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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 367
Tytuł:
Protection From Steam at High Pressures: Development of a Test Device and Protocol
Autorzy:
Sati, R.
Crown, E. M.
Ackerman, M.
Gonzalez, J.
Dale, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
steam protection
high pressure steam
protective materials
Opis:
Extensive use of pressurized steam in the oil and gas sectors has led to incidents where workers were seriously injured. In this study a test device and procedure to measure heat transfer through fabrics during steam exposure were developed and evaluated. Several factors were considered while designing the test device to simulate work site conditions. Fabrics were exposed to steam at 2 distances (50 and 100 mm) and 2 pressures (207 and 69 kPa). Theoretical considerations included heat and mass transfer, and fabric structure and performance properties. The test device and procedure differentiated well among both fabric and exposure conditions. For all fabrics, maximum heat transfer was observed at highest steam pressure and shortest distance. Laminated and coated fabrics performed better than a fabric without such treatments.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 1; 29-41
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Operational characteristics of selected marine turbogenerators powered by steam from auxiliary oil-fired boilers
Autorzy:
Behrendt, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135555.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
exploitation
steam turbine
marine turbogenerator
steam consumption
fuel
efficiency
boiler
auxiliary machinery
steam system
Opis:
This paper describes such quantitative characteristics and operational parameters for marine turbogenerator as: efficiency, and steam consumption per unit or hour for various loads. Characteristic numbers and operational parameters were estimated from the results of operational tests of a turbogenerator aboard a petroleum tanker.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2015, 44 (116); 9-13
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of the operating parameters of steam jet injectors for a main boiler’s regenerative feedwater system
Autorzy:
Adamkiewicz, Andrzej
Grzesiak, Szymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
steam jet injector
steam cycle
steam turbine
propulsion plant
thermal efficiency
determination
Opis:
Due to the development of alternative propulsion systems, there is a need for LNG tanker turbine propulsion plants to regain their competitiveness. Previous research revealed effective methods to increase the thermal efficiency of the steam cycle based on quality assessment, and it was proposed that the latent heat of the main turbine exhaust steam could be recovered. Research was carried out for the steam cycle using regenerative heat exchangers fed by steam jet injectors. In this paper, an algorithm to determine the operating parameters of steam jet injectors, and the calculation results for different drive steam parameters are presented. The obtained results will be used as input parameters for further heat balance calculations of the proposed regenerative steam cycles.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2019, 60 (132); 171-176
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical estimation of losses in steam flow through LP turbine blade rows
Autorzy:
Dyskas, S.
Wróblewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955213.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
LP steam turbine
wet steam
condensation
losses
Opis:
The aim of this work is to estimate the losses in steam flow through an LP steam turbine rotor and the who]e stage. Two types of losses occur in steam flow, aerodynamic (profile, secondary flow, leakage) and thermodynamic (due to addition of heat caused by condensation). The presented numerical results are split into two groups. First, a comparison of three different calculation methods of steam flow is carried out. To this end, the geometry of an LP steam turbine's last rotor is chosen. The first examined method is the Streamline Curvature Method (SCM) used on the meridional plane with loss correlations, the other two being commercial and in-house CFD codes, solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for a 3D flow. The first two codes model equilibrium steam properties below the saturation line, while the latter models non-equilibrium steam properties. Finally, a comparison is made of the influence on lass prediction of various condensation models for the geometry of the penultimate stage, with the use of an in-house CFD code.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2006, 10, 2; 177-190
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluating the efficiency of low pressure part of steam turbines based on probing measurements
Autorzy:
Gardzilewicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wet steam
steam turbines
measurements
numerical calculations
Opis:
A methodology oflow pressure part turbine efficiency evaluation based on measurements of the steam flow parameters in the interspaces between neighbouring stages is described. Specially manufactured probes have been applied carry out such measurements. The efficiencies of the stages operating in the superheated steam zone result directly from experimental values of pressures, temperatures, and flow angles. To complete the efficiency evaluation for the stages operating in the wet steam region, a relevant estimation of blading system losses has been proposed and validated. This evaluation of losses is compatible with the measurement results. Adaptation of a comparative error analysis makes it possible to show the advantages of the methodology over the thermal balance applied during performance tests. The low pressure turbine efficiency evaluation methodology has been applied to numerous steam turbine power units of 200–500 MW output.
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2017, 135; 41-56
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Introduction
Autorzy:
Surma, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/479052.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
STEM
STEAM
Opis:
The subject of this issue of “Elementary Education in Theory and Practice” focuses on popularising the results of Polish and foreign research and programmes that develop children’s scientific competences. The authors of the articles explain what STEM/STEAM education is, and what its objective and effects are. They combine theory and practice in an effective manner, which is why the reader can get to know and evaluate its assumptions, as well as practical solutions. In the countries of the European Union, good practices that develop children’s scientific skills are promoted because the society can grow economically and culturally only if it is based on knowledge.
Źródło:
Edukacja Elementarna w Teorii i Praktyce; 2019, 14, 4(54); 56
1896-2327
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja Elementarna w Teorii i Praktyce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wprowadzenie
Autorzy:
Surma, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/479061.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
STEM
STEAM
Źródło:
Edukacja Elementarna w Teorii i Praktyce; 2019, 14, 4(54); 7-8
1896-2327
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja Elementarna w Teorii i Praktyce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determining steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions
Autorzy:
Laskowski, Rafał
Smyk, Adam
Ruciński, Adam
Szymczyk, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermal power plant
steam condenser
condenser model
steam condensation
pressure
reference parameters
steam condenser effectiveness
Opis:
The paper presents formulas which can be used to determine steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions. The mathematical model provided in the paper makes it possible to calculate the performance of the condenser in terms of condensing steam pressure, cooling water temperature at the condenser outlet, and condenser effectiveness under variable load conditions as a function of three input properties: the temperature and the mass flow rate of cooling water at the condenser inlet and the mass flow rate of steam. The mathematical model takes into account values of properties occurring in reference conditions but it contains no constant coefficients which would have to be established based on data from technical specifications of a condenser or measurement data. Since there are no such constant coefficients, the model of the steam condenser proposed in the paper is universally applicable. The proposed equations were checked against warranty measurements made in the condenser and measurement data gathered during the operation of a 200 MW steam power unit. Based on the analysis, a conclusion may be drawn that the proposed means of determining pressure in a condenser in off-design conditions reflects the condenser performance with sufficient accuracy. This model can be used in optimization and diagnostic analyses of the performance of a power generation unit.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 45-62
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wet steam flow in 1100 MW turbine
Autorzy:
Jun, Gukchol
Kolovratník, Michal
Hoznedl, Michal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steam turbine
wet steam
loss
non-equilibrium condensation
CFD
Opis:
The paper deals with the wet steam flow in a steam turbine operating in a nuclear power plant. Using a pneumatic and an optical probe, the static pressure, steam velocity, steam wetness and the fine water droplets diameter spectra were measured before and beyond the last turbine low-pressure stage. The results of the experiment serve to understand better the wet steam flow and map its liquid phase in this area. The wet steam data is also used to modify the condensation model used in computational fluid dynamics simulations. The condensation model, i.e. the nucleation rate and the growth rate of the droplets, is adjusted so that results of the numerical simulations are in a good agreement with the experimental results. A 3D computational fluid dynamics simulations was performed for the lowpressure part of the turbine considering non-equilibrium steam condensation. In the post-processing of the of the numerical calculation result, the thermodynamic wetness loss was evaluated and analysed. Loss analysis was performed for the turbine outputs of 600, 800, and 1100 MW, respectively.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 63-85
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Usage of Self-Regulating Steam Traps for Optimal Condensate Removal in Steam Pipelines
Autorzy:
Grzebielec, Andrzej
Szelągowski, Adam
Śmiechowicz, Mateusz
Stępień, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
steam pipelines
steam traps
energy efficiency
rurociągi parowe
odwadniacze
efektywność energetyczna
Opis:
In energy-intensive systems, in which energy need to be transported through compact pipelines, steam is very often used as an energy carrier. The latent heat of steam condensation, surpassing its sensible heat, presents a distinctive advantage, resulting in steam pipelines requiring diameters significantly smaller compared to those needed for equivalent thermal power transmission. Nonetheless, the insulation of steam pipelines remains imperfect, resulting in inevitable heat dissipation. Consequently, this thermal loss leads to the condensation of water within the pipelines, necessitating the implementation of steam traps. The precise selection and implementation of suitable steam traps are essential for sustaining optimal pipeline functionality while minimizing energy losses. This research endeavors to comprehensively assess the criteria governing steam trap selection, focusing on their pivotal role in facilitating efficient pipeline operation. To achieve this objective, a mathematical analysis was conducted to quantify the volume of liquid generated within the pipeline due to condensation. Subsequently, an innovative self-regulating steam trap was introduced and evaluated to elucidate its efficiency in evacuating the accumulated liquid. Remarkably, the utilization of these advanced self-regulating steam traps yielded remarkably positive outcomes, profoundly enhancing pipeline performance and obviating steam losses. Through meticulous analysis of the mathematical model and empirical validation of the novel steam trap's functionality, this study not only contributes to enhancing the theoretical understanding of steam pipeline dynamics but also offers practical insights into optimizing their operational efficiency. This research showcases the potential of self-regulating steam traps to revolutionize steam pipeline dewatering practices, ensuring sustained energy transmission with minimal wastage and reaffirming their pivotal role in modern energy systems.
Źródło:
Modern Engineering; 2023, 1; 24--32
2450-5501
Pojawia się w:
Modern Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economizer selection method with reference to its reliability at preliminary design stage of seagoing vessels
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Kreft, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
seagoing ships
economizer
steam boiler
steam capacity
reliability
operating conditions
Opis:
The economizers are used for production of steam heating on en route ships. The economizers are producing steam in a heat exchange process from the ship's main engine exhaust gas. Products of the incomplete combustion of the heavy fuel oil remaining in engines, passing the boiler, collect on the heat exchange surface of the economizer. When the incorrect assumptions are made for the boiler operation conditions, the boiler steam capacity drops and fire and burning of the incomplete combustion products can occur in the economizer. To minimize combustion product quantity that collects on the boiler surface, the allowable exhaust gas pressure drop in the boiler should be taken into consideration, as well as the results from recommended exhaust gas flow velocity that is determined by main engine service load determined in the preliminary design phase of the ship. The remaining operating conditions are made in such a way to obtain high steam capacity of the boiler. It is essential at the design stage to take into consideration the future operating parameters of the combustion-steam-water installation, since these parameters depend on the choice of boiler and determined at the design stage production of steam. On the basis of operation parameters of contemporary container ships, an attempt was made to select economizer capacity in the preliminary design stage taking into consideration operation conditions of the propulsion system-steam installations unit in aspect of economizer reliability.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 63-68
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pary
Steams
Autorzy:
Litke, Benedykt Julian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/136138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Techniczno-Ekonomiczna w Szczecinie
Tematy:
pary
proces wytwarzania
para przegrzana
para mokra
para wilgotna
parametry pary przegrzanej
parametry pary mokrej
wykres graniczny pary
steam
production process
superheated steam
wet steam
parameters of superheated
parameters wet steam
steam limit graph
Opis:
Wstęp i cele: W pracy opisano proces wytwarzania pary, parametry pary mokrej, parę przegrzaną, oraz wykresy graniczne pary. Celem pracy jest opis graficznego przebiegu temperatury substancji przy izobarycznym podgrzewaniu, podanie charakterystyk pary mokrej i pary przegrzanej oraz opis graficzny pary wodnej. Materiał i metody: Materiał stanowią źródła z literatury z zakresu termodynamiki. W pracy zastosowano metodę analizy teoretycznej. Wyniki: Rezultatem analizy jest opracowanie analityczne procesu wytwarzania pary, parametrów pary mokrej (wilgotnej) oraz przedstawienie graficzne wykresów granicznych pary. Wnioski: W czasie podgrzewania cieczy przy wyższym ciśnieniu, temperatura nasycenia jest wyższa. Czas parowania cieczy zmniejsza się ze wzrostem ciśnienia. Przy wyższym ciśnieniu do odparowania cieczy wymagana jest mniejsza ilość ciepła. Proces izobarycznego parowania jest również procesem izotermicznym. Wartości parametrów termodynamicznych pary mokrej zależą więc od stopnia suchości.
Introduction and aim: The work describes the steam generation process, wet steam parameters, superheated steam, and steam limit graphs. The aim of the work is to describe the graphic temperature course of the substance during isobaric heating, to provide the characteristics of wet steam and superheated steam and a graphic description of the water vapor. Material and methods: Material covers some sources based on the literature in the field of thermodynamics. The method of theoretical analysis has been shown in the paper. Results: The result of the analysis is the analytical development of the steam generation process, the parameters of the wet (damp) steam and the graphic representation of the steam boundary graphs. Conclusion: When the fluid is heated at a higher pressure, the saturation temperature is higher. The evaporation time of the fluid decreases with increasing pressure. At higher pressure, less heat is needed to evaporate the fluid. The process of isobaric evaporation is also an isothermal process. The values of thermodynamic parameters of wet steam depend on the degree of dryness.
Źródło:
Problemy Nauk Stosowanych; 2018, 9; 43-50
2300-6110
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Nauk Stosowanych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance comparison of PWR/EPR and steam generator with and without economizer
Autorzy:
Laskowski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202380.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
steam generator
economizer
steam pressure
PWR
EPR
generator pary
ekonomizer
ciśnienie pary
Opis:
The article presents a model of a steam generator based on mass and energy balance equations, heat transfer coefficients, criterion relations and Peclet’s law. The presented model was applied to a steam generator without and with an economizer for a PWR/EPR nuclear power plant. Based on the calculations, the steam pressure at the outlet of the steam generator without the economizer is 74.17 bar, and for the model with the economizer it is 77.2 bar. The pressure difference for these two variants, based on the calculations, was therefore 3 bar. Higher steam pressure at the outlet of the steam generator translates into a greater enthalpy drop in the turbine and greater power generated by the steam turbine and the efficiency of the entire nuclear power plant. Based on the economic calculations carried out for 60 years of operation of a nuclear power plant with four steam generators, the profit from the use of the economizer amounted to about PLN 0.6 billion.
Źródło:
Modern Engineering; 2022, 2; 21--27
2450-5501
Pojawia się w:
Modern Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermomechanical Homogenization in Steam Explosion
Autorzy:
Pavlenkо, Anatoliy
Koshlak, Hanna
Basok, Borys
Hrabova, Tatiana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
steam explosion
homogenisation
boiling
Opis:
A steam explosion results from intense heat transfer when a thermolabile liquid phase comes into contact with a hot liquid. As a result of such contact, microdispersed fragmentation of a high-boiling liquid occurs. A mathematical model is proposed to describe the thermomechanical crushing process, considering the formation of a vapour layer at the interface between two phases and the force interaction concerning several simultaneously boiling particles of the dispersed phase.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2023, 25; 9--15
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of the steam condensation flow via CFD methods
Autorzy:
Zakrzewski, W.
Karcz, M.
Kornet, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175353.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation model
steam turbine
CFD
Opis:
The results of numerical simulations to predict the performance of different steam models have been presented. All of the considered models of steam condensation have been validated on the base of benchmark experiment employing expansion in nozzle and next on the low pressure part of the steam turbine stage. For numerical analysis three models have been finally used - the ideal steam model without condensation, equilibrium steam model and a nonequilibrium steam model. It was confirmed that only the inclusion of the nonequilibrium effects in the computations can lead to a proper prediction of the condensation phenomena in the test nozzle. However, the basic characteristics of the low-pressure turbine can be succesfully estimated using a simple ideal steam or the equilibrium condensation model.
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2012, 124; 111-124
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 367

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