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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Formalin safety in anatomic pathology workflow and integrated air monitoring systems for the formaldehyde occupational exposure assessment
    Autorzy:
    Dugheri, Stefano
    Massi, Daniela
    Mucci, Nicola
    Berti, Nicola
    Cappelli, Giovanni
    Arcangeli, Giulio
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085773.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-06-28
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    formaldehyde
    mitigation
    formalin
    exposure monitoring
    anatomic pathology
    occupational exposure
    Opis:
    The potential carcinogenicity of formaldehyde (FA) has prompted increasing preventive measures in anatomic pathology (AP) laboratories and new strategies aimed at innovating airborne FA monitoring systems. This review provides an updated overview of the most recent improvements in preventive measures, safe practices, and exposure monitoring tools in the FA usage and handling. A computer-based search of scientific and non-scientific sources was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Google and Google Patents databases, querying the main topics of real-time, in-continuous FA monitoring instruments for sale, and commercially available tools for improving preventive measures in formalin management. In order to simplify the sampling process and to choose a better analytic solution to FA assessment, the main characteristics of each FA monitoring instrument were described. The novel technical tools recently introduced on the global market, aimed at reducing FA emissions in AP laboratories, were summarized. This review is directed at anatomic pathologists to draw their attention to the rapidly growing field of safe formalin practices. A repeated exposure assessment is recommended to evaluate technical changes in air monitoring programs to keep FA emissions low, in compliance with the limit value; thus, evolved monitoring devices are needed.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2021, 34, 3; 319-338
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Program Amiantus w Polsce – 20 lat realizacji
    The Amiantus Program in Poland – 20 years of implementation
    Autorzy:
    Świątkowska, Beata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085651.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-24
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    azbest
    choroby azbestozależne
    Program Amiantus
    ochrona zdrowia pracowników
    nadzór medyczny
    monitoring ekspozycji
    asbestos
    asbestos-related diseases
    Amiantus Program
    workers’ health protection
    medical surveillance
    exposure monitoring
    Opis:
    WstępPomimo wprowadzonego ponad 20 lat temu w Polsce zakazu produkcji materiałów zawierających azbest wciąż odnotowuje się nowe przypadki chorób azbestozależnych. Systematyczna kontrola wydolności układu oddechowego u osób narażonych na pył azbestu jest zatem niezwykle istotna ze względu na biologiczne właściwości tego minerału.Materiał i metodyProgram profilaktycznych badań lekarskich Amiantus wprowadzono w 2000 r. w celu realizacji ustawowych uprawnień byłych pracowników zakładów przetwórstwa azbestu do tego typu badań. Osoby zatrudnione kiedykolwiek w tych zakładach uzyskały uprawnienia do korzystania z profilaktycznych badań lekarskich do końca życia. Prowadzone badania mają charakter ciągły, rozłożony na lata, i są ukierunkowane w szczególności na ocenę układu oddechowego.WynikiOd rozpoczęcia programu przez 20 lat jego realizacji przebadano 8329 osób, w tym 5199 (62,4%) mężczyzn, dla których przeprowadzono łącznie 34 454 badań lekarskich. W okresie realizacji programu odsetek zdiagnozowanych patologii związanych z azbestem wzrósł z 8% w 2000 r. do 25% w 2019 r. Wśród byłych pracowników przetwórstwa azbestu zgłaszających się na badania lekarskie w ramach Programu Amiantus rozpoznano 2078 chorób azbestozależnych, co stanowiło 25% osób z tej grupy. Wśród chorób dominowała pylica azbestowa (1880 przypadków – 90,5%), a następnie rak płuca (121 przypadków – 5,8%) oraz międzybłoniak opłucnej (77 przypadków – 3,7%). Dodatkowo zmiany opłucnowe w postaci blaszek i rozlanych zgrubień opłucnej rozpoznano u 40% pacjentów, natomiast zacienienia miąższu płucnego dotyczyły ponad 65% byłych pracowników przetwórstwa azbestu.WnioskiProgram Amiantus – dzięki długiej obserwacji – umożliwił monitorowanie stanu zdrowia byłych pracowników narażonych na działanie azbestu oraz stworzył unikalną możliwość przeprowadzenia analiz epidemiologicznych. Badania te dostarczyły także wiedzy na temat naturalnej historii chorób związanych z azbestem.
    BackgroundDespite the ban on the production of asbestos-containing materials, introduced in Poland over 20 years ago, new cases of asbestos-related diseases are still being recorded. Systematic control of respiratory function in people exposed to asbestos dust is, therefore, extremely important due to the biological properties of this mineral.Material and MethodsThe Amiantus preventive medical examination program was undertaken in 2000 to implement the legal rights of former employees of asbestos processing plants for this type of examinations. People who have ever been employed in such factories have been authorized to use preventive medical examinations for the rest of their lives. The research is continuous, spread over time and focused, in particular, on the assessment of the respiratory system.ResultsSince the beginning of the program, throughout 20 years of its implementation, 8329 people have been examined, including 5199 (62.4%) men for whom a total of 34 454 medical examinations have been carried out. During the program period, the percentage of diagnosed pathologies increased from 8% in 2000 to 25% in 2019. Overall, 2078 asbestos-related diseases were diagnosed among former employees of asbestos processing plants under the Amiantus Program, which accounted for 25% of this group. Among all diseases caused by exposure to asbestos, the most common were: asbestosis (1880 cases – 90.5%), lung cancer (121 cases – 5.8%) and pleural mesothelioma (77 cases – 3.7%). Diseases of pleura in the form of plaques and diffuse pleural thickening were diagnosed in 40% of the examined patients, while radiological pulmonary shadows affected over 65% of former employees of asbestos processing plants.ConclusionsThe Amiantus Program, thanks to the long observation period, enabled monitoring the health of former employees exposed to asbestos, and created a unique opportunity to carry out epidemiological analyzes. These studies allowed the authors to expand their knowledge of the natural history of asbestos-related diseases.
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2020, 71, 5; 595-601
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Health risk assessment related to hydrogen peroxide presence in the workplace atmosphere – analytical methods evaluation for an innovative monitoring protocol
    Autorzy:
    Mucci, Nicola
    Dugheri, Stefano
    Bonari, Alessandro
    Farioli, Andrea
    Rapisarda, Venerando
    Garzaro, Giacomo
    Cappelli, Giovanni
    Arcangeli, Giulio
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116638.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-03-13
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    environmental monitoring
    occupational medicine
    hydrogen peroxide
    exposure scenario
    airborne exposure
    electrochemical sensor
    Opis:
    ObjectivesHydrogen peroxide (HP) accounts for 15% of the total global chemical revenue. According to the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, the HP concentration immediately dangerous to human life or health is 75 ppm. Operators exposed to HP should pay attention when choosing the monitoring technique that should be specific and sensitive enough to discriminate the exposure levels from background concentrations. In order to assess the long- and short-term exposure to HP in disinfection processes, the authors compared 6 industrial hygiene monitoring methods to evaluate their efficiency in measuring airborne HP concentrations.Material and MethodsAirborne HP concentrations were evaluated using an on-fiber triphenylphosphine solid-phase microextraction method, and they were compared with those obtained using a 13-mm Swinnex titanium oxysulfate filter holder and 4 portable direct-reading electrochemical sensors. A survey carried out in wood pulp bleaching, food and beverage disinfection processing, and in a hospital department to reduce the risk of spreading nosocomial infections, was performed during routine operations to access the risk of HP occupational exposure.ResultsThrough the generation of HP gaseous dynamic atmospheres (0.1–85 ppm), the authors evaluated the consistency of the results obtained using the 6 methods described. The monitoring campaigns showed that the increase in HP could be relatively high (until 67 ppm) in food and beverage processing.ConclusionsIn the authors’ opinion, the current 8-h time-weighted average limits of 1 ppm for HP do not reflect the actual risk; a short-term exposure limit would, therefore, provide a much better protection.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2020, 33, 2; 137-150
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational exposure to diisocyanates in polyurethane foam factory workers
    Autorzy:
    Świerczyńska-Machura, Dominika
    Brzeźnicki, Sławomir
    Nowakowska-Świrta, Ewa
    Walusiak-Skorupa, Jolanta
    Wittczak, Tomasz
    Dudek, Wojciech
    Bonczarowska, Marzena
    Wesolowski, Wiktor
    Czerczak, Sławomir
    Pałczyński, Cezary
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177097.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-08-10
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    biomarkers
    diisocyanates
    asthma
    polyurethanes
    biological monitoring
    occupational exposure
    occupational diseases
    Opis:
    Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate health effects of occupational exposure to diisocyanates (DIC) among polyurethane foam products factory workers. Material and Methods Thirty workers had a physical examination, skin prick tests with common allergens, allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to diisocyanates and pulmonary function tests. Concentrations of selected isocyanates in the workplace air samples as well as concentration of their metabolites in the urine samples collected from the workers of the plant were determined. Results The most frequent work-related symptoms reported by the examined subjects were rhinitis and skin symptoms. Sensitization to at least 1 common allergen was noted in 26.7% of the subjects. Spirometry changes of bronchial obstruction of a mild degree was observed in 5 workers. The specific IgE antibodies to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) were not detected in any of the patients’ serum. Cellular profiles of the collected induced sputum (ISP) did not reveal any abnormalities. Air concentrations of TDI isomers ranged 0.2–58.9 μg/m³ and in 7 cases they exceeded the Combined Exposure Index (CEI) value for those compounds. Concentrations of TDI metabolites in post-shift urine samples were significantly higher than in the case of pre-shift urine samples and in 6 cases they exceeded the British Biological Monitoring Guidance Value (BMGV – 1 μmol amine/mol creatinine). We didn’t find a correlation between urinary concentrations of TDI, concentrations in the air and concentrations of toluenediamine (TDA) in the post shift urine samples. Lack of such a correlation may be an effect of the respiratory protective equipment use. Conclusions Determination of specific IgE in serum is not sensitive enough to serve as a biomarker. Estimation of concentrations of diisocyanate metabolites in urine samples and the presence of work-related allergic symptoms seem to be an adequate method for occupational exposure monitoring of DIC, which may help to determine workers at risk as well as to recognize hazardous workplaces.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 6; 985-998
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The content of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and tin in fruit and their products based on monitoring studies – exposure assessment
    Autorzy:
    Mania, M.
    Rebeniak, M.
    Chabros, E.
    Orshulyak, O.
    Postupolski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082840.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
    Tematy:
    food
    fruit
    monitoring
    lead
    cadmium
    mercury
    arsenic
    tin
    exposure assessment
    Opis:
    Background. Fruit and fruit products are important part of our daily diet. In addition to the ingredients necessary for the proper functioning of the body, these products can also be a source of intake elements harmful to human health. Objective. Analysis of the results of monitoring studies conducted in Poland in 2015 concerning contamination of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and tin (Sn) in fruit and fruit products and exposure assessment. Material and methods. Approximately 600 samples of fresh, frozen, dried fruits, fruit preserves and canned fruits were tested. The laboratories of State Sanitary Inspection were involved in testing. Accredited and validated analytical methods were used. The test samples were prepared in accordance with the standard PN-EN 13804:2013. The contents of lead, cadmium and tin were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) or flameless with electrothermal atomization spectrometry (GFAAS); arsenic by using hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry method (HGAAS) and mercury the "cold vapor" atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS) method. Results. Contamination of investigated samples with elements harmful to human health (Pb, Ca, As, Hg and Sn does not rise concern to human health and was in most cases comparable with contamination reported in other European Union countries. The estimated average exposure of adults and children to lead intake with fruit and fruit products ranged from 0.5% to 14.6% of the respective Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit (BMDL) established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The mean intake of cadmium with these groups of foodstuffs was in the range 0.3 - 8.5% of the TWI value (Tolerable Weekly Intake) established by EFSA for adults and children (0.1 - 3.6% of the PTMI (Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake) established by JECFA. In case of arsenic mean intake was in the range 0.5 - 1.6% BMDL whilst for mercury (inorganic form) intake represented 0.5 - 1.4% of TWI value established by JECFA and then confirmed by EFSA. Conclusions. Based on the obtained results, it was found that content of Pb, Cd, As, Hg and Sn in the tested samples of fruit and their products does not pose a risk to consumer health. Estimated exposure of consumers does not exceed tolerable doses established by EFSA and JECFA for these elements.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2021, 72, 4; 353-360
    0035-7715
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chronic respiratory symptoms of poultry farmers and model-based estimates of long-term dust exposure
    Autorzy:
    Guillam, M.T.
    Pedrono, G.
    Le Bouquin, S.
    Huneau, A.
    Gaudon, J.
    Leborgne, R.
    Dewitte, J.D.
    Segala, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    chronic respiratory disease
    poultry farm
    farmer
    long-term exposure
    dust exposure
    occupational exposure
    respirable dust
    task
    environment monitoring
    chronic bronchitis
    bronchitis
    human disease
    occupational disease
    Opis:
    Objectives. The airborne contaminant exposure levels experienced by poultry farmers have raised concerns about the possible health hazards associated with them. Thus, a longitudinal project was instituted in France to monitor these exposures in poultry workers and to evaluate the long-term effect on health. Method. Sixty-three workers in two different poultry housing systems were included (33 from floor-based systems and 30 from cage-based systems). Personal dust concentrations (over 2 days) and activity patterns (over 14 days) were collected and then modeled to obtain average long-term estimates. Health data were collected by questionnaire. Results. The mean daily time spent in the cage system was more than 2 hours longer than in the floor system. Two main common tasks accounted for ~70% of this time. Dust concentrations were higher in the floor system than in the cage system. The concentrations for the 14 days of known activity patterns estimated using the statistical model agreed well with the measured values. Several chronic respiratory symptoms were significantly associated with the high levels of long-term exposure estimated by the model. The highest risk was for chronic bronchitis symptoms (>4-fold higher for exposures of 0.1 mg/m3 of respirable dust). Conclusion. The presented modeling strategy can be used to estimate the long-term average personal exposure to respirable dust, and to study the association between dust exposure and chronic respiratory symptoms. This population of workers will be followed-up in subsequent examinations (3 years later) to determine whether the predictive model is valid, and whether long-term dust exposure is related to the incidence of respiratory symptoms and changes in pulmonary functions.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2013, 20, 2
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recognition of the 24-hour Noise Exposure of a Human
    Autorzy:
    Korbiel, T.
    Stępień, B.
    Batko, W.
    Barański, R.
    Mleczko, D.
    Pawlik, P.
    Blaut, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177799.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    noise hazard
    24-hour noise exposure
    Personal Indicator of Noise Hazard
    acoustic monitoring
    Opis:
    The civilisation progress has caused noise to become one of essential pathogenic and life comfort decreasing factors. There are several legal regulations aimed at controlling the noise influence on humans. Assessment of the twenty-four-hour influence of noises in various environments constitutes an essential problem. The answer can be supplied by 24-hour monitoring of the sound pressure. This paper is an attempt to learn the real loading of humans by noises. A personal noise indicator was used in measurements. The human 24-hour activity was divided into cycles allowing to model noise hazards. The collected data, even though they did not signal exceeding of individual standards, in the 24-hour period indicated the essential noise influence. These results indicate the need of investigations to recognise the 24-hour noise load of a human, with taking into account various forms of their activity and the need of rest.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 4; 601-607
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of occupational exposure to gaseous peracetic acid
    Autorzy:
    Dugheri, Stefano
    Bonari, Alessandro
    Pompilio, Ilenia
    Colpo, Marco
    Montalti, Manfredi
    Mucci, Nicola
    Arcangeli, Giulio
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2160025.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-07-04
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    chromatography
    electrochemical sensors
    peracetic acid
    air monitoring
    short-term exposure
    visual test strip PAA detector
    Opis:
    Objectives: In order to assess short-term exposure to peracetic acid (PAA) in disinfection processes, the Authors compared 4 industrial hygiene monitoring methods to evaluate their proficiency in measuring airborne PAA concentrations. Material and Methods: An active sampling by basic silica gel impregnated with methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide (MTSO), a passive solid phase micro-extraction technique using methyl p-tolyl sulfide (MTS) as on-fiber derivatization reagent, an electrochemical direct-reading PAA monitor, and a novel visual test strip PAA detector doped with 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonate were evaluated and tested over the range of 0.06–16 mg/m3, using dynamically generated PAA air concentrations. Results: The linear regression analysis of linearity and accuracy showed that the 4 methods were suitable for PAA monitoring. Peracetic acid monitoring in several use applications showed that the PAA concentration (1.8 mg/m3) was immediately dangerous to life or health as proposed by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, and was frequently exceeded in wastewater treatment (up to 7.33 mg/m3), and sometimes during food and beverage processes and hospital high-level disinfection operations (up to 6.8 mg/m3). Conclusions: The methods were suitable for the quick assessment of acute exposure in PAA environmental monitoring and can assist in improving safety and air quality in the workplace where this disinfectant is used. These monitoring methods allowed the evaluation of changes to work out practices to reduce PAA vapor concentrations during the operations when workers are potentially overexposed to this strong antioxidant agent. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(4):527–535
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 4; 527-535
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Environmental exposure to airborbe asbestos fibres in a highly urbanized city
    Autorzy:
    Krakowiak, E
    Gorny, R.L.
    Cembrzynska, J.
    Sakol, G.
    Boissier-Draghi, M.
    Anczyk, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50447.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    asbestos fibre
    asbestos-containing material
    air contamination
    environmental exposure
    monitoring
    health hazard
    people
    town
    city
    building construction
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2009, 16, 1; 121-128
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pole elektromagnetyczne w środowisku – metody szacowania i monitoring
    Electromagnetic field in the environment − estimation methods and monitoring
    Autorzy:
    Bieńkowski, Paweł
    Podlaska, Joanna
    Zubrzak, Bartłomiej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162742.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-09-18
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    pole elektromagnetyczne
    środowisko
    PEM
    monitoring
    ekspozycja
    estymacja pola elektromagnetycznego
    electromagnetic field
    environment
    EMF
    exposure
    electromagnetic field estimation
    Opis:
    Wstęp W pracy opisano obecny stan prawny związany z pomiarami pól elektromagnetycznych (PEM) w kontekście ochrony środowiska oraz przedstawiono założenia i przykładowe wyniki z krajowego systemu monitoringu PEM, który w opinii autorów można by uczynić bardziej miarodajnym i lepiej przystosowanym do obecnej sytuacji w branży radiokomunikacji. Materiał i metody Zaprezentowano uproszczoną metodę szacowania natężenia (PEM) od dowolnego źródła ze szczególnym naciskiem na stacje bazowe telefonii komórkowej, wykorzystując do tego ich podstawowe parametry. Opisano system monitoringu pola elektromagnetycznego funkcjonujący w Polsce i przedstawiono alternatywne metody jego prowadzenia, jakie są stosowane w innych krajach. Pokazano także własną koncepcję monitoringu mobilnego, której założenia doskonale wpasowują się w obecne realia i są możliwe do zrealizowania z wykorzystaniem aparatury pomiarowej będącej w posiadaniu laboratoriów wojewódzkich inspektoratów ochrony środowiska. Wyniki Przedstawiono budowę systemu pomiarowego i dokonano jego weryfikacji pomiarowej w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Oszacowano błędy pomiarowe wynikające z zastosowania obudowy odpornej na warunki atmosferyczne i umocowania przyrządu na dachu pojazdu, potwierdzając, że ich wpływ na budżet niepewności pomiaru monitoringowego jest pomijalny. Zaprezentowano oprogramowanie pomocnicze do realizacji monitoringu mobilnego, za pomocą którego dokonano weryfikacji przez przeprowadzenie pomiarów monitoringowych we Wrocławiu. Wnioski Wyniki uzyskane w trakcie prowadzenia pomiarów monitoringowych w terenie potwierdziły, że zaproponowany sposób daje wiarygodne i miarodajne wyniki, które nie są obarczone znaczącymi błędami ani przekłamaniami wynikającymi z zaproponowanej metodyki pomiaru czy budowy samego układu pomiarowego. Opracowany system nie wymaga znacznych nakładów finansowych i stanowi doskonałe uzupełnienie pomiarów stacjonarnych wykonywanych obecnie w ramach Systemu Monitoringu Środowiska. Med. Pr. 2019;70(5):567–585
    Background The paper describes the current legal status related to electromagnetic field (EMF) measurements in the context of environmental protection. It also presents the assumptions and exemplary results obtained from the EMF National Monitoring System which, in the authors’ opinion, could be more reliable and better adapted to the current state of affairs in the radiocommunication industry. Material and Methods A simplified method of estimating electromagnetic field intensity from various sources, including in particular cellular base stations, using their basic parameters, was described. The electromagnetic field monitoring system operating in Poland was described, and alternative monitoring methods were presented. The authors introduced their own concept of mobile monitoring, whose assumptions perfectly fit into the current realities and can be performed with the use of the current measurement equipment available to laboratories of the Voivodeship Inspectorates for Environmental Protection. Results The construction of the measurement system was presented, and its measurement verification was carried out. Measurement errors resulting from the use of weather-resistant casing and from placing the device on the roof of the vehicle were estimated, confirming that their impact on the measurement uncertainty budget tends to be negligible. Auxiliary software for mobile monitoring was presented, with the aid of which verification was made by carrying out monitoring measurements in the city of Wrocław. Conclusions The results obtained during the monitoring measurements in real conditions confirmed that the proposed method provides reliable results, which are not burdened with significant errors and distortions resulting from the proposed measurement methodology or from the construction of the measurement system itself. The developed system does not require significant financial outlays and is a perfect complement to the stationary measurements currently performed within the Environmental Monitoring System. Med Pr. 2019;70(5):567–85
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2019, 70, 5; 567-585
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ochrona zdrowia pracownika narażonego na czynniki chemiczne w środowisku pracy – monitoring biologiczny w ocenie ryzyka zdrowotnego: regulacje prawne
    Health protection of a worker exposed to chemical agents in the work environment – biological monitoring in health risk assessment: legal regulations
    Autorzy:
    Gregorczyk, Robert
    Janasik, Beata
    Smuga, Jakub
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118792.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-09-05
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
    regulacje prawne
    ocena narażenia
    czynniki chemiczne
    monitoring biologiczny
    szacowanie ryzyka
    occupational health and safety
    legislation
    exposure assessment
    chemical agents
    biological monitoring
    risk assessment
    Opis:
    Jednym z priorytetów z zakresu bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy w Unii Europejskiej (UE) są badania dotyczące rozpowszechniania oraz zastosowania wyników badań naukowych. Skutkuje to zmianami w prawodawstwie dotyczącym oceny narażenia na czynniki chemiczne i szacowania ryzyka. Celem pracy jest analiza regulacji prawnych stosowanych w UE dotyczących oceny narażenia i szacowania ryzyka na czynniki chemiczne na podstawie badań monitoringu biologicznego w kontekście ochrony zdrowia pracowników oraz w nawiązaniu do systemu i norm zarządzania higieną pracy. Przeprowadzono analizę obowiązujących przepisów prawnych oraz zaleceń i wytycznych dotyczących prowadzenia badań z zakresu monitoringu biologicznego w ocenie narażenia pracowników. Zestawiono obowiązujące w Polsce przepisy z regulacjami wprowadzonymi w UE. Przeprowadzono ocenę zasadności wdrażania narzędzi monitoringu biologicznego w profilaktyce zdrowia pracujących jako dodatkowego narzędzia służącego ochronie pracownika przed działaniem czynników chemicznych.
    One of the priorities in the field of occupational safety and health in the European Union (EU) is research on dissemination and application of scientific results, which results in changes in legislation on exposure assessment to chemical agents and risk estimation. The aim of this paper is to analyze the EU legislation on exposure assessment and risk estimation to chemical agents based on biological monitoring studies, in the context of workers’ health protection, with reference to the occupational hygiene management system and standard. An analysis was made of the current legal regulations as well as recommendations and guidelines for biological monitoring studies in the assessment of workers’ exposure to selected metals. A comparison was made between the regulations in force in Poland and in EU. The rationale for implementing biological monitoring tools in occupational health prevention as an additional tool to protect workers from chemical agents was evaluated.
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 4; 349-356
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exposure assessment of pharmaceutical powders based on an environmental monitoring method: a pilot study
    Autorzy:
    Demircan Yildirim, Fatma
    Ekmekci, Ismail
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087446.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-03
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    environmental monitoring
    occupational safety in the pharmaceutical industry
    risk assessment
    working environment measurement
    exposure to API
    determination of surface contamination
    Opis:
    BackgroundAbout 8 million healthcare workers in the USA are potentially exposed to hazardous drugs or their toxic metabolites over a long period of time despite the fact that both the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the European Parliament recommend the monitoring of exposure among workers dealing with substances which have carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic effects on the reproductive system. The objective of this study is to determine exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) among pharmaceutical industry workers, and to develop a methodology which promotes the accurate monitoring, evaluation and control of exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients, also in compliance with good manufacturing practice.Material and MethodsThe pilot study was designed in accordance with “Sterile Drug Products Produced by Aseptic Processing – Current Good Manufacturing Practice,” issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The samples were collected with the swab technique which was recommended in the “Validation of Cleaning Processes (7/93)” guideline. The minimum numbers of locations (NL = 9) and sampling points (NL(T) = 63) were determined according to ISO 14644-1:2015 “Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments” issued by the International Organization for Standardization. The samples were analyzed using an ultra performance liquid chromatography system, with an analytical method which was developed and validated according to “Q7A, Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients” issued by the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. The low limit of quantification of the employed method (17 ng/ml) enables the determination of exposure at low concentrations.ResultsWhile contamination was detected in 43 (68.3%) of the 63 samples collected, 20 (31.7%) could not be detected. The environmental monitoring results ranged 0–15 000 ng/cm2 and the potential risk of exposure to API was considered to be >2 g.ConclusionsThe results clearly prove and reveal the magnitude of the hazard, both objectively and scientifically, when compared to the research which suggests that 10 ng/cm2 should be considered the prohibitory risk level in quantitative terms.
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2020, 71, 6; 649-663
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessing exposure to 3-MCPD from bakery products based on monitoring studies undertaken throughout Poland
    Autorzy:
    Starski, A.
    Jedra, M.
    Gawarska, H.
    Postupolski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/875170.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
    Tematy:
    exposure assessment
    3-MCPD zob.3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol
    3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol
    baked product
    biscuit
    sponge cake
    food contaminant
    monitoring
    Polska
    Opis:
    Background. The compound 3-monochloropropano-1,2-diol, (3-MCPD) is a contaminant found in foodstuffs that arises during food processing and storage. Conditions condusive to the former are low pH and a high temperature and it can also be formed during manufacturing, ie. food processing. Those favouring the latter are dampness, raised temperatures, packaging conditions and storage duration. For the first time, high levels of 3-MCPD have been reported in soy sauces and hydrolysate products of vegetable protein manufactured through using acid hydrolysis. Animal studies on rats and mice have found that 3-MCPD is a carcinogen, however it is not genotoxic. Objectives. To determine 3-MCPD levels in bakery products currently on the market and to estimate the resulting exposure to the those consumer groups most vulnerable. Results from a two year assessment of this contaminant are so presented. Material and methods. Concentrations of 3-MCPD were measured in 244 samples of bakery foodstuff products found on the market which included; sponge cake, biscuits, cakes, crackers, breadsticks and rusks. Sampling was undertaken by the State Sanitary Inspectorate and analyses were performed by an accredited Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method. The exposure was assessed by comparing the accepted Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for 3-MCPD with the different conditions it occurred in, the consumption of 3-MCPD in the aforementioned foodstuffs and the various consumer groups. Results. Levels of 3-MCPD that exceeded the limits of quantification in the studied foodstuffs were found in 91 out of 244 samples, (ie. 37.3%). These samples included 11 sponge cakes (11.3%), 27 biscuits (55.2%), 10 crackers (8.33%), 17 bread- sticks (8.93%), 21 rusks (63.6%) and 5 cakes (3.13%). The highest numbers of samples containing more than 10 (>10) pg/ kg of 3-MCPD were successively found in the following; breadsticks (79%), biscuits (75%), rusks (33%), crackers (33%), cakes (31%), biscuits (24%) and sponge cakes (4%). In 60 samples (24.6%), levels of 3- MCPD were higher than 10 pg/ kg. It was estimated that the mean daily adult exposure to 3-MCPD is 0.008 - 0.013 pg/kg body weight/day ie. 0.4 - 0.65% of the TDI, however at high exposures this became 6% of the TDI. In the children’s group, the mean exposure was 0.022 - 0.036 pg/kgbodyweight/dayie. 1.1 - 1.8%ofthe TDIwhilstathighexposureitbecame 16.4%ofthe TDI. Conclusions. The results demonstrated that sample levels of 3- MCPD in bakery products do not constitute a significant health risk to consumers.
    Wprowadzenie. 3-monochloropropano-1,2-diol (3-MCPD)jest zanieczyszczeniem chemicznym żywności powstającym w procesie jej wytwarzania i przechowywania. Na tworzenie się zanieczyszczenia mają wpływ: niskie pH, wysoka temperatura oraz proces technologiczny, natomiast podczas przechowywania: wilgoć, podwyższona temperatura, opakowania oraz okres przechowywania. Po raz pierwszy 3-MCPD w wysokich zawartościach stwierdzono w sosach sojowych i hydrolizatach białek roślinnych produkowanych metodą kwaśnej hydrolizy. Badania na szczurach i myszach wykazały, że 3-MCPD posiada działanie kancerogenne, nie jest natomiast substancją genotoksyczną. Cel badań. Ocena zawartości 3-MCPD w wyrobach piekarskich znajdujących się w obrocie oraz oszacowanie narażenia konsumenta na to zanieczyszczenie. W pracy omówiono wyniki 2 letnich badań produktów piekarski pochodzących z obrotu. Materiał i metody. Analizie chemicznej pod kątem zawartości 3-MCPD poddano 244 próbki wyrobów piekarskich: biszkopty, herbatniki, ciastka, krakersy, paluszki i suchary. Próbki do badań były pobierane z obrotu przez pracowników Państwowej Inspekcji Sanitarnej. Zawartość zanieczyszczenia analizowano akredytowanymi metodami chromatografii gazowej sprzężonej ze spektrometrią mas (GC/MS). Oceny narażenia dokonano porównując wartości pobrania z TDI ustalonym dla 3-MCPD, przyjęto scenariusze obejmujące zróżnicowane występowanie zanieczyszczenia, spożycie omawianych środków spożywczych oraz grupy konsumentów. Wyniki. Zawartość 3-MCPD w badanych produktach spożywczych powyżej granicy oznaczalności stwierdzono w 91 z 244 próbek (37,3%), w tym w 11,3% próbek biszkoptów (11), 55,2% herbatników (27), 83,3% sucharów (10), 89,5% paluszków (17), 63,6% krakersów (21) oraz w 31,3% ciastek różnych (5). Największą liczbę próbek o zawartości 3-MCPD powyżej 10 pg/kg (>10) stwierdzano kolejno w: paluszkach (79%), sucharach (75%), krakersach (33%), ciastkach (31%), herbatnikach (24%) i biszkoptach (4%). Ogółem w przypadku 60 próbek (24,6% badanej populacji) poziom zanieczyszczenia wynosił powyżej 10 pg/kg. Oszacowane średnie narażenie na 3-MCPD w grupie dorosłych wynosiło 0,008-0,013 pg/kg m.c./dzień tj. 0,4-0,65% wartości Tolerowanego Dziennego Pobrania (Tolerable Daily Intake, TDI), natomiast narażenie wysokie 6,1% wartości TDI. W grupie dzieci średnie narażenie wynosiło 0,022-0,036 pg/kg m.c./dzień tj. 1,1-1,8% wartości TDI, a w przypadku wysokiego narażenia do 16,4% TDI. Wnioski. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że zawartości 3-MCPD w badanych wyrobach piekarskich nie stanowią istotnego zagrożenia dla zdrowia konsumenta.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2013, 64, 4
    0035-7715
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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