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Wyszukujesz frazę "The Great War" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
In the Streets. The (Non-)Everyday Life in the City of Łodź during the Great War
Autorzy:
Karpińska, Ewa G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
everydayness
non-everydayness
Łódź
the Great War
Opis:
In this essay, I demonstrate how extraordinary was, in fact, the ordinary life in Łódź from the autumn of 1914 to the autumn of 1918, as illustrated by the texts in Nowy Kurjer Łódzki and Nowa Gazeta Łódzka, the two Polish-language daily newspapers issued in the city. I focus on the actions which, once considered everyday, i.e. ordinary and even routine, entered into the field of extraordinariness and created new norms and new routines, or even took control, as a result. I am interested in only those practices and events which unfold in the city space, outside the home and family, i.e. in the areas associated with general accessibility to all the residents.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2015, 192, 4; 549-558
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odkrywanie cielesności. O bohaterkach powieści „Łuk” Juliusza Kadena-Bandrowskiego i „Kochanek Lady Chatterley” Dawida Herberta Lawrence’a
Exploring Sensuality. Female Characters in “Łuk” by J. Kaden-Bandrowski and “Lady Chatterley’s Lover” by D.H. Lawrence
Autorzy:
Głowacka-Czarnopyś, Greta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1520344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
modern literature
novel
female character
sensuality
the Great War
Opis:
The article contains a comparative analysis of twofemaleprotagonists in Łuk by Juliusz Kaden Bandrowski and Lady Chatterley’s Lover by David Herbert Lawrence. The comparison draws from the fact that both writers were considered as scandalizing by their contemporaries. The two discussed novels present transformations of the heroines, socially liberatedas a result of the Great War. The article analyses the female discovery of sensuality as a common motif of the two novels. It shows the literary images of feminine sensuality in the context of interwar vitality, aesthetic experience of human body and sexuality perceived as visual and tactile sensations. 
Źródło:
Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze; 2018, 13; 233-248
2082-9701
2720-0078
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The End of the 1914–1918 War in Africa
Autorzy:
Samson, Anne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888953.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
Africa
the local voice
Versailles peace talks
colonialism
Great War literature
Opis:
The end of the First World War in Africa occurred at different times across the continent as the German colonies capitulated and surrendered to the allied forces between 26 August 1914 and 25 November 1918. The experience of each territory was indicative of its colonial development and local conditions. As the war inched across the landscape so people moved between states of peace and conflict, all caught up in some aspect either directly or through the provision of food and other materials. This chapter explores different experiences across the continent and the legacy of the discussions at Versailles.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 83-110
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kreatywność za drutem kolczastym: archeologia i sztuka okopowa z pierwszowojennego obozu jenieckiego w Czersku (woj. pomorskie)
Creativity behind barbed wire: archaeology and trench art from a prisoner of war camp in Czersk (Pomeranian province)
Autorzy:
Kobiałka, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023861.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
the Great War
prisoner of war camp
Czersk
trench art
archaeology
Opis:
This article discusses the results of archaeological and anthropological research concerning material remains of a prisoner of war camp in Czersk (Pomeranian province, Poland) (Kriegsgefangenenlager Czersk). In the first part, I sketch a broader historical context related to building and functioning of the camp in forests around Czersk between 1914–1919. After that, the role and meaning of  archaeological research on such type of archaeological sites are presented. In the third part, I focus on a very special category of the camp heritage which is called trench art. The last part of this paper is a case study where an assemblage of objects classified as trench art that was found at the camp is described and interpreted. This text aims at highlighting the value of such prisoners and camp’s heritage. Such material culture is a material memory of extraordinary prisoners’ creativity behind barbed wire. It makes one aware of how every piece of trash, rubbish was re-cycled during day-to-day life behind barbed wire.
Źródło:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2018, 23; 105-136
0239-8524
2450-5846
Pojawia się w:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review: Anna Branach-Kallas and Piotr Sadkowski Comparing Grief in French, British and Canadian Great War Fiction (1977–2014) (Katarzyna Więckowska)
Autorzy:
Więckowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888992.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
grief
trauma
French Great War fiction
Canadian Great War fiction
British Great War fiction
cultural memory
Opis:
Comparing Grief in French, British and Canadian Great War Fiction (1977–2014) (2018) by Anna Branach-Kallas and Piotr Sadkowski attests to the widespread and continuing impact of the First World War, which it examines in a selection of British, French, English-Canadian, and French-Canadian novels written in the last forty years. Signifi cantly, in contrast to the prevailing analytical framework, Branach-Kallas and Sadkowski do not focus on literary representations of combat and front life, but on texts that depict the long-lasting aftermath of the war in order to investigate the psychological and social eff ects of the confl ict and to inquire into why the war refuses to be buried in the past. Comparing Grief explores the “changed reality” after the Great War and analyses the cultural trauma produced by the war in France, Canada, and Britain, focusing on shell-shock and the ensuing disintegration of individual identity and communal bonds.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 249-255
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jeńcy austro-węgierscy w niewoli rosyjskiej w okresie przedrewolucyjnym (sierpień 1914 – luty 1917)
Austro-Hungarian POWs in Russian captivity during the pre-revolutionary period (August 1914 – February 1917)
Autorzy:
Miodowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
The Great War
the Austro Hungarian prisoners of war
captivity in Russia
POW camps
Opis:
During the Great War between 2.2 and 2.3 million POWs from the Central Powers were taken to Russian captivity. Most of them were citizens of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. They became POWs mostly during the years 1914–1916. Apart from those captured during fighting or wounded, the captivity was the final destination for deserters and those who voluntarily decided to surrender themselves to the enemy on the battlefield. The motives of the latter ones were varied. Irrespective of the circumstances, however, in which the Austro-Hungarian solders found themselves in Russian captivity, their further fates as POWs were equally harsh. The hardships of captivity were felt more by the officers and Austrian and Hungarian soldiers, and to a lesser degree by those from the so-called “friendly nations”. POWs of Slavic ethnicity had been treated, prior to February 1917, relatively favourably and had much more freedom in, for instance, everyday contacts with the Russian civilian population. The period of captivity lasting several years put many Austro-Hungarian POWs (mainly Slavs) onto the path of enculturation with Russianness. That process and a parallel socialisation of this particular group of military men forced to learn to live among Russians both remain the most intriguing and still un-researched social phenomena caused by the Great War. That process gained new dynamics and another direction due to the outbreak of both Russian revolutions in 1917. Especially the latter one brought about by bolsheviks resulted in grave consequences not only in terms of individual dimension affecting individual POWs, but also in a wider social dimension, the consequences of which were to become apparent on a wider spectrum and after a longer time, i.e. in the home countries of the POWs upon their return from captivity.
Źródło:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne; 2016, 14
1425-1930
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Why and How Should We ‘Remember’ the Great War?
Autorzy:
Sokołowska-Paryż, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888703.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
historical distance
belatedness
cultural memory
alternate history
the Last Veteran
Opis:
In his alternate history novel After Dachau, Daniel Quinn envisages a chilling dystopian reality two thousand years after the Second World War. The most meaningful scene is set in a history class during which it becomes clear that for both the teacher and the students the battle of Verdun has as little meaning as the battles of Thermopylae and Hastings (120). Despite its ostentatiously implausible plot, Quinn’s novel poses the highly relevant question of the impact of an inevitable and ever-increasing temporal distance on the signifi cance of historical events for contemporary and future generations. In other words, how are societies to ‘remember’ their past if there is no one left who actually remembers it?
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 5-11
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Great War, Independence, and Latvian Literature
Autorzy:
Kalnačs, Benedikts
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971983.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
1918
Baltic history
the Great War
historical representations
Latvian literature
Pauls Bankovskis
Opis:
The article focuses on the representation of the year 1918 in Latvian literature. On November 18, the independent Republic of Latvia was proclaimed, and in the years to come international recognition of the state’s sovereignty followed. In retrospect, this event stimulated a number of salutary descriptions and interpretations and certainly provides a milestone in the history of the Latvian nation. It is, however, also important to discuss the proclamation of independence in the context of the Great War that brought a lot of suffering to the inhabitants of Latvia. Therefore, a critical evaluation of the events preceding the year 1918 is certainly worthy of discussion. The article first sketches the historical and geopolitical contexts of the period immediately before and during the Great War as well as the changed situation in its aftermath. This introduction is followed by a discussion of the novel 18 (2014) by the contemporary Latvian author Pauls Bankovskis (b. 1973) that provides a critical retrospective of the events leading to the proclamation of the nation state from a twenty-first century perspective. Bankovskis employs an intertextual approach, engaging with a number of earlier publications dealing with the same topic. Among the authors included are Anna Brigadere, Aleksandrs Grīns, Sergejs Staprāns, Mariss Vētra, and others. The paper contextualizes the contribution of these writers within the larger historical picture of the Great War and the formation of the nation states and speculates on the contemporary relevance of the representation of direct experience, and the use of written sources related to these events.
Źródło:
Przegląd Humanistyczny; 2018, 62(4 (463)); 9-21
0033-2194
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Humanistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Witnessing the Great War in Britain: Centenaries and the Making of Modern Identities
Autorzy:
Wilson, Ross J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
commemorative practice
mourning
political witnesses
moral witnesses
social witnesses
Opis:
As the centenaries of the events of the Great War are commemorated in Britain, a wave of new memorials and commemorative practices have been developed. These are additions to an already well-established ‘landscape of memory,’ with memorials built in the war’s immediate aftermath across villages, towns and cities in Britain. This article examines these new sites of memory and mourning to reveal how social, moral and political identi- ties within contemporary Britain are constructed through places that enable individuals and communities to ‘bear witness’ to the conflict.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 233-248
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mobilising the Red Cross Journal: A Charity’s Periodical in Wartime
Autorzy:
Gehrhardt, Marjorie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888917.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Red Cross Journal
Red Cross Societies
the Great War
relief work
wartime propaganda
VAD
Opis:
The first issue of the Red Cross Journal was published in January 1914, only eight months before the outbreak of the First World War. This article explores the impact of the war on this publication, as the work of the charity it represented dramatically expanded over the course of the conflict. How did the Journal survive the war, at a time when the Red Cross was deeply involved in supporting soldiers? This article examines the genesis of this publication and its evolving role during the war. This periodical, we argue, not only helped raise awareness of the work carried out by the Red Cross, but it also served practical purposes in the areas of training and funding. This publication reveals an increasingly critical stance towards the British Empire’s enemies in the war, as well as the need for the British Red Cross Society to foster a sense of unity amongst members posted around the world.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 13-32
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Happy is the Land that Needs No Heroes
Autorzy:
Coates, Donna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/889014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
Australian war literature
Canadian war literature
ANZAC
the battle of Vimy Ridge
cultural memory/amnesia
Opis:
This essay interrogates two articles by the Canadian historian Jeff Keshen and the Australian historian Mark Sheftall, which assert that the representations of soldiers in the First World War (Anzacs in Australia, members of the Canadian Expeditionary Forces, the CEF), are comparable. I argue, however, that in reaching their conclusions, these historians have either overlooked or insufficiently considered a number of crucial factors, such as the influence the Australian historian/war correspondent C. E. W. Bean had on the reception of Anzacs, whom he venerated and turned into larger-than-life men who liked fighting and were good at it; the significance of the “convict stain” in Australia; and the omission of women writers’ contributions to the “getting of nationhood” in each country. It further addresses why Canadians have not embraced Vimy (a military victory) as their defining moment in the same way as Australians celebrate the landing at Anzac Cove (a military disaster), from which they continue to derive their sense of national identity. In essence, this essay advances that differences between the two nations’ representations of soldiers far outweigh any similarities.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 111-142
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mesjanizm Stanisława Przybyszewskiego
Autorzy:
Grajek, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/607736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
messianism
“Zdrój”
Juliusz Słowacki
the Great War
expressionism
mesjanizm
„Zdrój”
I wojna światowa
ekspresjonizm
Opis:
The article describes the path of Stanisław Przybyszewski, broadly considered as a decadent towards the messianism concept. Basing on the theory of five world views by Michał Łuczewski, the author presents the writer’s apoliticism and life choices. The article outlines the romantic basis of Przybyszewski’s mindset, as well as the impact which the changing environment – move to Berlin, editing “Życie” magazine in Kraków, and years of cooperation with Poznań’s based “Zdrój” – had on him. The paper describes a significant influence that Juliusz Słowacki’s writing – especially the ones from his last, genesian period – had on the writer. The author analyses Przybyszewski’s perspective on Słowacki – first in the period of editing “Życie”, and later – working with “Zdrój”. The article distinguishes the contrast of influence which Słowacki had on Przybyszewski and Wincenty Lutosławski. The author points to the crucial rationale for writer’s changing world view: time of the Great War, and his financial problems due to declining popularity. This period is presented as the time of exploration – resulting in Przybyszewski’s turn to the romantic ideas of mysticism and messianism.
Artykuł przedstawia drogę Stanisława Przybyszewskiego, uważanego powszechnie za dekadenta, do idei mesjanistycznej. Autor tekstu, na podstawie teorii pięciu światopoglądów stworzonej przez Michała Łuczewskiego, przedstawia apolityczność pisarza i jego życiowe wybory. W artykule ukazane zostaje romantyczne podglebie światopoglądu Przybyszewskiego, a także konsekwencje wynikające ze zmian przezeń środowiska – od wyjazdu do Berlina, przez okres redagowania krakowskiego „Życia”, po lata współpracy z poznańskim „Zdrojem”. W tekście omówiono również przemożny wpływ na pisarza utworów Juliusza Słowackiego z jego ostatniego, genezyjskiego okresu. Na zasadzie kontrastu przedstawione zostały dwie drogi inspiracji Słowackim – Przybyszewskiego oraz Wincentego Lutosławskiego. Analizie poddano również stosunek pisarza do Słowackiego zarówno w okresie redagowania krakowskiego „Życia”, jak i późniejszej współpracy z poznańskim „Zdrojem”. Jako najistotniejsze przyczyny przemian światopoglądowych Przybyszewskiego wskazane zostają załamanie sytuacji finansowej pisarza, wynikające ze spadku popularności jego utworów, oraz trudna sytuacja literata podczas wielkiej wojny. Ten moment, zdaniem autora artykułu, stanowi w biografii Przybyszewskiego czas poszukiwań, zwieńczony zwrotem pisarza w stronę romantycznych idei mistycyzmu i mesjanizmu.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF – Philologia; 2015, 33, 1
0239-426X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF – Philologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Great War Revisited: The Laughter of the Fool and the Shame of the Coward in Paul Bailey’s Old Soldiers
Autorzy:
Sokołowska-Paryż, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888847.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Paul Bailey
Ted Hughes
literature
the Great War
veteran
crisis of masculinity
laughter
shame
Opis:
The purpose of the paper is an analysis of the representations of the cultural memory of the Great War in Paul Bailey’s novel Old Soldiers. The discussion will focus on the metaphorical representation of the futility myth (laughter) and the psychological representation of the crisis of masculinity (shame). The laughter of the fool has obvious connotations with the Book of Ecclesiastes, yet, as the analysis will prove, the depiction of the memory of the first day of the Somme battle through the prism of laughter has an important predecessor in Ted Hughes’s poetic sequence Crow. The attempts to escape the memory of cowardly conduct will be set in the context of the psychology of shame, which will allow deeper insight into the construction of the antihero in British literature about the Great War.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2012, 21/1; 17-30
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Like being trapped in a drum”: The Poetics of Resonance in Frances Itani’s Deafening
Autorzy:
Šlapkauskaitė, Rūta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
post-memory
deafness
body memory
resonance
sensual recollection of the past
prosthetic memories
the Great War
Opis:
This paper considers how Frances Itani’s Deafening imaginatively rethinks our understanding of the Great War in the age of postmemory. Seeing as the novel is set in Canada and Europe during the First World War and takes as its protagonist a deaf woman, the poetic attention given to the senses as a horizon of phenomenological experience magnifies the moral bonds that the characters establish in defi ance of both deafness and death. Guided by the theoretical reasoning of Marianne Hirsch, Elaine Scarry, and Alison Landsberg as well as contemporary phenomenological thinking, most significantly that of Edward S. Casey, Steven Connor, Michel Serres, and Jean-Luc Nancy, this paper examines how the novel’s attentiveness to the materiality of the body in regard to the ethical collisions of sound and silence as well as life and death contributes to a poetics of resonance that generates prosthetic memories, turning the anonymous record of war into a private experience of moral endurance inscribed on the ear of historical legacy.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 201-232
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wydarzenia 1918 roku i ich konsekwencje we współczesnych litewskich podręcznikach historii
Events of 1918 and their consequences in present day Lithuanian history textbooks
Autorzy:
Kasperavičius, Algis
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396164.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Wielka Wojna
Litwa
podręczniki
historia
1918 rok
the Great War
Lithuania
textbooks
history
1918
Opis:
Po 1990 r. nauczanie historii, zwłaszcza najnowszej, zostało na Litwie zreformowane. Opracowano nowe podręczniki, na początku jako pomoce naukowe. Z czasem pojawiły się prawdziwe podręczniki historii Litwy oraz tak zwane podręczniki zintegrowane. We wszystkich podręcznikach wydarzenia 1918 r. są przedstawiane jako część dziejów powszechnych, warunkujących utworzenie państwa litewskiego. Zaistniałe warunki zostały pomyślnie wykorzystane przez polityków litewskich. Z podręczników, nie bez wpływu zaleceń dwustronnej polsko-litewskiej komisji ekspertów, wyeliminowano stereotypowy negatywny obraz Polski i Polaków, rozpowszechniony na Litwie w okresie międzywojennym.
After 1990 teaching history, in particular recent, was reformed in Lithuania. New textbooks were developed, first as didactic aids. Over time emerged real textbooks for the history of Lithuania as well as so-called integrated textbooks. All textbooks present the events of 1918 as part of the world history determining the foundation of the Lithuanian state. The circumstances were successfully used by Lithuanian politicians. The stereotypical negative image of Poland and Poles, widespread in Lithuania in the interwar period, was eliminated from textbooks, not without the influence of the Polish-Lithuanian bilateral expert committee.
Źródło:
Studia Podlaskie; 2019, 27; 165-175
0867-1370
Pojawia się w:
Studia Podlaskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Existait-il un argot des poilus ?
Was there an argot of the poilus?
Autorzy:
Goudaillier, Jean-Pierre
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/966794.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
argot
argot of poilus
the Great War
neologisms
argot des poilus
grande guerre
néologismes
Opis:
There are few linguistic studies about the register of the French language spoken during the First World War, on the front and behind it. There are many written testimonies, but not all have been analysed and therefore it is for the linguistic researchers to dig out into this vast corpus and present their conclusions. Even if since then the linguists have indicated that there is such an argot of the poilus, it’s of outmost importance, from a methodological perspective, to update the neologisms of the 1914–1918 War in order to determine if the French soldiers on the front did speak such an argot.
Peu d’études linguistiques sont consacrées au registre de langue française employé pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, ceci tant au front qu’à l’arrière. Les témoignages existants sous diverses formes écrites sont très nombreux, mais tous n’ont pas été exploités, tant s’en faut, et il incombe aux chercheurs linguistes d’exploiter ce vaste corpus en le soumettant à leurs analyses. Même si dès la période de la guerre des linguistes ont pris position quant à l’existence d’un argot des poilus, il est important d’un point de vue méthodologique de mettre au jour les néologismes de l’époque de la guerre 14–18, afin d’établir l’existence d’un tel argot utilisé par les soldats français au front.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica; 2015, 010
1505-9065
2449-8831
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
British Film Propaganda in the Netherlands: Its Preconditions and Missed Opportunities
Autorzy:
Stachura, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
the Netherlands
wartime propaganda
indirect propaganda
cinema in wartime
The Battle of the Somme (film)
Opis:
British film propaganda directed at neutral countries was meant to strengthen the pro-British attitude or at least weaken pro-German sentiments in the neutral countries. Directed at the wide strata of neutral societies as well as at intellectual, military and economic elites, factual films from the battle lines were believed not only to counteract German propaganda but also to overshadow hostile actions taken by British government against economic and political freedoms of the neutrals. This article is an attempt at understanding the reasons for the eventual failure of British film propaganda in the Netherlands. While mentioning various conflict areas between the countries, it focuses on cultural entanglements and cultural networks that developed, though precariously, throughout the war. The neglect of existing connections between British and Dutch filmmakers and the hesitant if not hostile attitude of War Office Cinematograph Committee towards expensive adaptations of literary works, and feature films in general, might be perceived, the article argues, as one of the core reasons, along political and economic tensions, why Britain lost the battle for Dutch cinema audiences.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 51-81
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Beyond Inclusion and Exclusion. Jewish Experiences of the First World War in Central Europe, ed. Jason Crouthamel, Michael Geheran, Tim Grady, Julia Barbara Köhne, New York – London: Berghahn 2018, 407 pp.
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Akademia Zamojska
Tematy:
The Great War
Jews
military service
Austria-Hungary
Wielka Wojna
Żydzi
służba wojskowa
Austro-Węgry
Opis:
Recenzja publikacji: Beyond Inclusion and Exclusion. Jewish Experiences of the First World War in Central Europe, ed. Jason Crouthamel, Michael Geheran, Tim Grady, Julia Barbara Köhne, New York – London: Berghahn 2018, 407 pp.
Review of book: Beyond Inclusion and Exclusion. Jewish Experiences of the First World War in Central Europe, ed. Jason Crouthamel, Michael Geheran, Tim Grady, Julia Barbara Köhne, New York – London: Berghahn 2018, 407 pp.
Źródło:
Studia Żydowskie. Almanach; 2021, 11, 11; 161-165
2083-5574
Pojawia się w:
Studia Żydowskie. Almanach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Soldiers sections at the Jewish cemeteries of the former Krakow Fortress in the years 1914–1939
Kwatery żołnierskie na cmentarzach żydowskich w dawnej twierdzy Kraków w latach 1914–1939
Autorzy:
Schubert, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/369998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
Military cemeteries
Jewish cemeteries
Krakow
Podgórze
The Great War
Cmentarze wojskowe
cmentarze żydowski
Kraków
Wielka Wojna
Opis:
This article is an attempt at recreating the history of the soldiers' sections of Jewish cemeteries within the former Krakow Fortress, ranging from those established during the Great War to the present. The sites in question are the Jewish necropolises at Miodowa Street – for the Jewish Community of the city of Krakow, and near Jerozolimska Street, for the town of Podgórze. During the Nazi German occupation, several valuable sepulchral monuments were destroyed and the soldiers' section was drastically downscaled and vandalised, while the old cemetery at Jerozolimska Street ceased to exist.
Artykuł jest próbą odtworzenia dziejów kwater żołnierskich na cmentarzach żydowskich w obrębie dawnej Twierdzy Kraków od ich założonych, w latach Wielkiej Wojny, do czasów obecnych Były to nekropolie żydowskie przy ul. Miodowej – dla Gminy Żydowskiej miasta Krakowa i przy ulicy Jerozolimskiej dla miasta Podgórza. W czasie okupacji niemieckiej na cmentarzu przy ul. Miodowej zniszczono szereg wartościowych pomników nagrobnych oraz w ogromnym stopniu zmniejszono i zdewastowano kwaterę żołnierską, natomiast stary cmentarz przy ulicy Jerozolimskiej przestał istnieć.
Źródło:
Przestrzeń i Forma; 2019, 39; 279-298
1895-3247
2391-7725
Pojawia się w:
Przestrzeń i Forma
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
World Travellers: Colonial Loyalties, Border Crossing and Cosmopolitanism in Recent Postcolonial First World War Novels
Autorzy:
Branach-Kallas, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888773.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
colonial loyalties
cosmopolitanism
Indigenous writing
Alan Cumyn
Thomas Kenneally
Gerald Vizenor
cultural memory
Opis:
This article offers a comparative analysis of the representation of travelling men and women in The Sojourn (2003) by Canadian writer Alan Cumyn, The Daughters of Mars (2012) by Australian novelist Thomas Kenneally and Blue Ravens: Historical Novel (2014) by North American indigenous author Gerald Vizenor. These three novels explore the cliché of colonial loyalties, illustrating the diverse motivations that led individuals from North America and Australia to volunteer for the war. Cumyn, Kenneally and Vizenor undermine the stereotypical location of the colonial traveller in an uncultured space; in their fiction the war provides a pretext to expose imperial ideologies, to redefi ne collective identities, as well as to rethink the relationship between the local and the cosmopolitan. As a result, the First World War is reconfi gured in terms of border crossing, contact and/or transcultural exchange, which result in radical shifts in consciousness, a critique of imperialism, as well as aspirations for cultural/political autonomy.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 183-200
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“War song of America”: The Vigilantes and American Propagandistic Poetry of the First World War
Autorzy:
Prieto, Sara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888681.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
the Vigilantes
the (US) Committee of Public Information (CIP)
wartime propaganda
Fifes and Drums
American poetry
Opis:
When the United States entered the First World War in April 1917, the Committee of Public Information (CPI) organised several branches of propaganda to advertise and promote the war in hundreds of magazines and newspapers nationwide. One of these organisations was the group of writers known as “the Vigilantes.” This essay examines Fifes and Drums: A Collection of Poems of America at War (1917), published by the Vigilantes a few months after the American declaration of war. The discussion frames the context under which the Vigilantes conceived their poems as well as the main strategies that they employed to poetically portray the role that the United States was to play in the conflict.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 33-49
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How to Tell the War? Trench Warfare and the Realist Paradigm in First World War Narratives
Autorzy:
Löschnigg, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
The Great War
trench warfare
the realist paradigm
British Great War literature
German Great War literature
Edmund Blunden
Robert Graves
Charles Yale Harrison
Ernst Jünger
Ludwig Renn
Edelf Köppen
Opis:
This paper will analyze how memoirs and novels of the First World War reflect the challenges which modern warfare poses to realist narrative. Mechanized warfare resists the narrative encoding of experience. In particular, the nature of warfare on the Western Front 1914–1918, characterized by the fragmentation of vision in the trenches and the exposure of soldiers to a continuous sequence of acoustic shocks, had a disruptive effect on perceptions of time and space, and consequently on the rendering of the chronotope in narrative accounts of the fighting. Under the conditions of the Western Front, the order-creating and meaning-creating function of narrative seemed to have become suspended. As I want to show, these challenges account for a fundamental ambivalence in memoirs and novels which have largely been regarded as paradigmatically ‘realistic’ and ‘authentic’ anti-war narratives. Their documentary impetus, i.e. the claim to tell the ‘truth’ about the war, is often countered by textual fragmentation and a “cinematic telescoping of time” (Williams 29), i.e. by a structure which implies that such a ‘truth’ could not really be articulated. In consequence, these texts also explore the relationship between fact and fiction in the attempt at rendering an authentic account of the modern war experience. My examples are Edmund Blunden’s Undertones of War (1928), Robert Graves’s Goodbye to All That (1929) and the novel Generals Die in Bed (1930) by the Canadian Charles Yale Harrison, as well as German examples like Ernst Jünger’s In Stahlgewittern (1920; The Storm of Steel, 1929), Ludwig Renn’s Krieg (1928; War, 1929) and Edlef Köppen’s Heeresbericht (1930; Higher Command, 1931).
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2018, 27/3; 143-161
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozejmy i traktaty Wielkiej Wojny na Wschodzie
Truces and treaties of the Great War in the East
Autorzy:
Lityński, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Rosja bolszewicka
narody
prawdziwy koniec Wielkiej Wojny
Bolshevik Russia
nations
true end of the Great War
Opis:
The first peace treaty in World War I was the separatist treaty between Bolshevik Russia and the Central Powers. It was concluded on March 3, 1918 in Brest Litovsk (Brześć Litewski). On November 13, 1918 Bolshevik Russia terminated the separatist Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The Red Army started moving west. The aim was to introduce the communist revolution to Germany and other countries.
Pierwszym traktatem pokojowym w I wojnie światowej był separatystyczny traktat Rosji bolszewickiej z państwami centralnymi. Zawarty został 3 marca 1918 r. w Brześciu Litewskim. Już 13 listopada 1918 r. Rosja bolszewicka wypowiedziała separatystyczny traktat brzeski. Armia Czerwona ruszyła na zachód. Celem było zaniesienie rewolucji komunistycznej do Niemiec i innych krajów.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2019, 18, 1; 9-28
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alsace Reclaimed. French Joys, Hopes, and Problems on the Eve of the Paris Peace Conference (1919)
Alzacja odzyskana. Francuskie radości, nadzieje i problemy u progu konferencji paryskiej (1919)
Autorzy:
Nossowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33770818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Alsace
1918
the Great War 1914–1918
Paris Conference
Alzacja
Wielka Wojna 1914–1918
konferencja paryska
Opis:
When in 1918 Alsace and Lorraine were returned to France, it was accompanied by a great joy and not only an official optimism, which can be found in the press coverage of that time. Nevertheless, the reintegration of the recovered provinces was associated with a number of problems, the nature and scale of which were not expected by the French side. Already at the end of 1918 and the beginning of 1919 the most important issues emerged; these were primarily all the issues related to respecting, or disrespecting, by the French state all the local cultural and language differences (e.g. in schools and administration), the local laws, recognizing the role of religion, e.g. not introducing the Act from 9 December 1905, respecting the role of the Alsatian dialect, and taking into account the fact that the vast majority of the Alsatians could not speak French. During preparations for the Paris conference, the most important issue was to confirm the incorporation of the reclaimed provinces into France without a referendum, the conditions and discussions regarding their nationality in the name of the nations’ self-determination. The diplomatic and military steps (taking over the previously lost provinces by the French troops) was accompanied by the creation of a fait accompli in the newly seized territories and the intensive propaganda campaign which involved e.g., creating in the press an image of Alsace that was French, joyful and absolutely unwavering it terms of its nationality.
Kiedy w 1918 roku Alzacja i Lotaryngia na powrót stały się francuskie, towarzyszyła temu ogromna radość i nie tylko urzędowy optymizm, które widoczne są w relacjach prasowych z tego okresu. Jednak reintegracja odzyskanych prowincji niosła za sobą wiele problemów, których ani charakteru, ani rozmiaru nie spodziewano się po francuskiej stronie. Już na przełomie 1918 i 1919 r. najważniejsze z nich ujawniły się: były to przede wszystkim sprawy związane z poszanowaniem lub nie przez państwo francuskie lokalnych odrębności kulturowych i językowych (m.in. w szkołach i administracji) oraz lokalnego prawa, uwzględnienie roli religii czyli nie wprowadzanie prawa z 9 grudnia 1905 r., poszanowania roli dialektu alzackiego oraz wzięcia pod uwagę faktu nieznajomości przez większą część Alzatczyków języka francuskiego. W okresie przygotowań do konferencji paryskiej najważniejszą jednak sprawą było potwierdzenie włączenia odzyskanych prowincji do Francji bez plebiscytu, warunków i dyskusji nad ich narodowościowym charakterem w imię zasady samostanowienia narodów. Akcji dyplomatycznej i militarnej (zajęcie utraconych prowincji przez wojska francuskie) towarzyszyło tworzenie faktów dokonanych na nowoprzejętych ziemiach oraz intensywna akcja propagandowa polegająca m.in. na tworzeniu w prasie obrazu francuskiej, radosnej i absolutnie nie wahającej się jeśli chodzi o jej przynależność państwową Alzacji.
Źródło:
Res Historica; 2022, 54; 355-376
2082-6060
Pojawia się w:
Res Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Great Patriotic War in Russian history textbooks
Autorzy:
Moskwa, Dagmara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
the Great Patriotic War
history teaching
Russia
historical policy
Vladimir Putin
Opis:
The Great Patriotic War in Russian history textbooksThe topic of this article is presenting how the Great Patriotic War (GPW) is depicted in Russian national history textbooks. Here, I consider textbooks not only as a source of knowledge about the past times, but first and foremost as a tool to create the state’s historical policy. I examine the GPW, in turn, as a fundamental myth of the Russian society which-without any doubt-constitutes one of the main pillars of identity of modern Russians. Another subject of this study is the changes in Russian education that took place in 2013-2015, that is during the presidency of Vladimir Putin. In so doing, I focus primarily on the creation of the concept of a new educational and methodological complex for teaching national history and the introduction of new national history textbooks (the idea of the so-called “single textbook”). I strive to show in the article that the picture of the GPW in the new textbooks is mainly based on success-of the Red Army, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Soviet nation. Wielka Wojna Ojczyźniana w rosyjskich podręcznikach do historii ojczystejTematem niniejszego artykułu jest sposób przedstawiania Wielkiej Wojny Ojczyźnianej (WOW) w rosyjskich podręcznikach do historii ojczystej. Podręczniki traktuję przy tym nie tylko jako źródło wiedzy o czasach dawnych, lecz przede wszystkim jako narzędzie kreowania polityki historycznej państwa. WOW rozpatruję z kolei w kategoriach podstawowego mitu społeczeństwa rosyjskiego, który – ku czemu nie ma wątpliwości – stanowi jeden z podstawowych filarów tożsamości współczesnych Rosjan. Przedmiotem badań są także zmiany w rosyjskiej oświacie, które miały miejsce w latach 2013-2015, a zatem w trakcie prezydentury Władimira Putina. Skupiam się przy tym przede wszystkim na powstaniu koncepcji nowego kompleksu edukacyjno-metodycznego w zakresie nauczania historii ojczystej oraz wprowadzeniu nowych podręczników do historii ojczystej (idea tzw. „jednego podręcznika”). W artykule staram się pokazać, że obraz WOW w nowych podręcznikach oparty jest głównie na sukcesie – Armii Czerwonej, Związku Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich i narodu sowieckiego.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2018, 50
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
1914-1918 : les boissons des Poilus
Autorzy:
Goudaillier, Jean-Pierre
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041575.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Guerre 14-18
alcool
argot des Poilus
boissons
tranchées
the Great War
alcohol
argot of the poilus
beverage
trenches
Opis:
Pendant la Grande Guerre (1914-1918) les soldats ont été meurtris dans leur chair et leur esprit lors de combats sanglants (Goudaillier, 2016). Les désignations des aliments des Poilus ont été présentées dans une publication antérieure et il importe désormais d’étudier ce que ceux-ci buvaient, lorsqu’ils étaient au front, essentiellement lorsqu’ils se trouvaient en première ligne. En analysant des données issues d’écrits linguistiques (enquêtes linguistiques, dictionnaires) (cf., entre autres, Dauzat, 1918), d’écrits personnels de poilus (courrier [lettres, cartes postales] et carnets de guerre), de la presse du front et d’écrits littéraires (journaux de tranchées, romans, mémoires) (cf. Goudaillier, 2014), il est possible de mettre en valeur les termes et expressions populaires et / ou argotiques qu’utilisaient les combattants dans les tranchées côté français pour désigner les boissons (eau, café, vin et autres boissons alcoolisées) et les moyens pour les faire parvenir au front.
During the Great War (1914-1918), soldiers were bruised in their flesh and their spirit during bloody battles (Goudaillier, 2016). The food designations for poilus (French soldiers) were presented in a previous publication; it is now important to study what they were drinking when in the front line. By analysing data from linguistic writings – such as surveys and dictionaries (cf, among others, Dauzat, 1918) as well as personal writings of the poilus (mail, letters, postcards) and literary writings (war books, trench diaries, novels, memoirs) (see Goudaillier, 2014) – it is possible to highlight the popular and/or slang terms and expressions used by those fighters in trenches on the French side to designate drinks (water, coffee, wine, and other alcoholic beverages) as well as the linguistic means by which they were sent to the front.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica; 2019, 14; 21-31
1505-9065
2449-8831
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gry pamięci. Valiant Hearts: The Great War i My Memory of Us w perspektywie kultury historycznej
Games of Memory. Valiant Hearts: The Great War and My Memory of Us in the perspective of historical culture
Autorzy:
Pigulak, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Valiant Hearts: The Great War
My Memory of Us
historical games
historical culture
collective memory
game studies
Opis:
The paper aims to outline how video games Valiant Hearts: The Great War (Ubisoft Montpellier, 2014) and My Memory of Us (Juggler Games, 2018) use narrative and ludic structures to create commemorative stories about the First World War and the Second World War. The author refer to the concept of historical culture (among others, in Jörn Rüsen’s interpretation) and examine the connections between the two video games focusing on the issue of designers’ intentions (digital games as examples of the commemoration of the past), the genre similarity (2D platform games), the intermedial convergence and the press reception. He discusses the strategy of the cultural agreement between designers and users, analyzes historical narratives as a part of the gameplay, examines relations between the individual and collective’s perspective and characterizes immersion’s mechanisms which reinforce players’ identification with the victims of both wars.
Źródło:
Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication; 2021, 29, 38; 144-160
1731-450X
Pojawia się w:
Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Memory of the Great War in two books for children – Polish and English perspectives
Autorzy:
Zabawa, Krystyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40615050.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Bronisława Ostrowska
Kate Saunders
I wojna światowa
pamięć
literatura dziecięca
the Great War
memory
children’s literature
Opis:
Two books for children about the Great War will be discussed: Bohaterski miś [Heroic teddy bear] by Bronisława Ostrowska and Five Children on the Western Front by Kate Saunders. It will be a comparative analysis. The books differ in terms of national perspective (Polish and English), but also in the time of edition – just after the war and a hundred years later. Thus, Ostrowska’s memory about the war is her own memory, whereas Saunders’ writing can be called a postmemory narrative. The aim of the paper is to answer the questions: what is similar and what is different in the two selected children’s novels about the Great War? What are the ways of transmitting memory? What do the writers want to save for new generations?
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria; 2023, 23; 125-138
2081-1853
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dermot Bolger’s Ghosting the War
Autorzy:
Kędzierska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632516.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
Irish poetry of the Great War
Francis Ledwidge
hauntology
Dermot Bolger
trauma
remembrance
desensitization
nostalgia
past versus present
the unremembered
Opis:
Dermot Bolger’s Walking the Road (2007) is a tribute to Francis Ledwidge (1887-1917), one of the greatest Irish poets of the First World War. Focusing on the life and afterlife of Ledwidge who, as depicted in Bolger’s play, emblematizes the condition of other Great War combatants doomed to oblivion, this essay, concerned with the various functions of the deployment of ghosts in Bolger’s drama, argues that spectrality can become an effective means of revealing the plight of the war dead: the unremembered, whose names were effectively erased from public memory and who, thus turned into homeless revenants, were forced into a continual involvement in the war from which they cannot escape, even after death. As a spectral witness who moves between pre-warIreland and the world of the trenches, Bolger’s hero makes one aware how similar these realities are. Furthermore, as a classic case of shell shock, he demonstrates the role of haunting in the narrative of trauma, identity and memory. Last but not least, whilst enhancing the gothic dimension of the war, Frank’s perceptions, as well as his spectral discourse, not only contribute significantly to illuminating the enigma which he personified, but, by providing an insight into his search for himself, they convey the plight of truth seekers, as well as grasp, yet never fully encompass the Irish experience of the war.
Źródło:
Avant; 2017, 8, 2
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and its inhabitants during the Great Northern War in general Magnus Stenbock’s opinion
Autorzy:
Majewska, Gabriela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1592351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Polska
Sweden
the Great Northern War
Magnus Stenbock
Polska
Szwecja
wojna północna
Opis:
Magnus Stenbock należał do najwybitniejszych dowódców w armii Karola XII czasu wielkiej wojny północnej (1700–1721). Na ziemiach polskich przebywał w charakterze okupanta wraz ze szwedzkim wojskiem w latach 1702–1706. Jego nastawienie do Polski i Polaków wynikało z doświadczeń wojennych, zwłaszcza łatwych zwycięstw odnoszonych nad Polakami. Zwycięstwa utwierdziły Szwedów w przekonaniu o małej wartości militarnej armii przeciwnika i sprzyjały utrwaleniu się lekceważącego, przechodzącego w pogardę stosunku do mieszkańców ziem Rzeczpospolitej. Mimo że wielu Polaków stanęło po szwedzkiej stronie i współpracowało z najeźdźcą, Stenbock nie darzył ich zaufaniem, zarzucał obłudę, dwulicowość, niestałość w poglądach, oskarżał o nieposłuszeństwo i brak skrupułów. Sytuacja w jakiej znaleźli się kolaborujący z Karolem XII Polacy wymagała umiejętności lawirowania, tak by ściągane kontrybucje były możliwie najmniej uciążliwe. Bezwzględne metody ściągania przez Szwedów kontrybucji wyzwalały jednak w Polakach nieposłuszeństwo i opór. Obracając się wśród polskiej arystokracji i szlachty, Stenbock dostrzegał skłócenie, intrygi, rozwiązłość. Atrakcyjny dla szwedzkiego generała, nieprzywykłego do zbytku i przepychu, był wystawny tryb życia polskich wyższych sfer. Zainteresowanie budził nie tylko egzotyczny ubiór Polaków, ale także broń, srebrne zastawy stołowe, dywany, kosztowne tkaniny, futra, pościel, obrusy, lustra, zegary, obrazy. Wiele z tych przedmiotów Stenbock wywiózł w postaci łupów do Szwecji. Generał krytycznie oceniał wartość bojową polskiej armii, ale dla obrony Skanii przed Danią utworzył pospolite ruszenie chłopów na wzór polski. Przebywając 5 lat na ziemiach polskich Magnus Stenbock miał wiele okazji dobrze poznać Polaków. Często jednak wydawał uproszczone, przesadzone i niesprawiedliwe oceny. Wiele cech polskiego charakteru zasługiwało niewątpliwie na potępienie, ale na chwiejność,dwulicowość, lawirowanie czy nieposłuszeństwo społeczeństwa polskiego, na co skarżył się generał, wpływała sytuacja w jakiej znaleźli się kolaborujący ze Szwedami Polacy oraz postępowanie obcego wojska. Oceny i sądy wydawane przez Magnusa Stenbocka na temat Polski i jej mieszkańców nie odbiegały od opinii formułowanych przez Karola XII oraz innych szwedzkich dowódców wojskowych.
SummaryMagnus Stenbock was one of the most outstanding commanders in the army of Charles XII during the Great Northern War (1700–1721). Magnus spent the years 1702–1706 in the Polish territory as an invader with the Swedish troops. His attitude towards Poland and the Polish resulted from his war experience, especially the easy victories over the Polish. The victories confirmed the Swedes in their belief about the low military value of the Polish army and favoured a disdainful approach to the inhabitants of the Commonwealth. Although many Poles took sides with the Swedes and collaborated with them, Stenbock did not trust them, he accused them of hypocrisy, duplicity, instability in their opinions, disobedience and unscrupulousness. The situation of the Polish collaborating with Charles XII required a skill of manoeuvring, so that the exacted taxes would be the least possible burdensome, and on the other hand the ruthless methods of exacting the taxes triggered in the Polish resistance and disobedience. Socialising with the Polish aristocracy and gentry Stenbock noticed their quarrels, intrigues, and dissolution. Their lavish life was attractive for the Swedish general who was not accustomed to luxury and splendour. His interest was aroused not only by the exotic way the Polish got dressed, but also by their arms, silverware, carpets, expensive cloths, furs, bedclothes, tablecloths, mirrors, clocks, paintings. Magnus took many of those artefacts to Sweden as loots. The general harshly judged the Polish battle worthiness, but in defence of Scania against Denmark he formed a levy in mass of peasants following the example of Poland. Staying for five years in Poland Magnus Stenbock had many occasions to get to know the Polish; yet, he quite often gave simplified, exaggerated or unjust opinions. Many traits of the Polish character deserved to be condemned, but their duplicity, disobedience or instability – the features the general complained of – were results of the situation the Poles collaborating with the Swedes found themselves in, and of the way the Swedish army behaved in Poland. Opinions on Poland and its inhabitants given by Magnus Stenbock did not differ from the ones given by Charles XII and other army commanders.
Źródło:
Studia Maritima; 2018, 31; 135-154
0137-3587
2353-303X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Maritima
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielka Wojna na Lubelszczyźnie. Zniszczenia historycznych miast i losy zabytków
The Great War in the Lublin Land. Destruction of historical cities and the losses suffered by historical monuments
Autorzy:
Gałecka, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535270.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Krasnystaw
Ostrów Lubelski
Końskowola
Wielka Wojna
I wojna światowa
straty i zniszczenia wojenne
the Great War
World War I
war losses and destructions
Opis:
During the Great War, 342 000 square kilometres, that is, nearly 90 percent of the territory of Poland (within the borders before 1939) were the areas of direct military activities. Out of the 16 provinces, damages and losses directly caused by the war were recorded in 13 of them. The total number of buildings destroyed or significantly damaged during the war (following the data referring to the area of the former Kingdom of Poland only) was over 1 884 000. The direct causes included artillery and gun fire, dismantling for the purposes of trenches and other military purposes, fuel, as well as accidental or intentional fires. In 1915, the withdrawal of the Russian army involved deliberate destruction and burning of buildings. As specified in the statistical data, the largest losses as regards buildings in the territory of the present-day Lublin Province (taking into account the losses in the territory of the former Kingdom of Poland) were recorded in the district of Chełm – 41.9% (the largest of all districts). In other districts, the percentage of destroyed buildings was as follows: in the district of Hrubieszów 29.5%, Tomaszów 21.2%, Lubartów 21.1%, Lublin 17.6%, Krasnystaw 17.4%, Puławy 16%, Biłgoraj 14.7%, Zamość 12.8%, Janów 8.8% and Łuków 8.2%. Within those districts, many towns with historical buildings and historical churches, Orthodox churches, synagogues and public utility buildings were destroyed. One of the most valuable towns destroyed during the War was Kazimierz nad Wisłą, in which a number of historical, 17th-century tenements were burned. The article describes the destructions in three towns of the Lublin Land: Krasnystaw, Końskowola and Ostrów Lubelski. Krasnystaw during World War I was conquered three times. It was a strategic town, among others, for the reason of the nearby Russian railway Lublin – Chełm – Kowel. Within the historical town (that is, excluding the suburbs), 180 buildings were destroyed, including 68 residential ones. The Baroque, former Jesuit church of Francis Xavier, built in the years 1695- 1717 following the design of the architect Jan Delamars, was damaged. The brick synagogue and the seat of town authorities were burned. In 1915, the Russian army withdrawing from the territory of the Kingdom of Poland fought fierce battles on the section Końskowola – Kurów – Markuszów – Garbów – Jastków. They resulted in, among others, the destruction of Końskowola, in which 326 buildings out of the 333 recorded ones were burned. Roman Catholic churches have survived, but other parish buildings and the historical bell tower from 1778 were destroyed. The synagogue built before 1882 was burned and, for that reason, it was closed until 1921. The wooden residential and utility buildings in Ostrów Lubelski were destroyed nearly in 2/3 in August 1915, as the fire caused by artillery fire of German forces, attacking the withdrawing Russian army, destroyed 512 residential buildings (out of 822 recorded in 1914). The brick, Baroque Roman Catholic church, built following a design of the architect Paweł Fontana and a brick Orthodox church built in the years 1888-1890 following a design of the architect Wiktor Syczugow, were damaged by bullets. The history of wartime destructions and the losses borne during World War I concerning single historical monuments, groups of monuments and in the areas of historical urban complexes has not been examined and described exhaustingly, and many archival sources have not been studied yet.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2015, 1; 23-41
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ŻOŁNIERZE US ARMY NA EUROPEJSKICH FRONTACH I WOJNY ŚWIATOWEJ
(Soldiers of the US Army in the European fronts of World War I
Autorzy:
Szczepanik, Wacław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-05-30
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu i Przedsiębiorczości w Ostrowcu Świętokrzyskim
Tematy:
armia Stanów Zjednoczonych
Front Zachodni
wojna okopowa
I wojna światowa
The Great War
United States Army
the Western Front
the trench warfare
Opis:
W pierwszych latach I wojny światowej Stany Zjednoczone prowadziły politykę izolacjonizmu. Przystąpienie Amerykanów do wojny w Europie w 1917 r. miało przechylić szalę zwycięstwa na stronę Ententy, niemniej pierwsze doświadczenia wojny okopowej szybko uzmysłowiły amerykańskim dowódcom jak bardzo podlegli im żołnierze nie są przygotowani do realiów konfliktu nowego typu. Dopiero zyskiwane stopniowo doświadczenie wojenne pozwoliło armii amerykańskiej osiągnąć odpowiedni poziom bojowy. O ile udział Amerykanów w walkach na froncie zachodnim nie był decydujący o powodzeniu kampanii to i tak stanowił poważny wkład w zwycięstwo nad Niemcami.
In the early years of the Great War the United States of America had decided to maintain the policy of isolationism. Joining of the Americans onto war was believed to turn the tide on the side of the Entente, but the first experiences of the trench warfare quickly realized the US Army commanders how green and unprepared their subordinates were. The early days of fighting showed that the US Army was not prepared for the realities of the new type of conflict. Only gradually gained war experience allowed the US military to achieve an adequate combat level. Even though the Americans did not turn the tide their presence on the Western Front was a great contribution to the victory over Germany
Źródło:
Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem; 2015, 1(4); 69-81
2353-6306
Pojawia się w:
Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Porzućcie wszelką nadzieję, którzy tu wchodzicie”. Gieorgij Efron: 68 listów z piekła sowieckiego raju: 1940–1944. Przekład z rosyjskiego, redakcja i opracowanie naukowe Grzegorz Ojcewicz. Szczytno: Wydawnictwo Greg-Art, 2022, 436 s.
Autorzy:
Brzykcy, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15621512.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Filologiczny
Tematy:
Grzegorz Ojcewicz
Georgiy Efron
epistolography
Soviet Union
totalitarianism
The Great Patriotic War
review
Opis:
“Abandon Hope All Ye Who Enter Here” The article reflects on a volume of letters by Georgiy Efron, a son of the poet Marina Tsvetaeva, written between 1940 and 1944. In it, I discuss the editorial and translatorial strategies adopted by Grzegorz Ojcewicz, which were designed to create a comprehensive biographical and psychological study of the author of the letters. This is evidenced by a carefully prepared philological commentary to the correspondence and the thematic articles included in the volume. I consider Efron’s letters in the context of the three-volume edition of his “Diaries”, an earlier editorial initiative by G. Ojcewicz dated 2019–2021.
Źródło:
Studia Rossica Gedanensia; 2022, 9; 251-254
2449-6715
2392-3644
Pojawia się w:
Studia Rossica Gedanensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ohne Flieger kein Sieg – Bez lotników nie ma zwycięstwa! Szkic z działań lotnictwa austro-węgierskiego i niemieckiego w przeddzień przełamania gorlickiego 1915 r. w świetle archiwaliów i literatury pamiętnikarskiej
Ohne Flieger kein Sieg – No Aviators, No Victory! A sketch on the activities of the Austro-Hungarian and German aviation on the eve of the Breakthrough at Gorlice in 1915 in the light of archival materials and diary literature
Autorzy:
Olejko, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
lotnictwo
Wielka Wojna
front wschodni
przełamanie gorlickie
wywiad lotniczy
aviation
the Great War
the Eastern Front
Breakthrough at Gorlice
aerial reconnaissance
Opis:
Studium zamieszczone w niniejszym tomie prezentuje najnowszy stan badań nad tematyką powietrznych działań lotniczych nad Galicją – frontem wschodnim, przed przełomową operacją tarnowsko-gorlicką w 1915 r. Studium oparte jest na mało znanej bazie źródłowej, pokazuje wkład sił powietrznych w powstanie planu przełamania gorlickiego z 1915 r., które nie doczekało się profesjonalnego opracowania z wykorzystaniem bazy źródłowej obu walczących stron. Nie wypełniają tej luki opracowania, które ukazały się na polskim rynku księgarskim w 2015 i 2018 r.
The study included in this volume presents the latest state of research on the subject of aerial-aviation operations over the Galicia Eastern Front, before the breakthrough operation in TarnówGorlice in 1915. The above study is based on a little-known source base, shows the contribution of the air force to the plan of the Gorlice Breakthrough from 1915, which was not professionally developed with the use of the source database of both warring parties. Studies that appeared on the Polish book market in 2015 and 2018 do not fill this gap.
Źródło:
Galicja. Studia i materiały; 2021, 7; 81-106
2450-5854
Pojawia się w:
Galicja. Studia i materiały
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pastoralizm wobec wojny w Tęczy oraz Zakochanych kobietach D.H. Lawrence’a
Pastoralism and the War in The Rainbow and Women in Love by D.H. Lawrence
Autorzy:
Wojciechowska, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2033903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
The Great War
(pseudo)pastoralism
Georgian poetry
pastoral mode
pastoral convention
Wielka Wojna
(pseudo)pastoralizm
poezja georgiańska
tryb pastoralny
sielanka
Opis:
Dla literatury i kultury brytyjskiej Wielka Wojna stanowi cezurę, wyraźnie oddzilając czasy pokoju i stabilizacji wiktoriańskiej i edwardiańskiej od niepewności wpisanej w wojenną i powojenną rzeczywistość. Stanowczy zwrot w obrazowaniu uwidocznia się na wielu płaszczyznach, również w nagłym zwrocie ku twórczości o charakterze (pseudo)pastoralnym. Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza dwóch powieści D.H. Lawrence’a, Tęcza (1915) oraz Zakochane kobiety (1920), dokonywana w świetle konwencji sielankowej. Celem podjętych rozważań jest próba udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy i w jakim stopniu wojenna rzeczywistość oraz osobiste doświadczenia autora mają wpływ na kształt pastoralizmu w obu powieściach.
The Great War is a watershed moment in the history of British literature and culture; the pre-WWI period denotes the time of late-Victorian and Edwardian stability whereas the second decade of the twentieth century means instability and uncertainty reaching far beyond the limits of the world of art. The tumult becomes discernible in numerous areas, and in the first place, in a sudden re-awakening of interest in (pseudo)pastoral literature. The article examines two novels by D.H. Lawrence, The Rainbow (1915) and Women in Love (1920), in terms of their endorsement of the pastoral mode. The major question is to what extent the war-time reality influenced the imagery and the application of the well-known pastoral topoi in the literary works under examination.
Źródło:
Czytanie Literatury. Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze; 2021, 10; 217-230
2299-7458
2449-8386
Pojawia się w:
Czytanie Literatury. Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The World War First and its Consequences for Ukraine
ПЕРША СВІТОВА ВІЙНА ТА ЇЇ НАСЛІДКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Autorzy:
Reyent, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Institute of World History
Tematy:
World War First, the Great War, a global conflict, humanitarian catastrophe, politics, Ukraine
Перша світова війна, Велика війна, глобальний конфлікт, гуманітарна катастрофа, політика, Україна
Opis:
У статті розглянуто Першу світову війну з погляду глобального катаклізму, який, по суті, визначив подальший розвиток людської цивілізації не лише в ХХ, а й на початку ХХІ ст. Зазначено, що трагізм війни особливо проявився в тотальному характері, якого вона набула, та стрімкому падінні вартості людського життя. За своїми універсальними масштабами й демографічними втратами вона значно перевершила все, що відбувалося до неї у ході найбільших міжнародних воєнних конфліктів в історії людства. Показано вплив світового протистояння 1914–1918 рр. на українські етнічні землі. Розділені між Російською імперією та Австро-Угорщиною, будучи об’єктом геополітичних зазіхань ворогуючих сторін, вони на чотири роки перетворилися на театр запеклих бойових дій, а їх населення – опинилося по різні боки від лінії фронту. Значну увагу сконцентровано на висвітленні найголовніших «українських аспектів» війни у політичній, ідеологічній, військовій, економічній та соціальній площинах. Вказано як на негативні, так і позитивні наслідки Першої світової війни для формування модерної нації та становлення державності.
In the article, the World War First it examined from the perspective of a global cataclysm that essentially determined the further development of human civilization not only in the twentieth, but also in the early twenty-first century. It is indicated that the tragedy of war especially manifested in the total character, which it has acquired, and the rapid fall in the value of human life. In its universal scope and demographic losses, this war greatly surpassed everything that happened thereto during the largest international military conflicts in human history. The influence of the global confrontation 1914-1918 on the Ukrainian ethnic land is shown. Being divided between the Russian Empire and Austria-Hungary they have been the object of geopolitical encroachments of the warring parties and for four years became the theater of fierce fighting, and their population found itself on opposite sides of the front line. Considerable attention is paid to elucidating the main «Ukrainian aspects» of the war in the political, ideological, military, economic and social planes. It is shown both negative and positive consequences of the World War First for the formation of modern nation and the establishment of statehood.
Źródło:
Проблеми всесвітньої історії; 2016, 1; 64-78
2707-6776
Pojawia się w:
Проблеми всесвітньої історії
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Front włoski z czasów Wielkiej Wojny w zapiskach autobiograficznych Karola Bergera i Jerzego Alfreda Tomasza Kossowskiego
Autorzy:
Dorota, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647460.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Italian front, the Great War, Karol Berger, Jerzy Alfred Tomasz Kossowski
front włoski, Wielka Wojna, Karol Berger, Jerzy Alfred Tomasz Kossowski
Opis:
The Great War was the ‘armed conflict that radically altered the face of the 19th century world’. The old order of peace and hope lay in ruins. Of all that had seemed permanent and immutable, nothing had been restored to its former place, because things no longer had ‘their place’. When war broke out, Poland was without statehood, partitioned between Russia, Germany and Austria. Polish men of fighting age could not choose sides independently, but were conscripted on a territorial basis into the armies of the partitioning states, and thus many found themselves on opposite sides of the firing line, killing each other. Nonetheless, the fact that the 1914–1918 war was the first to involve directly all three partitioning states kindled profound hopes among the Polish people of regaining independence. Service in the Austro-Hungarian army did not initially bring discredit upon Poles, thanks to the policies upheld by Vienna, but later attitudes changed dramatically. In their autobiographical eye-witness reports of the fighting on the Italian front, Karol Berger and Jerzy Alfred Kossowski give us a detailed account of all the tragic, harsh realities of war. At the same time, Berger is perceptibly at pains to tone down the ferocity, to present war with as human a face as he is able, to create at least a surrogate of life and shared human existence. Kossowski, on the other hand, was a pilot, the man who prevented the bombing of the heart of Venice, St. Mark’s Square and Basilica, during the First World War. Their writings make clear how both men held the myth of Italy dear, striving not to be crushed by the machinery of evil, and also, whether through small gestures (Berger) or spectacular decisions (Kossowski), how both were able to dominate ‘the indomitable’.
Wielka Wojna to „konflikt zbrojny, który radykalnie zmienił oblicze dziewiętnastowiecznego świata”. Dawny porządek spokoju i nadziei rozpadł się. Nic, co wydawało się trwałe i niezmienne, po tym wielkim starciu nie wróciło już na swoje miejsce, nie było już bowiem żadnego „swojego miejsca”. Polska w chwili wybuchu Wielkiej Wojny pozostawała pod zaborami, podzielona pomiędzy Rosję, Niemcy i Austrię, była pozbawiona własnej państwowości. Polacy, nie mogąc o sobie niezależnie stanowić, zostali przymusowo wcielani do wojska zaborcy w zależności od terytorium, jakie zamieszkiwali; zmuszono ich do przywdziania uniformów obcych, zaborczych armii, w konsekwencji musieli do siebie strzelać i wzajemnie się zabijać. Wojna 1914–1918 to jednak pierwszy konflikt, w którym bezpośrednio zaangażowali się wszyscy trzej zaborcy, w związku z czym zrodziła ona wśród Polaków głęboką nadzieję na odzyskanie niepodległości. Służba w armii austro-węgierskiej początkowo nie przynosiła ujmy Polakom ze względu na prowadzoną przez Wiedeń politykę pozwalającą na zachowanie w jakimś stopniu „narodowego statusu”, ale sytuacja zmieniła się drastycznie wraz upływem czasu. Karol Berger i Jerzy Alfred Kossowski, uczestnicy i świadkowie walk na froncie włoskim, w swoich autobiograficznych zapisach przedstawili nam szczegółowe opisy tego frontu, które obnażają tragedię walk tam rozgrywanych, ale jednocześnie ujawnili okrucieństwo samej wojny. Uświadamiamy sobie jednak, że Polacy, a konkretnie Berger, czynili wszystko, aby oswoić tamtą straszną wojnę i nadać jej w miarę możliwości jakieś ludzkie oblicze, stworzyć choćby surogat życia i normalnego współistnienia. Dzięki Kossowskiemu i jego działaniom podczas pierwszej wojny światowej nie doszło do zbombardowania Wenecji, a dokładniej samego jej serca, tj. Placu św. Marka z jego Bazyliką. Zapiski autobiograficzne, o których mowa, pokazują, jak bardzo obu uczestnikom wojennych zmagań drogi był mit Italii i jak wiele robili, aby nie pozwolić się zniszczyć machinie zła. Zarówno przez drobne gesty (postawa Bergera) czy spektakularne działania (postawa Kossowskiego) czynili wszystko, aby opanować „nieopanowane” okrucieństwo wojny.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2016, 23, 2
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczeństwo polskie wobec armii rosyjskiej w pierwszych miesiącach I wojny światowej na podstawie literatury wspomnieniowej
Polish society attitudes towards the Russian Army in the first months of the Great War on the basis of memorial literature
Autorzy:
Golak, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-01-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
I wojna światowa
Wielka Wojna
Królestwo Polskie
rosyjscy żołnierze
Kozacy
stereotyp
World War I
the Great War
the Kingdom of Poland (Congress Poland)
Russian soldiers
Cossacks
stereotype
Opis:
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie wizerunku żołnierzy rosyjskich prezentowanego na kartach literatury wspomnieniowej, dokumentującej pierwszy rok Wielkiej Wojny. Tekst prezentuje postawy i opinie na temat żołnierzy armii rosyjskiej. Konfrontowane są one z ukształtowanym, skrajnie negatywnym, stereotypem rosyjskiego żołnierza funkcjonującym w polskim społeczeństwie. W artykule prezentowane są opinie indywidualne oraz spostrzeżenia wynikające z obserwacji reakcji ogółu mieszkańców, a dotyczące zachowania rosyjskiego wojska, relacji z cywilami, prezencji żołnierskiej. W artykule autor wskazuje na elementy rzeczywistości społeczno-politycznej, które były źródłem takiego stanu rzeczy.
The purpose of this article is to present the image of Russian soldiers as presented in the memoirs documenting the first year of the Great War. The text presents the attitudes and opinions expressed and presented about the soldiers of the Russian army. This is confronted with the formed, extremely negative stereotype of the Russian soldier functioning in Polish society. The text presents individual opinions and observations resulting from the scrutiny of the reactions of the general population, concerning the behavior of the Russian army, relations with civilians, and military presence. In the article, the author points to the elements of the socio-political reality that were the source of this state of affairs.
Źródło:
Uniwersyteckie Czasopismo Socjologiczne; 2021, 27, 1; 9-17
2299-2367
Pojawia się w:
Uniwersyteckie Czasopismo Socjologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Religion of Victory, the Cult of a Superpower. The Myth of the Great Patriotic War in the Contemporary Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Domańska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2108332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
Tematy:
Russia
the Great Patriotic War
the Victory of 1945
politics of history
the great power politics
authoritarianism
World War II
propaganda
Russian foreign policy
Opis:
The glorification of the Soviet victory over Nazism is the focal point of Russia’s politics of history and an element of the ideological offensive that aims to legitimise Russian great-power ambitions. The narrative centred on the victory has a strong religious, not to say, messianic dimension. It aims to whitewash the dark chapters of Soviet history and legitimise the wars Moscow waged after 1945. According to the contemporary neo-Soviet interpretations, these wars were always defensive and justified by external circumstances. At the same time, distinctly anti-Western rhetoric is becoming more and more perceptible in Russian propaganda. The repeated accusations of “eternal” attempts by the West to destroy Russia and destabilise the global order are intensifying. The official discourse is marked by the nostalgia for the lost empire and the “concert of powers” that was established at the Yalta conference; it also seeks to justify violence as a tool of foreign policy. Its overriding aim is to legitimise the authoritarian regime and Moscow’s contemporary strategic goals, such as the hegemony in the post-Soviet area and the reshaping of the European security architecture. The official narrative is promoted by the state institutions, the educational system, the Kremlin-controlled media outlets and a network of social organisations subsidised by the state. It is also safeguarded by the administrative and criminal law and the apparatus of repression.
Źródło:
Institute of National Remembrance Review; 2021-2022, 3; 77-125
2658-1566
Pojawia się w:
Institute of National Remembrance Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
STEFAN BŁACHOWSKI WŚRÓD ZAWIERUCHY WIELKIEJ WOJNY
Stefan Błachowski amid the turmoil of the Great War
Autorzy:
Stachowski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/564843.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
historia polskiej psychologii
Stefan Błachowski
Wielka Wojna
ideał bliskiej przyszłości psychologii
the Great War
the history of Polish psychology
the ideal of the distant future of psychology
Opis:
Treścią artykułu jest życie i początek działalności naukowej Stefana Błachowskiego (1889–1962), ważnej postaci w historii polskiej psychologii w mrocznych latach Wielkiej Wojny, a także opis przeszkód, jakie musiał pokonać na drodze do doktoratu u Georga Müllera w Getyndze. Akademicką pracę naukową Błachowskiego dwukrotnie przerywał obowiązek służby wojskowej. Omówiona szczegółowo w artykule główna rozprawa naukowa Błachowskiego na temat nastawień i spostrzeżeń, choć napisana w niesprzyjających warunkach wojennych, nie straciła na aktualności.
This paper traces the life and the beginnings of the scientific career of Stefan Błachowski (1889–1962), a key figure in the history of Polish psychology, during the darkest days of the Great War. It outlines how and why the road to pursue his doctorate under the supervision of Georg Müller at Göttingen University was beset by many hurdles. The article also demonstrates how Błachowski’s academic path was twice interrupted by military service and why his main work Nastawienia i spostrzeżenia (Sets and Perceptions), despite the fact that it came into being in all the vicissitudes of war, made a contribution of lasting value.
Źródło:
Studia Psychologica; 2016, 16, 1; 71-96
1642-2473
Pojawia się w:
Studia Psychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vejen over Lemberg: A Dane’s Impressions of Lemberg/Lviv in 1711: Just Juel and His Travels through the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Autorzy:
Papa, Iryna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22592103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Filologiczny
Tematy:
Just Juel
travel diary
Danish diplomatic mission (1709–1711)
the Great Northern War
Lemberg/Lviv
Opis:
This article analyzes an excerpt from the travel diary of Just Juel, who was a Danish envoy to Peter the Great in 1709–1711. Particular attention is paid to Juel’s travel through the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and his visit to Lemberg/Lviv in 1711, its historical context, and possible interpretations based on approaches of cultural history.
Źródło:
Studia Scandinavica; 2021, 5, 25; 63-73
1230-6053
2657-6740
Pojawia się w:
Studia Scandinavica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czysto ludzka sprawa? Archeologiczne przywracanie pamięci o trudnej przeszłości przez tropienie naturo-kulturowych przemian cmentarzy wojennych
Simply human case? Archaeological revival of the memory about the difficult past, through the tracing of nature-cultural transformations of the war cemeteries
Autorzy:
Zalewska, Anna
Cyngot, Dorota
Czarnecki, Jacek
Kiarszys, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023862.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
war cemeteries
the Great War
central Poland
creation
transformation
decay
destruction
history
archaeology
remote sensing
natural-cultural phenomena and processes
difficult past
material warnings
contemporaneous archaeology
Opis:
In this article the outcomes of historical, archaeological, spatial and anthropological research concerning material remnants of the war cemeteries left by the Great War in Central Poland, in the area of Rawka and Bzura are presented. On the example of one of the four communes (Nowa Sucha) subjected to research under the project Archaeological Revival of Memory of the Great War (ARM), the processes of creation, transformation, decay, destruction and re-making present the resting places of the soldiers fallen between December 1914 and July 1915 are shown. In the first part, we sketch the output atmosphere that accompanied the primary context in which war cemeteries were established and place the war cemeteries in the network of social, formal and legal determinants. In the second part, we frame the historical and social contexts in which the resting places of the fallen soldiers of the German and Russian armies were massively created. Than, we show the difficulties associated with locating particular war cemeteries and signal strengths and obstacles in correlating results of archival research and use of remote sensing and archaeological methods in order to restore the memory of war cemeteries and establish their current and future condition as material warnings. Also we stress the looping of cultural and natural factors both in the process of protecting and destroying material condition of war cemeteries. Finally, on the example of one of the cemeteries we show how slow and arduous but at the same time promising can be the process of transformation from a forgotten/plowed cemetery into a place of/in memory, and as an agent struggling with the continuous nature-cultural transformations.
In this article the outcomes of historical, archaeological, spatial and anthropological research concerning material remnants of the war cemeteries left by the Great War in Central Poland, in the area of Rawka and Bzura are presented. On the example of one of the four communes (Nowa Sucha) subjected to research under the project Archaeological Revival of Memory of the Great War (ARM), the processes of creation, transformation, decay, destruction and re-making present the resting places of the soldiers fallen between December 1914 and July 1915 are shown. In the first part, we sketch the output atmosphere that accompanied the primary context in which war cemeteries were established and place the war cemeteries in the network of social, formal and legal determinants. In the second part, we frame the historical and social contexts in which the resting places of the fallen soldiers of the German and Russian armies were massively created. Than, we show the difficulties associated with locating particular war cemeteries and signal strengths and obstacles in correlating results of archival research and use of remote sensing and archaeological methods in order to restore the memory of war cemeteries and establish their current and future condition as material warnings. Also we stress the looping of cultural and natural factors both in the process of protecting and destroying material condition of war cemeteries. Finally, on the example of one of the cemeteries we show how slow and arduous but at the same time  promising can be the process of transformation from a forgotten/plowed cemetery into a place of/in memory, and as an agent struggling with the continuous nature-cultural transformations.
Źródło:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2018, 23
0239-8524
2450-5846
Pojawia się w:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielka wojna kobiet. Zaangażowanie sióstr Szwedzkiego Czerwonego Krzyża w niesienie pomocy jeńcom wojennym z armii państw centralnych w przedrewolucyjnej Rosji (1914–1917)
THE GREAT WAR OF WOMEN. INVOLVEMENT OF THE SWEDISH RED CROSS SISTERS IN HELPING PRISONERS OF WAR FROM THE ARMIES OF CENTRAL EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA (1914–1917)
Autorzy:
Miodowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/561613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo HUMANICA
Tematy:
Wielka Wojna
jeńcy wojenni w Rosji
siostry Czerwonego Krzyża
pomoc humanitarna
opieka pielęgniarska
the Great War
prisoners of war in Russia
sisters of the Red Cross
humanitarian aid
nursing care
Opis:
Kobiety już od starożytności angażowały się w opiekę nad chorymi i rannymi żołnierzami. Do połowy XIX w. pielęgnacja na zapleczu pola walki poszkodowanych wojskowych była dla markietanek jedynie dodatkowym zajęciem. Humanitarny aspekt ich służby zyskał na znaczeniu na przełomie XVIII i XIX w. wraz z intensyfikacją wojen napoleońskich. W okresie Wojny Krymskiej zachodnioeuropejska opinia publiczna wymusiła na elitach politycznych i wojskowych zgodę na włączenie do obsad szpitali polowych personelu kobiecego. Siostry miłosierdzia, jak i wspomagające je świeckie wolontariuszki współdziałając z lekarzami wojskowymi wspólnie zapoczątkowali w latach 1854-1855 proces rozwoju nowoczesnej medycyny pola walki. Wielka Wojna z racji swej powszechności i wykorzystywania nowoczesnego uzbrojenia przyniosła z sobą nie tylko więcej niż dotąd ofiar śmiertelnych, ale i niespotykaną wcześniej liczbę rannych i chorych żołnierzy. Globalny konflikt zbrojny lat 1914-1918 wymagał, więc zaangażowania kobiet już nie tylko przy ratowaniu rannych z pola walki i przy ich pielęgnacji w przyfrontowych szpitalach polowych, ale też wyznaczył im nową rolę, jaką stała się opieka nad będącymi w złej kondycji milionami jeńców wojennych.
Women have been involved in the care of sick and wounded soldiers since antiquity. Until the mid-nineteenth century, the care in the back of the battlefield of injured servicemen was only an additional occupation for the marquetes. The humanitarian aspect of their service gained importance at the turn of the XVIII and XIX centuries, along with the intensification of the Napoleonic wars. During the Crimean War, the Western European public opinion forced the political and military elites to agree to include the female staff in field hospitals. The Sisters of Mercy, as well as secular volunteers assisting them in cooperation with military doctors together initiated the process of development of modern martial arts medicine in the years 1854-1855. The Great War, due to its universality and use of modern arms, brought not only more deaths than ever, but also an unprecedented number of wounded and sick soldiers. The global armed conflict in the years 1914-1918 therefore required the involvement of women not only in rescuing the wounded from the battlefield and taking care of them in the front-line field hospitals, but also set a new role for them, which was taking care of the millions of prisoners of war in bad condition.
Źródło:
Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych; 2018, 1(4); 47-74
2451-3539
2543-7011
Pojawia się w:
Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Los rodziny Antoniego Mysakowskiego w pierwszym roku Wielkiej Wojny
The history of the family of Antoni Mysakowski in the first year of the Great War
Autorzy:
Garbacz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Wielka Wojna
I wojna światowa
Antoni Mysakowski
Janina Mysakowska
Franciszek Stachnik
Eugenia Dominiowa
Biłgoraj
Huta Krzeszowska
Nowiny
Zawadki
Lubelszczyzna
Syberia
the Great War
World War I
the Lublin Land
Siberia
Opis:
For the author of this publication, the hundredth anniversary of the outbreak of World War I became an opportunity to look at its first dozen moths in the south of the Lublin Land in the context of both military activities and the fate of civilians on the example of the family of the exiled Antoni Mysakowski, an organist from Huta Krzeszowska. The article was written on the basis of available publications referring to military activities in that area as well as unpublished family archives from early 20th century. The sources comprise the letters and documents confirming the imprisonment of Antoni Mysakowski by Russians in 1914 and his exile to Siberia, as well as parts of the diary of his daughter Janina, containing, among others, short reports from the front and its back-up in the territory of the southern Lublin Land – the places where she stayed with her family at that time. As the registers of births, marriages and deaths specify, the family of Antoni Mysakowski was connected with the Lublin Land from at least the 18th century, initially with the region of Chełm and Krasnystaw. Jan Mysakowski, the grandfather of the author of the diary, came with his family to Huta Krzeszowska which, at that time, was located in the district of Biłgoraj, around 1880. Their son, Antoni, spent many years in Huta with his wife, Stanisława nee Nowakowska. In 1894, their daughter, Janina, was born there. When the war broke out, Janina Mysakowska stayed in the area of Zwierzyniec and Szczebrzeszyn. When she stayed in the forester’s lodge in Nowiny near Nielisz, she found herself in the area of fights between the Austrian 4th Army of General Moritz von Auffenberg and the Russian 5th Army of General Pavel von Plehve. At that time, between 26 August and 2 September 1914, there was a great battle, referred to as the Battle of Komarów. Janina recollects the fights of 28 August. At that time, Eugenia Dominiowa nee Aleksiewicz (1872-1917), the wife of a clerk employed with a local sugar factory lived in Klemensów, where ordinate Zamoyski had his residence. In her diary, she described the military activities in Klemensów and in other places in the southern Lublin Land. Parts of that diary were published in 1938 in “Teka Zamojska”. Antoni Mysakowski’s family, staying in the area of Szczebrzeszyn, did not know his fate or the fate of other inhabitants of Huta Krzeszowska after the Austrians had marched into the area. It was only after her return home in 1914, when the Austro-Hungarian army was forced behind the San, that Janina got to know that her father had accepted the Austrians’ proposal to take over the post of a head of the village and, as a result, he was arrested by Russians. Janina described briefly the situation in Huta, where Russian troops were deployed permanently, she mentioned the fights by the San river which lasted over three weeks, until the Russians had crossed the river. At that time, the situation of Antoni Mysakowski, which was subject to military jurisdiction, was dramatic. After the proceedings conducted in April 1915 in the Dęblin Fortress, he was brought to the prison in Lublin, from where he was to be exiled. Some of the letters addressed to him, as well as the notes of his daughter Janina, were written in that period. After his departure, Antoni lost contact with his closest family remaining in the Lublin Land – his ailing parents, his wife, exhausted with pregnancy and labour, and all his children, of which one died when he was in prison. In May and June 1915, there were fierce fights in the region of Nisko between the Austro-Hungarian and Russian forces. Janina recollects them in some parts of her diary written in Huta Krzeszowska. The Austrian-German forces which, at the beginning of May 1915 began their offensive in Galicia and managed to break off the Russian front near Gorlice, forced the Tsar’s forces to withdraw from the territory of the Kingdom of Poland. In the territories which the Russian army was leaving, the evacuation of civilians began. During the evacuation, which comprised the inhabitants of eastern provinces, not only the state property, Russian offices and officials with their family were taken away. There were cases of mass expelling of people from villages and towns and destroying everything that could not be taken to Russia. The expelled civilians were exiled to Russia. Janina writes about it in her diary. The following pages of the diary describe the war-time experiences of the family, written from the end of June 1915 during the stay at the forester’s lodge in Nowiny near Nielisz. For the second time, Janina had to spend dramatic days under the rain of gun and cannon bullets. She writes about the fights of enemy armies, in this case, from the position of Austro-Hungarian and German armies fighting with Russian forces. The offensive of the allied forces under the command of General Mackensen ended at the end of July and resulted in defeating the Third Russian Army in the territories to the south of Lublin. Another stop during the wartime journey of Janina Mysakowska and her family was a village Zawadki near Susiec, where, among others, her grandfather, Jan Nowakowski, stayed. The author of the diary gives a brief account of the news from the front. Some of the information was brought by Austrian soldiers, who were still deployed in Zawadki as late as in September 1915. At the end of August, those exiled to Russia began to return, among others, to Huta Krzeszowska and other places near Biłgoraj. They were those who stayed behind the Bug River, in Volhynia, that is, the closest to the area they lived in. More people began to return as late as in mid-September, mainly those from the Lublin Land and those who were relatively close to the home country. Those who were taken far into Russia either died of hunger and epidemics or returned later, since they had to travel longer distances. In October 1915, after wandering during the war for several months, Janina with her family returned to Huta Krzeszowska. In 1918, the mother, Stanisława, died after a long illness and, two years later, a chronic disease resulted in the death of the author of the diary. Antoni Mysakowski, expelled to Siberia, settled in a small village Prospichina near Achinsk. As his situation was dramatic, he was helped by one of the organizations active in Russia – the Central Citizens’ Committee. His return to the homeland became possible as late as in September 1923. After that, he lived for 25 years, since he died in 1948 in Biłgoraj. He was buried in a local parish cemetery, near the place where, years before, his wife and daughter, the author of the diary, had been buried. The family of Antoni Mysakowski was one of hundreds Polish families which experienced trauma during the Great War. Presenting their history in the light of the war-time events was possible mainly thanks to preserved family documents and the recollections of Jadwiga, one of Antoni’s younger daughters, who died a short time ago.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2015, 1; 43-75
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relikty archeologiczne Wielkiej Wojny. Znikające dziedzictwo, poza nawiasem nauki i konserwatorstwa
Archaeological relics of the Great War. Vanishing heritage, aside from academic studies and conservator’s care
Autorzy:
Sabaciński, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
archeologia pól bitewnych
I wojna światowa
Wielka Wojna
ochrona dziedzictwa militarnego
poszukiwanie skarbów
archaeology of battlefields
World War I
the Great War
protection of military heritage
treasure hunting
Opis:
Poland is one of the several states which became a theatre of military activities of World War I. The long-lasting trench warfare remained underground relics in the territory of our country, which are an element of tangible heritage. However, a proper conservator’s strategy to protect them effectively has not been developed yet. One of the methods of research of military conflicts is the so-called archaeology of battlefields, which is a novelty, also in Poland. The article points out an urgent need to develop effective methods of protection of material relics of World War I, which have sill survived in the field as relics of field fortifications constructed of non-durable materials, underground remains of military engineering, as well as the objects deposited in the original context or traces documenting the course of fighting. Archaeology is specified as a method for documenting them and drawing research conclusions, impossible to obtain in other research disciplines. A fundamental issue which makes it impossible to employ the conservator’s protection typical for the archaeological heritage is a scale of fights and their great range. For that reason, an effective protection method for such places should be developed, which would have to be based on a valorization of all historical resources. The article draws one’s attention to the hazards for the archaeological heritage of the Great War and points out its persistent marginalization by both researchers and historical monument protection services. It also refers to the problems connected with applying effective provisions of law to the protection of battlefields.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2015, 1; 131-140
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jezuici prowincji litewskiej wobec epidemii dżumy z lat 1708–1711
Jesuits of the Lithuanian province in the face of the epidemic of plague in the years 1708–1711
Autorzy:
Mariani, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
the Society of Jesus
contagious diseases
the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
the 18th century
the Great Northern War (1700–1721)
Opis:
The article presents the activity of the Jesuits during the epidemic of plague in the Rzeczpospolita during the Great Northern War. The author concentrates mainly on the Lithuanian province of the Society of Jesus, where the epidemic caused the highest number of deaths. Against the description of the structure of the personnel and the issue of the mortality rate among the monks prior to the outbreak of the epidemic, the author characterizes the variety of activities undertaken by the Jesuits. On the one hand, the aim of the Jesuits’ activity was to fulfill the mission of the Society, which consisted in providing spiritual and material help to fellow human beings. On the other hand, the aim was to protect the material and human resources of the Society. In the face of the epidemic most members of the Society left the college to seek shelter in one of the estates belonging to the Jesuits. Several Jesuit monks decided to stay to serve the sick monks and the inhabitants of the town who were unable to escape. According to the hierarchy of values of the Jesuits and the laudatory topic a appearing in the home chronicles, the death of those Jesuits was presented as the achievement of the highest good. The Jesuits paid a high price for their material and spiritual involvement - the consequences of the epidemic continued to be visible many years after the outbreak of the plague.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2016, 81, 2; 65-104
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z Torunia do Wilna podróż króla Stanisława zimą 1708 roku
From Toruń to Vilnius: the Journey of King Stanisław in the Winter of 1708
Autorzy:
Dygdała, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Masovia
Podlachia and Lithuania during the Great Northern War
King Stanisław Leszczyński
travel conditions in Poland in 1708
Opis:
The article discusses the journey of King Stanisław Leszczyński from Toruń, which he left on 10 Jan 1708, to Vilnius, where he arrived on 22 March 1708. The journey to Lithuania was forced by the Swedish sovereign Charles XII, who was accompanied by Leszczyński from the autumn of 1706. The question is whether the journey of King Stanisław launched in the winter of 1708 was a rational decision. It strengthened the position of Leszczyński in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Still his position predominantly depended on the Sapieha family, who were supported by Charles XII. During his few personal meetings with Charles XII, Leszczyński failed to convince Charles XII to approve of his political concepts. It still remained unknown whether the Polish monarch should accompany Charles XII in his journey into Russia or whether he should return to Poland and try to appease people at home. The closest collaborators of King Stanisław were sceptical (with the exception of the Sapiehas) of the political and military plans of Charles XII; they also disapproved of the conduct of the Swedish troops in Poland. The Swedes treated Poland as a conquered state imposing very high contributions and induced the delivery of food and pasture for horses.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2017, 82, 2; 85-99
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dlaczego powinniśmy pamiętać o Operacji Łódzkiej?
Why should we remember about Łódź Operation?
Autorzy:
Daszyńska, Jolanta A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/503357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
Tematy:
Operacja Łódzka
Bitwa Łódzka
Bitwa o Łódź
Rzeź pod Łodzią
operacja manewrowa
Wielka Wojna
I wojna światowa
Łódź
Litzmannstadt
Łódź Operation
Battle of Łódź
Battle for Łódź
Łódź Slaughter
maneuver operation
the Great War, the First World War, Łódź, Litzmannstadt
Opis:
This article has been written in order to remember and tell us about the forgotten history from the First World War related to the city of Łódź, which is often referred to as the Battle of Łódź. Let us remember that Poles who were killed were fighting in opposing armies in foreign uniforms. They contributed to the fact that Poland gained her independence. Traces of Polish surnames can be seen in many graveyards from the period of Łódź Operation. It is important what this battle is called. The battles which took place around Łódź in autumn and winter 1914 are often called: the battle of Łódź, the battle for Łódź, Łódź Slaughter or Łódź Operation. Those names are written with capital or small letters, in inverted commas or not, sometimes written in italics. However the name Łódź Operation seems to be the most correct one, as it consisted of many battles and skirmishes, there were army transfers, attacks and defensive fights. Historians unanimously say that it was the biggest maneuver operation of the Eastern Front in the First World War. Łódź, a city abandoned by Russian authorities, faced all the consequences of war actions which then took place. The city survived the war time and equally difficult period of German occupation and on 11 November 1918 witnessed proudly the appearance of white and red flags.
Źródło:
Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2015, 24, 2; 7-26
1231-1634
Pojawia się w:
Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oblężenie i kapitulacja twierdzy Kokenhauzen (2–7 X 1700)
The Siege and Capitulation of the Kokenhausen Fortress
Autorzy:
Trąbski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-09-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
the Great Northern War
Livonia
Kokenhausen
early modern military art
siege
capitulation
August II Wettin
Adam Heinrich von Steinau
the year 1700
Opis:
The conquest of the Kokenhausen Fortress in October 1700 was the last act of an eight-month campaign conducted by the army of August II in the territory of Swedish Livonia. After the disgrace related to the premature abandonment of the siege of Riga (the main target of this campaign), it was a significant military and political success. Kokenhausen could have been a convenient bridgehead for the Saxon troops on the right bank of the Daugava River and a potential operational base to launch military operations in the Swedish province in the spring of the following year. At the same time, the conquest of this fortress made it possible to use the Daugava River to transport heavy cannons and ammunition from the Russian border to Riga. In addition, this success could be used for propaganda purposes. Tsar Peter I received the confirmation that August II had maintained the anti-Swedish alliance, thanks to which in Warsaw it was possible to strive for Poland’s joining the war against Sweden. In the publications devoted to the Great Northern War the information on this event is mostly scarce, and often contradictory, making the image of the siege and capitulation of the Kokenhausen Fortress look unclear and raise doubts. The reason seems to be the lack of information from a direct source, and the authors’ reliance on indirect sources (e.g. press coverage). Below, a new attempt to present the circumstances of the conquest of Kokenhausen by the army of August II will be presented; it was prepared primarily on the basis of a letter written in the Saxon army camp on 9 October 1700, probably by the court treasurer Atanazy Miączyński, and works of two French historians: Pierre Massuet – Histoire des rois de Pologne, et du gouvernement de ce Royaume […] and Jean-Baptiste de Parthenay – History of the reign of the Polish king Frederic August II […], which come from the 1730s.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2018, 83, 3; 59-82
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od sprzedawcy pierożków do generalissimusa. Zawrotna kariera Aleksandra Mienszykowa
From a Vendor of Stuffed Buns (Pirozkhi) to the Generalissimus Rank. A Dizzying Career of Alexander Menshikov
Autorzy:
Krokosz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-02-11
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
Aleksander Mienszykow
Piotr I
Rosja w XVII-XVIII w.
wojna północna 1700-1721
Alexander Menshikov
Peter the Great
Russia in the 17th and 18th century
the Great Northern War
Opis:
Artykuł jest poświęcony życiu i działalności publicznej Aleksandra Mienszykowa. Człowiek ten, pochodzący z nizin społecznych, dzięki przyjaźni z carem Piotrem I zdołał osiągnąć najwyższe stanowiska w administracji państwowej oraz najwyższe rangi dowódcze w rosyjskiej armii i flocie wojennej. Aleksander Mienszykow należał również do najbogatszych, tuż po carze, ludzi w Rosji – posiadał ogromne majątki ziemskie i liczne zakłady produkcyjne. Po śmierci Piotra I w 1725 r., bez rezultatu, próbował uchwycić w swoje ręce kierownictwo wszystkich spraw państwowych. W 1727 r. został aresztowany i skazany wraz z rodziną na zesłanie do Bieriozowa na Syberii, gdzie zmarł dwa lata później. Cały zgromadzony przez niego majątek – pieniądze, klejnoty, pałace i manufaktury – został przejęty na rzecz państwa.
The article is devoted to the life and public activities of Alexsander Menshikov. This man, which came from social lowlands, thanks to friendship with Tsar Peter the Great achieved highest positions in the state administration, the Russian Army and also navy. Alexsander Menshikov belonged also to the richest people in Russia (just after the Tsar) – he owned huge estates and numerous production companies. After Peter the Great’s death, without a result, he tried to capture the leadership of all state affairs. In 1727 he was arrested and sentenced, together with his family, to exile to Berezovo in Siberia, where he died two years later. All the assets he collected – money, jewels, palaces and manufactories – were taken over for the benefit of the state.
Źródło:
Perspektywy Kultury; 2019, 24, 1; 139-166
2081-1446
2719-8014
Pojawia się w:
Perspektywy Kultury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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