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Tytuł:
Zastosowanie skanera 3D do monitorowania kształtu produktów spożywczych na przykładzie pieczywa
Application of 3D scanner for monitoring the food shape on the example of a bread roll
Autorzy:
Anders, A.
Kaliniewicz, Z.
Markowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/288311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
skanowanie 3D
model matematyczny
właściwości geometryczne
pieczywo
współczynnik kształtu
3D scanning
mathematical model
geometric features
bread roll
aspect ratio
Opis:
Zastosowanie laserowego skanera 3D pozwala na bezdotykowy pomiar i odwzorowanie powierzchni a następnie obliczenie współczynników charakteryzujących właściwości geometryczne. Dodatkową korzyścią z zastosowania bezdotykowego pomiaru geometrii za pomocą skanera 3D jest możliwość pomiaru produktów o delikatnej strukturze zewnętrznej i wrażliwych na uszkodzenia mechaniczne. Celem pracy było określenie podstawowych cech geometrycznych pieczywa typu "bułka ziarnista", wykonanie pomiarów pola powierzchni, objętości oraz określenie podstawowych jego właściwości fizycznych - masy i gęstości. Średnie pole powierzchni obliczone na podstawie modelu cyfrowego w przypadku gdy skanowany model bułki posiadał na swojej powierzchni otwory oraz gdy otwory w modelu zostały wypełnione nie różniły się istotnie. Istotne różnice wystąpiły gdy pole powierzchni i objętość bułek była obliczana ze wzorów. Obliczono również współczynniki kształtu dla badanej serii bułek.
3D laser scanner application allows non-contact measurement and mapping of surfaces and calculation of the factors characterizing geometric features. An additional benefit of using noncontact measurement of geometry using the 3D scanner is the ability to measure the products of fine texture and sensitive to external mechanical damage. The aim of this paper was to determine the basic geometric features of grain bread rolls, the measurements of surface area and volume and determine its basic physical properties - mass and density. The average surface area calculated on the basis of a digital model in case when the scanned model of a bread roll had holes in its surface, and in case when the holes were filled in the model, did not differ significantly. Significant differences occurred when the surface area and volume of bread rolls was calculated from the formulas. The aspect ratios for the series of bread rolls were estimated.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2012, R. 16, nr 3, 3; 7-14
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie procesu Boscha do plazmowego trawienia krzemu
Bosch process for silicon plasma etching
Autorzy:
Góra, K.
Kozłowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/192230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Materiałów Elektronicznych
Tematy:
proces Boscha
ICP
trawienie plazmowe krzemu
współczynnik kształtu
Bosch process
plasma etching
high aspect ratio
silicon etched profile
Opis:
W pracy opisano wielostopniowy proces plazmowy powszechnie znany jako proces Boscha. Składa się on z wielokrotnie powtarzanych sekwencji kroków trawienia i pasywacji. Dzięki temu można otrzymać w krzemie bardzo głębokie struktury o wysokim współczynniku kształtu. Proces zaimplementowano na urządzeniu Alcatel 601E. Końcowym efektem opracowanej procedury jest wytrawiony profil o wysokim współczynniku kształtu, pionowych ścianach i gładkiej powierzchni.
This paper reports on two step time multiplexed plasma etch process, widely known as a Bosch process. The Bosch process was implemented on Alcatel 601E plasma reactor. On the basis of this patented process we created the procedure to achieve high aspect ratio submicron trenches in silicon. A deep silicon etching Bosch process in ICP reactive ion plasma reactor was based on SF6/C4F8 chemistry. Process consists of two alternating etching and deposition cycles. In thirst step, SF6 a very effective source of F* radicals is responsible for etching. In second step C4F8 gas creates polymers layer that protect side wall from lateral etching. This technique consisting of series alternating etch and deposition cycles(each lasts only a few seconds) produces high aspect ratio features. The etch rate and thickness of deposition layer are controlled by gas flow and cycle time, respectively. Created recipe can be used to etch silicon high aspect ratio features with smooth vertical walls.
Źródło:
Materiały Elektroniczne; 2011, T. 39, nr 2, 2; 31-34
0209-0058
Pojawia się w:
Materiały Elektroniczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Three-port beam splitter based on a sandwiched grating with an improved aspect ratio
Autorzy:
Shu, W
Wang, B
Li, H
Li, W
Chen, L.
Lei, L.
Zhou, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
aspect ratio
sandwiched grating
three-port beam splitter
Opis:
In this paper, a fused-silica transmission grating used as a three-port beam splitter is designed by using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis, which is based on the sandwiched grating structure at the wavelength of 800 nm under normal incidence. Firstly, it is feasible to realize such a grating with the prescribed grating duty cycle and grating period. Next, high efficiency can be also achieved for both TE and TM polarizations. Moreover, the aspect ratio of the grating depth to the ridge width can be improved, which is significant for practical applications. At last, the three-port beam splitter is designed with a covering layer on the surface, which can extend its life service.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 3; 279-284
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal effect on damaged stay-cables
Autorzy:
Wang, L.
Wu, Y.
Wang, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280543.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
stay cables
damage
thermal effect
aspect ratio
Opis:
Cables may suffer severe damage in cable-stayed bridges, leading to cable relaxation and tension loss. Such a damage effect merges in the sag augmentation or tension tightened by the thermal effect. This paper is intended to investigate the static response of damaged cables coupled with the thermal effect. With the introduction of three damage parameters such as damage position, damage degree and damage range as well as temperature parameter, the dimensionless governing equations for cables are derived and the numerical method is employed to solve the nonlinear equations. The static behavior of damaged cables due to the thermal coupling effect is analyzed, and the way to remove the thermal effect is given. It shows that the aspect ratio is the major factor is the deflection of the mid-span and horizontal force in the cable, whereas the angle inclination is the next important parameter. Cables with the natural length close to the chord distance reveal the highest sensitivity to temperature, whereas pre-tensioned and non-pre-tensioned cables are less sensitive to the thermal effect. It further demonstrates that with more damage included, the sensitive scope of the variation coefficient of the axial force with aspect ratio and temperature changes dramatically.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2014, 52, 4; 1071-1082
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Risky energy aspects - identification, evaluation, acceptability assessment and improvement aims
Autorzy:
Karkoszka, Tatiana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/104017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
environmental management
energy aspect
risk management
risk ratio
zarządzanie środowiskowe
aspekt energetyczny
zarządzanie ryzykiem
współczynnik ryzyka
Opis:
The increasing worldwide energy consumption, especially in the industry range, forces the companies to search for the solutions, which - being written into sustainable development philosophy - would allow for reducing the level of the energy consumption of the realised processes and lowering the costs of their functioning. Those activities can be undertaken in the systemic way, very often based on the implementation of the energy management system, they can also have the character of technical or technological modernisation. Fundament of the decision concerning the manner of the minimisation of energy consumption should always be the energy risk management covering: its identification, evaluation and acceptability assessment. The studies proposed the principles for defining the significant energy aspects by the full identification of all the present aspects and next the development of unified methodology of their assessment, allowing for appointing the key aspects. The starting point constitutes the energy risk ratio, which takes into consideration the following criteria: probability of the occurrence, significance of the occurrence, ability to monitor, incompatibility with legal requirements, and the interest and attention of the stakeholders. Flexibility of the applied method enables complex application in every organisation - independently of its size and sort of the realised processes - which wants to manage the risky energy aspects.
Źródło:
Quality Production Improvement - QPI; 2019, 1, 1; 131-138
2657-8603
Pojawia się w:
Quality Production Improvement - QPI
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanical nature of a single walled carbon nanotube using Legendre’s polynomials
Autorzy:
Tiwari, P.
Nagar, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/279475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
Euler-Bernoulli’s beam theory
nonlocal elasticity theory
Legendre’s polynomial
aspect ratio
critical buckling load
Winkler and Pasternak elastic constants
Opis:
This paper is concerned with the mechanical response of a single-walled carbon nanotube. Euler-Bernoulli’s beam theory and Hamilton’s principle are employed to derive the set of governing differential equations. An efficient variational method is used to determine the solution of the problem and Legendre’s polynomials are used to define basis functions. Significance of using these polynomials is their orthonormal property as these shape functions convert mass and stiffness matrices either to zero or one. The impact of various parameters such as length, temperature and elastic medium on the buckling load is observed and the results are furnished in a uniform manner. The degree of accuracy of the obtained results is verified with the available literature, hence illustrates the validity of the applied method. Current findings show the usage of nanostructures in vast range of engineering applications. It is worth mentioning that completely new results are obtained that are in validation with the existing results reported in literature.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2018, 56, 4; 1153-1162
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Liquid bridge in slit pore geometry
Autorzy:
Hu, Junhui
Wu, Mengjiao
Bai, Kezhao
Yang, Li
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
liquid bridge
slit, pinning angle
critical aspect ratio
saddle shape
Opis:
In this work, the morphology of a liquid bridge in a slit pore geometry was investigated as a function of both the bridge height and aspect ratio (height/width). The end contour interface of the liquid bridge was modeled by using a saddle shape, and the liquid-air interface was described via an arc of a circle. By employing the free energy approach, a simple formula was obtained to predict variation of the pinning angle as a function of the distance between the slits. The pinning angle depended on the liquid volume and on both the wetting properties and the geometry of the system (height and width). The critical aspect ratio at which the liquid bridge meniscus transitioned from concave to convex was determined. The calculations were in good agreement with the experimental data. The morphology of the liquid bridges in a slit pore geometry can be used in various fields such as the packaging of electronic and micro-electromechanical systems.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2021, 59, 1; 135-142
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of thermal conductivity property of plasmonic nanofluids based on gold nanorods prepared by seed-mediated growth method
Autorzy:
Mohammadzadeh, Mahsa
Ashjari, Mohsen
Zare, Davoud
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297955.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
nanofluid
gold nanorod
thermal conductivity
transient hot wire method
aspect ratio
volume fraction
Opis:
In this paper, nanofluids were prepared based on gold nanorods in basic fluid, water, by single-stage chemical reduction and in different volume fractions and the used gold nanorods were synthesized by seed-mediated growth method in different dimensional ratios. The properties of the prepared nanoparticles, including crystalline size, aspect ratio, surface properties, nanoparticle purity, shape and morphology of nanostructures were investigated using x-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, and transmitted electron microscopy. The effect of changing parameters of Nano rod dimensions, changes in Nano rod volume fraction in water and also the effect of temperature on the nanofluid thermal conductivity coefficient were investigated using transient hot wire method. The results showed that reducing the aspect ratio, increasing the volume fraction and increasing the temperature increase the thermal conductivity. In fact, results show that an increase in the nanorods aspect ratio with a constant volume fraction of 1:50 of gold in water nanorod and at room temperature leads to a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. Also, increasing the two parameters of volume fraction and temperature significantly increases the thermal conductivity coefficient.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2019, 22(2); 119-133
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Informacyjny opis wpływu wirującego pola magnetycznego na układ dyspersyjny
Informational analysis of influence of rotating magnetic field on disperse system
Autorzy:
Rakoczy, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2070653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
entropia informacji
współczynnik kształtu
wirujące pole magnetyczne
informational entropy
aspect ratio
rotating magnetic field
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu wirującego pola magnetycznego na kształt pęcherzy wznoszących się w różnego typu płynach. Zaprezentowano nowe podejście do opisu zmian kształtu pęcherzy, sformułowane na podstawie entropii informacji.
A deformation of air bubbles rising in liquids under he action of rotating magnetic field was studied. A new approach in description of bubbles aspect ratio by means of differential entropy is presented.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2009, 6; 158-159
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of wind structure and aspect ratio of circular cylinders on mean wind pressure coefficient
Autorzy:
Lipecki, T
Jamińska, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
wind tunnel
mean wind pressure coefficient
circular cylinder
wind structure
aspect ratio
Opis:
The paper presents analyses of the mean wind pressure coefficient distribution on the surfaces of circular cylinders. The experiment was performed in a boundary layer wind tunnel in the Wind Engineering Laboratory in Cracow, Poland. Three models were examined in the wind tunnel. The influence of the aspect ratio and wind parameters (mean wind speed profile, turbulence intensity profile, power spectral density functions) on the mean wind pressure coefficient distribution and its standard deviation was considered during the tests.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2012, 16, 3-4; 203-218
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
First ply failure analysis of laminated composite beam for different boundary conditions under thermo mechanical loading
Autorzy:
Choudhury, Arnab
Mondal, Samar Chandra
Sarkar, Susenjit
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/264855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
współczynnik wytrzymałości
włókno
współczynnik kształtu
kompozyty
first ply failure load
fiber orientation angle
aspect ratio
hybrid composite beam
strength ratio
Opis:
Failure analysis of a laminated composite beam subjected to uniformly distributed load and thermal load is studied for different boundary conditions and fiber orientation angles, based on first ply failure load. Three different boundary conditions are studied: simply supported, fixed-fixed and fixed-free. The strength ratio is computed and compared for different failure theories. The effect of fiber orientation angle and aspect ratio on the strength ratio based on first ply failure load is presented in the paper. The strength ratio and transverse deflection are determined for Graphite/Epoxy and Glass/Epoxy composite and their hybrid combinations to find out the optimum hybrid composite beam with minimum weight, deflection and cost. The problem is solved in MATLAB platform. The mode of failure of the composite beam is determined by using maximum stress theory.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2020, 25, 1; 12-26
1734-4492
2353-9003
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elastic moduli of carbon nanotubes with new geometry based on FEM
Autorzy:
Fereidoon, A.
Rajabpour, M.
Hemmatian, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/279985.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
elastic moduli
elliptic single walled carbon nanotubes
length
chirality
cross sectional aspect ratio
finite element model
Opis:
In this paper, the elastic moduli of elliptic single walled carbon nanotubes (ESWCNTs) are described. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model for such carbon nanotubes is proposed. The covalent bonds are simulated by beam elements in the FE model. The elastic moduli of beam elements are ascertained from a linkage between molecular and continuum mechanics. The deformations of the FE model are subsequently used to predict the elastic moduli of ESWCNTs. In order to demonstrate the FE performance, the influence of length, chirality, diameter and cross sectional aspect ratios on the elastic moduli (Young’s modulus and shear modulus) of ESWCNTs is investigated. It is found that the cross sectional aspect ratio of ESWCNTs significantly affects the elastic moduli. With increasing cross sectional aspect ratio, the Young’s modulus and shear modulus decrease. As a result, every change in geometry operates as a defect and decreases the elastic moduli. With increasing the length, Young’s modulus increases and the shear modulus decreases.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2014, 52, 1; 235-245
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of aspect ratio of enclosure on free convection from horizontal cylinders in Bingham plastic fluids
Autorzy:
Baranwal, Ashok Kumar
Gupta, Anoop Kumar
Tiwari, Anurag Kumar
Melnik, Roderick
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Bingham plastic fluids
aspect ratio
Rayleigh number
Nusselt number
natural convection
płyn plastikowy Bingham
współczynnik proporcji
liczba Rayleigha
liczba Nusselta
naturalna konwekcja
Opis:
Heat transfer in steady free convection from differentially heated cylinders enclosed in a rectangular duct filled with Bingham plastic fluids has been solved numerically for the ranges of the dimensionless groups as, Rayleigh number, 102 Ra 106; Prandtl number, 10 Pr 100 and, Bingham number, 0 Bn 50 for aspect ratios AR = 05, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 2. The streamlines, isotherm contours, yield surfaces, local and average Nusselt numbers were analysed and discussed. It is found that as the aspect ratio of the enclosure increases from 0.5 to 0.9, the average Nusselt number on the surface of the hot cylinder increases as a larger amount of fluid takes part in convection. Moreover, at sufficiently large Bingham numbers, yield stress forces dominate over buoyancy causing the flow to cease and thus the Nusselt number approaches its conduction limit. Finally, the Nusselt number approaches its conduction limit once the maximum Bingham number is reached.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2022, 43, 2; 271--277
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of the critical velocity of a straight wing with a high aspect ratio
Autorzy:
Thanh, Le Thi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45423968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
prędkość krytyczna
aerodynamika
pręt
thin rod
divergence
linear aerodynamics
straight wing
high aspect ratio
critical velocity
Opis:
An aerodynamic problem on an air flow around a large aspect ratio rectangular wing is investigated in this study. According to the theory of Vlasov, the wing is considered to be a thin rod. External loads are assumed to be proportional to the airfoil angle of attack related to the dimensionless coefficient of the lift and the pitching moment coefficient. These coefficients depend on the airfoil parameters and the Mach number M and are determined by experimental measurements for subsonic and supersonic velocities. In this case, to define the unstable cases of the wing, one bases on the Lyapunov stability theory. Equations of bending and torsional free vibrations have resulted. Based on the analysis of natural frequencies (eigenfrequencies), it is possible to determine the changing positions of the real part and the imaginary part of the characteristic equation solution. These positions can cause instabilities for the wing such as torsional divergence and flutter.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2023, 28, 1; 105-117
1734-4492
2353-9003
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Densification behaviour of carob powder
Autorzy:
Akangbe, O. L.
Adamovský, R.
Blahovec, J.
Rutkowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100953.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
food powder
strain rate
aspect ratio
deformation
Opis:
The behaviour of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) powder relevant to its densification at low pressure was determined given different equipment aspect ratios (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5) and varying rates of deformation (5.5, 10 and 14.5 mm min-1). The effects of both parameters were examined through the analysis of variance and trends were fitted to observed mechanical responses using standard regression technique. Both aspect ratio and the time rate of deformation had highly significant effects on the material’s response to load. Strain rate and specific power requirement were power functions of the equipment’s aspect ratio, at all rates of deformation. These findings furnish insights on mechanical response in compressed food powders which are applicable in modelling related food handling and processing systems.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2018, IV/1; 1099-1100
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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