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Tytuł:
Analysis of air cargo traffic at airports in Nigeria and Ghana
Autorzy:
Adenigbo, Adedotun Joseph
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27324299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
Tematy:
air cargo
cargo types
origin flow
destination flow
cargo forecast
Opis:
Fluctuations that characterise airport traffic make planning for efficient operations difficult. This study examines air cargo traffic at Murtala International Airport, Lagos, Nigeria, and Kotoka International Airport, Accra, Ghana. The study focused on the trend of cargo volume, origin, and destination and forecasted the cargo volume at the airports. Air cargo data from 1991-2022 were collected from the Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) and Ghana Airport Company Limited (GACL). Descriptive techniques using line graphs and GIS mapping were used to analyse data. Time series techniques of moving and weighted averages, exponential smoothing, and least square techniques were used to forecast the cargo volume of the airports. The study found a characteristic fluctuating pattern of cargo flow. Nigeria’s dominating export cargo types are general goods, edible items, and hair attachments. Ghana’s dominating export cargo types were pineapple, general goods, and papaya. Germany, followed by Ethiopia and Turkey, dominate the origin of import cargo, while the United Kingdom, UAE, and Turkey dominate the destination of export cargo from Nigeria. Luxembourg, Turkey, and the UK dominate the origin of import cargo, while the UK, Netherlands, UAE, and Qatar dominate the destination of export cargo in Ghana. The least-square technique predicts 3.67% and 2.3% growth of cargo traffic in Nigeria and Ghana, respectively. An increasing trend in cargo volume was predicted for both airports. Both countries need to strategise on their relationships with other countries and develop policies that will increase cargo flow by air.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2023, 8, 2; 23--42
2520-2979
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Damage to palletized loads in road transport
Uszkodzenia ładunków spaletyzowanych w transporcie drogowym
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, Sławomir
Szpotański, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38955626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Transportu
Tematy:
cargo
cargo safety
cargo damage
sustainable development
ładunek
bezpieczeństwo ładunku
uszkodzenie ładunku
zrównoważony rozwój
Opis:
Manufacturers and operators of the logistics market are constantly looking for ways (opportunities) to reduce the costs of their operations. This also applies to all types of packaging. A conflict arises here between manufacturers and carriers. Producers will try to reduce the costs of collective packaging as much as possible (this packaging does not affect customers’ purchasing decisions), while for transport operations, this packaging will determine the safety and quality of transported cargo. Preparing the load for transport - properly selected packaging (its shape, resistance to pressure, etc.), and above all, the proper way of forming and securing PSU (pallet load units) is a very important issue for the manufacturer/sender (as the first link in the distribution chain). It has a huge impact on the formation of cargo damage during its transport. As part of the research conducted by the authors in the area of optimization of cargo securing costs and minimization of cargo damage, the lack of a systemic approach to the problem of cargo damage in road transport was observed. The article discusses the causes of damage to palletized loads during road transport and illustrates some of these damages. Identification of the causes of damage made it possible to classify damage to palletized loads, and in the future, it will allow the development of ways to limit them, the so-called good practices for securing palletized loads.
Zarówno producenci, jak i operatorzy rynku logistycznego stale poszukują dróg (możliwości) zmniejszenia kosztów prowadzonej działalności. Dotyczy to także obszaru wszelkiego rodzaju opakowań. Rodzi się tutaj konflikt między wytwórcami a przewoźnikami. Wytwórcy będą starali się maksymalnie obniżyć koszty opakowań zbiorczych (te opakowania nie wpływają na decyzje zakupowe klientów), podczas gdy dla operacji transportowych te opakowania będą decydowały o bezpieczeństwie i jakości przewożonych ładunków. Przygotowanie ładunku do transportu – prawidłowo dobrane opakowanie (jego kształt, wytrzymałość na naciski, itp.), a przede wszystkim właściwy sposób formowania i zabezpieczenia jłp (jednostek ładunkowych paletowych) jest bardzo ważnym zagadnieniem występującym u producenta/nadawcy (jako pierwszego ogniwa łańcucha dystrybucji). Ma ono ogromny wpływ na powstawanie uszkodzeń ładunków w czasie jego przewozu. W ramach prowadzonych przez autorów prac badawczych w obszarze optymalizacji kosztów zabezpieczenia ładunku i minimalizacji uszkodzeń ładunków zaobserwowano brak systemowego podejścia do problemu uszkodzeń ładunków w transporcie drogowym. W artykule omówiono przyczyny powstawania uszkodzeń ładunków spaletyzowanych w czasie przewozu transportem samochodowym oraz zilustrowano niektóre z tych uszkodzeń. Zidentyfikowanie przyczyn powstawania uszkodzeń umożliwiło dokonania klasyfikacji uszkodzeń ładunków spaletyzowanych, a w przyszłości pozwoli na opracowanie sposobów ich ograniczania tzw. dobrych praktyk zabezpieczania ładunków spaletyzowanych.
Źródło:
WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering; 2023, 137; 19-37
1230-9265
Pojawia się w:
WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Problem of Reducing Consumption of Stretch Film Used to Secure Palletized Loads
Problem ograniczenia zużycia foli stretch wykorzystywanej do zabezpieczania ładunków spaletyzowanych
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811587.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
stretch film
cargo
cargo damage
cargo securing
cargo securing methods
folia stretch
ładunek
uszkodzenie ładunku
zabezpieczenie ładunku
metody zabezpieczania ładunku
Opis:
Damage to cargo in transport occurs as a result of improper securing of cargo, which causes not only material losses due to partial or complete damage to cargo, but may threaten the safety of participants in the distribution of cargo in the distribution chain. Dangers, difficulties and costs caused by human errors in packing and securing cargo in all modes of transport can be remedied and certainly significantly reduced. The best way to achieve this goal is to build the awareness of the great need for proper packaging and securing the cargo in a way that ensures the safety of all participants in the distribution chain among producers, distributors and carriers. The article discusses the problem of rational use of stretch film as the most frequently used method of securing loads. Author indicated necessity to develop methods and procedures for the proper protection of palletized loads with the use of stretch film to reduce the amount of stretch film used while ensuring proper load security, increase the safety and better protection to the environment of the planet and its natural resources.
Uszkodzenia ładunków w transporcie powstają w wyniku niewłaściwego zabezpieczenie ładunku co powoduje nie tylko straty materialne, spowodowane częściowym lub całkowitym uszkodzenia ładunków, ale może zagrażać bezpieczeństwu uczestnikom dystrybucji ładunku w łańcuchu dystrybucyjnym. Takim niebezpieczeństwom i utrudnieniom a w konsekwencji kosztom spowodowanymi błędami ludzkimi przy pakowaniu i zabezpieczaniu ładunku na środkach transportu można zaradzić, a z pewnością znacznie je ograniczyć. Drogą do tego celu jest uświadomienie producentów, dystrybutorów i przewoźników o konieczność prawidłowego opakowania i zabezpieczania ładunku w sposób zapewniający bezpieczeństwo wszystkim uczestnikom łańcucha dystrybucji. W artykule omówiono problem racjonalnego zastosowania folii stretch, jako najczęściej stosowanego sposobu zabezpieczania ładunków. Wskazano na konieczność opracowania metody i procedur prawidłowego zabezpieczania ładunków spaletyzowanych przy zastosowaniu folii stretch co pozwoli na ograniczenie ilości zużywanej folii stretch przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu prawidłowego zabezpieczania ładunku, a w konsekwencji pozwoli zwiększyć bezpieczeństwo oraz lepiej chronić środowisko naturalne planety i jej zasoby.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2020, Tom 22, cz. 1; 359-375
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analytical basis of technology asymmetrical allocation of cargo masses common centre in wagons
Analityczne uzasadnienie technologii niesymetrycznego rozmieszczenia wspólnego centra mas ładunków w wagonach
Autorzy:
Turanov, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/374224.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
wagon
ładunek
cargo
Opis:
The article gives the account of results of the analytical basis of technology asymmetrical cargo allocation in a wagon during rolling stock movement on track un-evenness waves. The finite analytical formulas have been obtained for determination of response of wagon bogie spring sets in case of simultaneous displacement of cargo masses common centre longitudinally and sideways to the wagon, which make it possible to ground the cargo allocation according to admissible value of wagon vertical dynamic addition coefficient.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2009, 4, 1; 77-86
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of intermodal cargo traffic in Polish seaports
Autorzy:
Czermańska, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/111571.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Morski w Gdańsku
Tematy:
Polish seaports
cargo
Opis:
In the paper, general trends of intermodal cargo traffic through Polish seaports are discussed. The rates and directions of development of unitised cargo (in containers, containers on chassis, on trucks, trailers, rail trucks), transported in land-sea container, rolro and ferry traffic, are presented. The intermodal transport system is used in Poland since many years, and much experience was gained both with respect to organisation and to techniques of transportation. Though in the last years development of this system of transport faces numerous obstacles, and is limited by many factors, it nevertheless shows a general positive trend.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku; 2001, 28, 1; 15-22
1230-7424
2450-5536
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Classification of Damages of Palletized Loads in Road Transport and Its Impact on Environmental Protection
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
cargo
cargo damage
classification of damage
carbon footprint
environmental protection
Opis:
Cargo damage in extreme situations may threaten the safety of people participating in the further stages of the transport task in the distribution chain. Regardless of this, the damage also affects the unplanned extension of the delivery time or even prevents its further execution. The final and inevitable consequence is unplanned additional costs that will be charged to the shipper preparing the cargo for shipment. Additional costs will be incurred, direct (materials for repackaging and load securing, fuel, tolls, insurance) and indirect costs (carbon footprint of the materials produced and the fuel used by vehicles, increased traffic congestion, and the safety of road users). Their consequence will be an unnecessary increase in the pollution of the natural human environment. The article presents the classification of damage to palletised loads. The correctness of the proposed classification was to be achieved by analysing the results of surveys and broadly understood consultations with business entities dealing with the damage to palletised loads daily. The small number of completed questionnaires indicates the need to develop a new, less detailed questionnaire and a possible simplification of the proposed classification of damage to palletised loads. Based on the numerous discussions and meetings held during the consultations regarding the quantity and quality of cargo damage, it can be concluded that this is a very complex, sensitive topic. Literature review studies can confirm it, including industry studies and published statistical data. It is practically difficult to determine the size of damage to palletised loads in road transport. The proposed classification of damage to palletised loads allows for the definition of dangers, difficulties and, consequently, direct and indirect costs of transport, which can be remedied, and certainly significantly reduced. Minimising damaged and destroyed loads result in both a reduction of the direct costs of damaged products and a secondary reduction in the consumption of natural resources of the environment necessary to re-manufacture damaged or destroyed products. It also contributes to reducing the carbon footprint, an important issue, especially nowadays.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2022, 24; 457--471
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The comparison of theoretical to practical cargo loading rate of butane - analysis of LPG carrier reliquefaction plant
Autorzy:
Nanowski, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
LPG carrier
cargo loading rate
CC4 – cargo
Butane
reliquefaction plant
Opis:
This paper presents a performance of reliquefaction plant analysis in order to assess possible cargo loading rate for Butane (C4H10). The highest cargo loading rate is essential in use of LPG carriers because of economical point of view. Loading and discharging cargo time at ports substantially influences on a financial effect of the ship owner. Because of different cargo grades, which number is continuously increasing, crucial is to know real efficiency of gas plan, before signing some contract with customer. On board these types of ships the highest efficiency of reliquefaction plant is crucial. After short description of fully refrigerated gas carrier, theoretical data of analysed ship, taken from ship documentation is shown. Taking into account this data, expected cargo compressors parameters and cargo loading rate are discussed, explained and assumed. In next step, real ambient Butane loading process carried out on board LPG carrier is described. All essential values and reliquefaction plant readings, taken in loading port are presented. The comparison of theoretical result based on available documentation to practical effects obtained in the port is performed. Analysis, mainly taking into account gas plan, answers if it operated with the highest possible efficiency and met cargo loading parameters expected according to ship manuals. Conclusions are discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 227-231
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Image processing method for cargo container identification in a stack within the cargo temperature control and fire safety system on container ships
Autorzy:
Konon, Vladyslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32920246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
shipboard safety
cargo transportation
cargo temperature control
image processing
fire detection
Opis:
The current research is focused on the identification of cargo containers in a stack from their images in the infrared and visible spectra, in order to locate the container-origin of ignition within the cargo temperature control and fire safety system. The relevance of the topic is reinforced by the functional requirements for shipboard safety, which are embodied in Chapter II-2 of the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention, and demanded by the necessity of enhancing safety measures during cargo transportation by the world container fleet. The thermal imager’s field of view (FOV) and the coordinate dependencies between the object and its image have been studied and modelled, and an algorithm for fire detection has been defined within the scope of the current research in connection with the containers within the camera’s FOV. A corresponding verification has been carried out by means of simulation modelling using the Unity and C# programming language capabilities.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 2; 114-120
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Box Selectivity in Different Container Cargo-handling Systems
Autorzy:
Kuznetsov, A. L.
Kirichenko, A. L.
Semenov, A. D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
cargo handling
box selectivity
cargo handling system
container
container cargo-handling system
simulation model
theoretical selectivity
artificial intelligence
Opis:
The box selectivity in operational stack of container terminal is a quite common and long studied question. The pure random choice is governed by the theory of probability offering some combinatorial estimations. The introduction of operational rules like import/export separation, storage by shipping lines, sorting by rail or truck transportation etc., as well as the most notorious ‘sinking’ effect, i.e. covering of boxes arrived earlier by next cargo parties – all these blur the clear algebraiс picture and lead to appearance of many heuristic outlooks of the problem. A new impetus to this problem in last decades was given by the rapid development of IT, AI and simulation techniques. There are quite many examples of the models described in the scientific publication reflecting many real and arbitrary terminals, which embed very advanced and complicated mechanisms reflecting selected features and strategies. Unfortunately, these models usually are created ad hoc, with some pragmatic objectives and under the demand of closest possible proximity to the simulating objects. There are much less models designated to pure scientific study of the deep inner mechanisms responsible for the primal behavior of the operating container stack, enabling to introduce step by step new rules and restrictions, providing regular proving of every next stage’s adequacy and easy to use. This paper describes one attempt of this kind to create a new theoretical tool to put into the regular toolkit of the container terminal designer. The study starts with mathematical (combinatorial) considerations, proceeds with some restrictions caused by physical and technological characteristics, and ends up with the simulation model, which adequacy is confirmed by practical results.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 4; 797-801
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of organic polymer on properties of mineral concentrates. Part I
Autorzy:
Popek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
polymer
mineral
water
cargo
Opis:
The property is evaluated when acceptance for loading of solid bulk cargoes is judged prior to shipment. The liquefaction can be prevented by means of limiting the moisture content of the cargo by introducing the safety margin, regardless of the condition of stresses. It is rational to limit the moisture content of cargoes, which may liquefy, because liquefaction is not liable to occur when the degree of saturation is low, even if the permeability of the material is low. To prevent sliding and shifting of ore concentrates in storage biodegradable thermoplastic materials were added to the ore. The polymer absorbs water from the particle pore in mineral concentrates and its moisture content goes down. In consequence, polymer prevents: drainage of water from the particle pore, sliding and shifting of ore concentrates in storage.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2007, 4; 64-67
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logistics centres in poland, with special attention given to the pomorskie voivodship
Autorzy:
Krzyżanowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920554.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Instytut Morski w Gdańsku
Tematy:
logistics center
cargo flow
Opis:
Logistics centres with direct access to the national transport network, representing a variety of branches of transport, serve the regional, national and international markets. The existing in Europe logistics centres are economically effective, very profitable and positively influence regional development. Selection of their Location depends on the cargo mass, on the intensification of cargo flow, and on the categories of cargo gravitating towards the area in which the centre is to operate.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku; 2000, 27, 1; 25-31
1230-7424
2450-5536
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From road to sea -from road to waterways - on the possibilities of shifting cargo from land routes to water routes in transport between Poland and Germany
Autorzy:
Dębicka, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Instytut Morski w Gdańsku
Tematy:
cargo
transport
Polska
Germany
Opis:
Nowadays we can observe a competition between alternative transport routes, between maritime transport and road transport. And putting the question "is it possible for short sea shipping to take over the cargo which is presently carried by road transport", we should take into consideration two main factors: (I) is there a potential demand- or in another way- is there a cargo volume which can tend to carriages between Polish ports and other ports of the Southern Baltic ? (2) and the second factor: is a maritime transport competitive to the road transport? As German road network and Polish-German road -cross border posts are nowadays the most congested points of the European road infrastructure, the scientists from the Maritime Institute carried out a study aiming at estimation of potential volume of cargo transported nowadays by road but which could be shift to maritime transport. This paper presents some conclusions of this study.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku; 2000, 27, 1; 33-44
1230-7424
2450-5536
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koncepcja obsługi logistycznej ścisłego centrum Krakowa przy wykorzystaniu zintegrowanego systemu tramwajowo-rowerowego
Concept of logistics services for the city centre of Krakow using an integrated tram and bicycle system
Autorzy:
Aleksandrowicz, J.
Starczewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
rower towarowy
logistyka rowerowa
transport ładunków
tramwaj towarowy
obsługa logistyczna
cargo bicycles
bicycle logistics
cargo transport
cargo tram
logistics services
Opis:
W artykule omówiony został temat hybrydowego systemu dostaw ładunków do historycznych centrów miast z wykorzystaniem ekologicznych środków transportu: rowerów i tramwajów. W referacie przedstawiono obecne problemy logistyki miejskiej w historycznych obszarach zurbanizowanych na przykładzie miasta Krakowa. Na podstawie wcześniejszych prac została opracowana i przedstawiona w artykule koncepcja obsługi ścisłego centrum Krakowa przy wykorzystaniu zintegrowanego systemu tramwajowo-rowerowego. Praca została podsumowana wnioskami i planem dalszych badań.
The article discusses the topic of hybrid system of supplies to historical city centres with the use of ecological means of transport: bicycles and trams. The paper presents the current problems of urban logistics in historical urban areas on the example of the city of Krakow. On the basis of previous works, a concept of servicing the strict city centre of Krakow with the use of an integrated tram and bicycle system was developed and presented in the article. The work was summarized with conclusions and a plan of further research.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 12; 850-854
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of effect of pillars position on longitudinal strength in perintis ship structure type 1200 GT
Autorzy:
Yudo, H.
Abdillah, H. Z.
Zakki, A. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2211983.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
cargo liquefication
cargo liquefication accident, bulk carriers
risk of cargo liquefication
sea transportation
biro klasifikasi Indonesia
marine accidents
longitudinal strength
Opis:
Perintis ships are sea transportation highly relied upon by the people in remote, frontier, underdeveloped, and border islands, considering the absence of other types of vehicle operating in the area. Perintis Ships can carry up to 500 people and connect islands categorized as 3TP with larger ports. This ship will be analyzed in longitudinal strength with variations in pillar positions. The analysis results will be compared, and whether the research results allowed the BKI regulatory standards. The maximum stress value produced by the variation without pillars is 21.76 N/m2 in calm water conditions, 41.19 MPa in sagging conditions, and 10.67 MPa in hogging conditions. The variation of the pillars on the side is 21.95 MPa in calm water, 41.54 MPa in sagging conditions, and 10.76 MPa in hogging Conditions. The variation of the pillar in the middle obtained maximum stress 21.96 MPa in calm water conditions, 41.55 MPa in sagging conditions, and 10.77 MPa in hogging conditions. Of all the variations, it has met the criteria of the BKI regulations, where the allowable stress is not to exceed 140.14 MPa. From the analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the position of the pillar laying does not significantly affect the longitudinal strength of the ship.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 3; 563--571
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hygroscopic properties of green coffee transported by sea
Autorzy:
Ruszkowska, M.
Dmowski, P.
Urbanowicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063958.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
cargo transportation
green coffee
cargo transportation by sea
sea transportation
hygroscopic properties
coffee
Opis:
The aim of research was to evaluate the hygroscopic properties of green coffee beans determining its quality during sea transportation. The research material consisted of seven samples of unroasted bean coffee from different countries of origin (Kenya, India, Ethiopia, Columbia and Guatemala) obtained directly from the coffee producer. The water content of green coffee must not exceed 12% as it then has a tendency to grow mould and become musty. Coffee beans require particular temperature, humidity/moisture and possibly ventilation conditions and therefore, to explore and predict the behaviour during transport of green coffee its equilibrium moisture content must be determined for a range of transport temperatures and relative humidity levels . The present paper focuses on the evaluation of the hygroscopic properties of green coffee from different countries of origin based on isotherms of water vapour sorption and characteristic selected parameters of the surface microstructure determining transport conditions and the microbiological stability of this cargo. While assessing the quality and transport durability of green coffee beans, based on the parameters of monomolecular layer capacity and the specific surface area of sorption, it was found that especially samples of coffee from Guatemala and Ethiopia were the least susceptible to changes in the transport conditions.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 3; 641--647
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 256

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