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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 105
Tytuł:
Analiza systemu zobrazowania temperaturowego w rotującym pocisku
Analysis of a thermal image system in rotating missiles
Autorzy:
Piotrowski, J.
Szabra, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/234922.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia
Tematy:
detektory
detectors
Opis:
Analizowano system zobrazowania temperaturowego rotującego pocisku zawierającego linijkę detektorową umieszczoną radialnie w płaszczyźnie obrazowej głowicy. Zbadano możliwość osiągnięcia dyskryminacji celu wymaganego do samonaprowadzania pocisku przy zastosowaniu detektorów Hg1-xCdxTe pracujących bez chłodzenia kriogenicznego. Wykrycie celu umożliwiają niechłodzone długofalowe fotodetektory dostępne handlowo. Dla uzyskania wyższych stopni dyskryminacji konieczne jest zastosowanie chłodzonych detektorów lub detektorów z immersją optyczną.
A thermal image system in the form of a radial linear array of detectors placed in the seeking head image plane of the rotating missile is analysed in the paper. The application of detectors made from the composition of mercury-cadmium-tellurium operating without cryogenic cooling to discriminate a target in self-guiding missiles is considered. The detection of targets can be provided by commercially available detectors whereas the achieving of a higher resolution level requires the detectors which are cooled or work with the optical immersion.
Źródło:
Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia; 2007, R. 36, z. 104; 61-70
1230-3801
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical study of back-to-back avalanche photodiodes for dual-band infrared applications
Autorzy:
Manyk, Tetiana
Majkowycz, Kinga
Rutkowski, Jarosław
Martyniuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
IR detectors
HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes
excess noise
gain
dual-band detectors
Opis:
The dual-band avalanche photodiode (APD) detector based on a HgCdTe material system was designed and analysed in detail numerically. A theoretical analysis of the two-colour APD intended for the mid wavelength infrared (MWIR) and long wavelength infrared (LWIR) ranges was conducted. The main purpose of the work was to indicate an approach to select APD structure parameters to achieve the best performance at high operating temperatures (HOT). The numerical simulations were performed by Crosslight numerical APSYS platform which is designed to simulate semiconductor optoelectronic devices. The current-voltage characteristics, current gain, and excess noise analysis at temperature T = 230 K vs. applied voltage for MWIR (U = 15 V) and LWIR (U = –6 V) ranges were performed. The influence of low and high doping in both active layers and barrier on the current gain and excess noise is shown. It was presented that an increase of the APD active layer doping leads to an increase in the photocurrent gain in the LWIR detector and a decrease in the MWIR device. The dark current and photocurrent gains were compared. Photocurrent gain is higher in both spectral ranges.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 2; art. no. e145093
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Depth Analysis of Crystalline Silicon Used for Radiation-Hard Detectors
Autorzy:
Moloi, S.
McPherson, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
silicon
diffusion
XPS
detectors
Opis:
Depth analysis of metal-doped crystalline silicon by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique is presented in this work. The results from this technique are used to complement those from previous techniques. The metals diffused into the silicon are gold, platinum, erbium, and niobium. In silicon, these metals induce defects that are responsible for relaxation behaviour of the material. Relaxation material is radiation-hard since the effects of radiation on devices fabricated on the material are suppressed. Considerable amounts of gold, platinum, and niobium are found in the silicon bulk. The results of this work are in good agreement with those reported earlier on the same samples using the Rutherford backscattering technique. The spectra of the natural contaminants, carbon and oxygen, are also analysed in this work.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 4; 1387-1392
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative assessment of point feature detectors in the context of robot navigation
Autorzy:
Schmidt, A.
Kraft, M.
Fularz, M.
Domagała, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
point features
detectors
descriptors
Opis:
This paper presents evaluation of various contemporary interest point detector and descriptor pairs in the context of robot navigation. The robustness of the detectors and descriptors is assessed using publicly available datasets: the first gathered from the camera mounted on the industrial robot [17] and the second gathered from the mobile robot [20]. The most efficient detectors and descriptors for the visual robot navigation are selected.
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2013, 7, 1; 11-20
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
2D material infrared and terahertz detectors : status and outlook
Autorzy:
Rogalski, Antoni
Kopytko, Małgorzata
Martyniuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
2D material photodetectors
terahertz detectors
infrared detectors
graphene
BLIP performance
HgCdTe photodiodes
Opis:
Graphene applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices have been thoroughly and intensively studied since graphene discovery. Thanks to the exceptional electronic and optical properties of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, they can become promising candidates for infrared and terahertz photodetectors. Quantity of the published papers devoted to 2D materials as sensors is huge. However, authors of these papers address them mainly to researches involved in investigations of 2D materials. In the present paper this topic is treated comprehensively with including both theoretical estimations and many experimental data. At the beginning fundamental properties and performance of graphene-based, as well as alternative 2D materials have been shortly described. Next, the position of 2D material detectors is considered in confrontation with the present stage of infrared and terahertz detectors offered on global market. A new benchmark, so-called “Law 19”, used for prediction of background limited HgCdTe photodiodes operated at near room temperature, is introduced. This law is next treated as the reference for alternative 2D material technologies. The performance comparison concerns the detector responsivity, detectivity and response time. Place of 2D material-based detectors in the near future in a wide infrared detector family is predicted in the final conclusions.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 3; 107--154
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
2D material infrared and terahertz detectors : status and outlook
Autorzy:
Rogalski, Antoni
Kopytko, Małgorzata
Martyniuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
2D material photodetectors
terahertz detectors
infrared detectors
graphene
BLIP performance
HgCdTe photodiodes
Opis:
Graphene applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices have been thoroughly and intensively studied since graphene discovery. Thanks to the exceptional electronic and optical properties of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, they can become promising candidates for infrared and terahertz photodetectors. Quantity of the published papers devoted to 2D materials as sensors is huge. However, authors of these papers address them mainly to researches involved in investigations of 2D materials. In the present paper this topic is treated comprehensively with including both theoretical estimations and many experimental data. At the beginning fundamental properties and performance of graphene-based, as well as alternative 2D materials have been shortly described. Next, the position of 2D material detectors is considered in confrontation with the present stage of infrared and terahertz detectors offered on global market. A new benchmark, so-called “Law 19”, used for prediction of background limited HgCdTe photodiodes operated at near room temperature, is introduced. This law is next treated as the reference for alternative 2D material technologies. The performance comparison concerns the detector responsivity, detectivity and response time. Place of 2D material-based detectors in the near future in a wide infrared detector family is predicted in the final conclusions.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 3; 107--154
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quality assurance in radon SSNTD measurements : PHE experience
Autorzy:
Wasikiewicz, Jaroslaw M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148723.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radon
passive detectors
quality assurance
Opis:
More than 40 years ago, Public Health England (PHE and its predecessor organizations) established a radon laboratory to deliver services for radon measurements in homes and workplaces in the UK [1]. A key factor in developing these services was to set up stringent quality control and assurance protocols to enable the delivery of reliable and accurate results. There are nearly 40 checkpoints in the process, most exceeding 94% pass rate, starting from a quality check of poly-allyl diglycol carbonate (PADC) polymer and ending with a result modified by seasonal and occupancy correction factors. This work aims to show how to obtain the reliable results of radon measurements.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 105-110
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Buried desires: motives for modern day treasure hunting in Poland
Zakopane pragnienia: motywy współczesnych poszukiwań zabytków w Polsce
Autorzy:
Mroczek, Diana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
treasure hunting
metal detectors
archaeological heritage
Opis:
In 2018, an amendment to the Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments of 2003 was introduced in Poland, aimed at combating the problem of treasure hunting and its impact on national heritage. Despite the consequences, especially a potential penalty of up to eight years in prison, treasure hunting remains an attractive pastime for some. The article aims to find motives of treasure hunters through literature review and studying online forums, including a Facebook groups, to gather information for further action to protect the archaeological heritage. The author identifies seven main motivators of individual treasure hunters, which include: passion for history, adventure seeking, intellectual challenge, collecting, need for fame and recognition, personal satisfaction, and finally financial gain. Each of the above is explained and showed though treasure hunters own public admissions.
Źródło:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2023, 28; 255-271
0239-8524
2450-5846
Pojawia się w:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Incomplete energy deposition in long CsI(Tl) crystals
Autorzy:
Siwek, A.
Budzanowski, A.
Czech, B.
Fomichev, A.
Gburek, T.
Rodin, A.
Skwirczynska, I.
Wolski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
nuclear interaction in solids
scintillation detectors
Opis:
We studied process of incomplete energy deposition in long CsI(Tl) crystals, caused by inelastic interactions of impinging nuclear fragment in the scintillating material. The secondary beam from the ACCULINNA fragment separator and the heavy-ion beam from the CELSIUS storage ring were used to measure the yield of this process as a function of the initial energy of incoming fragments. The functional fit to GEANT simulations will be used to correct the energy spectra from future experiments.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 4; 141-145
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niechłodzone detektory fotonowe z (Hg,Cd)Te promieniowania 10,6 μm
Noncooled (Hg,Cd)Te IR photo detectors in range of 10.6 μm wavelength
Autorzy:
Niedziela, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
detektor fotonów
detektor magnetoekskluzyjny
detektory podczerwieni w wysokiej temperaturze
photon detectors
high-temperature infrared detectors
magnetoexclusion detector
Opis:
W artykule dokonano analizy niechłodzonych (T=300K) fotodiod (PC) i detektorów magnetoekskluzyjnch (EMCD) promieniowania 10,6 μm. Obliczenia wykazały, że optymalne parametry fotodiod takie jak grubość czy domieszkowanie dla struktury na podłożu z poszerzoną przerwą energetyczną są inne niż dla konstrukcji z kontaktami omowymi na obu jej końcach. Ustalono optymalne parametry detekcyjne elementów dla fotodiod i detektorów magnetoekskluzyjnych z (Hg,Cd)Te pracujących w temperaturze pokojowej.
In range of 10.6 μm IR radiation an analysis of noncooled (T = 300 K) (PC) photodiodes and (EMCD) magnetoexlusion detectors with (Hg,Cd)Te was made. The basic detection parameters of these devices are limited by the noise resulting from statistical processes of thermal generation and carrier recombination. The parameter evaluation of related photodiodes demonstrates that the optimal parameters such as: thickness or structure doping on the substrate with a widened energy gap differs each other for structures with ohmic contacts at both ends. In the paper, for photodiodes and magnetoexclusion detectors with (Hg,Cd)Te the research results : optimal photosensitive detection parameters are presented for the room temperature (T=300 K) and acceptable large as well as small (5 and 0.5 W / mm2) densities of the dissipated power.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 12; 795-801
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eksploatacyjna zmienność właściwości metrologicznych metanomierzy
Exploitation variability of metrological parameters of methane detectors
Autorzy:
Miśkiewicz, K.
Wojaczek, A.
Wojtas, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technik Innowacyjnych EMAG
Tematy:
metanomierze
właściwości metrologiczne
methane detectors
metrological parameters
Opis:
W artykule przypomniano, że pomiary zawartości metanu w wyrobiskach kopalń podziemnych wykonywane są najczęściej przez systemy gazometryczne, wyposażone z reguły w metanomierze dwuzakresowe, wykorzystujące metodę katalitycznego spalania. Metanomierze te wymagają okresowej kalibracji. Praca metanomierza w trakcie kalibracji jest rejestrowana w centrali metanometrycznej. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy przebiegów kalibracyjnych metanomierzy. Tego rodzaju analiza pozwala na określenie, jak zmieniają się parametry metrologiczne metanomierza (głównie jego czułość) pomiędzy kolejnymi okresowymi (tygodniowymi) kalibracjami.
Methane concentration in underground mine workings is in most of the cases measured by gas monitoring systems, which are generally equipped with dual-band methane detectors basing on catalytic combustion. This type of methane detectors requires periodical calibration. Detector operation during its calibration is recorded in the central station of the system. The paper presents results of analysis of calibration changes in methane detectors. This type of analysis let determine how metrological parameters of a methane detector (especially its sensitivity) change between periodical (weekly) calibrations.
Źródło:
Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa; 2012, R. 50, nr 5, 5; 5-10
0208-7448
Pojawia się w:
Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Compact terahertz devices based on silicon in CMOS and BiCMOS technologies
Autorzy:
But, Dmytro B.
Chernyadiev, Alexander V.
Ikamas, Kęstutis
Kołaciński, Cezary
Krysl, Anastasiya
Roskos, Hartmut G.
Knap, Wojciech
Lisauskas, Alvydas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204176.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
terahertz
teraFET
CMOS
THz emitter
THz detectors
Opis:
This paper reports on compact CMOS-based electronic sources and detectors developed for the terahertz frequency range. It was demonstrated that with the achievable noise-equivalent power levels in a few tens of pW/√Hz and the emitted power in the range of 100 μW, one can build effective quasi-optical emitter-detector pairs operating in the 200–266 GHz range with the input power-related signal-to-noise ratio reaching 70 dB for 1 Hz-equivalent noise bandwidth. The applicability of these compact devices for a variety of applications including imaging, spectroscopy or wireless communication links was also demonstrated.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 2; art. no. e144599
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling of HgCdTeLWIR detector for high operation temperature conditions
Autorzy:
Martyniuk, P.
Gawron, W.
Madejczyk, P.
Rogalski, A.
Piotrowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
HgCdTe
IR detector
Auger suppression
HOT detectors
Opis:
The paper reports on the photoelectrical performance of the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe high operating temperature (HOT) detector. The detector structure was simulated with commercially available software APSYS by Crosslight Inc. taking into account SRH, Auger and tunnelling currents. A detailed analysis of the detector performance such as dark current, detectivity, time response as a function of device architecture and applied bias is performed, pointing out optimal working conditions.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 2; 159-170
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ageing of cadmium telluride radiation detectors and its diagnostics with low frequency noise
Autorzy:
Andreev, A.
Sik, O.
Grmela, L.
Sikula, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221866.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
noise spectroscopy
CdTe radiation detectors
ageing process
Opis:
Samples of CdTe single crystals which are used as radiation detectors were periodically measured during a long time interval with different values of an applied voltage. The samples were also periodically exposed during long time periods to high temperatures of 390 K and to rapid changes of temperature from 300 K to 390 K. After 1.5 years of measurements we observed ageing of the samples which resulted in deterioration of their transport characteristics. The resistance of the samples increased significantly and current-voltage characteristics were unstable in time. Noise spectroscopy showed that low frequency noise can be used for detection of CdTe sample ageing as its spectral density increases significantly comparing to the 1/f noise of a high quality sample.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 3; 385-394
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical modelling of MWIR thermoelectrically cooled nBn HgCdTe detector
Autorzy:
Martyniuk, P.
Rogalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201922.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
barrier detectors
unipolar barrier
nBn
HgCdTe
photodetectors
Opis:
The paper reports on the medium wavelength infrared (MWIR) unipolar barrier infrared detector (UBIRD) nBn/B-n type (n-type barrier) HgCdTe detector’s photoelectrical performance. The UBIRD nBn/B-n type HgCdTe detector was modelled using commercially available software APSYS. Detailed analysis of the detector’s performance (such as dark current, photocurrent, responsivity, and detectivity) versus bias voltage, operating temperatures, and structural parameters (cap, barrier, and absorber’s doping as well as cap and barrier compositions) were performed pointing out optimal working conditions. Both conduction and valence band alignments of the HgCdTe nBn/B-n type detector structure was simulated stressing their importance on detectors performance. It was shown that higher operation temperature (HOT) conditions achieved by commonly used thermoelectric (TE) coolers allow to obtain detectivities of D* = (3-10)×109 cmHz1/2/W at T = 200 K for detectors with cut-off wavelength of 5.2 ?m The differential resistance area product of RA = 0.15-0.4 cm2 at T = 230 K for bias voltage V = 50 mV was estimated. Finally, the state of the art of UBIRD HgCdTe nBn/B-n type detector performance was compared to InAs/GaSb/B-Al0.2Ga0.8Sb T2SLs nBn detector, InAs/GaSb T2SLs PIN and the HOT HgCdTe bulk photodiodes’ operated at near-room temperature (T = 230 K). It was shown that the RA product of the MWIR UBIRD nBn/B-n type HgCdTe detector can reach a comparable level to the state of the art of the HgCdTe HOT bulk photodiodes and two types of type-II superlattice detectors: PIN photodiodes and nBn detectors.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2013, 61, 1; 211-220
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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