Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Analiza systemu zobrazowania temperaturowego w rotującym pocisku
Analysis of a thermal image system in rotating missiles

Autorzy:

Piotrowski, J.
Szabra, D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/234922.pdf

Data publikacji:

2007

Wydawca:

Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia

Tematy:

detektory
detectors

Opis:

Analizowano system zobrazowania temperaturowego rotującego pocisku zawierającego linijkę detektorową umieszczoną radialnie w płaszczyźnie obrazowej głowicy. Zbadano możliwość osiągnięcia dyskryminacji celu wymaganego do samonaprowadzania pocisku przy zastosowaniu detektorów Hg1-xCdxTe pracujących bez chłodzenia kriogenicznego. Wykrycie celu umożliwiają niechłodzone długofalowe fotodetektory dostępne handlowo. Dla uzyskania wyższych stopni dyskryminacji konieczne jest zastosowanie chłodzonych detektorów lub detektorów z immersją optyczną.
A thermal image system in the form of a radial linear array of detectors placed in the seeking head image plane of the rotating missile is analysed in the paper. The application of detectors made from the composition of mercury-cadmium-tellurium operating without cryogenic cooling to discriminate a target in self-guiding missiles is considered. The detection of targets can be provided by commercially available detectors whereas the achieving of a higher resolution level requires the detectors which are cooled or work with the optical immersion.

Źródło:

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia; 2007, R. 36, z. 104; 61-70
1230-3801

Pojawia się w:

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Theoretical study of back-to-back avalanche photodiodes for dual-band infrared applications

Autorzy:

Manyk, Tetiana
Majkowycz, Kinga
Rutkowski, Jarosław
Martyniuk, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204171.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich

Tematy:

IR detectors
HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes
excess noise
gain
dual-band detectors

Opis:

The dual-band avalanche photodiode (APD) detector based on a HgCdTe material system was designed and analysed in detail numerically. A theoretical analysis of the two-colour APD intended for the mid wavelength infrared (MWIR) and long wavelength infrared (LWIR) ranges was conducted. The main purpose of the work was to indicate an approach to select APD structure parameters to achieve the best performance at high operating temperatures (HOT). The numerical simulations were performed by Crosslight numerical APSYS platform which is designed to simulate semiconductor optoelectronic devices. The current-voltage characteristics, current gain, and excess noise analysis at temperature T = 230 K vs. applied voltage for MWIR (U = 15 V) and LWIR (U = –6 V) ranges were performed. The influence of low and high doping in both active layers and barrier on the current gain and excess noise is shown. It was presented that an increase of the APD active layer doping leads to an increase in the photocurrent gain in the LWIR detector and a decrease in the MWIR device. The dark current and photocurrent gains were compared. Photocurrent gain is higher in both spectral ranges.

Źródło:

Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 2; art. no. e145093
1230-3402

Pojawia się w:

Opto-Electronics Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

Depth Analysis of Crystalline Silicon Used for Radiation-Hard Detectors

Autorzy:

Moloi, S.
McPherson, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033420.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-10

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN

Tematy:

silicon
diffusion
XPS
detectors

Opis:

Depth analysis of metal-doped crystalline silicon by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique is presented in this work. The results from this technique are used to complement those from previous techniques. The metals diffused into the silicon are gold, platinum, erbium, and niobium. In silicon, these metals induce defects that are responsible for relaxation behaviour of the material. Relaxation material is radiation-hard since the effects of radiation on devices fabricated on the material are suppressed. Considerable amounts of gold, platinum, and niobium are found in the silicon bulk. The results of this work are in good agreement with those reported earlier on the same samples using the Rutherford backscattering technique. The spectra of the natural contaminants, carbon and oxygen, are also analysed in this work.

Źródło:

Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 4; 1387-1392
0587-4246
1898-794X

Pojawia się w:

Acta Physica Polonica A

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

Comparative assessment of point feature detectors in the context of robot navigation

Autorzy:

Schmidt, A.
Kraft, M.
Fularz, M.
Domagała, Z.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950804.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów

Tematy:

point features
detectors
descriptors

Opis:

This paper presents evaluation of various contemporary interest point detector and descriptor pairs in the context of robot navigation. The robustness of the detectors and descriptors is assessed using publicly available datasets: the first gathered from the camera mounted on the industrial robot [17] and the second gathered from the mobile robot [20]. The most efficient detectors and descriptors for the visual robot navigation are selected.

Źródło:

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2013, 7, 1; 11-20
1897-8649
2080-2145

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

2D material infrared and terahertz detectors : status and outlook

Autorzy:

Rogalski, Antoni
Kopytko, Małgorzata
Martyniuk, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818243.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich

Tematy:

2D material photodetectors
terahertz detectors
infrared detectors
graphene
BLIP performance
HgCdTe photodiodes

Opis:

Graphene applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices have been thoroughly and intensively studied since graphene discovery. Thanks to the exceptional electronic and optical properties of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, they can become promising candidates for infrared and terahertz photodetectors. Quantity of the published papers devoted to 2D materials as sensors is huge. However, authors of these papers address them mainly to researches involved in investigations of 2D materials. In the present paper this topic is treated comprehensively with including both theoretical estimations and many experimental data. At the beginning fundamental properties and performance of graphene-based, as well as alternative 2D materials have been shortly described. Next, the position of 2D material detectors is considered in confrontation with the present stage of infrared and terahertz detectors offered on global market. A new benchmark, so-called “Law 19”, used for prediction of background limited HgCdTe photodiodes operated at near room temperature, is introduced. This law is next treated as the reference for alternative 2D material technologies. The performance comparison concerns the detector responsivity, detectivity and response time. Place of 2D material-based detectors in the near future in a wide infrared detector family is predicted in the final conclusions.

Źródło:

Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 3; 107--154
1230-3402

Pojawia się w:

Opto-Electronics Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

2D material infrared and terahertz detectors : status and outlook

Autorzy:

Rogalski, Antoni
Kopytko, Małgorzata
Martyniuk, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818245.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich

Tematy:

2D material photodetectors
terahertz detectors
infrared detectors
graphene
BLIP performance
HgCdTe photodiodes

Opis:

Graphene applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices have been thoroughly and intensively studied since graphene discovery. Thanks to the exceptional electronic and optical properties of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, they can become promising candidates for infrared and terahertz photodetectors. Quantity of the published papers devoted to 2D materials as sensors is huge. However, authors of these papers address them mainly to researches involved in investigations of 2D materials. In the present paper this topic is treated comprehensively with including both theoretical estimations and many experimental data. At the beginning fundamental properties and performance of graphene-based, as well as alternative 2D materials have been shortly described. Next, the position of 2D material detectors is considered in confrontation with the present stage of infrared and terahertz detectors offered on global market. A new benchmark, so-called “Law 19”, used for prediction of background limited HgCdTe photodiodes operated at near room temperature, is introduced. This law is next treated as the reference for alternative 2D material technologies. The performance comparison concerns the detector responsivity, detectivity and response time. Place of 2D material-based detectors in the near future in a wide infrared detector family is predicted in the final conclusions.

Źródło:

Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 3; 107--154
1230-3402

Pojawia się w:

Opto-Electronics Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Quality assurance in radon SSNTD measurements : PHE experience

Autorzy:

Wasikiewicz, Jaroslaw M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148723.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

radon
passive detectors
quality assurance

Opis:

More than 40 years ago, Public Health England (PHE and its predecessor organizations) established a radon laboratory to deliver services for radon measurements in homes and workplaces in the UK [1]. A key factor in developing these services was to set up stringent quality control and assurance protocols to enable the delivery of reliable and accurate results. There are nearly 40 checkpoints in the process, most exceeding 94% pass rate, starting from a quality check of poly-allyl diglycol carbonate (PADC) polymer and ending with a result modified by seasonal and occupancy correction factors. This work aims to show how to obtain the reliable results of radon measurements.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 105-110
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Buried desires: motives for modern day treasure hunting in Poland
Zakopane pragnienia: motywy współczesnych poszukiwań zabytków w Polsce

Autorzy:

Mroczek, Diana

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313902.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

treasure hunting
metal detectors
archaeological heritage

Opis:

In 2018, an amendment to the Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments of 2003 was introduced in Poland, aimed at combating the problem of treasure hunting and its impact on national heritage. Despite the consequences, especially a potential penalty of up to eight years in prison, treasure hunting remains an attractive pastime for some. The article aims to find motives of treasure hunters through literature review and studying online forums, including a Facebook groups, to gather information for further action to protect the archaeological heritage. The author identifies seven main motivators of individual treasure hunters, which include: passion for history, adventure seeking, intellectual challenge, collecting, need for fame and recognition, personal satisfaction, and finally financial gain. Each of the above is explained and showed though treasure hunters own public admissions.

Źródło:

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2023, 28; 255-271
0239-8524
2450-5846

Pojawia się w:

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

Incomplete energy deposition in long CsI(Tl) crystals

Autorzy:

Siwek, A.
Budzanowski, A.
Czech, B.
Fomichev, A.
Gburek, T.
Rodin, A.
Skwirczynska, I.
Wolski, R.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147049.pdf

Data publikacji:

2002

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

nuclear interaction in solids
scintillation detectors

Opis:

We studied process of incomplete energy deposition in long CsI(Tl) crystals, caused by inelastic interactions of impinging nuclear fragment in the scintillating material. The secondary beam from the ACCULINNA fragment separator and the heavy-ion beam from the CELSIUS storage ring were used to measure the yield of this process as a function of the initial energy of incoming fragments. The functional fit to GEANT simulations will be used to correct the energy spectra from future experiments.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 4; 141-145
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Niechłodzone detektory fotonowe z (Hg,Cd)Te promieniowania 10,6 μm
Noncooled (Hg,Cd)Te IR photo detectors in range of 10.6 μm wavelength

Autorzy:

Niedziela, T.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312369.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"

Tematy:

detektor fotonów
detektor magnetoekskluzyjny
detektory podczerwieni w wysokiej temperaturze
photon detectors
high-temperature infrared detectors
magnetoexclusion detector

Opis:

W artykule dokonano analizy niechłodzonych (T=300K) fotodiod (PC) i detektorów magnetoekskluzyjnch (EMCD) promieniowania 10,6 μm. Obliczenia wykazały, że optymalne parametry fotodiod takie jak grubość czy domieszkowanie dla struktury na podłożu z poszerzoną przerwą energetyczną są inne niż dla konstrukcji z kontaktami omowymi na obu jej końcach. Ustalono optymalne parametry detekcyjne elementów dla fotodiod i detektorów magnetoekskluzyjnych z (Hg,Cd)Te pracujących w temperaturze pokojowej.
In range of 10.6 μm IR radiation an analysis of noncooled (T = 300 K) (PC) photodiodes and (EMCD) magnetoexlusion detectors with (Hg,Cd)Te was made. The basic detection parameters of these devices are limited by the noise resulting from statistical processes of thermal generation and carrier recombination. The parameter evaluation of related photodiodes demonstrates that the optimal parameters such as: thickness or structure doping on the substrate with a widened energy gap differs each other for structures with ohmic contacts at both ends. In the paper, for photodiodes and magnetoexclusion detectors with (Hg,Cd)Te the research results : optimal photosensitive detection parameters are presented for the room temperature (T=300 K) and acceptable large as well as small (5 and 0.5 W / mm2) densities of the dissipated power.

Źródło:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 12; 795-801
1509-5878
2450-7725

Pojawia się w:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

Eksploatacyjna zmienność właściwości metrologicznych metanomierzy
Exploitation variability of metrological parameters of methane detectors

Autorzy:

Miśkiewicz, K.
Wojaczek, A.
Wojtas, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185857.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technik Innowacyjnych EMAG

Tematy:

metanomierze
właściwości metrologiczne
methane detectors
metrological parameters

Opis:

W artykule przypomniano, że pomiary zawartości metanu w wyrobiskach kopalń podziemnych wykonywane są najczęściej przez systemy gazometryczne, wyposażone z reguły w metanomierze dwuzakresowe, wykorzystujące metodę katalitycznego spalania. Metanomierze te wymagają okresowej kalibracji. Praca metanomierza w trakcie kalibracji jest rejestrowana w centrali metanometrycznej. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy przebiegów kalibracyjnych metanomierzy. Tego rodzaju analiza pozwala na określenie, jak zmieniają się parametry metrologiczne metanomierza (głównie jego czułość) pomiędzy kolejnymi okresowymi (tygodniowymi) kalibracjami.
Methane concentration in underground mine workings is in most of the cases measured by gas monitoring systems, which are generally equipped with dual-band methane detectors basing on catalytic combustion. This type of methane detectors requires periodical calibration. Detector operation during its calibration is recorded in the central station of the system. The paper presents results of analysis of calibration changes in methane detectors. This type of analysis let determine how metrological parameters of a methane detector (especially its sensitivity) change between periodical (weekly) calibrations.

Źródło:

Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa; 2012, R. 50, nr 5, 5; 5-10
0208-7448

Pojawia się w:

Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

Compact terahertz devices based on silicon in CMOS and BiCMOS technologies

Autorzy:

But, Dmytro B.
Chernyadiev, Alexander V.
Ikamas, Kęstutis
Kołaciński, Cezary
Krysl, Anastasiya
Roskos, Hartmut G.
Knap, Wojciech
Lisauskas, Alvydas

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204176.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich

Tematy:

terahertz
teraFET
CMOS
THz emitter
THz detectors

Opis:

This paper reports on compact CMOS-based electronic sources and detectors developed for the terahertz frequency range. It was demonstrated that with the achievable noise-equivalent power levels in a few tens of pW/√Hz and the emitted power in the range of 100 μW, one can build effective quasi-optical emitter-detector pairs operating in the 200–266 GHz range with the input power-related signal-to-noise ratio reaching 70 dB for 1 Hz-equivalent noise bandwidth. The applicability of these compact devices for a variety of applications including imaging, spectroscopy or wireless communication links was also demonstrated.

Źródło:

Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 2; art. no. e144599
1230-3402

Pojawia się w:

Opto-Electronics Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

Modeling of HgCdTeLWIR detector for high operation temperature conditions

Autorzy:

Martyniuk, P.
Gawron, W.
Madejczyk, P.
Rogalski, A.
Piotrowski, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220771.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

HgCdTe
IR detector
Auger suppression
HOT detectors

Opis:

The paper reports on the photoelectrical performance of the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe high operating temperature (HOT) detector. The detector structure was simulated with commercially available software APSYS by Crosslight Inc. taking into account SRH, Auger and tunnelling currents. A detailed analysis of the detector performance such as dark current, detectivity, time response as a function of device architecture and applied bias is performed, pointing out optimal working conditions.

Źródło:

Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 2; 159-170
0860-8229

Pojawia się w:

Metrology and Measurement Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Ageing of cadmium telluride radiation detectors and its diagnostics with low frequency noise

Autorzy:

Andreev, A.
Sik, O.
Grmela, L.
Sikula, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221866.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

noise spectroscopy
CdTe radiation detectors
ageing process

Opis:

Samples of CdTe single crystals which are used as radiation detectors were periodically measured during a long time interval with different values of an applied voltage. The samples were also periodically exposed during long time periods to high temperatures of 390 K and to rapid changes of temperature from 300 K to 390 K. After 1.5 years of measurements we observed ageing of the samples which resulted in deterioration of their transport characteristics. The resistance of the samples increased significantly and current-voltage characteristics were unstable in time. Noise spectroscopy showed that low frequency noise can be used for detection of CdTe sample ageing as its spectral density increases significantly comparing to the 1/f noise of a high quality sample.

Źródło:

Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 3; 385-394
0860-8229

Pojawia się w:

Metrology and Measurement Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Theoretical modelling of MWIR thermoelectrically cooled nBn HgCdTe detector

Autorzy:

Martyniuk, P.
Rogalski, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201922.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

barrier detectors
unipolar barrier
nBn
HgCdTe
photodetectors

Opis:

The paper reports on the medium wavelength infrared (MWIR) unipolar barrier infrared detector (UBIRD) nBn/B-n type (n-type barrier) HgCdTe detector’s photoelectrical performance. The UBIRD nBn/B-n type HgCdTe detector was modelled using commercially available software APSYS. Detailed analysis of the detector’s performance (such as dark current, photocurrent, responsivity, and detectivity) versus bias voltage, operating temperatures, and structural parameters (cap, barrier, and absorber’s doping as well as cap and barrier compositions) were performed pointing out optimal working conditions. Both conduction and valence band alignments of the HgCdTe nBn/B-n type detector structure was simulated stressing their importance on detectors performance. It was shown that higher operation temperature (HOT) conditions achieved by commonly used thermoelectric (TE) coolers allow to obtain detectivities of D* = (3-10)×109 cmHz1/2/W at T = 200 K for detectors with cut-off wavelength of 5.2 ?m The differential resistance area product of RA = 0.15-0.4 cm2 at T = 230 K for bias voltage V = 50 mV was estimated. Finally, the state of the art of UBIRD HgCdTe nBn/B-n type detector performance was compared to InAs/GaSb/B-Al0.2Ga0.8Sb T2SLs nBn detector, InAs/GaSb T2SLs PIN and the HOT HgCdTe bulk photodiodes’ operated at near-room temperature (T = 230 K). It was shown that the RA product of the MWIR UBIRD nBn/B-n type HgCdTe detector can reach a comparable level to the state of the art of the HgCdTe HOT bulk photodiodes and two types of type-II superlattice detectors: PIN photodiodes and nBn detectors.

Źródło:

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2013, 61, 1; 211-220
0239-7528

Pojawia się w:

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

Teoretyczna analiza właściwości heterozłącza pP⁺ w temperaturze pokojowej za pomocą zaawansowanej symulacji komputerowej
Theoretical analysis of near-room temperature pP⁺ HgCdTe heterojunction using an advanced numerical method

Autorzy:

Gawron, W.
Jóźwikowski, K.
Kopytko, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/210677.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego

Tematy:

detektory podczerwieni
HgCdTe
heterozłącza
infrared detectors
heterojunctions

Opis:

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki obliczeń teoretycznych parametrów heterozłącza pP⁺ w temperaturze pokojowej wykonanych za pomocą zaawansowanej symulacji komputerowej. Dla porównania przedstawiono także wyniki obliczeń parametrów heterozłącza N⁺p. Wszystkie obliczenia wykonane są dla temperatury 300 K przy oświetlaniu złącza od strony obszaru silnie domieszkowanego promieniowaniem o długości fali 10,6 µm. Wykorzystano oryginalne metody i programy komputerowe opracowane w Zakładzie Fizyki Ciała Stałego.
We report on the results of theoretical calculation of near-room temperature HgCdTe pP⁺ heterojunction. The calculated parameters of pP⁺ junction were compared with parameters of N⁺p junction. All the analyses were done under 300 K temperatures after illuminating the structure from a highly doped layer by the light with a wavelength of 10.6 µm. We have taken advantage of original methods of numerical simulation using computer programmes prepared at the Institute of Applied Physics.

Źródło:

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2011, 60, 4; 161-176
1234-5865

Pojawia się w:

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

Infrared detector arrays in the detection, automation and robotics - trends and development perspectives

Autorzy:

Pręgowski, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114585.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich

Tematy:

IR FPAs
cooled & uncooled detectors
applications
markets

Opis:

Already in the 1970s, it was predicted that the scale of thermal imaging applications would be limited only by the imagination. It happened thanks to the elaboration of solid-state, Focal Plane Arrays of IR detectors (IR FPA) connected with electronics readouts (ROIC CCD). In the last 20 years, thanks to the appearance of uncooled detectors, and recently also photon detectors in the high operation temperature versions, cameras have become significantly smaller, lower weight, consume lower power and are cheaper. It made them more attractive for civil applications, with optimal adaptation to very different tasks. The aim of this study is to present a brief review of the specifics of non-pure-thermographic markets for these IR detectors. The growing interest of many markets, with more affordable prices of better and better detectors, and the available knowledge base, create good conditions for innovative projects and business programs.

Źródło:

Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2018, 64, 4; 82-89
2450-2855

Pojawia się w:

Measurement Automation Monitoring

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

CMOS Readout Circuit Integrated with Ionizing Radiation Detectors

Autorzy:

Szymański, A.
Obrębski, D.
Marczewski, J.
Tomaszewski, D.
Grodner, M.
Pieczyński, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226502.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

readout electronics
ASIC
SOI
ionizing radiation detectors

Opis:

This paper describes the work performed in ITE on integration in one CMOS chip the ionizing radiation detectors with dedicated readout electronics. At the beginning, some realizations of silicon detectors of ionizing radiation are presented together with most important issues related to these devices. Next, two developed test structures for readout electronics are discussed in detail together with main features of non-typical silicon proces deployed.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2014, 60, 1; 117-124
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Main results of the international intercomparison of passive radon detectors under field conditions in Marie Curie’s tunnel in Lurisia (Italy)

Autorzy:

Cardellini, F.
Chiaberto, E.
Garlati, L.
Giuffrida, D.
Leonardi, F.
Magnoni, M.
Minchillo, G.
Prandstatter, A.
Serena, E.
Trevisi, R.
Tripodi, R.
Veschetti, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146811.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

in-field conditions
intercomparison
passive detectors
radon

Opis:

In recent years a large number of radon intercomparison exercises has been organized; most of them took place in radon chambers, in reference atmosphere of the parameter to control (i.e. radon gas) under temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure stable conditions. In 2014, in the tunnel belonging to the Lurisia spas complex (Lurisia, Piedmont, Italy), with natural high concentrations of uranium and radon gas, an intercomparison exercise has been held to give to radon measurement services and laboratories the possibility to test their passive systems under field conditions, which are less controlled and much more challenging. The response of laboratories was very positive: 46 participants from 10 European countries and 3 non-European countries. Generally about 80% of results of participants were considered acceptable even if it was observed a global trend of a substantial underestimation of the actual radon concentration.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 251-256
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

Characterization of symbolic rules embedded in deep DIMLP networks : a challenge to transparency of deep learning

Autorzy:

Bologna, G.
Hayashi, Y.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91545.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi. Polskie Towarzystwo Sieci Neuronowych

Tematy:

ensemble
Deep Learning
rule extraction
feature detectors

Opis:

Rule extraction from neural networks is a fervent research topic. In the last 20 years many authors presented a number of techniques showing how to extract symbolic rules from Multi Layer Perceptrons (MLPs). Nevertheless, very few were related to ensembles of neural networks and even less for networks trained by deep learning. On several datasets we performed rule extraction from ensembles of Discretized Interpretable Multi Layer Perceptrons (DIMLP), and DIMLPs trained by deep learning. The results obtained on the Thyroid dataset and the Wisconsin Breast Cancer dataset show that the predictive accuracy of the extracted rules compare very favorably with respect to state of the art results. Finally, in the last classification problem on digit recognition, generated rules from the MNIST dataset can be viewed as discriminatory features in particular digit areas. Qualitatively, with respect to rule complexity in terms of number of generated rules and number of antecedents per rule, deep DIMLPs and DIMLPs trained by arcing give similar results on a binary classification problem involving digits 5 and 8. On the whole MNIST problem we showed that it is possible to determine the feature detectors created by neural networks and also that the complexity of the extracted rulesets can be well balanced between accuracy and interpretability.

Źródło:

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research; 2017, 7, 4; 265-286
2083-2567
2449-6499

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

A highly selective vehicle classification utilizing dual-loop inductive detector

Autorzy:

Gajda, J.
Stencel, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221403.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

inductive loop detectors
magnetic signature
vehicle classification

Opis:

In general, currently employed vehicle classification algorithms based on the magnetic signature can distinguish among only a few vehicle classes. The work presents a new approach to this problem. A set of characteristic parameters measurable from the magnetic signature and limits of their uncertainty intervals are determined independently for each predefined class. The source of information on the vehicle parameters is its magnetic signature measured in a system that enables independent measurement of two signals, i.e. changes in the active and reactive component of the inductive loop impedance caused by a passing vehicle. These innovations result in high selective classification system, which utilizes over a dozen vehicle classes. The evaluation of the proposed approach was carried out for good vehicles consisting of 2-axle tractor and a 3-axle semi-trailer.

Źródło:

Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 3; 473-484
0860-8229

Pojawia się w:

Metrology and Measurement Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Generation and diagnostics of fast electrons within tokamak plasma

Autorzy:

Sadowski, M. J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146620.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

tokamak
runaway electrons
ripple-born electrons
Cherenkov detectors

Opis:

The first part of this invited paper is devoted to mechanisms of the production of fast electrons in plasma experiments involving magnetic traps of the tokamak type. The phenomenon of generation of the so-called runaway electrons - which may reach energies up to several dozen MeV - is considered and basic characteristics of such electrons are described. In particular, the orbits of the runaway electrons and their energy limits are presented. Problems related to the cross-field transport in tokamak plasmas and interactions of the relativistic electrons with plasma oscillations are also considered. Production of the so-called ripple-born electrons, which may be observed in the energy range from approximately 50 keV to several hundreds keV, is analyzed separately. In the second part of this paper various diagnostic methods used for investigation of the runaway and ripple-born electrons are presented. Various techniques are described, which are based on different reactions induced by the runaway electrons, e.g., the emission of X-rays or neutrons, or the synchrotron radiation. Finally, a modern technique of electron measurements is described, which was developed by the author's team at the Andrzej Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies (IPJ) in Świerk (Poland), and which is based on the use of Cherenkov-type detectors. Examples of applications of the discussed techniques in different tokamak experiments are described. Particular attention is paid to the Cherenkov detectors, which have already been used in experiments at the small-size CASTOR device in Prague (Czech Republic), the ISTTOK machine in Lisbon (Portugal), as well as in the larger TORE-SUPRA facility in Cadarache (France).

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 85-98
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Calibration and applications of modern track detectors CR-39/PM-355 in nuclear physics and high temperature plasma experiments

Autorzy:

Malinowska, A.
Szydłowski, A.
Jaskóła, M.
Korman, A.
Sartowska, B.
Sadowski, M. J.
Badziak, J.
Żebrowski, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146906.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

PM-355 detectors
corpuscular diagnostics
nuclear-fusion applications

Opis:

Solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) have been used for the registration of charged particles practically since the beginning of the 1960s, when a new class of detectors, called dielectric track detectors, were discovered. The paper describes applications of the SSNTDs type PM-355 for diagnostics of fusion-reaction protons and other ions emitted from plasma focus (PF) devices, tokamaks and laser facilities. Such detectors were also used in biomedical experiments for beam profile measurements. The results of our calibration studies of SSNTDs as well as charged particle- and biomedical measurements, which were carried out within different facilities, are presented.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 15-19
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Investigation of corpuscular emission from the Prague Capillary Pinch

Autorzy:

Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
Baranowski, J.
Sadowski, M.
Kolácek, K.
Ripa, M.
Ctibor, P.
Kishinets, A.
Rupasov, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147142.pdf

Data publikacji:

2002

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

capillary pinch
corpuscular flux
track detectors
X-radiation

Opis:

The paper presents results of preliminary measurements of the corpuscular radiation from fast z-pinch discharges, which were performed at the Prague Capillary Pinch facility within a frame of the Czech-Polish scientific collaboration programme. Time-integrated measurements were performed by means of a pinhole camera, equipped with nuclear track detectors of the CR-39 type. In order to perform time-resolved measurements the use was made of a single Faraday-type collector and a double-cup system. It was demonstrated that the fast capillary discharges can emit not only pulses of intense visible radiation and soft X-rays, but also pulses of the corpuscular radiation. An optical analysis of the particle tracks was performed. The particle flux at a distance of 20 cm from the collimator outlet was estimated to be 3.5×107 particles/cm2.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 1; 31-37
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Accelerator and detector physics at the Bern medical cyclotron and its beam transport line

Autorzy:

Auger, M.
Braccini, S.
Ereditato, A.
Häberli, M.
Kirillova, E.
Nesteruk, K. P.
Scampoli, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147455.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

beam monitoring
medical cyclotrons
particle accelerators
particle detectors

Opis:

The cyclotron laboratory for radioisotope production and multi-disciplinary research at the Bern University Hospital (Inselspital) is based on an 18-MeV proton accelerator, equipped with a specifi cally conceived 6-m long external beam line, ending in a separate bunker. This facility allows performing daily positron emission tomography (PET) radioisotope production and research activities running in parallel. Some of the latest developments on accelerator and detector physics are reported. They encompass novel detectors for beam monitoring and studies of low current beams.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 1; 11-14
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

Comparison of silicon drift detectors made by Amptek and PNDetectors in application to the PHA system for W7-X

Autorzy:

Krawczyk, N.
Kaczmarczyk, J.
Kubkowska, M.
Ryć, L.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147502.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

plasma diagnostic
pulse height analysis
solid-state detectors

Opis:

The paper presents comparison of two silicon drift detectors (SDD), one made by Amptek, USA, and the second one by PNDetector, Germany, which are considered for a soft X-ray diagnostic system for W7-X. The sensitive area of the first one is 7 mm2 × 450 m and the second one is 10 mm2 × 450 m. The first detector is cooled by a double-stage Peltier element, while the second detector is cooled by single-stage Peltier element. Each one is equipped with a field-effect transistor (FET). In the detector from Amptek, the FET is mounted separately, while in the detector from PNDetector, the FET is integrated on the chip. The nominal energy resolution given by the producers of the fi rst and the second one is 136 eV@5.9 keV (at –50°C) and 132 eV@5.9 keV (at –20°C), respectively. Owing to many advantages, the investigated detectors are good candidates for soft X-ray measurements in magnetic confi nement devices. They are suitable for soft X-ray diagnostics, like the pulse height analysis (PHA) system for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, which has been developed and manufactured at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM), Warsaw, in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP), Greifswald. The diagnostic is important for the measurements of plasma electron temperature, impurities content, and possible suprathermal tails in the spectra. In order to choose the best type of detector, analysis of technical parameters and laboratory tests were done. Detailed studies show that the most suitable detector for the PHA diagnostics is the PNDetector.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 409-412
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

Time - and space - resolved measurements of high - energy ion beams emitted from PF - type discharges

Autorzy:

Kwiatkowski, R.
Sadowski, M. J.
Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
Zebrowski, J.
Malinowski, K.
Czaus, K.
Garkusha, I. E.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147518.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

ion beams
miniature scintillation detectors
PF-360 facility

Opis:

The paper presents experimental studies of the spatial-microstructure and temporal-characteristics of fast ion beams, which are emitted from high-current plasma-focus (PF) discharges performed within the PF-360 facility at National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) at Otwock/Świerk, Poland. The spatial structure of the ion beams was investigated by means of pinhole cameras equipped with solid-state nuclear track detectors shielded by absorption filters made of Al-foils of different thickness. In order to perform time-resolved measurements there were applied miniature scintillation detectors placed at different points of the ion-image plane.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 211-214
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

Evaluation of integrated vehicle detector for usage in ports

Autorzy:

Krawczyk, G.
Suda, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360785.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz

Tematy:

ITS
identification of vehicles
measuring devices
vehicle detectors

Opis:

This article presents equipment which monitors vehicles in sea ports and furthermore management of transshipment. A method and results of an integrated vehicle detector was presented. The studied unit represents the newest trend in building detectors, where one device applies a couple of detection methods. The studied device applied: passive infrared (PIR), ultrasonic and electromagnetic microwave radiation. The aim of the research was to describe how accurate the vehicle detector TT 298 acquires data. The evaluation pertained to: counting vehicles, describing structures according to the type, vehicle speed measurement.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2014, 38 (110); 50-56
1733-8670
2392-0378

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Możliwości wykorzystania czujników ruchu w transporcie
Possibility use of motion detectors in transport

Autorzy:

Łukasik, Z.
Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska, A.
Żurek-Mortka, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310546.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"

Tematy:

transport
czujnik ruchu
natężenie ruchu
motion detectors
traffic

Opis:

W artykule przedstawiono istotę zastosowania czujników wykrywających ruch głównie w dziedzinie transportu. Różnorodność aplikacji wykorzystujących działanie sensorów jest wynikową wymagań płynących z branż oraz ofert wielu różnych dostawców. Na rynku można odnaleźć szereg typów i wersji czujników, które różnią się strefą działania, obudową, rodzajem wyjścia, itp. Użycie odpowiedniego czujnika warunkuje utworzenie sprawnego systemu, jakim przykładowo są systemy pomiarowe natężenia ruchu na drogach, a co za tym idzie, wykorzystanie jego możliwości do badań i analiz w celu poprawy usług przewozowych oraz zagwarantowaniu bezpieczeństwa pasażerom.
The article presents the essence of using sensors to detect movement mainly in transport. The diversity of applications that use sensor’s operation is resulting requirements flowing from industries and offers a variety of vendors. At the market you can find a number of types and versions of the sensors, which they are different in the zone of action, housing, type exit, etc. The use of appropriate sensor determines the establishment of an efficient system, what for example can be measurement systems traffic on the roads and use of its features for research and analysis in order to improve transport services and ensuring passenger safety.

Źródło:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 12; 684-688
1509-5878
2450-7725

Pojawia się w:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Readout Electronics for Pixel Detectors in Deep Submicron and 3D Technologies

Autorzy:

Maj, P.
Szczygieł, R.
Gryboś, P.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227192.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

hybrid pixel detectors
deep submicron technology
3D

Opis:

We have designed, fabricated in 90 nm technology and tested a prototype ASIC for readout of semiconductor pixel detectors for X-ray imaging applications. The 4mm x 4mm readout IC is working in single photon counting mode and contains a pixel matrix of 1280 readout channels with dimensions of 100 µm × 100 µm each. We present the architecture, the measurement results of this IC and our conclusions. To make this chip more attractive for novel experiments, we need to further increase single pixel functionality and at the same time reduce the pixel area. This leads us to the 3D technology with at least two layers: analogue and digital and additionally the sensor layer. We present the concept of the 3D hybrid pixel chip design with small pixel size and the ability to build a dead-space free large area pixel matrix.

Źródło:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2011, 57, 4; 497-502
2300-1933

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Measurement of radon concentration in the air by PicoRad detectors

Autorzy:

Chau, N. D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146088.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

radon
PicoRad detectors
charcoal
adsorption
desorption
liquid scintillation

Opis:

The paper presents the theory and methodology of radon concentration measurement in the air by PicoRad detector, which consists of a porous canister held securely near the top of a plastic vial. The porous canister contains a bed of a controlled mass of charcoal (1.3 g) and silica desiccant (0.9 g). To measure the radon concentration, the vial detector is exposed in the radon laden air for a certain interval of time (24, 48 or 72 h or longer), then the liquid scintillation cocktail is added into the vial and measured by the help of a liquid scintillation counter. In this paper both radon adsorption by the charcoal detector, while it is being exposed in the radon laden air, and desorption of radon from the charcoal into the liquid scintillation cocktail were investigated. As a result, some conclusions concerning the methodology of radon measurement by PicoRad detectors have been done. The desorption factor of radon from the charcoal into the liquid scintillation cocktail was determined. The radon concentration values in the air measured by PicoRad detectors were in good agreement with those obtained by an AlphaGuard radon monitor.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 21-24
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

MTS-6 detectors calibration by using ²³⁹Pu-Be neutron source

Autorzy:

Wrzesień, Małgorzata
Albiniak, Łukasz
Al-Hameed, Hiba

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164008.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-10-17

Wydawca:

Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi

Tematy:

thermoluminescence
calibration
thermoluminescent detectors
neutron
neutron source
MTS

Opis:

Background Thermoluminescent detectors, type MTS-6, containing isotope ⁶Li (lithium) are sensitive in the range of thermal neutron energy; the ²³⁹Pu-Be (plutonium-and-beryllium) source emits neutrons in the energy range from 1 to 11 MeV. These seemingly contradictory elements may be combined by using the paraffin moderator, a determined density of thermal neutrons in the paraffin block and a conversion coefficient neutron flux to kerma, not forgetting the simultaneous registration of the photon radiation inseparable from the companion neutron radiation. The main aim of this work is to present the idea of calibration of thermoluminescent detectors that consist of a ⁶Li isotope, by using ²³⁹Pu-Be neutron radiation source. Material and Methods In this work, MTS-6 and MTS-7 thermoluminescent detectors and a plutonium-and-beryllium (²³⁹Pu-Be) neutron source were used. Paraffin wax fills the block, acting as a moderator. The calibration idea was based on the determination of dose equivalent rate based on the average kerma rate calculated taking into account the empirically determined function describing the density of thermal neutron flux in the paraffin block and a conversion coefficient neutron flux to kerma. Results The calculated value of the thermal neutron flux density was 1817.5 neutrons/cm²/s and the average value of kerma rate determined on this basis amounted to 244 μGy/h, and the dose equivalent rate 610 μSv/h. The calculated value allowed for the assessment of the length of time of exposure of the detectors directly in the paraffin block. Conclusions The calibration coefficient for the used batch of detectors is (6.80±0.42)×10⁻⁷ Sv/impulse. Med Pr 2017;68(6):705–710

Źródło:

Medycyna Pracy; 2017, 68, 6; 705-710
0465-5893
2353-1339

Pojawia się w:

Medycyna Pracy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

System do pomiarów charakterystyk widmowych detektorów promieniowania optycznego w szerokim zakresie temperatury
A system for measurement spectral characteristics in wide temperature range

Autorzy:

Ćwirko, R.
Ćwirko, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/210569.pdf

Data publikacji:

2009

Wydawca:

Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego

Tematy:

system pomiarowy
detektory UV
detektory VIS
detektory IR
pomiary fazoczułe
pomiary kriogeniczne
charakterystyki widmowe fotodetektorów
measurement system
UV detectors
VIS detectors
IR detectors
lock-in detection
cryogenic mesurements
spectral response of photodetectors

Opis:

W artykule przedstawiono zaprojektowany i wykonany w Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej (WAT) system do pomiarów charakterystyk widmowych detektorów promieniowania optycznego UV, VIS i IR w szerokim zakresie temperatury od 10 K do 450 K. System pomiarowy umożliwia także badanie wpływu temperatury na charakterystyki szumowe detektorów.
The paper presents an integrated system, developed at the Military University of Technology (MUT), used for measurements of spectral characteristic of UV, VIS, and IR detectors. The setup provides also the possibility of noise measurements in a wide temperature range - from 10 K to 450 K.

Źródło:

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2009, 58, 2; 407-417
1234-5865

Pojawia się w:

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Stacjonarne monitory promieniowania radioaktywnego w systemie kontroli radiologicznej
Stationary Radiation Monitors in Radiology Supervision System

Autorzy:

Szperkowska, M.
Michta, E.
Szulim, R.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153029.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010

Wydawca:

Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich

Tematy:

stacjonarne monitory promieniowania
systemy monitorowania
radiation detectors
monitoring systems

Opis:

W artykule zaprezentowany zostanie rozproszony system informatyczny przeznaczony do nadzoru pracy stacjonarnych monitorów promieniowania (SMP). W artykule zostaną zaprezentowane urządzenia SMP wraz ich możliwościami i wybranymi parametrami oraz przedstawione zostaną możliwości systemu informatycznego zbudowanego do ich nadzoru. System wykorzystuje nowoczesne technologie, takie jak technologie sieciowe, kamery video IP do dokumentowania zdarzeń oraz bazy danych do przechowywania informacji.
In the paper Stationary Radiation Monitors (SRMs) and a radiology control system based on them are presented. SRMs manufactured by the division Polon of the Relpol company are described. Selected parameters of the elaborated SRM and information system to supervise their work are outlined. Components of the SRM are shown in figure 1. The basic SRM components are gamma and neutron detection modules and a control module with a touch screen and thermal printer. SRMs are used for detection of nuclear and radioactive materials. SRMs presented in the paper are a new generation of gamma and neutron radiation detector devices and can be used on border crossings, airports, nuclear factories, etc. SRMs installed in the field can be configured and monitored by a local control module or remotely by a monitoring system. The monitoring system can manage up to 16 SRMs. The monitoring system collects information about the SRM current status and events generated by the SRM and stores them in a data base. The functional and program modules and the main window view of the monitoring program are shown in figures 3 and 4. The new generation of SRMs is equipped with intelligent IP cameras with pre-triggering function. This function allows tracing a picture up to one minute before the alarm occurs. Video pictures and alarms are stored in the monitoring system data base and can be displayed by the authorized personnel.

Źródło:

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 11, 11; 1287-1289
0032-4140

Pojawia się w:

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Archeologia w skupie złomu
Archaeology at the scrap yard

Autorzy:

Florek, Marek
Kokowski, Andrzej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2080019.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa

Tematy:

illegal search for monuments
metal detectors
portable archaeological objects

Opis:

The article discusses the problem of devastation of archaeological sites, the aim of which is to acquire portable historic objects but without the use of electronic equipment. This type of search, unlike the one carried out with the use of metal detectors, is not regulated by law. Examples of prehistoric metal ornaments and elements of clothing that have found their way to scrap yards indicate that archaeological finds are becoming a source of income for illegal prospectors or accidental finders, not as finds that can be sold to collectors but simply as a secondary raw material.

Źródło:

Raport; 2020, 15; 317-323
2300-0511

Pojawia się w:

Raport

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

The determination of the carriers recombination parameters based on the HOT HgCdTe current-voltage characteristics

Autorzy:

Manyk, Tetiana
Rutkowski, Jarosław
Madejczyk, Paweł
Gawron, Waldemar
Martyniuk, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074201.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich

Tematy:

HgCdTe
MWIR detectors
dark current
I-V characteristics
recombination

Opis:

A theoretical analysis of the mid-wavelength infrared range detectors based on the HgCdTe materials for high operating temperatures is presented. Numerical calculations were compared with the experimental data for HgCdTe heterostructures grown by the MOCVD on the GaAs substrates. Theoretical modelling was performed by the commercial platform SimuAPSYS (Crosslight). SimuAPSYS fully supports numerical simulations and helps understand the mechanisms occurring in the detector structures. Theoretical estimates were compared with the dark current density experimental data at the selected characteristic temperatures: 230 K and 300 K. The proper agreement between theoretical and experimental data was reached by changing Auger-1 and Auger-7 recombination rates and Shockley-Read-Hall carrier lifetime. The level of the match was confirmed by a theoretical evaluation of the current responsivity and zero-bias dynamic resistance area product (R0A) of the tested detectors.

Źródło:

Opto-Electronics Review; 2022, 30, 2; art. no. e141596
1230-3402

Pojawia się w:

Opto-Electronics Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

Ochrona radiologiczna portów lotniczych
Radiological protection of airports

Autorzy:

Michta, E.
Szulim, R.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153685.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich

Tematy:

stacjonarne monitory promieniowania
systemy monitorowania
radiation detectors
radiology systems

Opis:

W artykule przedstawiono system informatyczny przeznaczony do ochrony radiologicznej portów lotniczych. Przedstawiono podstawowe elementy bloku detekcji promieniowania gamma i neutronowego oraz rozwiązanie systemu informatycznego do ich zarządzania i monitorowania. Z uwagi na specyfikę obiektu jakim są porty lotnicze, ważnym elementem systemu informatycznego jest identyfikacja źródła promieniowania. Zaprezentowano rozwiązanie tego zagadnienia.
In the paper an information system designed for radiological protection of airports is presented. Basic elements of the block detecting gamma and neutron radiation (Fig. 1) and the block diagram of a computer system for managing and monitoring are outlined. The detection block is used for detection of nuclear and radioactive materials. Detectors presented in the paper are manu-factured by Polish Company Relpol Ltd. They are a new generation of radiation detectors and can be used at border crossings, airports, nuclear factories, etc. The detection blocks can be monitored by a local control module or remotely by an information system which can managed up to 16 detection blocks. The information system collects from the detection blocks the data about its current status and events and stores this information in its data base. Due to the fact that airports are a specific object, the important component of a radiological system is identification of the place of radiation sources. A solution to this issue is based on integration of the data from the detection block and a picture from an IP camera. The functional solution and the view of the main window of the radiology system with precise identification of the radiation source are shown in Figs. 4 -7.

Źródło:

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2011, R. 57, nr 11, 11; 1304-1306
0032-4140

Pojawia się w:

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Comparative Tests of Temperature Effects on the Performance of Gan and Sic Photodiodes

Autorzy:

Ćwirko, J.
Ćwirko, R.
Mikołajczyk, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221315.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

optical detectors
UV radiation
photodiode
GaN detector
SiC detector

Opis:

The paper presents a study of the performance of some selected UV detectors. Unlike many similar works, the obtained data refer to commercial photodiodes (not only to detector materials). The main task of the research was to determine the influence of the operating temperature and annealing on the detector spectral responsiveness. A comparison of the results obtained for the photodiodes made of GaN and SiC was also performed. Although both kinds of detectors can work at high temperatures for a long time, some modification of their properties was observed. However, for GaN and SiC photodiodes, this modification has a substantially different nature. It is very important for some applications, e.g. fire alarms and a military equipment.

Źródło:

Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 1; 119-126
0860-8229

Pojawia się w:

Metrology and Measurement Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Automatic vehicle classification in systems with single inductive loop detector

Autorzy:

Gajda, J.
Mielczarek, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221584.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

inductive loop detectors
magnetic signature
vehicle classification
classification algorithms

Opis:

The work proposes a new method for vehicle classification, which allows treating vehicles uniformly at the stage of defining the vehicle classes, as well as during the classification itself and the assessment of its correctness. The sole source of information about a vehicle is its magnetic signature normalised with respect to the amplitude and duration. The proposed method allows defining a large number (even several thousand) of classes comprising vehicles whose magnetic signatures are similar according to the assumed criterion with precisely determined degree of similarity. The decision about the degree of similarity and, consequently, about the number of classes, is taken by a user depending on the classification purpose. An additional advantage of the proposed solution is the automated defining of vehicle classes for the given degree of similarity between signatures determined by a user. Thus the human factor, which plays a significant role in currently used methods, has been removed from the classification process at the stage of defining vehicle classes. The efficiency of the proposed approach to the vehicle classification problem was demonstrated on the basis of a large set of experimental data.

Źródło:

Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 4; 619-630
0860-8229

Pojawia się w:

Metrology and Measurement Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

HgCdTe energy gap determination from photoluminescence and spectral response measurements

Autorzy:

Murawski, Krzysztof
Kopytko, Małgorzata
Madejczyk, Paweł
Majkowycz, Kinga
Martyniuk, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204344.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

infrared detectors
HgCdTe
photoluminescence
spectral responsivity
semiconductor energy gap

Opis:

The temperature dependence of photoluminescence spectra has been studied for the HgCdTe epilayer. At low temperatures, the signal has plenty of band-tail states and shallow/deep defects which makes it difficult to evaluate the material bandgap. In most of the published reports, the photoluminescence spectrum containing multiple peaks is analyzed using a Gaussian fit to a particular peak. However, the determination of the peak position deviates from the energy gap value. Consequently, it may seem that a blue shift with increasing temperature becomes apparent. In our approach, the main peak was fitted with the expression proportional to the product of the joint density of states and the Boltzmann distribution function. The energy gap determined on this basis coincides in the entire temperature range with the theoretical Hansen dependence for the assumed Cd molar composition of the active layer. In addition, the result coincides well with the bandgap energy determined on the basis of the cut-off wavelength at which the detector response drops to 50% of the peak value.

Źródło:

Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2023, 30, 1; 183--194
0860-8229

Pojawia się w:

Metrology and Measurement Systems

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Detektory fotonowe w warunkach pracy nierównowagowej
Photon detectors under unbalanced work conditions

Autorzy:

Niedziela, T.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/316323.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"

Tematy:

detektory fotonowe
ekskluzja
lokalizacja pojazdów
photon detectors
exclusion
vehicle location

Opis:

W pracy przeanalizowano podstawowe problemy wąskoprzerwowych detektorów podczerwieni w warunkach pracy nierównowagowej. Interesującym sposobem podwyższenia parametrów detekcyjnych, jest tłumienie generacji termicznej, poprzez głębokie zubożenie półprzewodnika w nośniki ładunków. Stałe zubożenie półprzewodnika można uzyskać wykorzystując zjawiska ekskluzji, ekstrakcji i magnetoekskluzji (magnetokoncentracji). Zaprezentowano teoretyczne i uzyskane eksperymentalnie parametry detekcyjne detektora podczerwieni wykorzystującego zjawisko magnetoekskluzji w temperaturze pokojowej. Połączenie różnych metod mogłoby umożliwić pracę detektorów fotonowych w temperaturze pokojowej, których wykrywalność byłaby ograniczona szumem fotonowym tła (detektory typu BLIP).
In the paper the basic problems of the narrow-gap infrared detectors were analyzed under unbalanced work conditions. There was shown that substantial manner improving of detecting parameters is limitations of thermal generation by mean the deep decreasing of current carriers. This can be done applying of exclusion, extraction or magneto-exclusion. Paper presents in this perspective the critical investigation of theoretical and experimental detecting parameters for the infrared detector which operate under magneto-exclusion at 300 K. Conclusion of carried out investigations is that applying at the same time exclusion and extraction in such infrared detectors allow to improve their parameters at 300 K, as then the detector photon noise can be substantially limited e.g. detectors BLIP type.

Źródło:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 12; 611-615, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725

Pojawia się w:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Detektory fotonowe w warunkach pracy równowagowej
Photon detectors operating under balance condition

Autorzy:

Niedziela, T.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312728.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"

Tematy:

lokalizacja pojazdów
detektory fotonowe
propagacja
vehicle location
detectors photon
propagation

Opis:

W artykule sformułowano problem propagacji pola elektrycznego i magnetycznego w wielowarstwowej strukturze. Ustalono warunki brzegowe dla typowego modelu detektora podczerwieni. Określono równania rozkładu gęstości i koncentracji nośników nadmiarowych prądu w elemencie fotoczułym. Zilustrowano widmową czułość i wykrywalność znormalizowaną nowej klasy fotonowych detektorów podczerwieni. Oceniono graniczne parametry detektorów średniej i dalekiej podczerwieni w warunkach pracy równowagowej.
In the paper the electromagnetic field propagation in the semiconductor multi-layer structures was formulated. Using these results for typical model of infrared detectors the limit conditions was determined. This was made by obtaining for photosensitive materials the equation describing the electrical current dependent from the density and concentration of redundant semiconductor carriers. Using this, for a new normalized class the spectrum sensitivity and detectivity of photon infrared detectors can be designed. Both these parameters are addressed for evaluation the detectors operating under balance conditions in the middle and far infrared ranges.

Źródło:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 12; 708-713
1509-5878
2450-7725

Pojawia się w:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

Determination of uranium concentrations in some building materials in Iraq

Autorzy:

Najam, L. A.
Tawfiq, N. F.
Yassen, Q. A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148408.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

uranium concentration
fission tracks
CR-39 track detectors
building materials

Opis:

Eleven commonly used building construction materials were collected from several origins in Iraq and analyzed for uranium concentration using a fission track technique. The results of measurements of uranium concentration ranged between 0.22 ppm in ceramics and 1.86 ppm in marble. The obtained results were well below the allowed limit of 11.7 ppm.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 2; 329-331
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H fusion in a small plasma focus operated in a deuterium helium-3 gas mixture

Autorzy:

Springham, S.
Sim, T.
Rawat, T.
Lee, P.
Patran, A.
Shutler, P.
Tan, T.
Lee, S.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147428.pdf

Data publikacji:

2006

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

plasma focus
deuterium
helium-3
fusion
CR-39
track detectors

Opis:

Abstract A 3 kJ plasma focus was operated with a 3He-D2 gas mixture, with partial pressures in the ratio of 2:1, corresponding to an atomic number ratio of 1:1 for 3He and D atoms. The fusion reactions D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H were measured simultaneously using CR-39 polymer nuclear track detectors placed inside a pinhole camera positioned on the forward plasma focus axis. A sandwich arrangement of two 1000 mi m thick CR-39 detectors enabled the simultaneous registration of two groups of protons with approximate energies of 16 MeV and 3 MeV arising from the D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H reactions, respectively. Radial track density distributions were obtained from each CR-39 detector and per-shot average distributions were calculated for the two groups of protons. It is found that the D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H proton yields are of similar magnitude. Comparing the experimental distributions with results from a Monte Carlo simulation, it was deduced that the D(3He,p)4He fusion is concentrated close to the plasma focus pinch column, while the D(d,p)3H fusion occurs relatively far from the pinch. The relative absence of D(d,p)3H fusion in the pinch is one significant reason for concluding that the D(3He,p)4He fusion occurring in the plasma focus pinch is not thermonuclear in origin. It is argued that the bulk of the D(3He,p)4He fusion is due to energetic 3He2+ ions incident on a deuterium target. Possible explanations for differing spatial distributions of D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H fusion in the plasma focus are discussed.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 47-53
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Absorbed doses for patients undergoing panoramic radiography, cephalometric radiography and CBCT

Autorzy:

Wrzesień, Małgorzata
Olszewski, Jerzy

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161887.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-07-17

Wydawca:

Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi

Tematy:

thermoluminescence
panoramic radiography
absorbed dose
CBCT
cephalometric radiography
thermoluminescent detectors

Opis:

Objectives Contemporary dental radiology offers a wide spectrum of imaging methods but it also contributes to an increase in the participation of dental radiological diagnosis in the patient’s exposure to ionizing radiation. The aim of this study is to determine the absorbed doses of the brain, spinal column, thyroid and eye lens for patients during panoramic radiography, cephalometric radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods The thermoluminescent dosimetry and anthropomorphic phantom was used for measuring the doses. The 15 panoramic, 4 cephalometric and 4 CBCT exposures were performed by placing high-sensitivity thermoluminescent detectors (TLD) in 18 anatomical points of the phantom. Results The maximum absorbed dose recorded during performed measurements corresponds to the point representing the brainstem and it is 10 mGy. The dose value recorded by the TLD placed in the thyroid during CBCT imaging in relation to the panoramic radiography differs by a factor of 13.5. Conclusions Cone beam computed tomography, in comparison with panoramic or cephalometric imaging technique, provides higher radiation doses to the patients. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(5):705–713

Źródło:

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 5; 705-713
1232-1087
1896-494X

Pojawia się w:

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

Comparison of characteristics of pulsed ion beams emitted from different small PF devices

Autorzy:

Sadowski, M.
Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
Baranowski, J.
Zebrowski, J.
Kelly, H.
Lepone, A.
Marquez, A.
Milanese, M.
Moroso, R.
Pouzo, J.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146809.pdf

Data publikacji:

2000

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

Faraday cups
ion beams
plasma focus
Thomson analyzers
track detectors

Opis:

The paper concerns studies of pulsed ion beams emitted from different small-energy (5–50 kJ) devices of the plasma focus (PF) type. Emission characteristics of the ion beams as measured with nuclear track detectors (NTDs), Faraday-type collectors (FC), and Thomson-type analyzers, are summarized. Common features of the ion emission are considered and some differences are discussed.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2000, 45, 3; 179-184
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

Analysis of dosimetric peaks of MgB4O7:Dy (40% Tefl on) versus LiF:Mg,Ti TL detectors

Autorzy:

Paluch-Ferszt, M.
Kozłowska, B.
Oliveira de Souza, S.
Freire de Souza, L.
Nascimento Souza, D.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148068.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Tematy:

thermoluminescent detectors
MgB4O7:Dy
LiF:Mg,Ti

Opis:

Magnesium tetraborate doped with dysprosium (MgB4O7:Dy) is known as a good thermoluminophor for personal dosimetry of gamma ray and X-ray radiation because of its high sensitivity and close tissue equivalence. This material can be produced by different routes. The sintered pastilles of magnesium tetraborate mixed with Tefl on (40%) used in this work were manufactured at the Federal University of Sergipe, Department of Physics by the solid-state synthesis. Magnesium tetraborate was already used for high-dose dosimetry, exhibiting linearity for a wide range of doses. In this work, the authors examined its main characteristics prior to potential use of detectors in everyday dosimetry, comparing this material to a widely used LiF:Mg,Ti phosphor. The following tests infl uencing dosimetric peaks of MgB4O7:Dy were presented: (1) the shape of the glow curves, (2) annealing conditions and post-irradiation annealing and its infl uence for background of the detectors, (3) the choice of the heating rates at the read-out and (4) the threshold dose, that is, the lowest possible dose to be measured. Simil ar tests were performed with LiF:Mg,Ti detectors, produced and widely used in Poland. The results were compared and discussed.

Źródło:

Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 1; 49-52
0029-5922
1508-5791

Pojawia się w:

Nukleonika

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Lung Cancer Risk Due to Radon in Different Brand Cigarette Tobacco in Iraqi Market

Autorzy:

Abdalsattar, Kareem Hashim
Ahmed Najam, Ahmed Najam
Abbas, Fadhel Hadi
Fadhil, Khaddam fuliful

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178355.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN

Tematy:

CR-39
Radon
effective dose
lung cancer
nuclear track detectors
tobacco

Opis:

Sealed can technique using CR-39 plastic track detector strippable has been used in order to measure radon concentrations to calculate the annual effective dose and lung cancer cases per year per million person for twenty different brand tobacco cigarette were collected from Iraqi market. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer, following tobacco smoke. Radon is not only an independent risk factor; it also increases the risk of lung cancer in smokers. It has been observed that tobacco smoking increases the risks of radon-induced lung cancer. Radon and cigarette smoking have synergistic, multiplicative effect on lung cancer rates. People who inhale tobacco smoke are exposed to higher concentrations of radioactivity. Ever since studies on the relation of smoking to cancer, particularly the lung cancer has been established, there had been a great interest in studies concerned with the monitoring of the alpha radioactivity in tobacco. The results showed that the 222Rn concentrations in cigarette tobacco samples ranged from (156.450 to 403.087) Bq/m3 with an average 284.751 Bq/m3, while the radon induced lung cancer risks was found to vary from 71.047 to 183.049 with an av¬erage value of 129.3107 per million person, and standard deviation 83.529 and 37.932, respectively. Excellent correlation has been observed between radon concentration and lung cancer cases per year per million person for different brand tobacco cigarettes.

Źródło:

World Scientific News; 2017, 77, 2; 163-176
2392-2192

Pojawia się w:

World Scientific News

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Detektor gazów z wykorzystaniem absorpcji fal elektromagnetycznych w zakresie środkowej podczerwieni
Gas detector based on the absorption of electromagnetic waves in the range of middle infrared

Autorzy:

Nowrot, A.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/187680.pdf

Data publikacji:

2011

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technik Innowacyjnych EMAG

Tematy:

detektory gazów
absorpcja fal elektromagnetycznych
gas detectors
absorption of electromagnetic waves

Opis:

Jedna z najefektywniejszych metod badania składu chemicznego gazów wykorzystuje absorpcję fal elektromagnetycznych w zakresie podczerwieni (infrared - IR). Przyrządy wykorzystujące to zjawisko od dawna są powszechnie stosowane w laboratoriach i umożliwiają wykrycie równocześnie bardzo wielu związków. Niestety są to urządzenia o dużych wymiarach i nie są przystosowane do pracy w atmosferze wybuchowej. Detektor gazów, którego koncepcja zostanie przedstawiona w niniejszym artykule, umożliwi oznaczenie stężenia tylko kilku wybranych związków w atmosferze np. metanu, lecz jednocześnie będzie się cechował mniejszymi wymiarami oraz dużo mniejszym poborem mocy w stosunku do urządzeń laboratoryjnych. Ponadto może zostać zaadaptowany do pracy w atmosferze wybuchowej. Projektowany detektor będzie pracował w zakresie środkowej podczerwieni, gdzie metan wykazuje najsilniejszą absorpcję promieniowania lR. Rozwiązanie to umożliwi uzyskanie większej czułości przyrządu w stosunku do dostępnych w handlu urządzeń tego typu wykorzystujących bliską podczerwień. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań, stanie się możliwe skonstruowanie w przyszłości komercyjnego nowoczesnego czujnika różnych gazów, konkurencyjnego wobec standardowych technologii.
One of the most efficient methods to examine the chemical composition of gases is the method which makes use of the absorption of electromagnetic waves in the range of infrared. The instruments which use this phenomenon have been commonly applied in laboratories and enable to detect many chemical compounds simultaneously. Unfortunately, these are large-size devices and are not adapted to work in explosion atmospheres. The gas detector presented in this article will enable to determine the concentration values of only few selected compounds in the atmosphere, e.g. methane. Yet, at the same time, it will have a smaller size and lower power consumption in comparison with laboratory apparatus. Additionally, the detector can be adapted to work in explosion atmospheres. The developed detector will work in the range of middle infrared where methane shows the strongest absorption of infrared radiation. This solution will allow to have a device which is more sensitive than near-infrared devices available on the market. Based on the conducted research it will be possible to develop a commercial version of a modern multi-gas detector which is going to be competitive with standard technologies.

Źródło:

Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa; 2011, R. 49, nr 5, 5; 23-26
0208-7448

Pojawia się w:

Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

A comparison of various imaging modes in scanning electron microscopy during evaluation of selected Si/refractory sessile drop couples after wettability tests at ultra-high temperature

Autorzy:

Polkowska, A.
Warmuzek, M.
Kalarus, J.
Polkowski, W.
Sobczak, N.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391383.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Odlewnictwa

Tematy:

scanning electron microscopy
sessile drop method
silicon
refractories
in-lens detectors

Opis:

In this work, FEI Scios^TM field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEG SEM) equipped with a unique combination of analytical and imaging detectors was utilized to examine structure and chemistry of selected Si/ refractory couples. The couples were obtained in wettability tests performed by the sessile drop method coupled with contact heating of a refractory substrate (h-BN, SiC) at ultra-high temperature (up to 1750°C). The SEM observations were carried out on top-views of the couples, in order to evaluate surface and interfacial phenomena in Si/h-BN and Si/SiC systems. A full range of available detectors (e.g. classical Everhart-Thornley detector (ETD) or advanced in-lens detectors) working under various operation modes (secondary electrons (SE), backscattered electrons (BSE), a mixed mode), were used upon analyses in order to reveal specific features of obtained structures.

Źródło:

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa; 2017, 57, 4; 337-344
1899-2439

Pojawia się w:

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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