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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Handheld ED-XRF spectrometers in geochemical investigation: Comparative studies for glacial deposits from Spitsbergen
    Autorzy:
    Kozak, Lidia
    Silva Souza, Juliana
    Nawrot, Adam
    Proch, Jędrzej
    Kaźmierski, Marcin
    Zawieja, Agnieszka
    Niedzielski, Przemysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16538450.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    Arctic
    Svalbard
    X-Ray fluorescence
    metals
    statistical analysis
    spatial distribution
    Opis:
    This study presents the determination of the content of selected metals (Ba, Ca, Fe, Nb, Rb, Sr, Y, Zn, and Zr) in postglacial deposits from two glacial valleys (Ebbadalen and Elsadalen) in the Petunia Bay (southern Spitsbergen). The aim of the research was to experimentally check the usefulness of the handheld energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique in the study of samples from the polar zone, before performing the future field tests. Deposit analyses were performed (in parallel) with two handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometers from different manufacturers, to investigate the accuracy and reliability of the instruments. The statistical analysis of the results indicated that the measurements carried out with two spectrometers were statistically significantly different, which was probably due to the different calibration characteristics used by the manufacturers. However, the analysis of the spatial distribution of element concentrations using Geographic Information System tools showed that the distribution maps of elements concentrations were similar regardless of the spectrometer used in the analyses.
    Źródło:
    Polish Polar Research; 2021, 42, 3; 163-172
    0138-0338
    2081-8262
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Polar Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kalibracja wyników analiz chemicznych piaskowców czerwonego spągowca wykonanych przenośnym spektrometrem XRF
    Calibration of the results of Rotliegend sandstones chemical analyses performed with a handheld XRF spectrometer
    Autorzy:
    Skupio, Rafał
    Zagórska, Urszula
    Kowalska, Sylwia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1834126.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    fluorescencja rentgenowska
    spektrometria XRF
    kalibracja
    skład pierwiastkowy
    analiza skał
    X-ray fluorescence
    XRF spectrometry
    calibration
    elemental composition
    rock analysis
    Opis:
    Handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometers with energy dispersion (EDXRF) are increasingly used to determine the chemical composition of rocks for the oil and gas industry. The results of our research allow to create or support the lithological interpretation based on mineralogical models. In the case of quantitative interpretation based on the results of measurements using a handheld XRF device, high accuracy of measurements is required. This paper presents the problems to which attention should be paid when applying the assumed methodology, mainly related to the underestimated percentages for light (main) elements. The tests were carried out on powdered samples of drill cores taken from borehole directed to Rotliegend rocks. The measurements were carried out using Bruker’s XRF S1 TITAN spectrometer. The calibration and correction tests led to the elimination of two factors affecting the inaccuracy of the analyses. The first is the progressive aging of the X-ray tube, which should be checked by conducting systematic measurements of the standard reference material. The second concerns the effect of a change in the density of the sample after grinding, which has a significant impact on light elements (mainly silicon and aluminium), causing a decrease in absolute values in the results of measurements using a handheld XRF device. Due to the type of rock material analysed, the focus was on the calibration of the results of the main elements building the Rotliegend sandstone rock matrix. The paper presents the possibility of calibrating the results directly in the device, which results in obtaining calibrated results after each measurement, as well as calibration of results in an external file. By using external calibration, errors caused by changing the rock matrix can be avoided while ensuring that possibility the results can be recalculated. The resulting calibration coefficients are applicable to the Rotliegend rocks and the XRF spectrometer with current software and GeoChem calibrations provided by Bruker. A change in any of the factors requires re-testing and recalibration of the results. Mineralogical models prepared based on XRF analyses can be used in the future, if those appropriate calibration coefficients are used.
    Źródło:
    Nafta-Gaz; 2020, 76, 1; 12-17
    0867-8871
    Pojawia się w:
    Nafta-Gaz
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wykorzystanie techniki fluoroscencji rentgenowskiej (XRF) do szybkiej analizy pierwiastkowej biomasy
    Autorzy:
    Kubik, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/274379.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Roble
    Tematy:
    fluorescencja rentgenowska
    XRF
    biomasa
    analiza pierwiastkowa
    X-ray fluorescence
    biomass
    elemental analysis
    Źródło:
    LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania; 2017, 22, 1; 30-34
    1427-5619
    Pojawia się w:
    LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Eneolithic copper jewellery from grave 7 of the Lublin-Volhynian culture at site 2 in Książnice, Świętokrzyskie Province, Poland. Typological and physical metallurgy characteristic
    Eneolityczna biżuteria miedziana z grobu nr 7 kultury lubelsko-wołyńskiej na stanowisku 2 w Książnicach, woj. świętokrzystkie. Charakterystyka typologiczna i metalurgiczna
    Autorzy:
    Wilk, Stanisław
    Garbacz-Klempka, Aldona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396855.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Archeologii
    Tematy:
    copper jewellery
    metallurgy analysis
    graves
    Lublin-Volhynian culture
    Lesser Poland
    archaeometallurgy
    X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
    Opis:
    This article presents a typological and physical metallurgy analysis of copper artifacts found in child grave (no 7) at the Lublin-Volhynian culture cemetery in Książnice (Lesser Poland). The burial, dating to approx. 4050–3940 BC, contains a rich set of copper jewellery: a massive earring, small earring, bracelet - made of copper wire, and two beads made of a rolled piece of metal sheet. As part of metallographic analysis of metal finds from grave 7, site 2 in Książnice, quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted, regarding chemistry and microstructure of all the five artifacts. In the artifacts tested, there were identified the elements significant from the perspective of raw material origin and smelting technology: arsenic, antimony, silver, tin, zinc, lead, bismuth, cobalt, nickel and iron. The highest total content of impurities was noted for the bracelet. Against the background of other elements, the arsenic content stands out here and it is 2.1%, and lead 0.26%. For the remaining artifacts, the arsenic content was 0÷0,24%, and lead 0÷0,039%. Antimony (0.098%) and zinc (0.15%) was only recorded for the one of the bead. Also, the highest content of silver (0.05%) was established in this case. In the remaining ornaments, the silver content was below 0.02%. Based on the X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy results, chemical profiles were established for the individual, and they were ascribed to raw material groups according to R. Krause: 1) pure copper, 2) arsenic copper and 3) antimony copper (Krause 2003: 90–91, Abb. 40–41). The presented inventory of copper artifacts from grave 7, having many analogies in the Carpathian Basin and the areas to the north and east of the Carpathians, confirms the thesis about wide, trans-Carpathian contacts of the group which was using the necropolis in Książnice at the turn of 5th and 4th millennium BC.
    Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje typologiczną i metaloznawczą analizę zabytków miedzianych znalezionych w grobie dziecięcym (nr 7) na cmentarzysku kultury lubelsko-wołyńskiej w Książnicach (Małopolska). Pochówek, datowany na przełom V i IV tysiąclecia BC (4050–3940 BC), zawierał bogaty zestaw biżuterii miedzianej, na który składały się: duża, masywna zausznica, mała zausznica i bransoleta – wykonane z drutu, oraz dwa paciorki ze zwiniętej blachy miedzianej. W ramach badań metaloznawczych, przeprowadzono ilościowe i jakościowe, analizy chemiczne i mikrostrukturalne wszystkich pięciu zabytków. W badanych zabytkach zidentyfikowano pierwiastki, istotne z punktu widzenia pochodzenia surowca i technologii wytopu. Należą do nich: arsen, antymon, srebro, cyna, cynk, ołów, bizmut, kobalt, nikiel i żelazo. Sumarycznie największą zawartość zanieczyszczeń zarejestrowano dla bransolety. Na tle innych pierwiastków wyróżnia się tu arsen, który wynosi 2,1% i ołów 0,26%. Dla pozostałych zabytków stężenie arsenu wynosiło 0÷0,24%, a ołowiu 0÷0,039%. Antymon (0,098%) i cynę (0,15%) zarejestrowano jedynie dla jednego z paciorków. W tym przypadku wykazano również najwyższą zawartość srebra (0,05%). W pozostałych ozdobach stężenie srebra wynosiło poniżej 0,02%. Na podstawie wyników analizy spektroskopii fluorescencji rentgenowskiej dokonano ustalenia profili chemicznych analizowanych zabytków oraz zaklasyfikowano je do grup surowcowych wg R. Krause: (1) miedzi czystej, (2) miedzi arsenowej oraz (3) miedzi antymonowej (Krause 2003: 90 – 91, ryc. 40 – 41). Zaprezentowany inwentarz zabytków miedzianych z grobu 7, mający liczne analogie w Kotlinie Karpackiej i na terenach położonych na północ i wschód od łuku Karpat, potwierdza tezę o szerokich transkarpackich kontaktach grupy użytkującej nekropolę w Książnicach na przełomie V i IV tysiąclecia BC.
    Źródło:
    Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie; 2016, 8; 29-46
    0137-3285
    Pojawia się w:
    Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of X-ray fluorescence method for elemental analysis of PM2.5 fraction
    Autorzy:
    Samek, L.
    Furman, L.
    Kawik, T.
    Welnogorska, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971541.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    air pollution
    energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF)
    elemental analysis
    particulate matter
    Opis:
    The scientific interest in air pollution comes from its influence on human health, the condition of cultural heritage and climate. The PM2.5 fraction (particles of a diameter of 2.5 mm or below), indirectly, has a significant impact on health which is associated with respiratory tract and blood vessel related diseases. However, not only the size, but also the content of the particles has a significant meaning. To determine the particulate matter contents, elemental analysis can be performed using numerous techniques, the most important of which is X-ray fluorescence. In this study, samples of PM2.5 fraction collected in Krakow, Poland were analyzed. The X-ray fluorescence method was used to perform elemental analysis. The gravimetric method was applied to determine the concentration of the PM2.5 fraction. Low detection limits of individual elements and precision of the X-ray fluorescence method were determined. The concentrations of the following elements: Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr and Pb in the PM2.5 fraction samples collected in Krakow were evaluated. The homogeneity of the samples was also estimated. The concentrations of PM2.5 fraction collected in the summer of 2013 were in the range of 6–23 ng/m3. The concentrations of PM2.5 fraction collected in the winter of 2013 were in the range of 26–171 ng/m3. The precision of the method was found to be below 1% for elements with high concentration in the sample and 6–8 % for trace elements.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 3, part 2; 621-626
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie techniki stapiania do oznaczania siarki, sodu i chloru w koncentratach i rudach żelaza metodą fluorescencyjnej spektrometrii rentgenowskiej
    Application of the fusion technique for the determination of sulfur, sodium and chlorine in iron concentrates and ores by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
    Autorzy:
    Stankiewicz, G.
    Kubiczek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181511.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
    Tematy:
    analiza chemiczna
    fluorescencyjna spektrometria rentgenowska
    rudy żelaza
    siarka
    sód
    chlor
    chemical analysis
    X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
    iron ores
    sulfur
    sodium
    chlorine
    Opis:
    Opracowano parametry stapiania próbek koncentratów i rud żelaza za pomocą automatycznej sześciopozycyjnej stapiarki elektrycznej. Opracowana preparatyka próbek i optymalny dobór wszystkich jej parametrów, pozwoliły na zatrzymanie siarki w stapianej mieszaninie. Właściwy dobór substancji utleniającej umożliwił oznaczanie sodu. Powiodło się także oznaczanie chloru. Wyznaczone podstawowe parametry metrologiczne metody potwierdziły, że opracowany wariant stapiania i ustalone parametry pomiarowe pozwalają, w sposób precyzyjny i dokładny oznaczać siarkę, sód i chlor w koncentratach i rudach żelaza pochodzących z różnych złóż. Wykazano, że lotność składników i niskie ich zawartości nie są przeszkodą w prowadzeniu oznaczeń tych składników w perłach.
    Fusion parameters of automatic electrical fusion fluxer for samples of concentrates and iron ores have been developed. The method of preparation of samples and selection of all parameters allowed to keep sulfur in melted mixture, whereas appropriate selection of the oxidizing substance allowed the determination of sodium. Determination of chlorine is also possible. Basic metrological parameters of the methods confirmed that the developed way of fusion and the set of measurement parameters for X-ray spectrometer allow precise and accurate determination of sulfur, sodium and chlorine in iron ores and concentrates from various deposits. The volatility of the components and their low content are not an obstacle in their determination with the use of fusion technique.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2015, T. 67, nr 4, 4; 33-38
    0137-9941
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Trace elements in scalp hair of leukaemia patients
    Autorzy:
    Khuder, A.
    Bakir, M. A.
    Hasan, R.
    Mohammad, A.
    Habil, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971518.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    leukaemia
    principal component analysis
    scalp hair
    U-test
    X-ray fluorescence
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in scalp hair of leukaemia patients and healthy volunteers, using the optimised XRF method. Leukaemia hair samples were classifi ed corresponding to type, growth and age of the participants. The results showed that the studied trace elements (TEs) in both of leukaemia and control groups were positively skewed. In comparison with the control group, lower Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb and higher of Ni medians were found in all studied leukaemia patients. The median rank obtained by Mann–Whitney U-test revealed insignifi cant differences between the leukaemia patients subgroups and the controls. An exact probability (α < 0.05) associated with the U-test showed signifi cant differences between medians in leukaemia patients and controls groups for Pb (lymphatic/control, acute/control), Cu (lymphatic/control, chronic/control), Ni (lymphatic/control, chronic/control) and Fe (chronic/control). Very strong positive and negative correlations (r > 0.70) in the scalp hair of control group were observed between Ni/Fe-Ni, Cu/Fe-Cu, Zn/Fe-Zn, Pb/Fe-Pb, Cu/Ni-Zn/Ni, Cu/Ni-Pb/Ni, Zn/Ni-Pb/Ni, Zn/Fe-Zn/Cu, Pb/Ni-Ni and Ni/Fe-Pb/Ni, whereas only very strong positive ratios in the scalp hair of leukaemia patients group were observed between Ni/Fe-Ni, Cu/Fe-Cu, Zn/Fe-Zn and Pb/Fe-Pb, all correlations were signifi cant at p < 0.05. Other strong and signifi cant correlations were also observed in scalp hair of both groups. Signifi cant differences between grouping of studied TEs in all classifi ed leukaemia groups and controls were found using principal component analysis (PCA). The results of PCA confi rmed that the type and the growth of leukaemia factors were more important in element loading than the age factor.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 3; 111-120
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Badania przydatności bezwzorcowej analizy metodą XRF do określania składu chemicznego materiałów metalurgicznych
    Investigations on usefulness of non-model analysis by XRF method for determination of chemical composition of metallurgical materials
    Autorzy:
    Stankiewicz, G.
    Kubiczek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181817.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
    Tematy:
    skład chemiczny
    fluorescencyjna spektrometria rentgenowska
    analiza bezwzorcowa
    materiały metalurgiczne
    chemical composition
    X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
    non-model analysis
    metallurgical materials
    Opis:
    Celem pracy było zbadanie i sprecyzowanie granic przydatności bezwzorcowej analizy metodą XRF do badania składu chemicznego różnych materiałów. Badaniami objęto stale (nisko-, średnio- i wysokostopowe), stopy metali(niklu, kobaltu, chromu, tytanu, miedzi, aluminium, cynku, magnezu, cyrkonu, ołowiu) oraz surowce (rudy żelaza, manganu, chromu) i odpady hutnicze (żużle, pyły). Szeroki asortyment materiałów umożliwił dokonanie oceny dla których matryc można uzyskać wyniki w największym stopniu zbliżone do wyników analizy ilościowej.
    The purpose of the work was to investigate and specify the limits of usefulness of non-model analysis by XRF method for investigation on chemical composition of different materials. The investigations included steels (low-, mediumand high-alloy steels), metal alloys (nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, copper, aluminium, zinc, magnesium, zirconium, and lead alloys) as well as raw materials (iron, manganese, and chromium ores) and steelmaking waste (slags, dusts). Such a wide range of materials allowed the determination of matrices for which results to the highest extent similar to the results of quantitative analysis can be obtained.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2013, T. 65, nr 1, 1; 16-21
    0137-9941
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Major, minor, and trace elements in whole blood of patients with different leukemia patterns
    Autorzy:
    Khuder, A.
    Bakir, M. A.
    Solaiman, A.
    Issa, H.
    Habil, K.
    Mohammad, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146612.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    leukemia
    principal component analysis
    Student's t test
    whole blood
    X-ray fluorescence
    Opis:
    The elemental sensitivity method for X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied to determine S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, and Rb in the whole blood of leukemia patients and healthy volunteers. Leukemia samples were classified according to type, growth, and age of participants. Student’s t-test results showed that, the mean concentration of the studied elements was significantly lower in leukemia patients than that in controls. Strong mutual correlations (r greather than 0.50) in the whole blood of leukemia patients were observed between S-Ca, K-Fe, K-Ca, Fe-Zn, K-Zn, K-Rb, Fe-Rb, Zn-Rb, S-Cl, S-K, Ca-Fe, Cl-Ca, and Ca-Rb; whereas, S-K, S-Ca, S-Cl, Cl-K, Cl-Ca, Fe-Zn, Zn-Rb, Fe-Rb, K-Fe, and Zn-Br exhibited strong relationships (r greather than 0.50) in the whole blood of controls, all were significant at p less than 0.05. Significant differences between grouping of studied elements in the control group and all classified leukemia groups, except younger age-group, were obtained using principal component analysis. The study indicated appreciably different patterns of element distribution and mutual relationships in the whole blood of leukemia patients in comparison with controls.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 3; 389-399
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Source apportionment of the PM10 fraction of particulate matter collected in Kraków, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Samek, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146888.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    air pollution
    energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF)
    elemental concentration
    particulate matter
    statistical analyses
    PCA - principal component factor analysis
    MLRA - multilinear regression analysis
    Opis:
    Samples of PM10 fraction of air particulates were collected during the winter of 2010 at two different sites in the City of Kraków, Poland. One site was located nearby a steel mill (Nowa Huta district) and the second one was situated at a distance of 10 km from the first site (Krowodrza district). The measured mass concentrations of PM10 fraction were in the range of 33 to 358 μg/m3. They exceeded the permissible daily limit value of 50 μg/m3. The Voivodship Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in Kraków was in charge of collecting samples as well as determining mass concentrations. Assessment of elemental concentrations and statistical analyses were performed at the University of Science and Technology in Kraków. Mean concentrations of Ti, Cu, Br and Pb were almost the same at both sites, while those of K, Ca and Zn were two times higher at Nowa Huta than at Krowodrza. Cr, Mn and Fe mass concentrations were also higher at Nowa Huta site; the values were a factor of three higher for Cr and Mn and factor of four for Fe. Factor analysis (FA) and multilinear regression analysis (MLRA) were used to determine source contributions to ambient PM10. The measurements were based on PM10 composition data which included elemental concentrations. Local combustion, industry and other, not identified sources, such as secondary aerosols, were the factors that highly contributed to the pollution of PM10 during winter time. For the site at Nowa Huta 53.1% of pollution was attributable to combustion and traffic, 28.5% was due to industry and wood combustion, and 18.3% were not identified. For the Krowodrza site, industry and wood combustion contributed 46.1%, combustion and traffic 50.4% and other, not identified sources 3.5% of the total PM10. Examination of meteorological data suggested that the concentration of potassium was inversely proportional to ambient air temperature at both sites. A wood combustion was identified as possible source of potassium in PM10.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 4; 601-606
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of X-ray fluorescence techniques for the determination of hazardous and essential trace elements in environmental and biological materials
    Autorzy:
    Bamford, S.
    Wegrzynek, D.
    Chinea-Cano, E.
    Markowicz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147255.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    biological material
    environmental materials
    X-ray fluorescence analysis
    Opis:
    The utilization of X-ray fluorescence technique for the determination of trace element concentrations in environmental and biological samples is presented. The analytical methods used include energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence with polarizing secondary targets, total reflection X-ray fluorescence, direct in-situ X-ray fluorescence, and micro-beam X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. These methods were applied to analysis of different samples including soil, water, plant material and airborne particulate matter collected on polycarbonate filters. The performance and achieved detection limits of elements for different techniques, established by measuring appropriate reference standards, are presented. Also described is the utilization of micro-beam X-ray fluorescence technique for studying element distribution in heterogeneous samples and investigating the 2D- and 3D-morphology of minute samples by means of computerized X-ray absorption and X-ray fluorescence tomography. The different X-ray techniques have their unique advantages. The micro-beam X-ray fluorescence set-up has an advantage of producing very well collimated primary X-ray beam (about 15 mm in diameter), in front of which the analyzed sample can be precisely positioned, providing local information about the sample composition. The energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence with secondary targets offers rapid analysis of broad range of elements (Na–U) combined with a simple sample preparation method. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence technique, characterized by the lowest detection limits of elements, has its leading edge in analysis of liquid samples, and dealing with particle size effects in air particulates collected on filter papers. In-situ X-ray fluorescence spectrometers are truly portable and enable on the spot, in field analysis. It is shown that the combination of several XRF methods
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2004, 49, 3; 87-95
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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