methods for determination of the forest susceptibility to fire known as potential forest fire risk. The below presented methods were developed by Forest Research Institute as the results of the projects commissioned by the General Directorate of State Forests. The forest fire risk category and stand flammability classes are the methods included here. The forest fire risk category was elaborated already in 1975 for the first time. Until today, after the last modification in 2008, it is the fundamental document for the polish forest fire protection system. The purpose of this modification was to increase the determination accuracy of the fire risk category of all polish forest, regardless of its ownership type and at the different administrative level. The categorization method, however, doesn’t reflect the fire risk in micro scale. The attempt to solve that problem was made in 2018 while developing the methodology of stand flammability classes. It was assumed that ground cover fuel models will be developed for the most flammable forest habitat types including ground cover types, dominant species, age class and geographical localisation.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 1; 39-45
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przesłanki optymalnego wyboru rębni w lasach polskich Karpat
    Preconditions for optimal choice of the cutting system in the Polish Carpathian forests
    Autorzy:
    Twaróg, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026517.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Karpaty
    rebnie
    lasy gorskie
    lesnictwo
    gory
    mountain stand
    carpathians
    forest function
    forest types
    silvicultural objectives
    cutting systems
    stand conversion
    Opis:
    The author provides arguments for not using clear cuts in the mountains, limiting the large−scale shelterwood system and recommends the Swiss irregular shelterwood, and, under certain conditions, the shelterwood−group and irregular group−strip systems. He presents types of forest stands in the ownership of the State Forests Holding in Polish Carpathians (beech, fir, spruce, pine and alder forests), silvicultural objectives and felling systems favouring the attainment of these objectives.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2003, 147, 02; 30-38
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The "Schwappachs Permanent Plots" forest database: an announcement
    Autorzy:
    Wirowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954630.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska
    Tematy:
    forest experimental plots
    internet database
    characteristics of stand
    Opis:
    Experiments in the field of dendrology have been made for many years now. Current researchers, working on these plots, are the forth generation of foresters (two German and two Polish). They have created a large and important database for future forest research.
    Źródło:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2003, 7, 2; 300
    1428-6394
    Pojawia się w:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model składu gatunkowego drzewostanu dla lasów w Sudetach z uwzględnieniem zmian klimatycznych
    Species composition model for the forests of the Sudety Mountains with regard to climate change
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979139.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    abiotic and biotic factors
    climatic change
    forest damage
    forest functions
    stand composition
    Opis:
    Climate change creates a big challenge for forest science. One of several problems calling for urgent solution concerns the elaboration of the scientific foundations for determination of the species composition of forest stands under changing environmental conditions. This problem is particularly acute in case of declining Norway spruce stands in the Sudety Mountains (SW Poland). The paper presents the main principles used to develop a model allowing determination of the most desirable species composition for any given forest stand occurring in the Sudety region. These principles include: 1) an assumption that a basis for species composition planning should be a forest site type, corrected by means of site index of the currently existing forest stand, 2) a supposition that one should broadly consider present processes taking place in Sudety stands, particularly, an intense forest dieback caused by recurring drought periods and strong winds, 3) a postulate that one should consider the differences between tree species in respect to their reaction to particular abiotic factors, 4) an assumption that majority of stands should consist of several different tree species, 5) an assumption that introducing on a wide scale Douglas fir, well−adapted to the conditions of the Sudety Mountains, is allowed, 6) an idea that one should take into account differentiated production potential and varied timber quality of particular tree species, 7) an assumption that one should consider the main features of topography (altitude, exposition, slope) as well as 8) fine elements of micro−topographical situation, as a basis for introduction of different tree species. The results obtained by means of the model based on the above mentioned principles are presented on the example of two forest districts: Lądek−Zdrój (fig. 4a, b) and Szklarska Poręba (fig. 5a, b). In both cases, a necessity to diminish the share of Norway spruce and to increase the share of such species like common beech, silver fir, Douglas fir and European larch is demonstrated. One may expect that projected compositions, taking into account the most appropriate tree species and their most suitable localizations, will allow establishment of forest stands which will be more resistant to drought and wind and, thus, will be more able to fulfill several important forest functions (related to water and soil protection, protection of forest biodiversity and timber production).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 06; 454-466
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Estimating forest biomass by remote sensing RADAR data in Brazil
    Autorzy:
    Santos, J.R.
    Gama, F.F.
    da Conceicao Bispo, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52438.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
    Tematy:
    forest biomass
    biomass modelling
    forest inventory
    tropical forest
    remote sensing
    eucalyptus tree
    stand
    RADAR data
    Brazil
    Źródło:
    Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2014, 57, 192
    1644-3985
    Pojawia się w:
    Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza zmian stanów wód gruntowych po wycięciu drzewostanu w siedlisku lasu mieszanego wilgotnego na przykładzie Leśnictwa Laski
    Analysis of Ground-Water Level Changes after Cutting Down a Forest Stand in Moist Mixed Broadleaved Forest Habitat on the Example of Laski Forestry
    Autorzy:
    Korytowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819020.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    wody gruntowe
    drzewostan
    las mieszany
    groundwater
    stand
    mixed forest
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of researches carried on averages about precipitation sums, 2003/2004 (before cutting) and 2006/2007 (after cutting) hydrological years in catchment of pond No 5 located in Laski forestry. Discussing forestry is situated at Siemianice Experimental Forest Farm of Poznań University of Life Sciences located about 15 km south-east from Kępno. The forests of this forestry are within range of Nizina Południowo-Wielkopolska, on Wysoczyzna Wieruszowska, which is differential morainic plain, cut with the river Prosna headwaters. Area of the pond’s catchement is about 20 ha and it’s an afforested catchment, with predominance of fresh habitats, in smallest step in area adjacent to pond No 5 occurrence moist broadleaved forest and moist mixed broadleaved forest. Predominant species of tree stand in analyzing catchment there is pine about 100 years. In the soil cover the largest area is dear brown soil, and the most common type of soil is loamy sand. From february to october 2006 carried on analyzed catchment cutting forest stand, which included habitats moist broadleaved forest, moist mixed broadleaved forest and partially fresh broadleaved forest. To analysing choose wells No 1.1 and 1.2 which were situated at cutting area. The researches carried out confirmed, that ground-water levels shows some cycle and depend of meteorological conditions. Maximal levels occurred at the end of winter researches half-year. Whereas minimal ground-water levels, causes higher air temperature and influence with them transpiration forest stands, were in analyzing habitat at the end of summer half-year. The researches indicated also, that without meteorological conditions, large influence at form ground-water level (increase) in afforested catchments, particularly in moist habitats, have carried cuttings. Carried out researches indicated that execute cutting at area analysis habitat moist mixed broadleaved forest causes increase ground-water levels. Ground-water level at cutting area in 2006/2007 hydrological year was closer to land surface, average about 61 cm.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 2; 1274-1286
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quality of Japanese larch stands in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Filipiak, M
    Pilarek, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41203.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    forest productivity
    forestry
    stand
    Larix kaempferi
    Polska
    acclimation
    Japanese larch
    Opis:
    The quality of 39 Japanese larch stands, mainly in north-western Poland, was characterized. On the basis of the presented results it can be concluded that properly managed forest stands of Japanese larch can compete in trees quality with stands of native larches. The alien species is more susceptible to a lower stand density and exposure to strong winds. This is no correlation between forest stand quality and growth dynamics.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2003, 49
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formation of European beech stands (Fagus sylvatica L.) that involve Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in tree species composition in the Ukrainian Roztochie
    Autorzy:
    Myklush, Y.
    Myklush, S.
    Debryniuk, I.
    Hayda, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106641.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    forest management
    forest typology
    site condition
    European beech
    Fagus sylvatica
    stand
    tree species composition
    Ukrainian Roztocze
    Opis:
    Productive European beech stands (Fagus sylvatica L.) involving Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) are formed in Ukrainian Roztochie. Considering value and limited distribution of beech stands involving pine in tree species composition, it is necessary to work out and implement measures for their natural restoration in connection with the climate change and the efficient use of raw materials and non-wood products. Main forestry and management indices of beech stands that include pine in tree species composition were analysed. Forestry activities that are currently carried out in middle-aged and maturing stands significantly reduce their relative completeness and growing stocks, as determined by comparing growth particularities of productive beech stands from different sources.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2022, 64, 2; 83-89
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of land relief and soil properties on stand structure of overgrown oak forests of coppice origin with Sorbus torminalis
    Autorzy:
    Szymura, T.H.
    Szymura, M.
    Pietrzak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41135.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    land relief
    soil property
    stand structure
    overgrown coppice oak
    oak forest
    coppice
    Sorbus torminalis
    regeneration
    forest management
    Opis:
    Traditional forest management as coppicing and coppicing-with-standard are recently considered as beneficial for biodiversity in woodlands. Cessation of coppicing leads to changes in stand structure and often loss of biodiversity. In contemporary Polish forestry coppicing is not applied, however some stands of coppice origin persist in Silesia until present. The overgrown coppice oak forests that cover the southern slopes at the foothills of the Sudetes Mountains (Silesia, Central Europe) are considered to be Euro-Siberian steppic woods with a Quercus sp. habitat (91I0): a priority habitat in the European Union, according to the Natura 2000 system. They support one of the largest populations of wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis Crantz) in Poland. In this study we investigated the relation of stand structure and trees parameters with environmental variables. The results showed considerable variability of stand volume, tree density and stems’ size correlated mostly with soil texture, but not nutrient content. We attributed it to soil dryness which seems to be the crucial factor controlling growth of trees. The natural regeneration of trees concentrated mostly on non-exposed sites on less acidic soils, but seedlings of wild service tree were present almost exclusively on most insolated sites, with shallow acidic soils. However, the regeneration of trees in sapling stage was restrained by browsing. Results suggest that maintaining of Sorbus torminalis requires protection against browsing, and some kind of active management is necessary to retain the observed stand structure with high proportion of wild service trees in stands on more fertile soils.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sukcesja dębu w drzewostanach sosnowych na siedliskach borowych
    The oak succession in the pine stand in the coniferous forest habitat
    Autorzy:
    Gniot, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016532.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    sukcesja roslin
    drzewostany sosnowe
    siedliska borowe
    Quercus
    lesnictwo
    dab
    drzewa lesne
    natural succesion
    oak
    pure pine stand
    coniferous forest habitats
    silviculture
    transformation of the
    stand
    the complexity in the forest vegetation community
    the biological diversity in the forest
    forestry
    headquater
    balanced proecological forest management unit
    the function of the forest
    multipurpose
    forest
    the ecosystem of the forest
    stand varied in species
    biocenosis
    the natural upgrowth
    Opis:
    Permanently balanced forest economy demands today a resignation from a constant model of the forest stand, which preferred the productive function of the forest, mostly without any consideration to its natural values formed by Mother Nature. Implanting on Polish grounds principles of multifunctional forest districts acknowledged as a breeding object of the whole forest ecosystem, giving in that way the forest economy a proecological dimension. Its a result from a general progress of civilization and achievements in forest science; reaching towards the needs and expectations from the society gaining a general acceptation from different environments. One of the fundamental elements implementing the ecosystem is to rebuild deformed and artificially barred forest phytocenosis. This refers especially to pure pine stands on habitats, in which trophoism potential explains breeding habitats species variety. A good help for the forester in this area can be a natural succesion of good, noble broad−leaved species like for example the oak. Succesion of this species takes on a special meaning in poor habitats, in which it without any special imposes enriches the biocenose with the whole positive outcome accompanying this process; it can also be a valuable clue to the potential fertility in the habitat and the complexity in the forest vegetation community. An important task is to lead the way for the oaks development from succesion to its fullest use as a natural presence in creating the future forest generation. The article below is devoted to this question describing the natural up growth of the oak in pine stands on the coniferous forest habitats in Forest District Różanna and the methods and results in which they are used for breeding.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 05; 60-72
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potrzeby przebudowy drzewostanów w Lasach Państwowych
    The needs related to the reconstruction of stands in the State Forests
    Autorzy:
    Czuba, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018668.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany gospodarcze
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    lesnictwo
    forest management plan
    adjustment of stands to site conditions
    managed forest type
    complete stand
    conversion
    partial stand conversion
    Opis:
    The paper presents a division of the State Forests stands by the degree of adjustment of species composition of stands to site conditions. An assumption was made that the stands whose species composition is not adjusted to the occupied biotope should be urgently rebuilt, especially those featuring low stability.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 12; 33-38
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zależność grubości ściółki od wieku drzewostanów sosnowych rosnących na glebach porolnych i leśnych
    The dependence of forest bed thickness on the age of pine stands growing on post-agricultural and forest soils
    Autorzy:
    Michalski, A.
    Sałek, P.
    Płatek, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018331.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany sosnowe
    gleby lesne
    wiek drzewostanu
    gleby porolne
    grubosc
    lesnictwo
    sciolka
    pine stand
    forest bed
    forest soils post−agricultural soils
    Opis:
    Forest bed layer developing in a tree stand plays a very important part in functioning of forest ecosystem and is of key importance in soil carbon accumulation. In two different study objects (Niedźwiady and Tuczno), 351 forest bed thickness measurements were taken in 117 pine stands of different age classes, separating them into those growing on forest lands (28 tree stands – 84 measurements) and those on post−agricultural ones (89 tree stands – 27 measurements). The above relationships were analysed, what showed a relation between the thickness of forest bed and the age of tree stand. Forest bed thickness increases together with tree stand age, both on forest and post−agricultural soils.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 08; 20-25
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The dynamics and structure of dead wood in natural spruce-beech forest stand - a 40 year case study in the Krkonose National Park
    Autorzy:
    Vacek, S.
    Vacek, Z.
    Bilek, L.
    Hejcmanova, P.
    Sticha, V.
    Remes, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41560.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    forest
    natural forest
    mixed stand
    dynamics
    structure
    dead wood
    spruce-beech forest
    European beech
    Fagus sylvatica
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    Czech Republic
    Karkonosze National Park
    Opis:
    The study deals with long-term dynamics of snags and fallen dead wood from 1970 to 2010 in an unmanaged forest ecosystem dominated by European beech in the Bažinky area, Krkonoše National Park (Czech Republic). The volume of dead wood was estimated from 1970 separately for fallen dead wood (logs) and standing dead wood (snags and stumps). Total dead wood volume on permanent research plot (PRP) 6 increased from 41.9 to 241.6 m3 ha–1 and on PRP 7 from 27.7 to 170.0 m3 ha–1. During 40 year case study the mean total volume of fallen dead wood was 193.3 m3 ha–1 (± 29.8 S.E.) and 96.2 m3 ha–1 (± 19.4 S.E.) and the mean total volume of standing dead wood was 17.4 m3 ha–1 (± 3.4 S.E.) and 12.6 m3 ha–1(± 1.4 S.E.) on PRP 6 and PRP 7, respectively. Comparing tree species, the mean volume of fallen dead wood was significantly higher for Norway spruce than for beech in the decomposition class 1 (F(1, 14) = 5.7, P = 0.03) and significantly higher for beech in the decomposition classes 4 (F(1, 14) = 20.4, P < 0.001) and 5 (F(1, 14) = 25.5, P < 0.001). Dead wood was distributed from randomly to aggregated spatial pattern. Despite the rapid decay of beech wood, the amounts of deadwood are likely to increase further during the next decades with continuing disintegration of the forest stand.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie stratyfikacji w inwentaryzacji lasów różnowiekowych
    Use of a stratification method in uneven-aged stands
    Autorzy:
    Banaś, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022661.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    fazy rozwojowe
    stratyfikacja drzewostanow
    drzewostany roznowiekowe
    lesnictwo
    inwentaryzacja lasu
    forest inventory
    stratification
    stand developmental phase
    Opis:
    The paper presents a posteriori stratification method which was used in inventorying uneven−aged stands in an area of 727.70 hectares in the Forest Experimental Station in Krynica. The average growing stock amounting to 291 m3·ha−1 was calculated with the error of 1.6%. Volume increment at the level of 9.39 m3·ha−1 per year was calculated with a similar accuracy as the growing stock. The loss volume of 5.33 m3·ha−1 and ingrowth volume 0.73 m3·ha−1 per year was determined with the error slightly above 5%.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 12; 30-36
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Koncepcja oceny stanu drzewostanów na podstawie wybranych cech taksacyjnych
    A concept of stand condition assessment based on selected taxation characteristics
    Autorzy:
    Łopiński, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015624.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    cechy taksacyjne
    drzewostany
    zapas rosnacy
    kryteria
    stabilnosc
    realizacja celu hodowlanego
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    stand conversion
    silvicultural objective
    stand stability
    standing stock volume
    forest functions
    Opis:
    The obligatory method of classifying stands for conversion requires adjustment to the needs of pro−ecological, multifunctional forest management. The study presents a set of criteria that can be useful for the reliable evaluation of stand condition. The proposed method was used to evaluate the fulfilment of the silvicultural objective, stand stability, as well as the status and volume of growing stock. Indicators used to assess these characteristics together with defined significance levels (weights) are an original element of the study. The indicators were selected in such a way as to describe a given characteristic in the context of conversion needs, which is the aim of the presented analysis of stand condition.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 06; 14-21
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cele hodowlane i ich realizacja w przebudowie drzewostanów
    Silvicultural aims and their realisation in stand conversion
    Autorzy:
    Bernadzki, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018678.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    cele hodowlane
    stand conversion
    silvicultural aim
    forest succession
    pioneer species
    silvicultural risk
    Opis:
    Owing to the unpredictability of changes in a habitat, a silvicultural aim should be treated as a "vision" of the future stand and adjusted in the course of its development. To meet the rational principles of stand conversion, it is necessary to fully use the natural processes occurring in forest ecosystems. More attention should be given to the species of early succession stages, which are better adapted to the changing habitat conditions, and richer species composition should be ensured to disperse silvicultural risks.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 12; 3-11
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The stand structure and natural regeneration of Abies alba Mill. in reserves on the northern margin of its distribution in SW Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szymura, T H
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41400.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    stand structure
    natural regeneration
    Abies alba
    silver fir
    Wal Trzebnicki area
    distribution
    seedling density
    stand type
    Abietetum polonicum
    mixed forest
    population structure
    safe site
    Polska
    Opis:
    The silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in the area of Wał Trzebnicki is at the northern limit of its distribution in western Poland. This study was performed in three nature reserves with protected silver fir populations. The stands in these reserves were mixed, with complex spatial structure and abundant tree regeneration. The proportion of fir in stands was around 16% of DBHS, the age of trees reached around 130 years. The silver fir occurs mainly in the sapling stage, whereas the number of seedlings was very low. The results of this study show the influence of forest floor vegetation as well as litter type on the emergence of fir seedlings. The seedlings density was compared with the results of other studies from different geographical areas and stands type in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2007, 57; 55-62
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An attempt to classify groundwater level depth in pine forest stands on fresh sites
    Autorzy:
    Okonski, B.
    Grajewski, S.
    Kayzer, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/61228.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    ground water level
    depth
    pine forest
    pine stand
    fresh site
    classification
    ground water dynamics
    Scotch pine
    Pinus sylvestris
    stand
    species composition
    water balance
    hydrological condition
    Opis:
    The aim of the research described in this paper is to classify groundwater level patterns in pine stands of forest fresh sites. The approach has been employed with the view to facilitate explaining interactions between physiographic characteristics and groundwater dynamics in prospective research. The methods which have been employed so far for explanation of groundwater level dynamics interactions with local physiographic conditions do not let to draw firm conclusions. The classification of groundwater dynamics patterns requires employing more sophisticated methods, because of a relatively extensive range of groundwater dynamics site-to-site variability expressed, e.g., by amplitude and cycle period. The methods of groundwater patterns classification proposed in the literature focused either on hydrogeological criteria or, if related to forest ecosystems, focused on water balance elements in forest habitats. The area selected for investigation represented typical features for the Northern European Lowland forests defined by soil and form of terrain pattern shaped by the last glacial period (Vistulian glaciation) and dominant share of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in stand species composition. The research period covered the 2002-2007 hydrological years. The measurement used in analysis covered 35 sites equipped with measurement wells.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2009, 07
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The growth and biodiversity of spruce stands in variable climate conditions - Radziejowa case study
    Autorzy:
    Grodzki, W.
    Ambrozy, S.
    Gil, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38388.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    plant growth
    biodiversity
    spruce stand
    climate condition
    climate change
    forest
    radial increment
    altitudinal variation
    Radziejowa mountain
    Opis:
    In the experiment eight populations of Picea abies were chosen at 100 m intervals between 500 m and 1200 m altitude a.s.l.. In each population wood core samples were collected from 14–19 trees (126 cores total), and measured using a Corim Maxi device. At four of the eight sites (every 200 m in elevation between 500 m and 1100 m a.s.l.), the diversity of ground vegetation was evaluated, and temperature was recorded at every 100 m of altitude. The highest average radial increment of spruce occurred between the altitudes 800–1000 m a.s.l., which is probably the optimum for spruce. The larger increment indices observed at higher altitudes may signify a high growth potential of spruce. It may also suggest a recent upward shift of the optimum growth zone for this tree species. In 15 phytosociological records, the presence of 148 plant species forming plant associations: Dentario glandulosae- Fagetum typicum (sub-mountainous and mountainous form) and Abieti-Piceetum, and community Abies alba-Rubus hirtus, was documented. No relationship was found between ground vegetation species diversity (expressed by Shannon-Wiener index) and levels of stand diversity. The vegetation species diversity varied with the elevation above sea level: the highest plant diversity was found at 500 m a.s.l., and decreased with increasing altitude. The potential increase in air temperatures may result in changes to the altitudinal range of many plant species including trees, and consequently in an upward shift of the boundaries of plant zones; in this case the sub-mountainous and lower mountainous forest zone. In this region, the optimal zone for Norway spruce may be restricted to the highest elevations.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2013, 55, 3
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena potrzeb przebudowy drzewostanów w zależności od dominującej funkcji lasu
    Evaluation of stand conversion needs depending on the dominant function of forest
    Autorzy:
    Łopiński, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1013162.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lasy ochronne
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    ocena
    las wielofunkcyjny
    potrzeby przebudowy
    lasy gospodarcze
    stand conversion
    silvicultural objective
    stand stability
    standing stock level
    forest functions
    conversion urgency
    Opis:
    The scope of the study embraces an analysis of conversion needs of the multifunctional forest, that is a forest without a designated priority function (Variant I) and enables selection of stands requiring conversion because of the possibility of their playing recreational, protective and productive functions (Variant II). Stand classification with regard to stand conversion and its urgency was performed on the basis of forest inventory data. The developed concept was verified on the selected stands in the Ostrów Mazowiecka Forest District. The adopted system proved useful for making the evaluation of conversion needs more objective, taking into account the specifics of the forest's primary function.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 08; 17-24
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wzrost różnorodności gatunkowej chrobotków jako efekt rębni zupełnej na ubogich siedliskach borowych
    Increase of Cladonia species diversity as a consequence of clear-cutting in nutrient-poor forest sites
    Autorzy:
    Stefańska-Krzaczek, E.
    Faltynowicz, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/994072.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    siedliska borowe
    siedliska oligotroficzne
    rebnie zupelne
    drzewostany sosnowe
    chrobotek
    Cladonia
    wystepowanie
    roznorodnosc gatunkowa
    scots pine forest
    managed forest
    ground lichens
    stand age classes
    Opis:
    Clear−cutting impacts site conditions seriously. However, in nutrient−poor sites the effects of stand removal can be minor than in nutrient−rich sites. The aim of this work was to assess whether the clear−cut can improve species diversity of ground Cladonia species, which decline has been observed in forest communities. In stands of different age classes (≤10, 11−20, 21−40, 41−60, 61−80, ≥81 years) in the Przymuszewo Forest District (northern Poland) ground Cladonia species and their cover were recorded on research plots (10×15 m). A total of 24 species were identified in the study area. There were more Cladonia species and they were more abundant in young stands (<20 years old) than in stands older than 60 years. Nine species are significantly more frequent and demonstrated high fidelity in young stands and only one was characteristic for old stands. Composition of Cladonia species depended primarily on stand age and subsequently on canopy or bryophyte cover. In nutrient−poor sites clear−cutting is favourable for Cladonia species diversity.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 12; 929-936
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ekologiczne konsekwencje hodowli drzew w różnym zagęszczeniu III. Stabilność drzewostanu, fitoklimat i różnorodność biologiczna
    Ecological consequences of silviculture at variable stand densities. III. Stand stability, phytoclimate and biodiversity
    Autorzy:
    Jagodziński, A.M.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011879.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wiezba drzew
    zageszczenie poczatkowe
    drzewostany
    roznorodnosc biologiczna
    mikroklimat
    lesnictwo
    ekologia lasu
    stabilnosc drzewostanu
    zageszczenie roslin
    stand density
    spacing
    tree competition
    forest ecology
    stand stability
    microclimate
    biodiversity
    review
    Opis:
    The main goal of this review was to characterize ecological consequences of growing trees at variable stand densities. We analyzed the influence of stand density on its mechanical and biological stability, diversity and biomass of understory plants and microclimate conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, light, etc.). Higher stand density results in higher susceptibility to wind and snow damage, due to changes in height to diameter ratio (tree slenderness). The mechanical stability of stands may be promoted by silvicultural activities such as light thinning applied before growth stagnation. In addition, the reduction of stand density during stand development may increase biomass allocation to coarse roots that stabilize trees in the soil. High tree density may increase stand susceptibility to pathogens and insects and thus increase tree mortality. Trees growing at higher density (with higher intraspecific competition) may allocate less assimilates for defense against herbivorous insects and pathogens. The effect of tree density on stability of multi−species stands is inconclusive, since such studies were only occasionally undertaken. Since tree density influences light conditions (mainly before canopy closure), there is a negative relationship between stand density and herbaceous species diversity and biomass. Based on the published data, we summarized consequences of silviculture at different stand densities and proposed future directions of research needed to fill the gaps in current knowledge. Understanding the long−term ecological consequences of variable stand densities is essential for development of sustainable and stable forest ecosystems.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 04; 219-230
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gap regeneration in near-natural European beech forest stands in Central Bohemia - the role of heterogeneity and micro-habitat factors
    Autorzy:
    Bilek, L.
    Remes, J.
    Podrazsky, V.
    Rozenbergar, D.
    Diaci, J.
    Zahradnik, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41443.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    gap regeneration
    natural regeneration
    Europe
    beech forest
    Fagus sylvatica
    competition
    stand
    Central Bohemian region
    heterogeneity
    microhabitat factor
    Opis:
    Gap regeneration in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest reserve was analyzed in relation to within-gap resource heterogeneity and ground vegetation competition. The study was carried out in two one-hectare permanent research plots (PRP) which included five smaller research plots (RP) encompassing two large gaps (500–700 m2), two small gaps (300–400 m2), and location under canopy. The coverage of woody regeneration, ground vegetation, dead wood, seedling density in eight height classes, characteristics of dominant trees of the beech regeneration, and the total thickness of holorganic horizons were measured. Soil moisture and light conditions were also assessed in selected sample plots. The relative direct and diffuse light was estimated by hemispherical photography. Small gaps showed both the highest cover of tree regeneration and the highest density of individuals per hectare. Slightly less regeneration was recorded in large gaps, while under closed canopy, regeneration densities were 5–10 times lower than in small gaps. Beech regeneration cover and the size (diameter and height) of dominant beech seedlings were positively related to relative diffuse light and negatively related to ground vegetation cover. The latter was positively related to diffuse light and soil moisture content. A pronounced statistically significant contrast in the cover and size of beech regeneration in relation to micro-site conditions (diffuse light, cover of graminoids) was only confirmed between sample plots located below canopy cover and those within gaps. Graminoids, in particular Calamagrostis epigejos L., occurred mainly in the large gap centre and along the southernmost edge of the large gap, increasing competition for resources here. The cumulative cover of ground vegetation and regeneration was relatively low (9–56%) compared with more mesic natural beech forests. The indicated negative influence of direct light at the northern gap edge suggests that extension of gaps on comparable sites in managed forest should not proceed in this direction.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ecology and conservation status of Taxus baccata population in NE Chalkidiki, northern Greece
    Autorzy:
    Katsavou, I.
    Ganatsas, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41599.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    ecology
    conservation status
    Taxus baccata
    European yew
    plant population
    stand structure
    forest regeneration
    radial growth
    Chalkidiki Peninsula
    Greece
    Opis:
    Taxus baccata L. is a rare species threatenedwith extinction in Greece, as in other parts of Europe. This paper deals with the ecological status of the species in the area of NE Chalkidiki northern Greece, where the species appears in one of the greatest populations of the country. Site, standand yew population characteristics were studied in the area that species occupies. Eleven sample plots were marked, and on each plot, the height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured for all yew trees, as well as for all the individuals of the rest tree species, with diameter at breast height greater than 4 cm. Tree vitality of all trees was also estimated according to IUFRO classification. Yew radial growth was studied using tree-ring analysis. Tree natural regeneration was investigated within subplots of different dimensions and according to two height classes. Results showed that yew population occurs in stands dominated by beech, presenting a mean density of 301 trees per hectare, with a total population of 430 trees with DBH above 4 cm. It forms the secondary stand, and dominates in the stand understorey, accompanied with Fagus sylvatica and Ilex aquifolium, while it appears rarely in the overstorey. Yew tree vitality was foundto be quite high, and significantly higher than that of beech. Radial growth of the sampled trees follows a slow and constant annual increment gradually decreasing by tree age. Yew natural regeneration was foundto be relatively low, 1341.8 individuals (seedlings and saplings up to 1 m) per hectare. Management and in situ conservation of the species in the area should focus on species protection measures, andon specific silvicultural treatments for creating favourable conditions for species growth.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2012, 68
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potential for genetic conversion of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. stands and methods for preserving gene resources of Istebna race in Silesian Beskid Mts
    Autorzy:
    Sabor, J
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41439.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Silesian Beskids Mountains
    Norway spruce
    forest tree
    Picea abies
    genetic conversion
    genetic value
    silvicultural value
    species composition
    regeneration
    forest site type
    tree stand
    population genetics
    Opis:
    The forests of the Silesian Beskid Mts have a specific composition with a marked dominance of Norway spruce. Although spruce stands are seriously threatened, some of them, such as those of Istebna race, show excellent genetic value. The work stresses the need for the conversion of spruce stands in the Silesian Beskid range on the basis of population genetics and describes the principles of such conversion.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Soil acid phosphomonoesterase activity and phosphorus forms in ancient and post-agricultural black alder [Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.] woodlands
    Autorzy:
    Orczewska, A.
    Piotrowska, A.
    Lemanowicz, J
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57312.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    soil
    acid phosphomonoesterase
    acid phosphatase activity
    phosphorus form
    ancient forest plant species
    tree stand
    forest soil
    black alder
    Alnus glutinosa
    woodland
    Polska
    post-agricultural soil
    Opis:
    Black alder, an N-fixing tree is considered to accelerate the availability of phosphorus in soils due to the increased production of phosphatase enzymes, which are responsible for the P release from the litter. Acid phosphatase activity plays a pivotal role in organic P mineralization in forest soils and in making P available to plants. In order to check whether Alnus glutinosa stimulates acid phosphomonoesterase (PHACID) activity, we compared enzyme activities, total P concentration (PTOT), plant-available P (PAVAIL), organic P (PORG) and inorganic P (PINORG), and organic matter content in 27 ancient and 27 post-agricultural alder woods (the latter ones representing different age classes: 11-20, 21-40 and 41-60 years) of soil samples taken from the litter and the mineral layers. Phosphomonoesterase activity, organic matter, PTOT, PINORG and PORG concentrations were significantly higher in ancient alder woods than in the soils of post-agricultural forests. Significant differences in the acid phosphatase activity, organic matter and PAVAIL concentration were noted between the litter and mineral layers within the same forest type. In recent stands the amount of organic matter and phosphatase activity increased significantly with the age of alder stands, although only in the mineral layer of their soils. Phosphomonoesterase activity, organic matter and PAVAIL content were higher in a litter layer and decreased significantly at a mineral depth of the soil. The acid phosphatase activity was significantly correlated with organic matter content in both ancient and recent stands. There was no significant relationship between PHACID activity and any P forms.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2012, 81, 2
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of variability of water resources in lowland forests on selected parameters describing the condition of trees
    Autorzy:
    Tyszka, J.
    Stolarek, A.
    Fronczak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11996.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    variability
    water resource
    lowland forest
    climatic function
    hydrological function
    selected parameter
    tree condition
    periodical change
    stand condition
    extreme climate
    water condition
    river list
    habitat condition
    tree stand
    Opis:
    The influence of water conditions on the condition and growth of tree stands has been analysed in the context of the climatic and hydrological functions forest plays. Long observational series obtained for precipitation, outflow and depths below the surface of the water table have been put together with measured increases in the breast-height diameters of Scots pines and the severity of crown defoliation observable in selected tree species growing on the Polish Lowland, in order to determine the overall scope to the reaction stand condition manifests in the face of ongoing variability of water conditions within forest. An overall improvement in the condition of stands over the last 20 years does not disguise several-year cyclicity to changes capable of shaping the situation, i.a. departures from long-term mean values for precipitation totals and groundwater levels. The condition of stands is seen to worsen in both dry and wet years. Analysis of the degree to which pine, spruce and broadleaved stands experience defoliation points to spruce stands responding most to extreme hydro-climatic conditions. Extreme situations as regards water resources were seen to involve a response over two-year time intervals in the case of coniferous stands. Unsurprisingly, optimal growing-season (June-September) precipitation totals correspond with long-term average figures, while being slightly higher for spruce (at 384 mm), than for Scots pine or broadleaved species (375 mm). The relationships reported gain confirmation in analysis of periodic change in breast-height diameter increments characterising Scots pines, whose growth is seen to depend closely, not only on precipitation, but also above all on the depth of the water table in the summer half-year. Optimal depths of the water table proved to be different, being around 20 cm below ground in the case of marshy coniferous forest, 80 cm in wet habitats, and 135 cm in fresh habitats. Depending on the possibilities for water to soak into the rooting zone of trees there were even twofold differences in measured growth increments in Scots pine (as the dominant species in Poland’s lowland habitats). The maintenance of stable water conditions (as the most variable environmental factor in forest) should be an overriding aim of management activity in this habitat. When account is taken of the influence of the state of water resources on biomass production, and then on the intensity of evapotranspiration and the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, it is seen how important it is to achieve improvements in water conditions in forests, as such an important factor in combating climate change.
    Źródło:
    Papers on Global Change; 2014, 21
    2300-8121
    1730-802X
    Pojawia się w:
    Papers on Global Change
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Structure and dynamics of selected stands of primeval character in the Pieniny National Park
    Autorzy:
    Jaworski, A
    Podlaski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41477.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Pieniny National Park
    forest
    species composition
    structure
    stand
    development stage
    fir
    Abies alba
    beech
    Fagus sylvatica
    plant regression
    Opis:
    The purpose of this study was to determine changes which occurred during 23 years (1974–1997) in four stands in respect of species composition, structure, developmental stages and phases. In 1997 the Walusiowka stand represented the growing up stage, phase of a multistory structure, and during the study period its volume decreased from 698 to 676 m3/ha.The Przełęcz Sosnow stand was in the growing up stage, phase of a little diversified storied structure and regeneration, and its volume decreased from 696 to 622 m3/ha.The Grodek stand during the entire study period was in the growing up stage, phase of the selection forest structure and regeneration, and its volume increased from 529 to 585 m3/ha.The Facimiech stand in 1997 was in the optimum stage, phase of aging and regeneration, and its volume decreased from 688 to 661 m3/ha.During 1974–1997 the percentage of fir (Abies alba) considerably decreased in three stands (Walusiowka from 46 to 33%, Przełęcz Sosnow from 58 to 36%, Grodek from 42 to 24%).The Facimiech stand was almost a pure fir stand during the entire control period. In the Przełęcz Sosnow stand, due to a rapid mortality of fir and presence of vital trees of beech (Fagus sylvatica) of the growing up and optimum growth generations, the break up stage did not take place but the growing up stage had developed, which indicated the disturbance of the natural cycle of the primeval forest described by Korpel’. A scarce presence of fir upgrowth and prevalence of beech in stands composed of these two species permits to suppose that fir will be retreating in favor of beech.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2007, 58; 25-41
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Disease symptoms and their frequency of occurrence in sycamores [Acer pseudoplatanus L.] in the Rymanow Forest Unit stands
    Symptomy chorobowe i nasilenie ich wystepowania u jaworow [Acer pseudoplatanus L.] w drzewostanach Nadlesnictwa Rymanow
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, T
    Materniak, P
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28108.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    plant disease
    Acer pseudoplatanus
    Polska
    disease symptom
    fungi
    stand
    symptom frequency
    Rymanow Forest Unit
    tree
    fungal disease
    sycamore
    Opis:
    Field studies were conducted in the years 2003 - 2005 in the Rymanów Forest Unit in 13 stands aged between 40 to 100 years, which had 10% - 60% of the sycamore in their species composition. They grew on a mountain forest site (12 stands) and mountain riparian forest (1 stand). In each of them 100 trees were examined, growing next to each other in the central part of the stands. The disease symptoms, on trunks and in the crown area of each tree, and their intensity were determined according to the predefined symptomatic - developmental code. More than 80 fragments of wood and bark were collected from trunks of living and dead trees with local cankers and bark peeling off exposing wood. From the samples, 798 isolations were made on 2% malt - agar medium. The examined sycamores in the Rymanów Forest Unit showed a large variation in the disease symptoms and their occurrence frequency. Among 1300 analyzed trees, only 13.7% did not show external, macroscopic disease symptoms. There was a relatively large share of dead trees (15.0%), which in individual stands ranged 4.0 - 32.0%. The most frequent symptoms in crowns were as follows: top dying (6.3% trees), entire branch dying (16.2%) or only their tops (9.6%), crown thinning (19.4%), leaf atrophy (10.8%) and leaf discoloration (11.6%). On sycamores trunks, the following symptoms were found: plate-like and strip-like necrosis of bark that was breaking, falling off and exposing wood (8.6% trees), local bark cankers (14.7%), among which healed ones dominated (10.3%), bark cracks (14.3%) and tree cancer symptoms (3.8%). Bark necrosis and wood exposure formed 1.5 times more frequently on the northern and western side than on the southern and eastern side, bark cracks appeared most frequently on the southern trunk side. On the cross sections of sycamore trunks, the following symptoms were found predominantly: T-shaped discolorations which appeared in the place of local healed cankers, dead wood regions in the places of local unhealed cankers and widespread bark cankers, sometimes taking the form of a sector reaching the part near the pith, and greyish - green or greenish - brown wood discolorations in the form of numerous stains, especially in the trunk periphery part. On the trunks of 184 (14.2%) sycamores, perithecia of Nectria coccinea were present. They formed in the area of cankers on bark and exposed wood alike. Fruiting bodies of Nectria cinnabarina, Eutypa acharii, Melanomma pulvis-pyrius, conidiomata of Cytospora ambiens, Aposphaeria cf. pulviscula and conidiomata of Stegonsporium pyriforme occurred sporadically. From wood, the following were isolated predominantly: Basidiomycetes sp. 1, Chalara sp. 1, Cadophora fastigiata, Nectria cinnabarina and Cytospora ambiens. Chalara sp.1, with its morphological features, best matched the anamorph of Ceratocystis coerulescens sensu lato.
    Badania terenowe prowadzono w latach 2003 - 2005 w Nadl. Rymanów w 13 drzewostanach w wieku 40 do 100 lat, w których udział jaworu w składzie gatunkowym wynosił od 10 do 60%. Rosły one na siedlisku lasu górskiego (12 drzewostanów) i na lesie łęgowym górskim (1 drzewostan). W każdym z nich poddano analizie 100 rosnących obok siebie drzew w środkowej części drzewostanu. Określono objawy chorobowe na pniu i w obrębie korony każdego drzewa oraz ich nasilenie według uprzednio przygotowanego kodu symptomologiczno-rozwojowego. Pobrano ponad 80 fragmentów kory i drewna z pni martwych drzew oraz drzew żywych wykazujących objawy lokalnych nekroz oraz złuszczania kory odsłaniającego drewno, z których wykonano 798 izolacji na 2% pożywkę agarowo-maltozową. Badane jawory w Nadleśnictwie Rymanów wykazywały duże zróżnicowanie symptomów chorobowych i nasilenia ich występowania. Spośród poddanych analizie 1300 drzew tylko 13,7% nie wykazywało zewnętrznych makroskopowych objawów chorobowych. Stosunkowo duży był udział drzew obumarłych (15,0%), który wynosił w poszczególnych drzewostanach od 4,0 do 32,0%. Do najczęstszych symptomów w koronach drzew należały: zamieranie wierzchołka (6,3% drzew), zamieranie całych gałęzi (16,2%) lub ich szczytów (9,6%), przerzedzenie korony (19,4%), atrofia liści (10,8%) i przebarwienie liści (11,6%). Na pniach jaworów stwierdzano: placowatą lub pasmową martwicę kory, która pękała, wykruszała się i odsłaniała drewno (8,6% drzew), lokalne nekrozy kory (14,7%), wśród których dominowały nekrozy zabliźnione (10,3%), podłużne spękania kory (14,3%) oraz objawy raka drzewnego (3,8%). Do martwicy kory i odsłaniania drewna ok. 1,5 razy częściej dochodziło od strony północnej i zachodniej niż południowej i wschodniej, spękania kory występowały najczęściej od strony południowej pni. Na przekrojach poprzecznych pni jaworów najczęściej występowały: przebarwienia w kształcie litery „T”, występujące w miejscu lokalnych zabliźnionych nekroz, obumarłe strefy drewna w miejscu lokalnych niezabliźnionych nekroz i rozległych martwic kory, przyjmujące niekiedy formę sektora sięgającego części przyrdzeniowej, i szarozielone lub zielonobrunatne przebarwienia drewna w postaci licznych plam, zwłaszcza w części przyobwodowej pnia. Na pniach 184 (14,2%) jaworów obecne były peritecja Nectria coccinea. Wykształcały się one w obrębie nekroz, zarówno na korze jak i na odsłoniętym drewnie. Sporadycznie występowały owocniki Nectria cinnabarina, Eutypa acharii, Melanoma pulvis-pyrius oraz conidiomata Cytospora ambiens, Aposphaeria cf. pulviscula i Stegonsporium pyriforme. Z drewna najliczniej izolowano: Nectria coccinea, Basidiomycetes sp. 1, Chalara sp.l, Mollisia sp., Cadophora fastigiata, Nectria cinnabarina i Cytospora ambiens. Chalara sp.l swymi cechami morfologicznymi najbardziej odpowiadała anamorfie Ceratocystis coerulescens sensu lato.
    Źródło:
    Acta Agrobotanica; 2007, 60, 1
    0065-0951
    2300-357X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Agrobotanica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pine wilt disease - a threat to pine forest in Europe
    Autorzy:
    Suzuki, K
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41424.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    plant disease
    pine wilt disease
    wilting mechanism
    disease control
    pine stand
    nematode
    Europe
    pine wood
    Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
    pine forest
    Opis:
    Pine wilt disease caused by pine wood nematodes is endemic to North America. Pine wood nematodes have already spread to East Asia, including China, Taiwan and Korea in addition to Japan. The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, was discovered in Portuguese pine forests in 1999. If it were to become established in the pine forests in Europe, it could become one of the most serious threat to coniferous forests worldwide.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2002, 48
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zróżnicowanie roślinności monokultur sosnowych na glebach piaszczystych Borów Tucholskich
    Diversity of vegetation in Scots pine monocultures on sandy soils in the Bory Tucholskie
    Autorzy:
    Stefańska-Krzaczek, E.
    Faltynowicz, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990036.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Bory Tucholskie
    gleby piaszczyste
    drzewostany sosnowe
    zespol Leucobryo-Pinetum
    monokultury sosnowe
    roslinnosc
    zbiorowiska roslinne
    sklad gatunkowy
    leucobryo−pinetum
    vegetation classification
    stand rotation
    coniferous forest
    low−nutrient forest sites
    Opis:
    Scots pine stands are the most important forest type in Poland and the differentiation of the natural vegetation in these forests is well known. However, the intensive utilization causes the formation of the secondary communities, so that further studies of the vegetation diversity should be carried out with taking into consideration stand age and homogeneity of site conditions. The aim of this work is to assess the diversification of plant communities across the gradient of tree stand age. Scots pine stands on oligotrophic sites of the Przymuszewo Forest District were examined with dividing into six age classes ( 10, 11−20, 21−40, 41−60, 61−80, 81−120 years old). Numerical analysis allowed to differ 4 plant communities: non−forest community of Placynthiella−Cladonia sp. div. related to young stands before crown closure ( 10 years old), secondary forest community of Pinus sylvestris−Cladonia subulata related to young stands just after crown closure (11−20 years), forest communities of Leucobryo−Pinetum variant with Cladonia and typical variant – both related to stands older than 20 years. The identified communities differ in terms of species richness and vertical structure, but they are repetitive combinations of species which can be classified within hierarchical syntaxonomical system. They show common features with the communities of south−western Poland, but differ from plant communities of managed Scots pine forest in the continental part.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 02; 99-106
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problem przebudowy lasów górskich
    Mountain forest conversion
    Autorzy:
    Przybylska, K.
    Zięba, S.
    Kołodziej, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016220.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Zasady hodowli lasu
    lasy gorskie
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    urzadzanie lasu
    stand conversion
    nurse crop
    target species composition
    forest valorisation
    Opis:
    The study presents a system of evaluation of stand conversion needs. The system enables stand classification with regard to conversion urgency on the basis of a combination of six stand characteristics selected for their usefulness for such evaluation. These are: maturity for conversion, degree of adjustment of species composition of the regeneration to the habitat conditions, degree of coverage by a stand, degree of coverage by regeneration, degree of healthiness. The silvicultural rules adapted to the specifics in mountain regions are an integral part of the study.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 07; 3-14
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Praktyczne zagadnienia gospodarstwa przebudowy w urządzaniu lasu
    The practical issues of stand conversion in forest management planning
    Autorzy:
    Gajewski, D.
    Zajączkowski, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018646.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    plan urzadzania lasu
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    urzadzanie lasu
    gospodarstwa przebudowy
    stand conversion
    forest conversion system
    conversion yield
    yield regulation
    Opis:
    The article presents the differentiated approach, over the past decades, to conversion planning in the phase of management operations. The current approach to establishing a stand conversion holding is illustrated with the examples. The authors of the article put emphasis on the most important tasks for forest management practice and the need for a practical revision of the existing proposals.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 12; 39-50
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Urządzanie lasu na ziemiach polskich - opis drzewostanów w XIX wieku
    Forest management on Polish lands - tree stand description in the 19th century
    Autorzy:
    Jaszczak, R.
    Wajchman, S.
    Taryma, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991630.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    historia
    drzewostany
    opis drzewostanu
    urzadzanie lasu
    wiek XIX
    19th century
    polish lands
    forest management
    tree stand description
    Opis:
    In the 1800s forest management in Polish forests was still in its infancy. This article reminds presents tree stands were described in those days. The then concepts of: the forest, tree stand, bare land and large tree group were explained. In addition, the notion as well as the method of determination of the stand species composition and its age, perpendicular structure, closure, mixture proportion, stocking and condition was discussed in detail. For this purpose, available nineteenth century instructions, glossaries and books were employed.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 793-800
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamika i główne kierunki zmian w drzewostanach zagospodarowanej części Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Dynamics and main direction of change in forest stands constituting the managed part of Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany gospodarcze
    dynamika drzewostanu
    siedliska lesne
    struktura drzewostanu
    sklad gatunkowy
    struktura wiekowa
    miazszosc drzewostanow
    przyrost miazszosci
    abiotic and biotic threats
    forest age structure
    low−productivity stands
    stand productivity
    stand volume
    stand stability
    species composition
    wind risk model
    Opis:
    The paper describes current (in years 2007−2017) changes of basic parameters of forest stands that constitute the managed part of Białowieża Forest (ca. 53,000 ha), divided into three forest districts: Białowieża (12,600 ha), Hajnówka (19,700 ha) and Browsk (20,400 ha). The investigated tree stands represent different phases of ecological succession, modified by silvicultural treatments and other human activities. The course of the succession processes is varied, depending, first of all, on local site conditions, consisting mainly of fresh sites (ca. 60%) – particularly fresh broadleaved forest, and encompassing exceptionally high fraction of wet and swamp sites (40%) – especially wet broadleaved forest site type. Most stands represent the intermediate, highly productive phase of succession, with spruce and oak as the dominant tree species. In particular, such stands are common in Białowieża and Hajnówka forest districts. Recently, the share of the mentioned stands is declining, most intensely in the Browsk Forest District. In 2017 alone, 430 ha of highly productive forest stands disappeared from the Białowieża Forest. The process of decay involved mixed stands; besides of spruces which were killed by a current bark beetle infestation, also many oaks, pines, birches, alders as well as rare and valuable minor tree species (such as ashes and maples) died. Dying spruce and, more often, oak stands are often replaced by low−productive hornbeam trees, occupying earlier lower stand strata in such stands. The resulting hornbeam stands are often distinguished by low crown closure and low productivity. Tree stands occurring in the Białowieża Forest are among the most endangered by wind damage stands in Poland. It means that in case of strong winds, several trees will be broken and/or uprooted. The intensity of such phenomena will be further increased by the high tree volume of stands as well as by the presence of many gaps in forest canopy, caused by a massive mortality of spruce trees. In general, one may expect that in the nearest future many stands occurring in the Białowieża Forest, built by different tree species, will be subject to a massive decay. The list of factors contributing to this process is long and involves, among other things, recurring droughts during the growing season, unfavorable changes in ground water table and increased frequency of strong winds. All these factors negatively influence the health status of trees, which further favours the development of parasitic fungi and insects. In consequence, there is a high probability that many areas in the Białowieża Forest will, for a long time, retain a treeless character and/or will be occupied by low−productive and single species hornbeam stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 897-906
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stand structure and natural regeneration of Taxus baccata at "Stiwollgraben" in Austria
    Autorzy:
    Dhar, A
    Ruprecht, H.
    Klumpp, R.
    Vacik, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41025.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    English yew
    Taxus baccata
    yew
    tree species
    Austria
    gene conservation
    natural regeneration forest
    stand structure
    population structure
    vitality
    yew decline
    Opis:
    English yew (Taxus baccata L.) is a rare tree species in Austria and gene conservation forests reserves are used to maintain English yew populations by silvicultural treatments. This paper describes the current situation of an English yew population at “Stiwollgraben”in Austria with regard to stand structure, vitality and natural regeneration. The area is one of the most important sites in Austria as it consists of 2236 yews.The vitality condition of the yew is very good, and more than 79% of the yews have been assessed as very vital to vital. The potentiality for natural regeneration (13019 one-year seedlings ha–1) is very high, but not all height classes are represented. This indicates a high survival ability of English yew at this site. Three different treatment strategies are described to maintain the yew population. The future effects of these treatments are discussed in the light of the environmental requirements of English yew.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2006, 56; 19-26
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes of Abies alba crown state and stand quality class in the Sudety Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Filipiak, M
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41245.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Sudetes Mountains
    fir
    Abies alba
    forest decline
    stand quality class
    industrial pollution
    environment pollution
    acid fog
    plant regeneration
    air pollution
    Opis:
    Sudeteny Mts. are a region where the level of industrial air pollution was very high due to brown coal combustion. In this paper I presents the assessments concerning the fir stand quality class and crown vitality.The study were carried out between 1999 and 2001 and supplemented with studies made in 1997 and 2005. My conclusions are based on measurements of 3529 fir trees representing 481 populations of this species in different parts of the Sudety Mts. The stand quality class of the fir in the Sudety Mts. are better than expected but about 0,5 degree lower than in the Carpathians. Our results confirm the reports concerning the strong and very strong damage of fir crowns in the Sudety Mts. in the 1990’s. It was calculated that the average fir in the Sudety Mts. stands has a primary crown with a length that is approximately 19% of the total tree height and which is damaged in approximately 36%. At approximately 23% of the total height the average fir develops a regeneration crown. An additional factor which contributed to fir damage was their frequent presence in thinned stands. In these places the process of crown reconstruction from a wide to a denser is observed. In the recent years the level of industrial pollution in the Sudety Mts. has been strongly reduced. This particularly concerns sulphur oxides. This has contributed to the improvement of the crown health of the studied species, but the crown regeneration is slower than the trunk diameter increment. The crown damages have so far been proportional to the altitude. Trees which grow in stands located in lower areas have healthier crowns. Trees which grow in broken canopy and on hilltops are more vulnerable to the impact of pollution carried by wind and fog. The severe damage to the top parts of the crown has a negative effect on the cone crop of the fir.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2005, 54; 11-17
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teleconnection of 23 modern chronologies of Quercus robur and Q. petraea from Poland
    Autorzy:
    Ufnalski, K
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Polska
    Quercus robur
    Quercus petraea
    dendrochronology
    English oak
    oak stand
    forest area
    sessile oak
    downy oak
    Quercus pubescens
    climatic factor
    Opis:
    Quercus robur and Q. petraea are important forest-forming species in Europe. Q. robur is believed to require more fertile soils, to be more tolerant to low temperatures and more sensitive to oak decline than Q. petraea. Thus chronologies of the two species from nearby localities were hypothesised to differ more strongly between species than between localities. Wood cores were collected on 23 research plots in 2 national parks and 12 forest districts. In each locality two plots (one with Q. robur and one with Q. petraea) were established in forest stands of similar age at similar site conditions wherever possible. Similarity between chronologies was assessed by the test of parallel agreement (Gleichlaufigkeit), Pearson correlation coefficients, and principal components. The plots were grouped by the Ward clustering method and according to 1st and 2nd principal components. The first 2 methods segregated chronologies nearly ideally into pairs of species from the same forest district, indicating that the chronologies differ between forest districts but not between species. Chronologies clustered in 2 large groups: northern and southern (on the basis of correlation) or northeastern and southwestern (on the basis of parallel agreement). Principal components also distinguished northeastern and southwestern chronologies, but less clearly. The results suggest that differences in climatic and soil requirements between the 2 oak species are generally too small in comparison with the differences caused by climatic factors.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2006, 55; 51-56
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Historia lasów zlewni Potoku Dupniańskiego w Beskidzie Śląskim
    Autorzy:
    Małek, S.
    Gawęda, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022937.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Beskid Slaski
    historia
    zlewnia Potoku Dupnianskiego
    stosunki wodne
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    lesnictwo
    stand history
    forest catchments
    mountain spring catchments
    Opis:
    Since 1997, the experimental Potok Dupniański catchment in the Beskid Śląski Mountains (Wisła Forest District) has been an area subjected to intensive hydrological and hydrogeochemical research aimed at improving knowledge about the ecological growth conditions of one of the most valuable Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) ecotype – the Istebna spruce. Environmental conditions and comparison with the stands growing in similar environments in the 18th and 19th century in the Beskid Żywiecki region, as well as historical sources have shown that Istebna spruce is not a native provenance. Thus, the analysis of the state of forest management in the past times appears an important contribution to the above−mentioned earlier research. An increase in forest resources mainly resulting from the higher share of stands in older age classes and a decline in species diversity is a characteristic feature of the studied area. It is believed that the growing share of fir and beech in forest plantations as a consequence of underplanting would improve this situation.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 09; 51-58
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O przebudowie drzewostanow z roznorodnoscia biologiczna w tle
    Forest conversion in the context of biodiversity
    Autorzy:
    Rykowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009192.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gospodarka lesna
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    regulacja prawna
    Zasady hodowli lasu
    przebudowa calkowita
    przebudowa czesciowa
    gospodarczy typ drzewostanu
    roznorodnosc biologiczna
    stand conversion
    biodiversity
    economic stand type
    disturbance
    spontaneous transformation
    succession
    forest of reference
    Opis:
    Paper presents the issue of stand conversion and refers it to political and technical regulations. Different objectives and forms of stand conversion in the context of silviculture concepts were characterized. Stand economic type as a target and tool of traditional forest management practice in Poland was discussed. Paper presents examples of spontaneous stand conversion as a result of biotic or abiotic disturbances. On the background of these analyses, the need to test some scientific hypotheses has been presented. The necessity to create the network of the reference forest areas as pattern of natural conversion of forest ecosystem in changing environment to learn from and follow them by forest management practice.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 04; 219-233
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zagrożenie lasu przez wiatr na przykładzie nadleśnictw Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Risk of wind damage to stands on the example of selected forest districts in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008781.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    nadlesnictwa
    Nadlesnictwo Browsk
    Nadlesnictwo Bialowieza
    Nadlesnictwo Hajnowka
    lasy
    zagrozenia lasu
    wiatry
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    ryzyko uszkodzenia
    modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
    stand damage risk model
    stand damage risk factor
    wind
    białowieża primeval forest
    Opis:
    Stand damage risk model was applied to three forest districts located in the Białowieża Primeval Forest: Browsk, Hajnówka and Białowieża. For this purpose, information contained in the database of the State Forests Information System was used. The obtained values of the stand damage risk factor allowed assigning each stand to one of the six risk classes. Higher class indicates higher damage risk to stands. The share of the stand area was calculated for each class. The weighted average of the areal shares of stands in the two highest damage risk factor classes was used as a measure of wind damage risk to forests. The values of this measure for individual forest districts were as follows: Browsk – 27.3%, Hajnówka – 33.0%, Białowieża – 38.3%. The degree of risk to these forests ranges from average to high, which is mainly because of large proportion of the high, old−growth spruce stands. Forest stands of the Białowieża Primeval Forest with a high risk factor are threatened by damage in the event of strong winds in this area.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 10; 750-764
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zdrowotność wybranych drzewostanów sosnowych Nadleśnictwa Szczecinek
    Health condition of selected Scots pine stands in Szczecinek Forest District
    Autorzy:
    Blajer, K.
    Beker, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791625.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Nadlesnictwo Szczecinek
    drzewostany sosnowe
    zdrowotnosc roslin
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    grunty porolne
    stan zdrowotny drzew
    forestry
    tree
    tree stand
    health condition
    plant health
    Scotch pine
    stand
    Szczecinek Forest District
    former agricultural land
    Opis:
    Celem pracy było określenie zdrowotności wybranych drzewostanów sosnowych Nadleśnictwa Szczecinek. Obserwacje zostały przeprowadzone w 2014r. na 15 stałych powierzchniach badawczych, zlokalizowanych na dwóch typach siedliskowych lasu (BMśw oraz LMśw) na gruntach leśnych oraz porolnych, reprezentujących klasy wieku od II do VI. Ocena stopnia uszkodzenia koron drzew została przeprowadzona na podstawie metody bioindykacyjnej opierającej się na trzech kryteriach: defoliacji, liczby roczników igieł oraz stopniu prześwietlenia korony. Analiza stanu zdrowotnego wykazała, iż 72,2% drzewostanów objętych badaniami było uszkodzonych w stopniu słabym, gdyż zostały zakwalifikowane do 0 i I stopnia uszkodzeń. Silnego oraz całkowitego stopnia uszkodzeń nie wykazano. Średni ubytek aparatu asymilacyjnego wyniósł 19,56%. Drzewostany wyrosłe na gruntach leśnych charakteryzowały się niższą średnią defoliacją korony drzew (18,19%), natomiast ubytek aparatu asymilacyjnego na gruntach uprzednio użytkowanych rolniczo wyniósł 20,82%.
    The aim of the study was to determine the health condition of selected Scots pine stands in Szczecinek forest district. Observations were carried out in 2014 on 15 permanent research plots, located on two types of forest habitat (BMśw and LMśw) on forest land and former farmlands, representing the age class II to VI. The evaluation of the damage to the crowns has been carried out on the basis of the bioindication method, which is based on three criteria: defoliation, the number of needle age–groups and type of tree crown attenuation. The analysis of health condition showed that 72.2% of the researched stands were damaged to the lesser extent, s they were qualified to the 0 and I degree of damage. The strong and total degree of damage has not been found. The average loss of assimilation apparatus was 19.56%. The stands growing on the forest land are characterized by a lower average defoliation of tree crowns (18.19%), while the loss of assimilation apparatus on land previously used for agriculture amounted to 20.82%.
    Źródło:
    Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2015, 09
    2081-1438
    2391-4106
    Pojawia się w:
    Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gospodarka powierzchnią oraz charakterystyka drzewostanów i siedlisk na rekultywowanych zwałach odpadów górnictwa węgla kamiennego na obszarze Nadleśnictwa Rybnik (rejon GOP)
    Areal balance management, tree stands and sites characteristic on a reclaimed spoil heap of hard coal mining in the Rybnik Forest Inspectorate (upper silesian industrial region-GOP)
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzykowski, M.
    Krzaklewski, W.
    Tomanek, M.
    Hajduk, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/372272.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    górnictwo
    węgiel kamienny
    zwałowisko
    rekultywacja
    bilans powierzchniowy
    drzewostan
    siedlisko leśne
    hard coal
    mining
    spoil heap
    reclamation
    areal balance
    stand trees
    forest habitat
    Opis:
    Powierzchnia gruntów wymagających rekultywacji w Polsce wynosi ponad 64 tys. ha, w tym w przemyśle wydobywczym około 44 tys. ha. Dominującym kierunkiem rekultywacji jest kierunek leśny (około 60%). Zwały odpadów górnictwa węgla kamiennego w rejonie GOP należą do obiektów uciążliwych dla środowiska i często powstają na terenach wyłączanych z produkcji leśnej. Znaczna część rekultywowanych i zalesionych zwałowisk przekazywana jest pod administrację LP. Tereny te obejmowane są Planami Urządzania Lasu, w których zawarta jest charakterystyka siedlisk i drzewostanów. Celem niniejszej pracy była analiza powierzchniowa rekultywacji leśnej, wieku i składu gatunkowego drzewostanów oraz prognozowanych siedliskowych typów lasu na zwałach znajdujących się na terenie Nadleśnictwa Rybnik (rejon GOP). Stwierdzono, że na analizowanym obszarze powierzchnia wyłączona z produkcji leśnej dla tworzenia zwałowisk wynosiła 254,5 ha, zaś powierzchnia zrekultywowana wynosi 132,3 ha. W większości siedliska na zwałach zdiagnozowano jako BMśw (53%), a dominującym gatunkiem jest sosna zwyczajna (40%), w tym w znacznej części pochodząca z samosiewu. Drzewostany znajdują się aktualnie w I i II klasie wieku. Wyniki pracy mogą mieć znaczenie dla planowania hodowlanego w odniesieniu do drzewostanów na rekultywowanych zwałach.
    The surface areas requiring reclamation in Poland amounts 64,000 ha, of which, 44,000 ha are occupied by mining. The predominant reclaimed postmining use is forestery (60%). In the area of Upper Silesia, spoil heaps pose a threat to the environment, and they are often deposited on surfaces excluded from forest production. The majority of these reclaimed and afforested spoil heaps is transferred to the administration of The State Forests National Forest Holding (Lasy Państwowe). These areas are included into the Forest Management Plan andcontain characteristics of both forest sites and tree stands. The aim of this study was to analyze the area of forest reclamation, tree stand age, species composition and forest site classification on spoil heaps located in the Rybnik Forest Inspectorate . Findings show that in the analyzed area, surfaces excluded from forest production amounted 245.5 ha, and the surface of reclaimed area amounted 132.3 ha. The majority of these areas were defined as young, mixed coniferous forest sites (BMśw 53%). Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the predominant species (40%), dervived mostly from self-seeding andstands are in the first or second age class. The result of these studies can be important during silviculture planning and management for tree stands on reclaimed sites.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski; 2010, 137 (17); 75-85
    1895-7323
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Osmotic adaptation of Quercus robur L. under water stress in stands with different tree density - relation with groundwater table
    Autorzy:
    Cater, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41074.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    osmotic adaptation
    osmotic water potential
    pedunculate oak
    flood plain forest
    Quercus robur
    water stress
    stand
    tree
    plant density
    density
    relation
    ground water
    Opis:
    Solute accumulation in plant leaves during drought through accumulation of organic compounds is known to compensate turgor loss andpromote higher stomatal conductance at lower water potentials. Recent studies have involved experiments on saplings and younger stands, while evidence of osmotic adjustment in adult pedunculate oak under natural stand conditions on different sites is scarce. Pressure volume curves technique was used to define differences in osmotic potential – water stress adaptation – of 120 year oldped unculate oak trees in two managedforest complexes andin virgin forest remnant. Tree response between the managedstandafter thinning andthe standwithout any silvicultural measures within same forest complex was also compared during summer months in two consecutive (dry and favourable) years with groundwater table. Significant differences were observed in adaptation between forest complexes and during dry (2003) and favourable (2004) years. Osmotic component of thinnedforest was the highest, showing most negative values of stress adjustment. Measured values on all plots responded well to drop in groundwater table, especially in pronounced drought conditions. Such response may be in relation with lower stand density and increased individual space for growth in thinned stand. Adult oaks did not loose their ability to water stress adaptation, in spite of their age and progressively decreasing health conditions.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2011, 65
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of increased nitrogen depositions and drought stress on the development of young Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. stands
    Autorzy:
    Palatova, E
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41235.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    forest tree species
    plant development
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    young tree
    drought stress
    nitrogen deposition
    tree stand
    biomass
    fine root
    functionality
    mycorrhiza
    Opis:
    The effects of drought stress, stress by increased nitrogen depositions and the combined effect of the two stress factors on the growth of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. were studied in two stands. The drought stress was induced by reducing atmospheric precipitations by 60% and the increased nitrogen depositions were simulated by repeated applications of ammonium sulphate at a rate corresponding to 100 kg N ha–1 year–1. All stress factors under study affected the height increment of the above-ground part, the length and colour of needles, and the biomass, vertical distribution, functionality and mycorrhizal infection of fine roots. The root system responded to the simulated stresses right from the the very first year of their action, exhibiting a greater damage than the above-ground part of the plant. Drought acted as a stress factor stronger than the nitrogen depositions themselves. The strongest impact was recorded in the simultaneous influence of the stress factors.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Park as a Forest-Like Vegetation Zone
    Park jako formacja roślinna o charakterze leśnym
    Autorzy:
    Franczak, J.
    Filipiak, M.
    Banacki, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1191331.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    dendroflora
    tree stand
    Park Szczytnicki
    detailed dendrological inventory
    forest ecology
    landscape ecology
    drzewostan
    park Szczytnicki
    szczegółowa inwentaryzacja dendrologiczna
    ekologia lasu
    ekologia krajobrazu
    Opis:
    Funkcjonowanie i forma układów tworzonych przez rośliny drzewiaste to istotne elementy związane z kształtowaniem krajobrazu. Bazowym obiektem prezentowanych tu badań była część parku Szczytnickiego we Wrocławiu o powierzchni 5,4 ha. Badany fragment liczy około 160 lat i jak większość całego parku ma charakter krajobrazowy. W obrębie wspomnianego terenu szczegółowo pomierzono i sklasyfikowano wszystkie drzewa i krzewy, a na podstawie otrzymanych danych określono szereg parametrów, które pozwoliły m.in. na porównanie badanego drzewostanu parkowego z bardziej naturalnymi zbiorowiskami o charakterze leśnym. Głównymi obiektami porównawczymi były drzewostany leśnych rezerwatów Dolnego Śląska rosnące na podobnych siedliskach. W wyniku przeprowadzonych obserwacji ustalono, że analizowany fragment parku ma postać wielogatunkowego, wielowarstwowego i różnowiekowego zbiorowiska lasu liściastego o strukturze typowej dla fazy odnowienia i regeneracji. W zbiorowisku dominującą rolę odgrywają rodzime gatunki typowe dla grądów, jednak duże znaczenie mają również gatunki obce, zwłaszcza inwazyjne oraz postpionierzy. Występują też drzewa cenne ze względu na wiek i pochodzenie. W porównaniu z wzorcowymi drzewostanami dębowymi oraz rosnącymi w podobnych warunkach drzewostanami rezerwatowymi analizowany obiekt ma przeważnie niższą zasobność, co sugeruje, że jego oddziaływanie biochemiczne na otaczające środowisko jest słabsze. Funkcjonalnie badany park nawiązuje też do zbiorowisk leśnych o charakterze drzewostanu prowadzonego tak zwaną rębnią ciągłą. Kontynuowanie zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych wzorowanych na tej rębni może zoptymalizować funkcje przyrodnicze parku. Zdaniem autorów niniejszej pracy przedstawione w niej oraz podobne analizy powinny być szerzej stosowane jako element oceny zasobów oraz podstawa zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych w parkach miejskich.
    Źródło:
    Architektura Krajobrazu; 2018, 3; 4-19
    1641-5159
    Pojawia się w:
    Architektura Krajobrazu
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uszkodzenia drzew w górskich przedrębnych drzewostanach sosnowych
    Tree damage in premature mountain Scots pine stands
    Autorzy:
    Zastocki, D.
    Walczak, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973750.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany sosnowe
    uszkodzenia drzew
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zrywka drewna
    szlaki zrywkowe
    leśnictwo
    lasy górskie
    drzewostany przedrębne
    mountain forests
    stand damage
    private forest firms
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to evaluate the selected methods and technological processes of wood harvesting used by Forest Service Enterprises and analyse the impact of the adopted solutions on the selected elements of the forest environment. The study is limited to a detailed analysis of the extent of damage to trees retained in stands caused by extraction during late thinning operations carried out under difficult mountain conditions. Analysed stands with pine as a dominant tree species (its percentage share exceeding 70%) aged 41−60 years and grew on the mountain forest habitat. Wood was harvested using the assortment method and skidded by the adapted farm tractors and specialized skidders, such as Kockums 812 and VFA.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 09; 642-650
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ryzyko powstawania szkód w drzewostanach poszczególnych nadleśnictw Polski
    Risk of damage to stands in individual forest districts in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/995538.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    nadlesnictwa
    uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    szkody w lesie
    ryzyko wystapienia
    zroznicowanie regionalne
    wspolczynniki reginalnego ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanow
    stand damage risk model
    stand damage risk factor
    regional damage risk factor
    forest district
    Opis:
    In the study, regional stand damage risk factors were developed for individual forest districts in Poland. For this purpose we used the materials contained in the database of the State Forests Information System (SILP), which relate to the volume of wood obtained from windfalls and deadwood in all forest districts in Poland in the years 2005−2010. The criterion proposed was the maximum annual damage during the period under review expressed as volume of wood obtained from wind−thrown and wind−broken trees, as well as deadwood per hectare of forest stands older than 40 years in a forest district. This allowed to assign regional damage risk factor values to individual units. They range from 0, corresponding to a very low damage risk to stands, to 4, indicating a very high risk. Presented map of the regional stand damage risk factors for the forest districts in Poland is the graphic result of the analysis.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 01; 19-27
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wykorzystanie modelu macierzowego do prognozowania rozwoju drzewostanów o złożonej postaci
    Application of matrix model for projecting the development of stands with complex structure
    Autorzy:
    Drozdowski, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019340.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany
    wykorzystanie
    modele macierzowe
    prognozowanie
    lesnictwo
    modele matematyczne
    rozwoj drzewostanu
    forest modelling
    linear and non−linear programming
    stand with complex structure
    silvicultural planning
    Opis:
    In this study, the principles of building, parameterisation and validation of matrix models of stands are presented. Three basic processes occurring in stand development such as regeneration, growth and dieback of trees are discussed. The study points out to the potential advantages and directions of application of stand matrix models in solving silvicultural problems.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 02; 3-13
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sustainability of Picea abies of Istebna provenance in Dupniański Stream catchment as dependent on stand age class
    Autorzy:
    Malek, S
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41396.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    international conference
    Europe
    forest ecosystem
    plant breeding
    tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    sustainability
    provenance
    Dupnianski Stream catchment
    stand age class
    Silesian Beskids Mountains
    Polska
    Opis:
    Ecochemical indexes such as soil buffer reaction (pH), acid neutralising capacity (ANCaq), alkalinity (ALK), soil acidity (Ma%), basic cation saturation (BS), and molar ratios Ca:Al and BC:Al were used to study the sustainability of Norway spruce of Istebna provenance in stands differing in age class. The data were obtained from the research conducted in the Dupniański Stream catchment in the Silesian Beskid Mts. (Poland). The acid neutralising capacity, alkalinity, and soil acidity were found to depend on the age of spruce stands. The increased acidification of deposits was due to the presence of sulphate and nitrate ions which were washed out from the surface of plants. Passing through the canopy caused a decrease in the acid neutralising capacity, alkalinity, and base cation saturation, and an increase in the soil acidity, with the values being dependent on stand age. The soil acid reaction shifted to the range of the aluminium and iron bufferness, but the Ca:Al and BC:Al ratios were still above the level when aluminium stress is probable. The washout of the basic cations beyond the spruce root system, and the low levels of exchangeable Mg2+ and Ca2+, basic cation saturation of soil water, and effective base saturation of soil may affect the vitality and health of spruce stands in the future. To maintain the sustainability of Norway spruce stands of Istebna provenance in the Dupniański Stream catchment it is necessary to increase the retention of basic elements, especially Mg2+ and Ca2+, by means of stand conversion or fertilisation.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Geographical pattern of haplotypic variation in Austrian native stands of Picea abies
    Autorzy:
    Mengl, M
    Geburek, T.
    Schueler, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41567.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    international conference
    Europe
    forest ecosystem
    plant breeding
    tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    mitochondrial DNA
    biogeography
    genetic diversity
    haplotypic variation
    native stand
    Austria
    tree species
    Opis:
    In the present study we analysed the mitochondrial intraspecific variation in natural populations of Norway spruce. We used the second intron of the nad1 gene, which contains two polymorphic short tandem repeats. Due to the maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in Norway spruce, the spatial distribution of haplotype DNA allows insights into seed dispersal and artificial seed transfer. A total of 504 trees distributed all over Austria were genotyped, and 9 different haplotypes could be found. A geographical map of the haplotype variation pattern of Picea abies is presented.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurements of the deposition of selected compounds in the forest in Wolin National Park; A review
    Autorzy:
    Poleszczuk, G.
    Lysiak-Pastuszak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/85097.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
    Tematy:
    chemical compound
    forest
    Wolin National Park
    atmosphere pollution
    sulphur dioxide
    nitrogen oxide
    fluorine compound
    dust
    hazard
    pollutant
    statistical analysis
    pollution hazard
    measurement
    tree stand
    season
    Źródło:
    Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 1998, 02
    1643-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kwietnica okazała Protaetia speciosissima (Scopoli, 1786) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) – chroniony gatunek saproksyliczny drzewostanów dębowych w Polsce
    Flower chafer Protaetia speciosissima (Scopoli, 1786) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) – protected saproxylic species of oak stands in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Plewa, R.
    Hilszczański, J.
    Jaworski, T.
    Tarwacki, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1312844.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    entomologia lesna
    drzewostany debowe
    owady saproksyliczne
    gatunki chronione
    kwietnica okazala
    Protaetia speciosissima
    wystepowanie
    saproxylic beetles
    oak stand
    forest strata
    yellow pan traps
    vertical distribution
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of our studies on the preferences of the flower chafer, Protaetia speciosissima (Scopoli, 1786). The studies were carried out in 2009-2010 in the Forest Districts of Hajnówka, Krotoszyn, Łochów, Piñczów, and Puławy, located in various regions of Poland. Barrier traps consisting of a Moericke's trap and a Malaise's trap combined with a barrier of fine net were used to collect beetles. Traps were installed at two heights in over 100 years old oak stands, with the upper level in the canopy layer (mean height of 20.5 m) and the lower level adjacent to the tree trunk (mean height of 4,5 m). During two-year study, we collected a total of 328 specimens of P. speciosissima, 299 from the upper- and 29 from the lower forest layer. Thus, we confirmed strong preferences of the adult of P. speciosissima for the canopy layer in oak stands. Furthermore, our observations on phenology indicate that the second half of June and all of July are the months with the highest population density of P. speciosissima. This paper also proposes modes of action for conservation of the species.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 3; 225-229
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Budowa, struktura i dynamika górnoreglowych borów świerkowych o charakterze pierwotnym w dolinach Pańszczycy i Stawów Gąsienicowych (Tatrzański Park Narodowy) w okresie kontrolnym 1991 - 2002
    The structure, composition and dynamics of subalpine primeval spruce forests in the Panszczyca Valley and the Stawy Gasienicowe Valley [in the Tatra National Park] during the control period 1991-2002
    Autorzy:
    Karczmarski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016108.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    dynamika drzewostanu
    sklad gatunkowy
    Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
    drzewostany swierkowe
    Dolina Panszczycy
    lesnictwo
    proces dorastania
    struktura drzewostanu
    zasobnosc drzewostanu
    budowa drzewostanu
    Dolina Gasienicowa
    regiel gorny
    proces ubywania
    przyrost drzewostanu
    stand structure
    stand dynamics
    natural development cycle
    primeval forest
    spruce
    subalpine zone
    poland
    Opis:
    The research presents changes (in the period of 1991−2002) in species composition, volume, dbh structure, height and storey structure, increment value, self−thinning rate and regeneration dynamics of the primeval−type spruce forests of the upper montane zone in the Pańszczyca Valley and the Stawy Gąsiennicowe Valley in the Tatra National Park on the example of three permanent experimental plots. The stands under study (as compared with other stands in the Polish Carpathians from the similar altitudinal zone, feature high productivity expressed by the current annual volume increment value of 4.1−4.5 cu.m./ha, diverse structure and composition depending on the represented stages and phases of stand development, as well as high stand stability.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 11; 41-59
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena korytarzowej metody uprawy dębu (Quercus sp.) na przykładzie obiektów badawczych w nadleśnictwach Mircze i Kościan
    Evaluation of the corridor method for oak (Quercus sp.) cultivation using research objects in the Mircze and Koscian Forest Districts as an example
    Autorzy:
    Paluch, R.
    Gil, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1292277.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    dab
    Quercus
    uprawa korytarzowa
    ocena hodowlana
    hodowla lasu
    odnowienia lasu
    Nadlesnictwo Mircze
    Nadlesnictwo Koscian
    oak
    corridor method
    oak cultivation
    forest regeneration
    stand tending
    Opis:
    The corridor method of oak (Quercus sp) cultivation is an old, forgotten silvicultural method. It was developed around the turn of the 19th and 20th century on the south-eastern borders of Poland (Podole, Wołyń) and Russia and made use of other species such as hornbeam, linden and birch as a cover for oak, which is a tree species sensitive to frosts. The nowadays recurring phenomenon of oak disease initiated a search for silvicultural alternatives and thus the usefulness of reviving the corridor method for oak regeneration was investigated by examining existing tree stands established in this way. Our research plots were located in five young stands and two in mature as well as old stands. In the stands of the 2nd and 3rd age classes, the density of oaks was observed to be 1500 - 3500 /ha, which accounted for 30-50%. The density of oak in old stands (7th age class) was similar to model-predicted values. Furthermore, the corridor method gave very good production results as exemplified by the oak stands growing on the fresh broadleaved site, which had a very high stand quality index. In addition, the species composition was observed to diversify throughout these oak stands’ development, thus supporting arguments for the conservation and preservation of oak-hornbeam forests. To summarise, the prerequisites for the success of the corridor method are systematic cuts of young stands (forest cultures and thickets) to inhibit the growth of accompanying undesired species and limiting the number of grazing animals.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2018, 79, 1
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura wielopokoleniowych drzewostanów sosny zwyczajnej w strefie brzegowej jeziora Bełdany (Puszcza Piska)
    Structure of multi-generation Scots pine stands growing in the littoral zone of Beldany Lake [Pisz Forest]
    Autorzy:
    Żurkowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany wielopokoleniowe
    drzewostany sosnowe
    jezioro Beldany
    Puszcza Piska
    sosna zwyczajna
    strefa brzegowa
    lesnictwo
    struktura drzewostanu
    Pinus sylvestris
    drzewa lesne
    stand structure
    scots pine
    pisz forest
    littoral stands
    Opis:
    Pine stands growing in the littoral zone of Bełdany Lake were established by natural regeneration. On the sites under study pine forms multi−generation stands and regenerates continuously showing two culmination periods in the years 1770−1800 and 1930−1980. Pine population at the age of 200−230 years retains good quality and high vitality. Similarly, younger generation pines that grow under the shelter of the canopy even for 100 years retain the attributes of normal growth after being exposed.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 01; 20-30
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Drzewostany przeszłorębne w Lasach Państwowych
    Overmatured stands in the State Forests National Forest Holding
    Autorzy:
    Kłapeć, B.
    Miścicki, S.
    Stępień, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011730.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany przeszlorebne
    struktura gatunkowa
    gospodarka lesna
    struktura wiekowa
    funkcje lasu
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    lesnictwo
    urzadzanie lasu
    zapas drzewostanu
    overmatured stand
    state forests national forest holding
    Opis:
    The data stored in the State Forests NFH's database were used to investigate the structure of overmatured stands in the State Forests NFH. For the classification of overmatured stands, the definition used in forest management planning was adopted. As per the status of 2008, there were 252 513 hectares (3.6% of forest area of the State Forests NFH) and 84 505 580 m3 (5.0% of standing timber) of overmatured stands (with the exclusion of nature reserves). Differences in the proportion in the area of these stands were found between individual Regional Directorates of the State Forests, stands distinguished with regard to the dominant species or forest function. One of the reasons – specific for Poland – is the necessity to reduce final harvest in forest districts in such a way that, in the case of larger than planned intermediate felling, did not exceed the total yield.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 09; 594-606
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ stosowanych technologii pozyskiwania drewna przez Zakłady Usług Leśnych na obecną i przyszłą jakość techniczną sosnowych drzewostanów przedrębnych
    The effect of harvesting systems used by Forest Services Companies on the present and future technical quality of premature pine stands
    Autorzy:
    Zastocki, D
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026391.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany sosnowe
    drzewostany
    metody pozyskiwania drewna
    uzytkowanie lasu
    Zaklady Uslug Lesnych
    lesnictwo
    jakosc
    drzewostany przedrebne
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    forest services companies
    stand damage
    thinnings
    kraft class
    harvesting system
    poland
    Opis:
    The aim of the paper is to determine the degree of damage of trees in a stand in the Kraft classes and diameters at breast height of trees in the damaged and undamaged stands depending on the harvesting system applied by Forest Services Companies. Field studies were carried out in the Polish lowlands in pine stands in the age classes II a, III a and IV a in the fresh forest habitat (Bśw) and mixed fresh forest habitat (BMśw). The prevailing species is pine (minimum 80%), and the assortment and tree−length methods are used for timber harvest. The thinning operations cause injuries to trees in the remaining stands and the scale of these injuries depends mainly on labour organisation.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2003, 147, 03; 28-34
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model wzrostu modrzewia europejskiego (Larix decidua Mill.)
    Growth model for European larch [Larix decidua Mill.]
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Zasada, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009318.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewa lesne
    modrzew europejski
    Larix decidua
    modele wzrostu
    modele stochastyczne
    drzewostany modrzewiowe
    struktura drzewostanu
    produkcyjnosc lasu
    growth and yield model
    european larch
    forest productivity
    stand structure
    Opis:
    The paper discusses the functioning scheme and components of the stochastic growth model for European larch. The model was presented in the form suitable for processing the periodic forest inventory data (diameter and height of trees measured on fixed sample plots and average stand age). The growth model for larch consists of four main algorithms: introductory, thinning, mortality and incremental. First, the introductory algorithm is run to determine stand characteristics at certain age. Next, the thinning algorithm linked with the mortality procedure is activated. In the next step, incremental algorithm (also coupled with mortality program) is turned on. Thinning and incremental programs are run alternately until the end of prognosis period is reached. One of the most important characteristics of forest stand structure is tree stocking utilized directly by the thinning algorithm. The presented model is suitable for prognosis of European larch stands with any age, site index, stocking and various results of measured diameters and heights. It requires verification based on independent empirical data, preferably from permanent research plots.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 09; 615-624
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jodła pospolita (Abies alba Mill.) w drzewostanach zespołu żyznej buczyny karpackiej (Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum)
    Common fir (Abies alba Mill.) in stands of the complex of the fertile carpathian beech (Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum)
    Autorzy:
    Sugiero, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022742.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    jodla pospolita
    wzrost roslin
    odnowienia lasu
    zyzna buczyna karpacka
    Abies alba
    lesnictwo
    Nadlesnictwo Krasiczyn
    drzewostany jodlowo-bukowe
    drzewa lesne
    common fir
    common beech
    fertile carpathian beech forest (dentario glandulosae−fagetum)
    fir−beech stand
    Opis:
    This study presents results of measurements carried out in 2001 in five two−generation mature fir−beech stands growing on the upland forest site in the Krasiczyn Forest Division (Krosno Regional Direction of State Forests − RDSF). The collected experimental material was subjected to analysis in individual stand strata from the point of view of the evaluation of the condition and growth and regeneration potentials of the common fir as an important admixture species in stands of the fertile Carpathian beech complex.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 11; 42-49
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kształtowanie zróżnicowanej struktury drzewostanów w warunkach nizinnych
    Promoting diverse forest stand structure under lowland conditions
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Bielak, K.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Gawron, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/994357.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany
    struktura drzewostanu
    struktura warstwowa
    struktura gatunkowa
    ksztaltowanie struktury
    postepowanie hodowlane
    struktura grubosci
    rozklad piersnic
    metoda BDq
    białowieża forest
    close−to−nature silviculture
    stand structure
    silvicultural planning
    stocking control
    Opis:
    The paper presents preliminary results and experiences concerning promoting diverse structures in forest stands dominated by light demanding tree species, i.e. those that prevail under conditions of Polish lowlands. Data was collected in the ‘Control Unit Browsk 28C', established in 2002 in the managed part of the Białowieża Forest (eastern Poland) and surveyed again in 2011.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 08; 597-606
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ekologiczne konsekwencje hodowli drzew w różnym zagęszczeniu II. Produkcja i alokacja biomasy, retencja biogenów
    Ecological consequences of silviculture at variable stand densities. II. Biomass production and allocation, nutrient retention
    Autorzy:
    Jagodziński, A.M.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011811.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wiezba drzew
    zageszczenie poczatkowe
    mikroelementy
    lesnictwo
    skladniki pokarmowe
    ekologia lasu
    makroelementy
    zageszczenie roslin
    dostepnosc skladnikow pokarmowych
    wymiana gazowa
    drzewostany
    biomasa
    alokacja biomasy
    stand density
    spacing
    tree competition
    forest ecology
    biomass allocation
    nutrient retention
    review
    Opis:
    The main goal of this review was to characterize ecological consequences of growing trees at variable stand densities. Increasing stand density results in rising competition among trees in their below− and above− ground parts, leads to changes in stand structure (DBH, height, crown width and length, crown ratio, tree slenderness, branch diameters and length) and thus modifies biomass partitioning and may influence stand productivity. Trees grown at higher density compete more intensely for limited resources such as space, light, water and nutrients, than in those grown at wider spacing. In general, total tree biomass accumulation is higher in more dense stands and in less dense stands a higher proportion of biomass is allocated to coarse roots. Moreover, stand density may alter foliage distribution within the crowns. For stands grown at higher tree density, leaf area index (LAI) may increase and thus influence stand productivity, however LAI is closely related to light requirements and succession status of the species. Because stand density may simultaneously modify macro− and micronutrient concentration in different tree tissues and biomass partitioning, it may lead to distinct changes in the nutrient balance of the forest ecosystem. For example, a considerable pool of stand mineral elements (including carbon) is allocated to roots that are not subjected to traditional stand management. Therefore, manipulation of stand density leading to higher biomass allocation to roots may increase carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 03; 147-157
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany zachodzące w drzewostanach Bieszczadów
    Changes in the forests of the Bieszczady Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985915.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy gorskie
    Bieszczady
    drzewostany
    sklad gatunkowy
    zmiany w drzewostanach
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    model wzrostu drzewostanu
    modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
    species composition
    stand growth model
    model allowable cut
    wind damage risk model
    forest threat
    measure
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to analyse (on the basis of the data from the State Forests Information System) the changes occurring in the Bieszczady forests in the period of 2007−2016. One of the processes taking place in the study area is the withdrawal of grey alder stands and the appear− ance of natural regeneration of mainly beech and fir, and in a smaller proportion spruce (fig. 1). Another natural process is the encroachment of fir and beech under the canopy of pine stands, which is favoured by fertile habitats that meet the ecological requirements of these two tree species. As a result of economic activity supporting these processes, alder and pine stands are being rebuilt relatively quickly, turning into fir or beech stands, and sometimes into mixed stands with the participation of other tree species, including spruce (fig. 1). The decline of spruce stands occurs on the dominant area in Poland: in Beskid Śląski and Beskid Żywiecki, the Kaszuby Forest or the Białowieża Forest. The main causes of this process are abiotic and biotic factors, including frequent droughts causing the lowering of the groundwater level and insect outbreaks, especially of bark beetles. The proportion of spruce in the Bieszczady Mountains is relatively small (about 10%), and the high fertility of the habitats compensates, to some extent, the relatively high moisture requirements of this tree species and probably these factors determined the lack of decline of spruce stands in the analysed area. In the last 10 years, the average age of forests in the Bieszczady Mountains increased from 77 to 83 years (tab. 2), mainly as a result of too low volume of harvested timber (fig. 3). Comparing the total harvested volume with the volume of allowable cut determined by the stand growth model, the harvest of the wood raw material was understated by about 25%. The aging of forests is also confirmed by changes in stands in age classes (fig. 2). The aging of the Bieszczady forests is correlated with the process of increasing the threat to these forests by wind (figs. 4−5). The wind damage risk factor increased over the next 10 years in the two highest threat level, and thus the area of threatened stands increased. The forest threat measure in the Bieszczady forests increased in general as well as in individual forest districts (fig. 6). The forests in two of these districts are currently among the most threatened in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 355-364
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ryzyko masowego występowania pędraków chrabąszczy (Melolontha spp.) w strefie ekotonowej drzewostanów dojrzałych na terenie Nadleśnictwa Lubaczów
    Risk of the mass occurrence of cockchafer (Melolontha spp.) grubs in the ecotone of mature stands in Lubaczow Forest District
    Autorzy:
    Niemczyk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989889.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany dojrzale
    ekotony
    ekoton las-laka
    szkodniki roslin
    chrabaszcz majowy
    Melolontha melolontha
    chrabaszcz kasztanowiec
    Melolontha hippocastani
    pedraki
    wystepowanie masowe
    ryzyko wystapienia
    regresja logistyczna
    Nadlesnictwo Lubaczow
    melolontha spp.
    forest−meadow ecotone
    mature stand
    logistic regression
    Opis:
    This study evaluated the environmental risk drivers affecting the occurrence of cockchafer grubs in mature stands bordering with open spaces. The following factors were taken into the consideration: the distance from the edge towards the forest interior, the forest site type, species composition, canopy openness and the cover of forest floor with vegetation as well as cutting treatment in some of the investigated stands. In one of the biggest cockchafer outbreak centers in Poland (Lubaczów Forest District; SE Poland) 6 mature stands were chosen and estalished 5 transects in each of them. Each transect was 250 m long and consisted of 6 pits (1×0.5×0.5 m) in a regular distance of 50 m with the first pit on an open space bordering with forest. Pits were used to determine the grub infestation of the soil. In the area of 100 m² around the pit, the general vegetation cover and tree species composition of a stand were characterized. The forest light environment was defined by hemispherical photography. The distance in transect and the fact that stand was harvested were also taken into consideration. The applied logistic regression model demonstrated that the site fertility is the most important factor that significantly increases the risk of cockchafer grubs occurrence. The other characteristics that also cause that stand is more attractive for the cockchafer grubs are: participation of the broadleaved species in stand composition and the dense vegetation cover. Furthermore, the cockchafer grubs occurrence was more frequent in the forest interior than in an open space or at the forest−meadow ecotone.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 04; 326-335
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tempo wzrostu jarzębiny (Sorbus aucuparia L.) a rozpad górnoreglowego drzewostanu świerkowego
    The growth rate of rowan [Sorbus aucuparia L.] versus subalpine spruce stand break down
    Autorzy:
    Żywiec, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012925.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wzrost roslin
    odnowienia lasu
    Babia Gora
    tempo wzrostu
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    Sorbus aucuparia
    zamieranie lasow
    regiel gorny
    lesnictwo
    jarzab pospolity
    luki drzewostanowe
    babia góra national park
    sorbus aucuparia l.
    subalpine spruce forest
    growth rate
    stand breakdown
    Opis:
    The paper presents temporal relationships between the breakdown of tree stand in the subalpine spruce forest and the regeneration of rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L) as well as the rate of height growth of rowan stems. Rowans growing in a large gap recruited mostly from the seedling and sapling bank established under the living spruce stand before its breakdown. The rate of stem height growth was five times higher after the gap formation than under spruce stand. In spite of considerable age differences of rowans the variability in their final height after over 20 years of rapid growth was small.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 04; 38-45
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wieloletnie zmiany składu gatunkowego drzewostanów o podwyższonym reżimie ochronnym w Puszczy Augustowskiej i Puszczy Knyszyńskiej
    Long-term changes of tree species composition in high protective regime stands in the Augustow and Knyszyn Forests
    Autorzy:
    Paluch, R.
    Gabrysiak, K.A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979555.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Augustowska
    Puszcza Knyszynska
    rezerwaty przyrody
    drzewostany naturalne
    zbiorowiska lesne
    sklad gatunkowy
    bor brusznicowy
    bor mieszany trzcinnikowo-swierkowy
    grad miodownikowo-grabowy
    odnowienia naturalne
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    zmiany struktury drzewostanu
    natural regeneration
    forest reserve
    natural stand
    hornbeam expansion
    Opis:
    In the last decades, we observed significant changes in the tree species composition in all layers of close−to−natural stands. Since the 1970s, the Forest Research Institute has collected and stored dataset from stand measurements, phytosociological and other research that are the basis for the long−term monitoring of vegetation. The aim of the research was to determine the directions of changes in the species composition and structure of tree stands, and to analyze the changes in the species composition of natural regeneration growing without human interference in various forest communities in the period of about 40 years. From 2014 to 2017, 40 permanent plots of 0.25 ha were re−measured in the nature reserves of the Knyszyn and Augustów Forests (NE Poland). The diameter of all trees was measured and the trees of the natural regeneration and bushes up to 1.3 m high were counted. The stand similarity index (S) between successive measurements was calculated. The analysis of differences in the composition of tree stands in subsequent measurements was carried out using Student t and Kruskal−Wallis tests. In the species composition of fresh coniferous forest stands and fresh mixed coniferous forest, there were significant changes in the number and share of Scots pine and Norway spruce. In the Knyszyn Forest a significant decrease in the share of spruce was observed. However, an increase in the share of deciduous species was remarkable. An inhibition of the natural pine renewal process and increase in density of spruce regeneration was observed. It is necessary to emphasize the significant expansion of hornbeam in a fresh mixed deciduous forest in the Knyszyn Forest and expansion of hazel in the Augustów Forest. Mean basal area in the forest stands has increased. The similarity index between the beginning and the end of the research reached the value of 0.73−0.94. The species composition and density of natural regenerations created without human intervention are not satisfactory from the point of view of forest sustainability. The most important factor affecting the direction and rate of changes in the species composition of tree stands is the expansion of hornbeam and/or hazel. These species cause changes in the ecological conditions of the lowest forest layers, leading to the unification of the species composition of forest communities.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 10; 846-854
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamika rozpadu drzewostanów świerkowych w Beskidzie Śląskim
    Decline of Norway spruce stands in the Beskid Slaski Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986624.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Beskid Slaski
    drzewostany swierkowe
    zamieranie drzew
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    rozpad drzewostanow
    System Informatyczny Lasow Panstwowych
    model wzrostu drzewostanu
    rozmiar uzytkowania rebnego
    zagrozenia lasu
    szkody od wiatru
    modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
    Nadlesnictwo Wisla
    Nadlesnictwo Wegierska Gorka
    Nadlesnictwo Ustron
    Nadlesnictwo Bielsko
    forest decline
    picea abies
    stand growth model
    harvest volume model
    wind damage risk model
    forest
    threat measure
    Opis:
    The dynamics of decline of Norway spruce forests in the Beskid Śląski Mts. (S Poland) in a 2007−2016 period was analysed based on data from the State Forests Information System. For that purpose we used modified growth model and wind damage risk model. The harvested timber volume (salvage cuts) exceeded the allowable harvest modeled with the stand growth model by 270% in years 2007−2010 (earlier period) and by 89% in the 2011−2016 (later period) period. The highest volume exceed (503 and 307% for earlier and later period respectively) was recorded for the Wisła Forest District. For the deadwood, the harvested volume exceeded the modeled one by 45% (162 in earlier, and 59% in later period). In the Węgierska Górka Forest District the harvested volume amounted to 287% of the modeled one (438 in earlier, and 70% in later period). The largest amount of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees was found in Wisła. Their volume amounted to 48% of the modeled volume (59 in earlier, and 40% in later period). The highest exceed occurred in Węgierska Górka (89 and 70% in the later period respectively). The species composition in the analysed region changed significantly as the share of spruce decreased and share of beech and fir increased (tab. 1). Changes in the aeral fraction of stands in age classes in the Bielsko and Ustroń forest districts were insignificant (tab. 2). For Węgierska Górka, share of stands in age class <20 years increased from 11 to 40%, while the older stands fraction decreased. Major changes occurred in Węgierska Górka and Wisła as far as structure of the stands in the risk damage factor classes is concerned. Fraction for the risk factor classes I and II increased, while for class VI decreased (tab. 3, fig. 4). The highest dynamics of the wind threat measure was recorded especially in Węgierska Górka, where its value decreased from 42 in 2009 to 19 in 2016 (fig. 5). The biggest changes are likely to occur in Wisła in the next years due to the very high fraction of spruce. A significant damage caused by wind may also be expected in Ustroń, where the threat measure is high.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 03; 189-199
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Badania nad zamieraniem jesionu [Fraxinus excelsior L.] w drzewostanach Nadlesnictwa Wloszczowa
    The studies on ash dying [Fraxinus excelsior L.] in the Wloszczowa Forest Unit stands
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, T
    Lukomska, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28009.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    Nadlesnictwo Wloszczowa
    sklad gatunkowy
    zamieranie wierzcholkow pedow
    drzewa lisciaste
    jesion wyniosly
    plamistosc pedow
    objawy chorobowe
    zamieranie lisci
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    drzewostany
    atrofia
    Fraxinus excelsior
    przebarwienia lisci
    zamieranie drzew
    zamieranie pedow
    identyfikacja
    grzyby chorobotworcze
    Wloszczowa Forest Inspectorate
    species composition
    shoot apex
    plant decline
    deciduous tree
    European ash
    plant disease
    shoot
    pathogenic symptom
    leaf decline
    pathogenic factor
    tree stand
    atrophy
    leaf discolouration
    tree decline
    shoot decline
    identification
    pathogenic fungi
    Opis:
    The studies were carried out in the Włoszczowa Forest Unit, in 9 ash stands differing in respect of age, origin (natural, artificial), site and in the nursery on 3 quarters differing due to a silvicultural method (transplanted and not transplanted) and seedlings age. In each stand an analysis of disease symptoms was carried out on 100 trees (2 - 20 years old stands) or 50 trees (21 - 80 years old stands) growing side by side in central part of the stand, while in the nursery in each block 200 seedlings were analyzed (4 sectors with 50 seedlings each). From the infected seedlings and trees 120 fragments of dead branches, living branches with cankers, and dead roots were taken. Identification of fungi was made on the basis of fructification and over 300 isolations of fungi on malt agar medium. The most frequent disease symptoms in ash stands were: the dead top (34.7% trees), the dying of whole branches (83.5%), the dying of the top of branches (20.1%), the occurrence of healed (36.0%) and unhealed cankers (18.9%) and the slime flux (23.7%) on the trunk, also the chlorosis of leaves (7.5%) and their atrophy (11.2%). Most of the types of disease symptoms appeared irrespectively of the tree age, origin and site, sometimes showing only a difference in the frequency of occurrence. On the seedlings in the nursery the shoot discolouration, healed and unhealed cankers on shoots and necrosis of a part of leaves were recorded most frequently. Disease symptoms occurred more frequently on 4-year-old seedlings in comparison with 3-year-old. In respect of transplanted seedlings the leaves dying was more frequent. Within cankers and on dead tops of shoots the most frequent were: Alternaria alternata, Chalara sp., Cytospora ambiens, Diplodia mutila, Fusarium lateritium, Gloeosporidiella turgida, Phomopsis controversa and Phomopsis scobina. In sparsely found dead roots of living trees appeared mostly: Cryptosporiopsis radicicola, Cylindrocarpon destructans and Phialocephala sp.
    Badania prowadzono w Nadl. Włoszczowa w 9 drzewostanach jesionowych różniących się wiekiem, pochodzeniem (naturalne, sztuczne) i siedliskiem oraz w szkółce leśnej na 3 kwaterach różniących się sposobem hodowli (sadzonki szkółkowane, nie szkółkowane) i wiekiem sadzonek. W każdym drzewostanie dokonano analizy symptomów chorobowych u 100 (2 do 20-letnie drzewostany) lub 50 drzew (21 do 80-letnie drzewostany) rosnących obok siebie w części środkowej drzewostanu, zaś w szkółce leśnej na każdej kwaterze zbadano 200 sadzonek (4 sektory po 50 sadzonek). Z chorych sadzonek i drzew pobrano 120 fragmentów zamarłych gałęzi, żywych gałęzi z nekrozami oraz zamarłych korzeni. Identyfikacji grzybów dokonano na podstawie owocników oraz ponad 300 izolacji na pożywkę agarowo-maltozową. Do najczęstszych objawów chorobowych w drzewostanach jesionowych należały: zamieranie wierzchołków (34,7% drzew), zamieranie całych gałęzi (83,5%), zamieranie szczytów gałęzi (20,1%), obecność na pniu zabliźnionych (36,0%) i nie zabliźnionych nekroz (18,9%) oraz wycieków brunatnej substancji (23,7%), a także przebarwienie liści (7,5%) i ich atrofia (11,2%). Większość rodzajów objawów chorobowych występowała niezależnie od wieku drzew, pochodzenia i siedliska, wykazując jedynie niekiedy różnice w częstości występowania. Na sadzonkach w szkółce najczęściej stwierdzano plamistości na pędach, nekrozy zabliźnione i nie zabliźnione na pędach oraz nekrozę części liści. Objawy chorobowe częściej występowały u sadzonek 4-letnich w porównaniu z 3-letnimi. U sadzonek szkółkowanych częściej dochodziło do obumierania liści. W obrębie nekroz i na obumarłych szczytach pędów najczęściej stwierdzano grzyby: Alternaria alternatei, Chalara sp., Cytospora ambiens, Diplodia mutila, Fusarium lateritium, Gloeosporidiella turgida, Phomopsis controversa i Phomopsis scobina. W nielicznie stwierdzanych obumarłych korzeniach żywych drzew występowały głównie: Cryptosporiopsis radicicola, Cylindrocarpon destructans i Phialocephala sp.
    Źródło:
    Acta Agrobotanica; 2005, 58, 2; 429-439
    0065-0951
    2300-357X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Agrobotanica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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