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    Tytuł:
    Ocena konsolidacji demokracji w Republice Czeskiej jako efektu ciągłości procesu demokratyzacji
    The Evaluation of the Democratic Consolidation in the Republic of Czech as the Effect of Democratization Process Durability
    Autorzy:
    Kubas, Sebastian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514598.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    process of democratization
    democratic consolidation
    Czech Republic
    Opis:
    The process of democratization leads to implementation of democratic values among society and institutional pattern in political system. It is a complicated and multi-staged road. Each stage and dimension has its own qualities. The article presents both theoretical conception of the process of democratization and empirical example of the Republic of Czech. There are some general and specific Czech qualities of all stages of the process of democratization: erosion of undemocratic regime, transition and democratic consolidation. The last one is evaluated in the article in the lime of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2017, 17; 73-94
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Impacts of Political Corruption on Democratic Consolidation and the Electoral Process in Nigeria
    Autorzy:
    Ebegbulem, Joseph C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038087.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
    Tematy:
    political corruption
    democratic consolidation
    godfatherism
    ethnicism
    democracy
    Opis:
    Since 1999, Nigeria has witnessed an uninterrupted democratic experiment with many challenges. With the installation of multi-party democracy in Nigeria, the era of military authoritarian regimes were over as Nigerians were looking forward to a free society characterized by social justice, economic growth and free, fair and credible electoral process. But today, democracy sits on the horn of a dilemma in Nigeria due to massive political corruption by the leaders. Free and fair election which is one of the features of true democracy has eluded Nigeria since the advent of the country’s nascent democratic dispensation. The behavior of the political leaders has cast doubt on any consolidation of democracy in Nigeria. This paper gives a comprehensive definition of political corruption and democratic consolidation, and highlights the nature of political corruption in Nigeria. The paper also examines the impact of corruption on the consolidation of democracy under the prevailing socio-economic challenges in Nigeria. Finally, the paper concludes with the advice that for there to be democratic consolidation, there must be massive investment in the provision of the basic needs of the Nigerian people.
    Źródło:
    Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2020, 21; 38-45
    2079-3715
    2309-1088
    Pojawia się w:
    Academicus International Scientific Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Original Sin of Poland’s Third Republic: Discounting “Solidarity” and its Consequences for Political Reconciliation
    Autorzy:
    Kubik, Jan
    Linch, Amy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929363.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-03-30
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    “Solidarity
    ”RoundTable
    (mnemonic) reconciliation
    collectivememory
    political rituals
    democratic consolidation
    Opis:
    “Solidarity” was one of the major causes of state socialism’s downfall and yet it has neither come to play an active and significant role in the Polish historical memory nor has it entered a canon of routinely studied “great” social movements. This neglect is related to (1) the lack of a symbolic closure of the communist period, (2) insufficient ceremonialization of “Solidarity’s” success, and the (3) the lack of public, symbolic closure of the Round Table process. A review of the literature on the problem of reconciliation after the fall of a non-democratic regime and the role of collective memory in this process allows us to argue that these three “errors” may be related to the low level of trust and the pervasive sense of corruption that are diagnosed in many empirical studies. In order to better understand these strategic errors of cultural policy we examine Poland and-briefly-several other countries where similar dilemmas were dealt with differently and, seemingly, with more success.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 153, 1; 9-38
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Weak Civic Engagement? Post-Communist Participation and Democratic Consolidation
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzyk-Reeves, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929482.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008-04-03
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    civic engagement
    civic sphere
    democratization
    democratic consolidation
    post-communist
    societies
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to analyze the problem of civic and political participation in the postcommunist context from the perspective of contemporary democratic theory, the concept of democratic consolidation, and the thesis of the “weakness of civil society in post-communist countries.” It argues that the institutional approach to democratization and participation does not provide a full answer to the question of how democratic systems become consolidated and thus it needs to be supplemented by the cultural approach. The analysis of the patterns of democratic participation in post-communist countries, however, is further complicated by their background conditions, the burden of the communist past, and the model of democratization that they have undergone. Although it seems that a participatory, civil-society centred type of democratic politics would revitalize and strengthen democracy in post-communist countries, two questions-addressed in this article-arise. First, whether contemporary democratic theories shed enough light on the processes involved when it comes to a democratic change and democratic consolidation in the post-communist context, and second, whether a weak civic sphere is a major impediment to the development of a truly democratic system.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2008, 161, 1; 73-88
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ten Years of Latvia in the EU - Reflections, Implications and Challenges
    Dziesięć lat Łotwy w UE - refleksje, następstwa i wyzwania
    Autorzy:
    Austers, Aldis
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454381.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny
    Tematy:
    integracja
    europeizacja
    umacnianie demokracji
    wzrost gospodarczy
    integration
    Europeanization
    democratic consolidation
    economic growth
    Opis:
    Pierwsze dziesięć lat członkostwa Łotwy w Unii Europejskiej przyniosło mieszane rezultaty. Z jednej strony, Łotwa odniosła ważne korzyści o charakterze geopolitycznym, zwiększyła się jej stabilność i bezpieczeństwo. Przystąpienie do UE sprzyjało wzrostowi dobrobytu, upodobnieniu łotewskiego społeczeństwa do rozwiniętych społeczeństw europejskich, a poszerzenia granic wolności dla Łotyszy. Z drugiej strony, Łotwa musiała znaleźć równowagę między jej interesami politycznymi i gospodarczymi, co było trudnym zadaniem, czasami dość przygnębiającym, prowadzącym do gwałtownych zmian w poziomie jej wzrostu gospodarczego. Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu członkostwa Łotwy w UE na łotewską państwowość i społeczeństwo. Przedstawiono też zmiany w podejściu Łotyszy do integracji europejskiej przed i po akcesji. Wskazano najbardziej wrażliwe kwestie, do których zaliczono stosunki z Rosją, zwłaszcza po jej inwazji na Ukrainie, oraz proces wyludniania się Łotwy na skutek emigracji i niżu demograficznego.
    The first ten years of Latvia's EU membership have delivered mixed results. On the one hand, Latvia has benefited a lot geopolitically, also due to its increased security and stability. The EU accession has promoted Latvia's welfare, transformed the society into one more akin to developed European societies, and extended the horizons of freedom to Latvians. On the other hand, Latvia had to strike balance between its political and economic interests, an intricate task which at certain moments proved rather disheartening, resulting in extreme volatility of Latvia's economic growth. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the EU membership on Latvian statehood and citizens. The development of Latvia's attitude towards the European integration before and after the accession is also presented. The most sensitive issues are highlighted and they include relations with Russia, in particular after its invasion in Ukraine, and depopulation process in Latvia due to emigration and demographic decline.
    Źródło:
    Unia Europejska.pl; 2014, 2; 31-41
    2084-2694
    Pojawia się w:
    Unia Europejska.pl
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Konsolidacja demokracji w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej: Rola społeczeństwa obywatelskiego
    Democratic consolidation in Central and Eastern Europe: The role of civil society
    Консолидация демократии в Центральной и Восточной Европе: Pоль гражданского общества
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzyk-Reeves, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691436.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    демократия
    демократизация
    гражданское общество
    консолидация демократии
    democracy
    civil society
    democratization
    democratic consolidation
    Southeast Europe
    Opis:
    Вопрос, поставленный в тексте, касается связи между консолидацией демократии в посткоммунистических странах и развитием гражданского общества. Сформулированные в политологии тезисы об этой связи, не являются очевидными и не выдерживают пробу временем. Тем более, что само определение условий консолидации демократического порядка, включает в себя различные измерения. Целью статьи является показание, что процесс консолидации демократии является очень сложным и одновременно проблематичным, так же как и роль, которую в этом процессе играет гражданское общество. И хотя невозможно ограничить понимание демократии до исключительно ее институционального аспекта, каждая попытка уточнения ее „субстанционного” характера, включающего в себя устойчивое гражданское общество и политическую культуру участия, не является очевидной, особенно в контексте обществ, которые проходили процесс демократизации в рамках разрозненных вызовов и традиций, которые перед ними стали.
    The main question of the article is the connection between democratic consolidation in post-Soviet states and civil society development. Even though such a thesis is very popular in political science, it cannot be borne out in present-day policy. And even if we describe democracy as a purely institutional arrangement, it’s impossible to ignore its substantial character. It certainly includes a dynamic civil society and participatory character of political culture. Given these issues, political analysis is very difficult for all researchers, especially because of the variety of traditions and beliefs.
    Źródło:
    Eastern Review; 2017, 6; 27-38
    1427-9657
    2451-2567
    Pojawia się w:
    Eastern Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Democratic Consolidation in Poland: Support for Democracy, Civil Society and the Party System
    Autorzy:
    Szawiel, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929568.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-01-05
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    democracy
    democratic consolidation
    diffused and specific political support
    civil society
    political parties
    social trust
    Opis:
    Democratic consolidation is a complex problem area. In this article it is analyzed, first, from the perspective of the concept of support for democracy, originally conceptualized by David Easton and then elaborated by Hans-Dieter Klingemann and Russell Dalton. Second, since democratic institutions and procedures do not operate in a void, the social context of civil society, social engagement and political parties are analyzed. As far as possible, the empirical analyses are conducted according to a complex and ramified theoretical model based on these concepts. Eleven European countries are analyzed including seven established democracies, three of which are historically Catholic countries (Spain, Italy, Ireland). In light of the importance of the communist legacy, the data for Germany are presented separately for western and eastern lands. The data presented in this article are derived from the most recent, publicly accessible research containing comparable information on all 11 countries, with a few minor exceptions.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2010, 168, 4; 483-506
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zagadnienie sprawiedliwości w procesie reform gospodarczych oraz konsolidacji młodych demokracji
    The Issue of Justice in the Process of Economic Reforms and in Consolidation of Young Democracies and How It Results on the Institutional Designing
    Autorzy:
    Nowotarski, Bartłomiej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904205.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
    Tematy:
    młode demokracje
    sprawiedliwość
    konsolidacja demokracji
    ekonomiczne reformy w młodych demokracjach
    young democracies
    justice
    democratic consolidation
    economic reforms
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu jest omówienie kwestii wartości, jaką może stanowić sprawiedliwość społeczna dla koniecznych reform oraz skutecznej konsolidacji młodych demokracji, powstałych na gruzach systemów totalitarnych czy autorytarnych. Szło będzie także o ustalenie, co z tego powinno wynikać dla twórców nowych, demokratycznych już, instytucji i dla konstytucyjnego (lub szerzej - instytucjonalnego) projektowania.
    The article examines the meaning of justice in the process of democratic consolidation and economic reforms in young democracies replacing totalitarian or authoritarian regimes. The authors discuss the impact of their findings on the institutional (constitutional) design of new democratic institutions in these countries.
    Źródło:
    Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2010, 3(13); 33-48
    1898-3529
    2658-1116
    Pojawia się w:
    Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Зовнішні дилеми політичної ідентифікації українців
    Zewnętrzne dylematy politycznej identyfikacji Ukraińców
    Autorzy:
    Новакова, Олена
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489412.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
    Tematy:
    transformation
    geopolitical orientations
    political identification
    social consolidation
    democratic values
    Opis:
    The author of the article notes that modern Ukraine is in a state of systemic transformation, the essence of which is to choose between conservative and modernization projects of the formation of Ukrainian statehood. This choice is compounded by the state of the socio-political crisis, military aggression and the weakness of its own geopolitical strategy. The leading factor in overcoming the modern challenges and the formation of a sovereign democratic state is the identification of citizens in public life, their consolidation around a common system of values. The processes of consolidation of Ukrainian society are clearly reflected in the dynamics of geopolitical priorities, as they serve as a unique marker of the citizens’ position in all the most important issues of political development. Together with their cultural and civilization choice, Ukrainians choose between democracy and authoritarianism, legal protection and corruption, equal cooperation in the international arena and the status of «younger brother». It is Ukraine’s role in the geopolitical environment that is crucial for its foreign policy aimed at forming strategic partnerships and effective protection of sovereignty in the international arena. At the same time, the main function of foreign policy is to compensate for internal problems and create favorable conditions for the realization and protection of national interests. The study of empirical indexes on the geopolitical orientation of Ukrainians made it possible to determine the main tendencies and peculiarities of the processes of foreign policy identification in modern Ukraine. It is noted that there is a rather active formation of a civil consensus around the Euro-Atlantic civilization’s choice. This is evidenced by an increase in the support of this choice in the national dimension and a marked convergence of regional positions on this issue. The conclusion is drawn about the formation of a stable tendency to strengthen the European integration orientations of Ukrainians. The continuation of military, political and cultural-information aggression of Russia makes the greatest influence on this tendency. The main motives of the European choice of Ukrainians are the desire for material well-being, legal protection and adherence to democratic values. In most cases, rapprochement with NATO is justified by the aspirations of the country’s security, reliable protection against aggressive actions, first of all, of Russia. In addition, the objective is to modernize the army in accordance with international standards and to increase the international prestige of Ukraine. The idea of Eurasian integration is noticeably losing its popularity, especially in the regions directly confronted with the military aggression of Russia (East and West). The idea of a kind of neutrality, that is, non-alignment with any unions, preserves the considerable support, mainly due to the passage of votes from the camp of opponents of rapprochement with the EU and NATO. The identified trends in the dynamics of the geopolitical priorities of Ukrainians are largely due to external factors and are still hardly supported by the domestic reforms of the country, as negative things such as corruption, low level of trust in power, slow pace of modernization of socio-economic sphere and low welfare of citizens persist. Under such conditions, the Ukrainian political elite should focus on the creation and implementation of effective strategies for integration and identification of citizens at the expense of real modernization of the economy and raising the standard of living.
    Źródło:
    Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2018, 8; 95-102
    2312-8933
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ kompetencji obywatelskich na poziom konsolidacji demokracji w Polsce
    The influence of the civil competences on the level of the democracy consolidation in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Karnowska, Danuta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514707.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
    Tematy:
    Political culture
    the civil competences
    democracy
    civil participation
    democratic values
    confidence
    the consolidation of democracy
    Opis:
    The civil competences may have a great influence on the level of the democracy consolidation. They are a mark of knowledge about the democracy, understanding the democracy mechanisms and also the trust to its institutions. This way of understanding the civil competences (especially for the participating kind of political culture) seem to be not enough developed in Poland, what is proved by the results of carried out and shown research. Also vthe idea of the necessity of the occurrence of civil competences, understood as the compulsion for the participating kind of political culture to work, might be exaggerated, because not always the knowledge about the democracy and its mechanisms and its institutions, must be connected with the civil activity.
    Źródło:
    Political Preferences; 2012, 3; 27-46
    2449-9064
    Pojawia się w:
    Political Preferences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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