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    Tytuł:
    Różnice w nawykach i preferencjach żywieniowych osób dorosłych w zależności od wieku
    Differences in dietary habits and food preferences of adults depending on the age
    Autorzy:
    Adamska, E.
    Ostrowska, L.
    Maliszewska, K.
    Citko, A.
    Waszczeniuk, M.
    Przystupa, W.
    Majewski, R.
    Wasilewska, A.
    Milewski, R.
    Kretowski, A.
    Gorska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/876940.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
    Tematy:
    zywienie czlowieka
    choroby czlowieka
    wiek czlowieka
    dieta
    nawyki zywieniowe
    otylosc
    osoby dorosle
    preferencje zywieniowe
    zaburzenia metabolizmu
    czynniki ryzyka
    ryzyko zachorowan
    human nutrition
    human disease
    age
    man
    diet
    nutritional habit
    obesity
    adult
    nutritional preference
    metabolic disorder
    risk factor
    disease risk
    Opis:
    Wprowadzenie. Wraz z wiekiem postępują zmiany w strukturze i funkcjonowaniu organizmu. Sposób odżywiania się również podlega nieustannym modyfikacjom. Nawyki żywieniowe mogą wpływać korzystnie lub też niekorzystnie na przebieg procesów starzenia oraz funkcjonowanie poszczególnych tkanek, narządów i całego organizmu. Cel badań. Celem badań była ocena nawyków i preferencji żywieniowych osób dorosłych w różnych grupach wiekowych. W badanych grupach analizie poddano także wskaźnik masy ciała (BMI) oraz zawartość tkanki tłuszczowej. Materiał i metody. Zbadano 237 osób (133 kobiety i 104 mężczyzn, w wieku 18-79 lat). Uczestnicy badania wypełnili kwestionariusz częstości spożycia oraz kwestionariusz preferencji żywieniowych. Wykonane zostały pomiary antropometryczne (wzrost, masa ciała), wskaźnik BMI, pomiar zawartości tkanki tłuszczowej (BIA). Do analizy statystycznej wykorzystano metodę korelacji porządku rang Spearmana i nieparametryczny test ANOVA rang Kruskala-Wallisa. Wyniki. Wraz z wiekiem zmniejszała się częstość spożycia mleka (p<0,05) oraz serów żółtych (p<0,05) a wzrastało spożycie serów twarogowych (p<0,05). Wzrastała również częstość spożycia podrobów (p<0,05), soli kuchennej (p<0,05) oraz kawy (p<0,05). Z wiekiem badani preferowali zarówno tłuszcze zwierzęce (p<0,05) jak i roślinne (p<0,05). Zdecydowanie zmniejszała się częstość spożycia masła (p<0,05), a wzrastała olejów roślinnych (p<0,05). Zaobserwowano zmniejszenie spożycia ryżu brązowego (p<0,05), makaronów razowych (p<0,05) i płatków owsianych (p<0,05). Wzrastało spożycie kasz (p<0,05) i ziemniaków (p<0,05), natomiast zmniejszała się chęć (p<0,05) i częstość spożywania (p<0,05) orzechów/ migdałów, wzrastało spożycie owoców (p<0,05). Z wiekiem zwiększeniu ulegał wskaźnik masy ciała (p<0,05, R=0,39) oraz procentowa zawartość tkanki tłuszczowej (p<0,05, R= 0,31). Wnioski. Preferencje smakowe oraz nawyki żywieniowe różniły się w zależności od wieku i mogą stanowić jeden z elementów wpływających na wzrost BMI, wzrost zawartości tkanki tłuszczowej, ubytek masy kostnej oraz wzrost ryzyka wystąpienia zaburzeń metabolicznych. Zaobserwowane zmiany w nawykach żywieniowych mogą przyczyniać się do rozwoju zaburzeń gospodarki lipidowej, węglowodanowej i wzrostu ciśnienia tętniczego krwi, zwłaszcza przy współistniejącej nadwadze i otyłości.
    Background. Changes in the structure and functioning of the body occur with age. Also nutrition is continually modified. Eating habits may affect favorably or unfavorably on the process of aging and the functioning of various tissues, organs and the whole body. Objectives. The purpose of the study was to evaluate dietary habits and food preferences of patients in different age groups. In the studied groups also body mass index (BMI) and body fat content were analyzed. Material and method. 237 people (133 women and 104 men, age 18-79 years) were examined. The participants completed questionnaires of the frequency of food consumption and food preferences. The height, weight, body mass index (BMI), the percentage of body fat (BIA) were also measured. For statistical analysis the assessment of correlation Spearman’s rank order and nonparametric ANOVA rank Kruskal-Wallis were used. Results. With age, the frequency of milk (p<0,05) and cheese (p<0,05) consumption decreased whereas consumption of cottage cheese increased (p<0,05). Increased consumption of offal (p<0,05), salt (p<0,05) and coffee (p<0,05) was also noted. With age, the respondents preferred animal fats (p<0,05) and vegetable fats (p<0,05). The frequency of butter consumption decreased (p<0,05) and consumption of vegetable fats increased (p<0,05). The consumption of brown rice (p<0,05), whole wheat pasta (p<0,05) and cereals (p<0,05) was reduced whereas the consumption of groats (p<0,05) potatos (p<0,05) and fruits (p<0,05) increased. The decreased desire (p<0,05) and frequency of nuts / almonds consumption (p<0,05) were noted. With age, the BMI and percentage of body fat were increasing (p<0,05, R=0,39, p<0,05, R= 0,31, respectively). Conclusions. Taste preferences and dietary habits vary depending on age and may be one of the elements affecting the increase in BMI, body fat content, bone mass loss and increased risk of metabolic disorders. The observed changes in dietary habits can contribute to the development of dyslipidemia, glucose dysmetabolism and arterial hypertension, especially in the presence of overweight and obesity.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2012, 63, 1
    0035-7715
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Deforestation and its impacts on climate change an overview of Pakistan
    Autorzy:
    Ali, A.
    Riaz, S.
    Iqbal, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11968.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    climate change
    deforestation
    Pakistan
    catastrophic event
    forest age
    natural factor
    weather
    industrialization
    urbanization
    global temperature
    surface temperature
    disaster
    South Asia
    Opis:
    Forests are one the main natural factors that regulate and determine climate, weather patterns and amount of CO2 of an area. With rapid industrialization and rapid urbanization there is a significant increase in deforestation and as a consequence rise in global mean surface temperatures. Rapid and unchecked cut down of forest cover has resulted in some of the worst disasters during the last decades. This paper focuses on studying the role of deforestation, its influence on climate change phenomena and its consequences in Pakistan.
    Źródło:
    Papers on Global Change; 2014, 21
    2300-8121
    1730-802X
    Pojawia się w:
    Papers on Global Change
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Age structure of natural regeneration of European silver-fir (Abies alba Mill.) in the Sudety Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Filipiak, M
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41780.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    ecology
    European silver fir
    environmental factor
    Abies alba
    silver fir
    tree
    age structure
    site condition
    regeneration
    Sudetes Mountains
    Opis:
    In this paper, is presented data on the abundance and age structure of natural regeneration of silver fir in permanent plots in Sudety Mts. In the studied plots the abundance of fir seedlings is usually markedly lower than in the well-regenerating Carpathian forest stands. The major reason for this is the lower contribution of fir trees to forest stands in the Sudety Mts. as compared with the Carpathians. In most plots the process of regeneration is long and extended over many years. Largest numbers of seedlings developed in years of good fir cone crops. An important role in the process of natural regeneration of Abies alba in the Sudety Mts. are played by type of site, kind of humus and herb layer density. Most of the studied forest stands in the Sudety are not dense, so the herb layer is well-developed, that strongly restrain fir regeneration especially in fartile soils.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2002, 48
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development of Metalinguistic Awareness in EFL Vocabulary and Spelling: A Longitudinal Case Study of a Child and Adult with Dyslexia
    Autorzy:
    Kałdonek-Crnjaković, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-10-06
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    metalinguistic awareness
    dyslexia
    age factor
    English as a foreign language
    spelling
    vocabulary
    Opis:
    This longitudinal case study aimed at investigating the development of metalin- guistic awareness in EFL spelling and vocabulary in two Croatian learners with dyslexia who differed in age and language proficiency – a child and an adult. They attended weekly sessions that aimed at improving their English spelling and vocabulary. The data were collected for 45 weeks using the teacher’s notes and audio-recorded lesson observations. The results showed that the participants developed their metalinguistic skills; however, the age and language proficiency factor was salient. Also, the metacognitive component of the instruction had a different effect on the development of metalinguistic skills in spelling and vocabulary acquisition. Pedagogical implications are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2021, 30(2); 127-144
    0860-5734
    Pojawia się w:
    Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of age, environmental and occupational factors on semen density
    Autorzy:
    Lepecka-Klusek, C.
    Wdowiak, A.
    Pilewska-Kozak, A.B.
    Syty, K.
    Jakiel, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51504.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    age
    environmental factor
    occupational factor
    semen density
    male infertility
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2011, 18, 2
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Not so individual after all: An ecological approach to age as an individual difference variable in a classroom
    Autorzy:
    Pfenninger, Simone E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780659.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    age factor
    context
    environmental variables
    young learners
    individual difference
    Opis:
    The main goal of this paper is to analyze how the age factor behaves as an alleged individual difference (ID) variable in SLA by focusing on the influence that the learning context exerts on the dynamics of age of onset (AO). The results of several long-term classroom studies on age effects will be presented, in which I have empirically analyzed whether AO works similarly across settings and learners or whether it is influenced by characteristics of the setting and the learner—and if so, whether there are contextual variables that can help us understand why thoseoutcomes are different. Results of multilevel analyses indicate that macro-contextual factors (i.e., the wider school context) turn out to have a mediating effect on the relation between AO and L2 proficiency increase, exerting both positive and negative influences and thus suggesting that AO effects are malleable, which is what one would expect if we are dealing with an ID variable. In contrast, no such phenomenon can be observed in relation to lower contextual levels; learners within classes do not vary with regard to how sensitive they are to AO. Since the broader social environment in which learning takes place seems to be more influential than the cognitive state assumed to be a characteristic of the individual, I suggest that an ID model that assumes that age is a “fixed factor” (Ellis, 1994, p. 35) is not entirely satisfactory.
    Źródło:
    Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2017, 7, 1; 19-46
    2083-5205
    2084-1965
    Pojawia się w:
    Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transitional woes: On the impact of L2 input continuity from primary to secondary school
    Autorzy:
    Pfenninger, Simone E.
    Lendl, Johanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780575.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    EFL
    primary school
    age factor
    young learners
    Opis:
    In this paper, we discuss the problem of articulation between levels in the educational system, as the transition from a rather more communicative, contentbased and holistic approach to English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching at primary level to more formal and explicit ways of foreign language (FL) teaching at secondary is often experienced as problematic by students and teachers alike (see, e.g., Muñoz, Tragant, & Camuñas, 2015). The results of a mixed methods analysis are presented, in which we analyzed, through a questionnaire and language experience essays, perceived continuity between input received in primary school and secondary school, as well as learners’ beliefs, attitudes and self-efficacy before and after they transitioned to secondary school. Twelve primary schools and six secondary schools in Switzerland participated in the study, with a total of 280 early learners of EFL (biological age 12-13 years, age of onset 8 years). We will argue that one of the main reasons why early FL instruction seems not to bear fruit later in secondary school is that, on the one hand, coherence in curriculum design and practice vary in a few-but crucial-aspects within and between primary schools. On the other hand, the fact that secondary education becomes a meeting point for mixed ability classes also seems to mitigate the potential advantages of an earlier start.
    Źródło:
    Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2017, 7, 3; 443-469
    2083-5205
    2084-1965
    Pojawia się w:
    Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comprehensive analysis of the process of population ageing in Poland in the years 1950–2016
    Autorzy:
    Roszkowska, Ewa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128103.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    population ageing
    biological age groups
    age factor
    median age
    Opis:
    Aim – The main aim of the study is to determine the dynamics of the ageing process of the Polish population and to present a forecast of population ageing based on comprehensive analysis of the age structure of this population. The separated components of this structure are biological age groups: 0–14, 15–64, 65 years and more. The time period of the research comprises the years 1950–2016, while the population forecast by age is presented for 2020 and 2050. The elaboration includes data from GUS. Research methodology – In assessing the level of the ageing of Polish society there were used, among others, the old age index, old age coefficient, a measure of the similarity of structures, a measure of the structural change intensity, and the median age. Score – In the years 1950–2016 in Poland there were observed changes in the age structure of the population in age groups: 0–14 years old, 15–64 years old, 65 years old and more, including a steady trend in the percentage of people in the age group 0–14 years old and a steady upward trend in the percentage of people aged 65 and over, a strong upward trend in the old age index, and a strong tendency of increase in the post-working age dependency ratio. The Central Statistical Office’s (GUS) forecasts indicate that the population ageing measured by changes in the age structure of the population and the shifting of the median age which are taking place in Poland in a dynamic manner, will continue with increased intensity over the next decades. Originality/value – The added value of the work is the use of the similarity of structures and the intensity of structure changes, which together with an approach based on classical indicators allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the age structure of the Polish population in dynamic terms, determining the quantitative nature of changes in the age structure over time, the direction of these changes and their intensity. It was also pointed out that in light of the ongoing demographic transformations, the concept of silver economy understood as an economic system aimed at using the potential of the elderly and taking into account their needs is becoming a priority.
    Źródło:
    Optimum. Economic Studies; 2018, 2(92); 206-226
    1506-7637
    Pojawia się w:
    Optimum. Economic Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Toxoplasma gondii and women of reproductive age: an analysis of data from the Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Cracow
    Autorzy:
    Salamon, D.
    Bulanda, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/6209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    Toxoplasma gondii
    woman
    toxoplasmosis
    zoonosis
    risk factor
    seroprevalence
    reproductive age
    Chair of Microbiology
    Jagiellonian University
    Medical College
    Polska
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in women of reproductive age within the Małopolska province who were examined in the Laboratory of Microbiological Diagnostics, Chair of Microbiology in Cracow in 2013–2014. Seventy-eight questionnaires completed by women of reproductive age (mean age 29.91±6.56) were analysed. In total, 82% of respondents signed up for serological testing while already pregnant (33 patients in the age group 18–29 years and 30 patients in the age group 30–39 years). Twentyseven percent had no previous contact with the parasite. A statistically significant (chi-square=7.722, p=0.005) correlation between permanent residence in the countryside and the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was found. A significant correlation was shown in the studied group between a lack of contact with soil and negative results of serological tests for toxoplasmosis (chi-square=4.116, p=0.042). The majority of the surveyed women had already encountered this parasite. It seems that special attention should be given to rural women. Implementation of more precise testing in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is also essential.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Parasitology; 2014, 60, 4
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Parasitology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance Enhancement of Cooperative MIMO-NOMA Systems Over Sub-6 GHz and mmWave Bands
    Autorzy:
    Saleh, Ahmed A.
    Ahmed, Mohamad A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200732.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    error probability
    MIMO
    mmWave
    NOMA
    out-age probability
    power allocation factor
    successive-interference cancellation (SIC
    Opis:
    In this paper, two radio links with different frequency bands are considered for base stations (BS) serving users via decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative relays. Backhaul and access links are proposed with sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave) bands, respectively. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is employed in the backhaul link to simultaneously transmit a superposed signal in the power domain, using the same band. The superposed signals, containing two signals that differ in terms of power allocation factors (PAFs), are designed for two selected DF relays in the BS. The two relays are chosen from several relays to be serviced by the BS based on a pairing algorithm that depends on different users’ circumstances. The furthest DF relay detects the incoming NOMA signal directly, while the nearest one applies successive interference cancellation (SIC) before extracting its signal. Each DF relay forwards the detected signals toward their intended users over mmWave channels. Three performance metrics are utilized to evaluate the system’s performance: outage probability, achievable throughput, and bit error rate. Comparisons between two mmWave bands in the access link (28 and 73 GHz) are made to demonstrate the superiority of the 28 GHz band in terms of the three performance-related metrics.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 2; 70--77
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pre-service teachers’ beliefs about teaching English to older adults: The case of motivation
    Autorzy:
    Słowik-Krogulec, Agata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28409203.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe
    Tematy:
    motivation
    Foreign Language Geragogy (FLG)
    lifelong learning
    the age factor
    older adults
    pre-service teachers’ beliefs
    Opis:
    As of 2021, in Poland there are hardly any University courses preparing pre-service teachers to teach groups of the age of 60 and older. However, at the same time, it is estimated that in Poland older adults represent approximately 24% of the population and it is expected to increase to 40.4% by 2050. The number of private language centres and Universities of the Third Age (U3A) offering, among other subjects, foreign language education, is also constantly growing. In order to examine the value of introducing “Foreign Language Geragogy” (FLG, i.e. teaching foreign languages to older adults) to the curriculum, a qualitative study of forty two MA students from the Institute of English Studies (University of Wrocław) was carried out. Only half of the respondents attended the elective course and MA seminar “Older adults and SLA”, but both groups completed the same open-ended questionnaire, the aim of which was to explore pre-service teachers’ subjective theories regarding older adults’ motivation to learn foreign languages in later life, and to examine the extent to which they were affected by the content of the course. The results suggest that such courses are valuable, and pre-service teachers’ opinions regarding foreign language learning and teaching to older adults should be challenged in order to offer a better quality of teaching and to promote the idea of lifelong learning.
    Źródło:
    Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft; 2021, 10; 149-174
    2299-4122
    2657-4799
    Pojawia się w:
    Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Der frühe Fremdsprachenunterricht – je früher desto besser?
    Early foreign language education – the sooner the better?
    Autorzy:
    Sopata, Aldona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/917035.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-11-05
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    early foreign language education
    child second language acquisition
    age factor in second language acquisition
    Opis:
    The article aims to summarize investigations which shed some light on the mechanisms of early second language acquisition and to draw from them pedagogical implications. Developing an optimal outline for foreign language teaching in early childhood should involve factors which make possible the use of inductive mechanisms of language acquisition by children.
    Źródło:
    Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics; 2010, 36, 1; 95-105
    0072-4769
    Pojawia się w:
    Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of chosen factors on milk nutritional value
    Wplyw wybranych czynnikow na wartosc odzywcza mleka
    Autorzy:
    Topyła, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2197552.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
    Tematy:
    quality factor
    milk
    nutritional value
    animal breed
    cow
    animal age
    production season
    lactation stage
    Źródło:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica; 2008, 26, 1; 20-27
    0239-4243
    2083-7399
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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