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Tytuł:
The Right to Participate in the Consultations on the Participatory Budget in the Light of Legislation and the Case Law of Administrative Courts in Poland
Autorzy:
Lotko, Ewa
Zawadzka-Pąk, Urszula Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27310154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
participatory budgeting
case law
resident
Polska
Opis:
In the practice of the Polish local and regional government, participatory budgeting has been used since 2011, and was the first one introduced in Sopot. It is a form of consultation with residents on the allocation of a portion of the budgetary expenses of a unit of the local or regional government, most often a city. This is a special type of procedure in which residents participate in the creation of the budget of a city (municipality), thereby jointly determining the distribution of a certain pool of public funds. In the first years of the application of participatory budgeting in Poland, a very general legal authorization was used to allow consultations with residents. It was only after several years of grassroots use of participatory budgeting that it was regulated in the Polish legal system in the Act of January 11, 2018 amending certain acts. Since then, it has become a mandatory form of public consultation in cities with district rights. The procedure for participatory budgeting in municipalities is generally regulated in Article 5a of the Act on the commune-level local government. The application of participatory budgeting in Poland has resulted in an extensive case law of administrative courts, hence the purpose of this paper is to determine the group of those entitled to participate in public consultations on participatory budgeting in light of the law and the case law of administrative courts. Using the dogmatic-legal method enabled a positive evaluation of the adopted research hypothesis that the provisions of local law that designate the group of entities entitled to participate in participatory budgeting procedure is restrictive compared to the provisions of the applicable statute.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 2; 191-220
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How Polish Courts Use Previous Judicial Decisions?
Autorzy:
Tobor, Zygmunt
Zeifert, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/618743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
case law
argumentation
precedent
orzecznictwo
argumentacja
precedens
Opis:
In this article, the authors analyse the manners of applying prior rulings in the process of law enforcement by the Polish courts. Three aspects of this issue are examined in sequence. Firstly, the manner of referring to rulings (e.g., quote, paraphrase, etc.). Secondly, situations, in which courts refer to other rulings (e.g., as a reference point, as an evidence of interpretative doubts, as a tool removing vagueness or ambiguity of a provision, as a methodological tip, as a legal basis of a ruling, etc.). Thirdly, the reasons for those acts of reference to appear. In conclusions, the authors juxtapose the analysis results with the practice of referring to judicial rulings, which is characteristic for countries applying the precedential law, and they also indicate basic differences between them.
W niniejszym artykule autorzy analizują sposoby wykorzystania wcześniejszych orzeczeń w procesie stosowania prawa przez polskie sądy. Rozważają kolejno trzy aspekty tego zagadnienia. Po pierwsze, sposób, w jaki orzeczenia są powoływane (np. cytat, parafraza itd.). Po drugie, sytuacje, w których sądy odwołują się do innych orzeczeń (np. jako punkt wyjścia, jako dowód wątpliwości interpretacyjnych, jako narzędzie usuwające nieostrość czy wieloznaczność przepisu, jako wskazówka metodologiczna, jako podstawa prawna orzeczenia itd.). Po trzecie, powody, dla których odwołania te się pojawiają. We wnioskach autorzy zestawiają wyniki analizy z praktyką powoływania orzeczeń sądowych charakterystyczną dla krajów prawa precedensowego i wskazują na podstawowe różnice.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2018, 27, 1
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The culture of referendum in Albania: Technical and theoritecal reflections on the abrogative referendum
Autorzy:
Pajo Bala, Valbona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
democracy; referendum; abrogative; judicial review; case-law
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to analyse the Albanian constitutional and legal framework on referenda, in general, focusing special attention to the abrogative referenda of a law or part thereof. Given the absence of any concrete case of an abrogative referenda held in Albania, which does not creates very much room for discussion in that regard, the paper, through a comparative approach on the referenda culture in other european states, aims at offering to the reader a more complete view on the mechanisms and guarantees enjoyed by voters and the effective way of their use, in order to give life to the direct democracy, but without replacing the representative one. In addition, part of the analyses will be the powers of the Constitutional Court for the ex ante constitutional review of the issue subject to a referendum, the review of constitutionality of the referndum and of its results. In this context, the paper will focus on the constitutional case-law as a tool for increasing the referenda culture and shaping the constitional order, as well as a source of standards and values. Another objective of the paper is to open a discussion on the need for the reception of referenda-related standards elaborated in those European countries, where the culture of helding a referenda and the case-law on the regard is enriched and may serve as a qualitative basis for further reference.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2014, 09; 29-42
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stare decisis and information abundance in a common law jurisdiction
Autorzy:
Roscoe, Emily
Szypszak, Charles
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
legal research
case law
stare decisis
common law
American law
Opis:
In a common law jurisdiction, according to the principle of stare decisis judges are bound to interpret a constitutional or common law principle by applying authoritative cases already decided. Parties in disputes pending before the courts must find and assess the prior cases on which they can expect that judges will rely. Not very long ago, research for such precedent involved reviewing known cases and linking them to other cases using topical digests and citators. Success with this approach required a patient, persistent, thorough, and open-minded methodology. Modern information accessibility gives previously unimaginable quick access to cases, including with tools that promise to predict judicial tendencies. But this technological accessibility can have negative side effects, including a diminished research aptitude and a stilted capacity to synthesize information. It can also lead to an inadequate account of the human factors that often cause judges to depart from predictions based on logical inference from prior cases. This article considers the extent to which the identification of precedent is essential in legal analysis, yet is of limited value in predictability as a result of judges’ unavoidably human perspectives. With examples from landmark cases, the article illustrates that judges sometimes make decisions based on considerations that will not be revealed in a mechanistic application of precedent. The article considers how evolving legal research tools and methods give access to precedent that in some respects makes the process more scientific, but in other respects can obscure the realities of how cases are decided. The article also gives examples of this paradox as demonstrated by today’s students who are learning how to do research, drawn from years of the authors’ teaching experience.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 49, 2; 7-32
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Submission of the point of law which raises serious doubts in civil proceedings for the resolution by the Supreme Court
Autorzy:
Sekuła-Leleno, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2206897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-15
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
points of law
Supreme Court
uniformity of the case-law
Opis:
The institution of questions of law, as a result of which the court ruling in the case is bound by the view of the Supreme Court expressed in its resolution, is an exception to the constitutional principle of subordination of judges solely to the Constitution and statues (Article 178(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland). The point of law which raises serious doubts because divergent interpretation of the same provision exist in the case-law could be submitted when in the opinion of the appellate court each of these interpretations can be adopted in view of its significant legal arguments, and neither the position of the jurisprudence nor the doctrine of law explains which interpretation should be chosen. The point of law submitted to the Supreme Court for resolution under Article 390(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure must meet three basic requirements. Firstly, the point of law must be of an abstract nature and concern the interpretation of legal provisions, as it is unacceptable to present to the Supreme Court a question of law simply to get an answer on how to settle the case. Secondly, the point of law needs to concern a legal doubt which needs to be clarified in order to examine the legal remedy; in other words, in order to use the right set forth in Article 390(1) of the CCP, a link must exist between the presented point of law and a decision to be made on the merits of the case, and such link needs to be demonstrated through the juridical consistency of the point of law formulated at the outset and the reasons thereto, and through the proper reference to the facts of the case in such generally defined question of law. Thirdly, the point of law to be resolved needs to concern a legal issue which raises serious doubts; if ordinary doubts arise, the court of second instance needs to settle them on its own. The significance of the issue or the discrepancies in the jurisprudence and literature regarding the ways of its resolutions are not per se independent premises for raising a question of law.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2023, 17, 2 ENG; 135-151
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Harmonization of the protection against misleading commercial practices: ongoing divergences in Central European countries
Autorzy:
MacGregor Pelikánová, Radka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19090920.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
Unfair Commercial Practice Directive
harmonization
legislation
case law
misleading
Opis:
Research background: Modern European integration focuses on competition in the internal single market, embracing both competitiveness and consumer protection, and it aims at full harmonization in this arena. The hallmark, the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive from 2005, aims to overcome diverse social, political, legal and economic traditions. Is the implied protection against misleading practices an opportunity or a threat for Central European Regions? Purpose of the article: The primary purpose is to comparatively describe and critically assess the transposed legal frameworks. The secondary purpose is to study and evaluate their coherence in the light of the case law and their impact in Central Europe, in particular whether it represents an opportunity or a threat for the smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, i.e. boosting competitiveness and innovation along with consumer welfare. Methods: The cross-disciplinary and multi-jurisdictional nature of this paper, and its dual purposes, implies the use of Meta-Analysis, of various interpretation techniques suitable for legal texts and judicial decisions, of the critical comparison and of a holistic assessment of approaches and impacts. Legislation and case law are explored and the yielded knowledge and data are confronted with a field search and case studies. The dominating qualitative research and data are complemented by the quantitative research and data. Findings & Value added: For over one decade, the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive has required full harmonization of the protection against, among other items, misleading commercial practices, by legislatures and judges in the EU. The exploration pursuant to the two purposes suggests that this ambitious legislative and case law project entails a number of transposition approaches with varying levels of coherence, importance and impacts on the competitiveness and innovation of business and consumer welfare in Central Europe. Therefore, full harmonization should be either readjusted or relaxed.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2019, 10, 2; 239-252
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role and effects of case-law in the spatial competition an analysis of selected cases
Autorzy:
Nowak, M. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
case law
local zoning plans
spatial competition
zoning decision
Opis:
The aim of this article is to analyze selected administrative court rulings from the perspective of concepts and processes related to the spatial competition and to define the role of these courts as well as some of the current legal regulations in the spatial competition. The cases (current in the context of the case line) pending before the administrative courts, closely related to spatial conflicts have been meticulously analyzed. The cases concerning local zoning plans and decisions along with land development have been selected. Their results and excerpts of the justification have been combined with the rules of the spatial competition, consequently precisely defining the role of public authorities in determining specific land development.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN; 2017, 265; 172-180
0079-3493
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie zasady ignorantia iuris nocet w polskim postępowaniu administracyjnym. Ocena problemu pod kątem orzecznictwa sądowo-administracyjnego
The importance of the principle ignorantia iuris nocet in the polish administrative proceedings. The evaluation of the problem for the case-law of the administrative court
Autorzy:
Müller, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-31
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
procedura
administracja
zasady
orzecznictwo
the procedure
administration
principles
case law
Opis:
Zasada ignorantia iuris nocetpowszechnie funkcjonuje w polskim systemie prawnym, jednak jej znaczenie jest umniejszane poprzez konkretne przepisy prawne. Takim przepisem jest art. 9 k.p.a. wyrażający zasadę informowania stron, która nakłada na organy administracji publicznej obowiązek dbania o to, aby strony oraz inni uczestnicy nie ponieśli szkody z powodu nieznajomości prawa. Orzecznictwo sądowoadministracyjne wyznacza granice stosowania zarówno jednej, jak i drugiej zasady, co powoduje, że w danym przypadku jedna z nich będzie miała większe znaczenie. Prowadzi to do nieco odmiennego rozumienia paremii ignorantia iuris nocet w czasach szerszego dostępu do informacji prawnej również w związku z polskim postępowaniem administracyjnym.
The principle ignorantia iuris nocet commonly functions in the Polish legal system, but its meaning is belittled through specific legislation. One such a provision is Article. 9 of the Code of Administrative Procedure, expressing the principle of informing the parties, which imposes on the public authorities the duty to make sure that the parties and other participants have not suffered damage because of ignorance of the law. The case-law of administrative courts sets limits on the use of both principles, which means that in a particular case one of them will be of a greater importance. This leads to a slightly different understanding of the maxim ignorantia iuris nocet in the times of wider access to legal information, also in connection with the Polish administrative proceedings.  
Źródło:
Studia Prawnicze KUL; 2017, 4; 231-242
1897-7146
2719-4264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawnicze KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zarządzanie zatrudnianiem osób niepełnosprawnych – na przykładzie szpitali w Warszawie
Management of the employment of people with disabilities as practised in hospitals in Warsaw
Autorzy:
Machaj, Małgorzata
Lorkowski, Jacek
Kotela, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/437963.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
PFRON
orzecznictwo
dofinansowanie
aspekty ekonomiczne
case law
financing
economic aspects
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono aspekty ekonomiczne prowadzonej świadomie polityki zatrudniania osób niepełnosprawnych. Autorzy porównują zatrudnienie z grudnia 2013 roku w trzech warszawskich szpitalach, gdzie organem założycielskim jest dla CSK MSW w Warszawie Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych, dla Instytutu Matki i Dziecka Ministerstwo Zdrowia oraz dla Szpitala Praskiego p.w. Przemienienia Pańskiego, który od 1 lipca 2013 został przekształcony z Samodzielnego Publicznego Zakładu Opieki Zdrowotnej w Spółkę z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością, a organem założycielskim jest miasto stołeczne Warszawa. Dokonano analizy zatrudnienia pod względem grup zawodowych, zajmowanych stanowisk pracy oraz stopnia i kodu niepełnosprawności. Wykazano wyniki ekonomiczne szpitali przy świadomej polityce zatrudniania osób niepełnosprawnych. Zatrudnianie osób niepełnosprawnych przynosi korzyści nie tylko dla funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstwa, ale także buduje pozytywny wizerunek pracodawcy w oczach pracowników i kontrahentów. Wśród osób niepełnosprawnych jest bardzo dużo wysoko wykwalifikowanych pracowników, którzy są ambitni, sumienni i pracowici. Nieliczni pracodawcy zdają sobie sprawę jak ważną kwestią jest zatrudnianie niepełnosprawnych, a także o ulgach i przywilejach korzystających z tego tytułu.
This paper presents the economic aspects of implementing a conscious policy to employ people with disabilities and special needs. The authors compare employment at three Warsaw hospitals in December 2013. Those hospitals and their respective founding bodies were the Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior in Warsaw (the Ministry of the Interior), the Institute of the Mother and Child (the Ministry of Health) and the Praga Hospital of the Church of the Transfiguration of Our Lord, which was transformed from an Independent Public Health Care Organisation into a Limited Liability Company on 1 July 2013, and the founding body is the City of Warsaw. Employment is analysed in terms of occupational groups, jobs occupied and the degree and code of disability. So too, the economic performance of hospitals with a conscious policy to employ people with disabilities. Employing people with disabilities not only offers benefits to the operation of an organization, but builds a positive image of the employer in the eyes of employees and contractors. People with disabilities often are highly skilled employees. They are ambitious, conscientious and hardworking. Few employers appreciate the importance of employing of people with disabilities, or the incentives and benefits they are entitled to for doing so.
Źródło:
Medical Review; 2014, 3; 262-274
2450-6761
Pojawia się w:
Medical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Umowa powiernictwa w prawie polskim.
Trusteeship agreement in Polish law.
Autorzy:
Kłos, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/527840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
trusteeship
contract
fiduciary activities
trust
based primarily on case law
Opis:
The aim of the article is to show the problems of trust. Article explains the concept of „trusteeship”, presents its genesis and the entities and institutions associated with it. It also shows the types of activities and so-called trust „Fiduciary reservation”. This article contains a discussion on the types of.
Źródło:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo; 2015, 1; 69-85
1643-8299
2451-0858
Pojawia się w:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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