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Tytuł:
Doping – problem nieświadomego społeczeństwa i polityki międzynarodowej państw
Doping – the Problem of the Unaware Society and International Politics of States
Autorzy:
Pepłowska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2194735.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
doping
anti-doping policy
awareness of society
physical culture
Opis:
The definition of doping in the World Anti-Doping Code is an important instrument of international politics. While implications are obvious for the professional athletes participating in Olympic Games, they remain vague for the broader society – the followers of the Olympic struggles. The article is an attempt to indicate the problem faced by society, international institutions and states, trying to pursue an effective anti-doping policy. It presents a comprehensive description of one of the largest doping scandals with the participation of the Russian authorities in 2013–2014 and the results of the author’s research on society’s knowledge of doping in sports. Public awareness of banned substances and methods may turn out to be crucial while assessing the actions of governments and international institutions. Society may have insufficient knowledge about doping and may be unaware of its role in politics on an international scale. An ani-doping policy is a part of state policy, so it impacts the way of benefiting physical culture which is one of the areas creating the public sector.
Źródło:
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja; 2022, 21, 1; 231-245
2300-0422
Pojawia się w:
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ozone decomposition on ZnO catalysts obtained from different precursors
Autorzy:
Milenova, Katya I.
Nikolov, Penko M.
Kasabova, Nikoleta A.
Avramova, Ivalina A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778353.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
ozone decomposition
zinc oxide catalyst
manganese doping
copper doping
nanosize
Opis:
Kinetic investigations for ozone conversion on three different series of zinc oxide catalysts, containing pure ZnO and doped with Mn or Cu one with dopant content less than 1 wt.% were carried out. The different samples were obtained from carbonate, nitrate and acetate precursors. The as prepared catalysts were characterized by AAS, XRD, IR, EPR and BET methods. The mean size of the crystallites determined by XRD data is in the range 27÷68 nm. The presence of Mn2+ and Cu2+ ions into the ZnO matrix was established by EPR. The ozone decomposition was investigated for 30÷75°C temperature range. The zinc carbonate precursor samples show highest activity, while the nitrate precursor ones show lowest activity toward reaction decomposition of ozone in the whole temperature range. At 75°C two of the catalyst, obtained from carbonate precursor - ZnO and CuZnO show 100% conversion.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2014, 16, 4; 55-59
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Doping in Sport: The Case of Fencing
Autorzy:
Łuczak, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1054883.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
doping
fencing
law
sport
Opis:
Most athletes in order to achieve satisfactory results have to train long and hard. However, some of them, aiming at victory at all costs, resort to doping. The benefits of winning are relatively small when compared to the damage of the human organism caused by doping. The phenomenon has been present in cycling, athletics, boxing, football, weightlifting and many other sport disciplines for many years. In fencing only few instances of the use of illegal substances during the competition were revealed, which was reflected in Polish and foreign sports press. In many European countries the use of doping is regulated by the anti-doping rules, regulations and policies that define these practices as penal acts. In Poland the problem of doping was first regulated by the Act on Physical Culture of 1984 and 1996 as well as the he Act of 1985 on Prevention of Drug Abuse. The regulations of FIE fencing competitions, prepared on the request of Polish Fencing Federation on the basis of the FIE competition rules in the disciplinary regulations of competitions prohibited the use of artificial stimulants during or before the competition. The aim of this paper is to present the threats in modern sports with particular attention to the phenomenon of doping in fencing, as well as in social terms. It is a case study and a study of selected issues connected to doping in contemporary sports. The author poses the question whether the fencers often are tempted to support their bodies with doping in order to achieve better results than the representatives of other sports? What percentage of the fencers were using illegal stimulants? Is there is a problem of doping in fencing, and if so, what is its scale?
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2016, 13, 1; 133-142
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oszustwo dopingowe w sporcie wyczynowym wśród kobiet w latach 1950–2017
Doping in women’s professional sport in years 1950–2017
Autorzy:
Łuczak, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/464656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-28
Wydawca:
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
sport
doping
historia
kobiety
Opis:
Cel badań. W artykule przedstawiono zjawisko dopingu kobiet w sporcie w XX i XXI w. Wśród sportsmenek sztuczne wspomaganie wykryto w latach 50. XX w. W niektórych krajach powstał system maskowania dopingu przez władze państwowe. Doświadczenie w zakresie opracowywania i podawania leków wspomagających miały laboratoria antydopingowe, m.in. w Kreischa w NRD. Stosowanie niedozwolonych praktyk ukazano na przykładzie NRD, RFN, ZSRR, Chin, USA, Kenii i Polski. Materiał i metody. Materiał badawczy został zinterpretowany przy użyciu metod stosowanych w naukach historycznych: indukcyjnej, dedukcyjnej, komparatystycznej i analizy literatury specjalistycznej. Do sformułowania ostatecznych wniosków wykorzystano metodę syntezy. Wyniki. Praktyki dopingowe miały miejsce w wielu krajach. Od 1956 r. notuje się stosowanie wspomagania organizmów sportsmenek za pomocą testosteronu. Z czasem doszły bardziej udoskonalone niedozwolone środki oraz metody, takie jak np. doping ciążowy. Najbardziej zorganizowany doping pod kuratelą państwa miał miejsce w NRD, RFN, ZSRR, Chinach, USA, Kenii i w Polsce. Wnioski. W latach 50. XX w. zawodniczki – zwłaszcza w Związku Radzieckim – sporadycznie przyjmowały testosteron oraz steroidy anaboliczno-androgenne. Później liczba stosowanych środków dopingujących systematycznie rosła. Na większą skalę zaczęto je przyjmować dopiero w latach 70. i 80. XX w. Próbą zapanowania nad tym zjawiskiem są badania antydopingowe, jednak chęć zwycięstwa często przeważa nad zdrowym rozsądkiem.
Background. The paper discusses the problem of doping in women’s sport in the 20th and 21st centuries. The use of performance-enhancing substances in female athletes was first detected in the 1950s. The governments of certain states developed a system to mask doping; anti-doping laboratories, e.g. in Kreischa in the GDR, had experience in the production and application of supporting drugs. The paper analyses the cases of drug abuse in sport in East Germany, West Germany, the Soviet Union, China, USA, Kenya, and Poland. Material and methods. The source material was interpreted with the use of historical studies methods: induction, deduction, comparison, and literature analysis. Synthesis was applied in formulating the final research conclusions. Results. Doping practices occurred in many countries. Since 1956, supporting female athletes with the use of testosterone was observed. With time, more sophisticated illegal methods were included, e.g. pregnancy doping. The most intensive state-supervised doping programs were carried out in East Germany, West Germany, the Soviet Union, China, USA, Kenya, and Poland. Conclusions. In the 1950s, testosterone and anabolic-androgenic steroids were sporadically used in women’s sport, especially in the Soviet Union. Then, the number of doping drugs systematically increased; they were administered on an almost regular basis in the 1970s and 1980s. Anti-doping tests are an attempt to overcome the phenomenon; however, the thirst for victory often defies common sense.
Źródło:
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 60; 118-134
0239-4375
Pojawia się w:
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wiedza i postawy trenerów w zakresie dopingu i przeciwdziałania temu zjawisku w sporcie
Knowledge and attitudes of sports coaches with regard to doping and counteracting doping in sport
Autorzy:
Sas-Nowosielski, Krzysztof
Szóstak, Wioletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-01-30
Wydawca:
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
doping
sport
trener
coach
Opis:
Background. The aim of the study was to establish the attitudes and knowledge of sports coaches with reference to doping and anti-doping policies. Material and methods. The study included 100 coaches representing 11 disciplines. They filled in an anonymous questionnaire assessing their knowledge of and attitudes toward doping. Results. The coaches’ overall anti-doping attitude is positive and quite strong (M = 4.55, SD = 0.65). The strongest partial attitude was toward sanctions for breaking anti-doping rules (M = 5.35, SD = 0.91), the weakest – toward the possibility of succeeding without doping (M = 3.92, SD = 1.35). In the three categories of knowledge items, the percentage of correct responses were similar: 54.17% for athletes’ rights and duties, 53.57% for doping control procedures, and 53.33% for banned performance-enhancing drugs. The main sources of information for coaches were the Internet and television. Conclusions. The anti-doping attitudes of coaches are positive but it seems necessary to increase their knowledge, especially with planned educational programs.
Źródło:
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu; 2016, 55; 77-83
0239-4375
Pojawia się w:
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thulium-doped optical fibers for fiber lasers operating at around 2 μm
Autorzy:
Kasik, I.
Kamradek, M.
Aubrecht, J.
Peterka, P.
Podrazky, O.
Cajzl, J.
Mrazek, J.
Honzatko, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200843.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
optical fiber
fiber laser
thulium
aluminum oxide
nanoparticles
solution doping
nanoparticle doping
Opis:
The paper deals with spectral and lasing characteristics of thulium-doped optical fibers fabricated by means of two doping techniques, i.e. via a conventional solution-doping method and via a nanoparticle-doping method. The difference in fabrication was the application of a suspension of aluminum oxide nanoparticles of defined size instead of a conventional chloride-containing solution. Samples of thulium-doped silica fibers having nearly identical chemical composition and wave guiding properties were fabricated. The sample fabricated by means of the nanoparticle-doping method exhibited longer lifetime, reflecting other observations and the trend already observed with the fibers doped with erbium and aluminum nanoparticles. The fiber fabricated by means of the nanoparticle-doping method exhibited a lower lasing threshold (by »20%) and higher slope efficiency (by »5% rel.). All these observed differences are not extensive and deserve more in-depth research; they may imply a positive influence of the nanoparticle approach on properties of rare-earth-doped fibers for fiber lasers.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2019, 67, 5; 981-986
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude in the Field of Doping in Young Athletes of Team Games
Autorzy:
Duda, Henryk
Stuła, Aleksander
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026888.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
doping
youth
sports games
knowledge
Opis:
Contemporary sport is becoming more and more commercialized, hence the players strive to win at all costs, and to achieve this goal, they consider all means to be allowed. In order to be constantly on top, competitors change their training methods, use various aids, and finally direct their interests towards doping. Doping is considered to be the use of substances and all means intended to artificially increase physical fitness during sports competitions, which may be harmful to the ethics of sport or cause mental and physical harm to athletes. The aim of the research is to assess the knowledge of the problem and attitudes of young people practicing sports games towards the dangers of doping. Assessment of knowledge on the effects of the use of illicit means, and analysis of opinion on the use of doping and strengthening mechanisms for the adoption of pharmacological agents. Research on the knowledge about the use of support measures and doping in sport was carried out among talented youth practicing team sports games in randomly selected clubs of Małopolska, Silesia, Podkarpacie and Opole. Continuation studies were conducted in 2018-2020, they covered 60 girls and 60 boys, aged 16 years. The research was carried out using a questionnaire, the questions of which concerned the following problems: knowledge of the essence of sports doping, the relationship between doping and the principle of fair play in sport, support used in physical recreation, reasons for the use of doping, moral and criminal liability in the use of doping. When analyzing the results of the research, it should be noted that the use of doping in sport is negatively perceived by the examined youth. However, it can be assumed that the knowledge about the support and the problem of doping in sport is insufficient. Setting the main goal - sports success and the related financial rewards, as well as the willingness to be the best in the opinion of the respondents may narrow the boundaries, which may facilitate the decision to use support and doping. These observations seem to be very disturbing, as the analysis of research data concerns young people practicing sports at the stage of education and the utilitarian nature of physical activity.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2022, 37; 57-63
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Erbium and Al2O3 nanocrystals-doped silica optical fibers
Autorzy:
Kasik, I.
Podrazky, O.
Mrazek, J.
Cajzl, J.
Aubrecht, J.
Probostova, J.
Peterka, P.
Honzatko, P.
Dhar, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
włókna optyczne
nanokryształy
doping ziem rzadkich
luminescencja
optical fibers
nanocrystals
rare-earth doping
luminescence
Opis:
Fibre lasers and inherently rare-earth-doped optical fibers nowadays pass through a new period of their progress aiming at high efficiency of systems and their high power. In this paper, we deal with the preparation of silica fibers doped with erbium and Al2O3 nanocrystals and the characterization of their optical properties. The fibers were prepared by the extended Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) method from starting chlorides or oxide nanopowders. Conventional as well as modified approaches led to a nanocrystalline mullite phase formation in the fiber cores in which erbium is dissolved. The proposed modified approach based on starting nanopowders led to improved geometry of preforms and fibers and consequently to the improvement of their background attenuation. Such nanocrystal -doped fibers can be used for ASE sources. Further improvement of fiber optical properties can be expected.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2014, 62, 4; 641-646
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Correction of the electric resistivity distribution of Si wafers using selective neutron transmutation doping (SNTD) in MARIA nuclear research reactor
Autorzy:
Tarchalski, M.
Kordyasz, A. J.
Pytel, K.
Dorosz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
silicon wafer
thermal neutron doping
silicon resistivity homogeneity
silicon resistivity heterogeneity
neutron transmutation doping (NTD)
selective neutron transmutation doping (SNTD)
MARIA nuclear research reactor
Opis:
The result of the electric resistivity distribution modification in silicon wafers, by means of selective neutron transmutation doping (SNTD) method in the MARIA nuclear research reactor at Świerk/Otwock (Poland) is presented. Silicon wafer doping system has been fully designed for the MARIA reactor, where irradiation took place. The silicon wafer resistivity distribution after SNTD has been measured by the capacity voltage (C-V) method. In this article we show first results of this correction technique. The result of the present investigation is that the planar resolution of the correction process is about 4 mm. It is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the resistivity distribution produced by thermal neutrons irradiation of Si wafer through a 3 mm hole in the Cd-mask.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 3; 363-367
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bigger, Stronger, Faster, czyli amerykański sen nie jest dla każdego, a sport to jedno wielkie oszustwo
Bigger, Stronger, Faster, or Rather, the American Dream Is Not for Everyone, and Sport is One Big Con
Autorzy:
Kępiński, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373139.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-04-24
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
popular culture
television
body
sport
illegal pharmaceutical doping
kultura popularna
telewizja
ciało
niedozwolony doping farmakologiczny
Opis:
The author analyses the 2009 documentary film Bigger, Stronger, Faster, which investigates the nature of American pop culture and sports. Writing from the perspective of cultural anthropology and sociology, he considers how ideas about the body and physicality are programmed by popular media culture and famous sports figures and celebrities, who are treated as models of masculinity and mass media heroes. He also raises the issue of the influence of illegal pharmaceutical doping on contemporary American sports. All these subjects serve to describe the form and functioning of America’s contemporary collective identity and the connection between the authorities, television, sports entertainment, and politics. The United States described in the documentary is a real and existing utopia, which Americans and other people have dreamt and still dream about, and which everyone believes in—not only the recipients of popular media culture and sports entertainment.
Źródło:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo; 2017, 61, 2; 103-124
2300-195X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stabilization Studies of Crystal Structure of Optimally Th-Doped Lead Zirconate Perovskite
Autorzy:
Elsabawy, Khaled M.
El-Hawary, Waheed F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1191373.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Crystal Structure
Doping
Perovskite
Visualization
XRD
Opis:
The optimally thorium-doped Pb0.9Th0.1ZrO3 was selected for studying thorium doping effect on the structural parameters of lead zirconate crystal. The investigations were made on the low concentrations range of thorium doping 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25 mole. The present investigations are concerned by confirming that thorium dopings play an important role as stabilizing agent inside internal structure of crystal lattice of Pb1-xThxZrO3 where x = 0.1 mole. XRD-measurements indicated that Thorium dopant substitutes successfully on the A-sites of lead zirconate without damaging the main crystal structure at x = 0.1 mole. Visualization and theoretical investigations were concerned by matching and comparison of bond distances ,torsions on angles of investigated compound to clarify success of thorium doping on the perovskite structure.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 33; 56-66
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Amelioration of Ultrasonic Transducer to Study CuO Doped Thin Films
Autorzy:
Barakat, M. A. Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasonic
thin films
doping
microstructure
wedge
Opis:
Ultrasonic pulse echo technique was used to study cupric oxide (CuO) thin films. CuO thin films were prepared using sol gel technique. They were doped with Lithium (Li) (1%, 2% and 4%). Thin films’ thickness (d) and band gap energy (Eg) were measured. In addition, elastic moduli (longitudinal (L), shear (G), bulk (K) and Young’s (E)) and Poisson’s ratio (v) were determined to estimate the microstructure properties of the prepared films. The study ameliorated the used transducers to overcome their dead zone and beam scattering; wedges were developed. The results showed the effectiveness of these wedges. They enhanced transducers’ sensitivity by changing the dead zone, beam diameter, beam directivity and waves’ transmission. Also, the study noted that Li doping caused the improvement of CuO thin films to be more useful in solar cell fabrication. Li-CuO thin films had narrower band gap. Thus, they acquired a high quantum yield for the excited carriers; also they gained more efficiency to absorb solar light.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2018, 43, 3; 487-495
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structure and Dielectric Properties of V and Y Disorder Doped SrBi2Nb2O9 Ceramics
Autorzy:
Afqir, Mohamed
Elaatmani, Mohamed
Zegzouti, Abdelouahad
Tahiri, Nabiha
Daoud, Mohamed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
molten salt method
Co-doping
characterization
Opis:
Y and V codoped SrBi2Nb2O9 ceramics, which have been characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM techniques, were prepared through molten salt using NaCl-KCl medium. Through X-ray diffraction analysis, all prepared samples were matched by undoped SrBi2Nb2O9. The lattice parameters do not depend on the amount of dopants. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the compounds are composed of small crystallites of varying size and orientation, resulting in many micros train defects. FTIR spectra revealed that the dopant promotes a slight decrease in the 612 cm-1 band. A plate-like morphology was revealed by scanning electron microscopy, while Nyquist plots indicate non-Debye relaxation for all compounds. V and Y were incorporated into SrBi2Nb2O9 lattice in order to reduce dielectric loss tangent. Thus, the codoping increases the of SrB1.9Y0.1Nb1.95V0.05O9 (Y0.1V0.05) ceramic whereas, they were significantly decreased in the case of SrB1.8Y0.2Nb2O9 (Y0.2) ceramic. Y0.1V0.05 sample makes up the highest efficient charge transfer, followed by Y0.2 sample representing the lowest.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 4; 1455--1458
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reversible electron charge transfer in single-wall carbon nanotubes
Autorzy:
Costa, S.
Bachmatiuk, A.
Borowiak-Palen, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
nanorurki węglowe jednościenne
domieszkowanie
Raman
SWCNT
doping
Opis:
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) have proved to be very special materials due to their unique electronic properties. Over the last years many scientists have dedicated their research to the study of the these materials as an electronic system. Amphoteric doping effects (n-type and p-type), which can be reversed, became a very popular way of manipulating the optic and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. In the particular case of SWCNT, the most common and widely used procedure, which changes their properties, is acid treatment applied as a purification procedure. The effect of the addition of this kind of the dopant has been widely studied but not fully understood so far. Here, we present a study, of two kinds of SWCNT, produced within different techniques: (i) chemical vapors deposition and (ii) laser ablation. The main difference between the two types is the diameter distribution of the obtained materials, which is broad in the first technique and narrow in the second. After the acid treatment it is possible to observe a diameter sensitive doping effect on both samples. Resonance Raman spectroscopy, optical absorption spectroscopy (OAS) in UV/Vis/NIR and the Fourier transform middle-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been applied for the characterization of the samples.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2008, 10, 2; 1-4
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Complexation of polyaniline with Lewis acids - a Mössbauer spectroscopy study
Autorzy:
Bieńkowski, K.
Oddou, J.
Horner, O.
Kulszewicz-Bajer, I.
Genoud, F.
Suwalski, J.
Pron, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148872.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
polyaniline
Lewis acid doping
Mössbauer effect spectroscopy
Opis:
Doping with Lewis acid is a new method for improving solution processibility of conductive polyaniline. We report here detailed Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of polyaniline complexed with Lewis acids containing Mössbauer active nuclei, namely SnCl4 and FeCl3. Films of Lewis acid doped polyaniline cast from nitromethane solutions show stoichiometries of PANI(MeCln)1(CH3NO2)1 (where n = 3 or 4, Me denotes Sn or Fe and PANI denotes one aniline repeat unit), which means that both types of polyaniline nitrogens (imine and amine) participate in the complexation reaction, and one solvent molecule is introduced in the polymer matrix per one Lewis acid molecule. Mössbauer parameters of polyaniline doped with SnCl4 are consistent with hexacoordinated Sn(IV) in an environment of non-equivalent ligands. The spectrum of PANI doped with FeCl3 consists of two doublets with distinctly different Mössbauer parameters, which can be ascribed to two types of complexing sites (amine and imine nitrogens). From the temperature dependence of the isomer shift and the recoil free absorption, we have calculated the Mössbauer lattice temperature, ?m, as probed by both complexing sites, which are 83 K for amine and 126 K for imine sites.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.1; 3-7
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 65

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