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Wyszukujesz frazę "Real Driving Emissions" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
A new ecological research : real driving emissions
Autorzy:
Pielecha, J
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Jacyna-Gołda, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
Real Driving Emissions
Opis:
In the assumptions, regarding to the transport policy both at the level of country and Europe there is the concept of sustainable development of transport. Warsaw University of Technology in cooperation with Poznan University of Technology performs research work concerning the shaping of environmentally friendly transport system – Project EMITRANSYS. In this project, one of the conditions is to reduce exhaust emissions by means of transport. The paper presents the reasons for the testing of the exhaust emissions under Real Driving Emissions testing (RDE). Research potential of Institute of Combustion Engines and Transport at Poznan University of Technology in the area of road testing of passenger and heavy-duty vehicles has been presented in the paper. Example test results have been shown in the aspect of the emission-related classification of vehicles. The major challenge of worldwide emission standards, engine operating parameters in various emissions tests, the test potential under real operating conditions, the view of the analyser for on-road emission testing of vehicles, the test results for road emission of CO, HC and NOx, detailed characteristics of the averaged particle number for the entire test run (vehicles with different mileage and different emission class) for: Euro 4 class and 75,000 km; Euro 4 class and 500,000 km; Euro 5 class and 75,000 km; Euro 5 class and 500,000 km are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 259-265
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Real driving emissions : vehicle tests in variable terrain
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245283.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
Real Driving Emissions
Opis:
This paper presents the results of tests conducted in real traffic conditions in a mountainous area, taking into account the natural topography characteristics. The tested vehicle was of SUV type (Sport Utility Vehicle) with gasoline and Diesel engine, complying with emission standard Euro 5. Using the portable system for measurement of harmful substances, measurements of pollution emissions were conducted. The results obtained confirmed the substantial changes in the emission of harmful components of exhaust fumes with the change of the road grade. In all considered cases, it was confirmed that with the increasing route grade, the road emissions of all harmful components of exhaust fumes increase, however this increase varies for different pollutants. The most sensitive for spark ignition engines is emission of particulate matter, which is associated mainly with the compression ignition engines. For small changes of the road grade, the most sensitive seems to be road emission of carbon monoxide, for gasoline engines emission of particulate matter is specific, first, to all diesel engines, increase of the road grade to 10% caused on average twofold increase in the emission of harmful components of exhaust gases.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 217-225
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected problems of real driving emissions measurement
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242440.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
road test
real driving emissions
environmental protection
Opis:
The article compares driving test data using the latest legislative proposals applicable to passenger cars. Real Driving Emissions procedures have been introduced in the Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/427. Currently, quantitative RDE requirements have been established to limit emissions from exhaust systems in all operating conditions in accordance with the road emission limits set out in Regulation (EC) No. 715/2007. Several measurements were performed on the same test route in accordance with the RDE test guidelines, which requires a number of criteria to be met. These criteria include the length of the measuring segments, their overall test timeshare, and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. A mobile device for reading the EOBD System information was used to record the engine and vehicle operating parameters during tests. This allowed for the monitoring of parameters such as: load value, engine speed and vehicle velocity. The obtained results were then analysed for their compatibility with the RDE procedure requirements. Despite the same research route, the obtained results were not the same. The analysis also uses the two-dimensional operating time-share characteristics expressed in vehicle velocity and acceleration co-ordinates. As a result, it was possible to compare the dynamic properties, share of operating time and, consequently, to check the validity of conducted drive tests in terms of their practicability and emission values.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 189-196
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determining if Exhaust Emission From Light Duty Vehicle During Acceleration on The Basis of On-Road Measurements and Simulations
Autorzy:
Nowak, Mateusz
Kamińska, Michalina
Szymlet, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
air pollution
real driving emissions
PEMS
simulation
CO₂ emission
Opis:
Vehicle exhaust emissions depend on multiple factors, such as the emission norm, driving parameters (speed, acceleration) or the technical condition of the vehicle. These driving parameters may often depend on the condition of the road infrastructure and other factors influencing road conditions. The article attempted to assess the emissivity during acceleration of a vehicle powered by a compression ignition engine. Mapping the actual values is possible with the use of exhaust emission measurement equipment that operates under the actual operating conditions of a vehicle. Recently, an increase in the use of simulation methods in research of this type has been observed. The authors decided to check the suitability of using road traffic simulation software to estimate the $CO_2$ emissions during vehicle acceleration. The obtained results are promising, because in terms of the emissions of the analyzed exhaust gas component, the simulation results differed from the results obtained during measurements with the use of Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) equipment by less than ±20%.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 10; 63-72
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of the Particulate Filter Use in the Spark Ignition Engine Vehicle on the Exhaust Emission in Real Driving Emission Test
Autorzy:
Siedlecki, Maciej
Szymlet, Natalia
Sokolnicka, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124146.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Real Driving Emissions
emission
gasoline particulate filter
particulate matter
Opis:
The introduction of new exhaust emissions norms for motor vehicles forces manufacturers to rely on th new technologies of exhaust gas aftertreatment and emission reduction. The past studies by the authors demonstrated a significant emission of nanoparticles from the gasoline engines with direct fuel injection, especially dangerous for the human health and life. The latest solution is a particulate filter designed for spark ignition engines, introduced in parallel with a norm limiting their number emission. The research conducted within the article concerned testing its effectiveness by measuring the vehicle equipped with and without the filter under real driving conditions. The drive cycle was made in accordance with the requirements of the RDE (Real Driving Emission) standard using PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) equipment. The values of harmful gaseous components and solid particles were measured in terms of mass and number. The comparison of emission results indicated a significant efficiency of the filter in terms of particle weight and number reduction. The dimensional distribution of particle diameters were also analyzed, which changed as a result of the filter. The authors believe that the filter efficiency is the result of much higher temperatures of exhaust gases than in the case of diesel engines, which causes the incineration.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 1; 120-127
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remarks about real driving emissions tests for passenger cars
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
vehicle testing
emission standards
Real Driving Emissions
emisje spalin
badania pojazdu
normy emisji
Opis:
New test procedures for determining exhaust emission from passenger vehicles will be introduced in 2017. For several years, the European Commission has been developing new procedures, which aim is to perform tests in road conditions. The purpose is to determine the real values of emissions, which are not always reflected by the level of emissions obtained in the laboratory. Proper and accurate procedures for determining emissions in real traffic conditions (RDE – Real Driving Emission) have not yet been approved (as opposed to Heavy Duty Vehicles for which such conditions already exist), but there are proposals that are currently being analyzed by major research centers in Europe. There are many differences between those proposals such as determining road emission or research methodology related to emission measurement of hydrocarbons. The work compares the results of emissions measured in road tests using the latest legislative proposals related to passenger cars. The results are shown in relation to the used measurement method: classic method of determining exhaust emission; uses all measurement data determining the mass of harmful compounds and distance travelled during the test; method of averaging the measuring windows (MAW – moving average windows), also in the literature called EMROAD method, which determines the measurement windows (on the basis of carbon dioxide emissions from the WLTC test) and on its basis determines the road emission in RDE test; generalized method of instantaneous power (Power Binning), known in the literature as CLEAR – Classification of Emissions from Automobiles in Real driving, determines road emissions on the basis of generalized instantaneous power during the RDE test.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2016, 39, 3; 51-63
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cold start emissions of passenger cars with gasoline and diesel engines in Real Driving Emissions tests
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Jacek
Merkisz, Jerzy
Kurtyka, Karolina
Skobiej, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
exhaust emission
passenger cars
Real Driving Emissions
emisja spalin
samochody osobowe
rzeczywiste emisje z jazdy
Opis:
Modernization of passenger cars and constant development of existing legislation lead to a reduction of exhaust emissions from these vehicles. In accordance with package 3 of the RDE test procedure, the European Commission has extended testing methods by including exhaust emissions during a cold start. The article compares the research results on the impact of ambient temperature during the cold start of spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines in road emission tests. The tests were carried out in line with the requirements of the RDE test procedure for passenger cars meeting the Euro 6d-Temp emissions standard. The obtained results were analyzed, i.e. there were compared the engine and vehicle operation parameters and the values of road exhaust emissions, during the cold start of gasoline and diesel engines at the ambient temperature of approximately 25°C. The summary presents the share of cold start phase of a passenger car (at the ambient temperature of around 25°C) for each exhaust emission compound in the urban part of the test, and in the entire RDE test, depending on the engine type used.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 160-168
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methods of evaluating the exhaust emissions from driving vehicles
Autorzy:
Rymaniak, Łukasz
Daszkiewicz, Paweł
Merkisz, Jerzy
Kamińska, Michalina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
emission gate
net emission factor
Real Driving Emissions
współczynnik emisji spalin
rzeczywiste emisje z jazdy
Opis:
The type approval tests of vehicles with internal combustion engines increasingly include issues regarding the assessment of ecological indicators in real traffic conditions. This is done with the help of specialized equipment from the PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) group. This requires not only a series of test procedures, but also assembly of technically advanced equipment along with the proper preparation of the vehicle's exhaust system. Currently, activities are being carried out to develop solutions for non-invasive assessment of ecological indicators from moving vehicles. The article discusses these types of solutions, at the same time indicating their strengths and weaknesses. Also presented are pollutant emission tests in real operating conditions that will be used to develop a modular exhaust emission gateway. The result of the analysis was to indicate the development directions of methods for exhaust emission assessment from vehicles in motion.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 286-291
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the operation states of internal combustion engine in the Real Driving Emissions test
Autorzy:
Andrych-Zalewska, Monika
Chłopek, Zdzisław
Merkisz, Jerzy
Pielecha, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
combustion engine
real driving emissions
engine operation states
silnik spalinowy
emisje spalin
stan pracy silnika
Opis:
Internal combustion engines represent the largest share of motor vehicle propulsion types. Despite the introduction of alternative drives (hybrid and electric), combustion engines will continue to be the main factor in the development of transport. Therefore, work related to their technological development and reduction of their harmful effects on human health and the environment is required. The development of internal combustion engines can be seen in two directions: technological changes resulting in increased efficiency of such engines and the second direction connected with limitation of exhaust gas emission. The present work is included in the second direction of research interests and concerns the analysis of various operating conditions of internal combustion engines. The operating states, both static and dynamic, determine the operational properties of internal combustion engines, such as fuel and energy consumption as well as pollutant emissions. Sofar, such operating conditions have only been mapped on a chassis dynamometer in various homologation tests. The course of the type approval test was known and the conditions of measurement were also known, which made it impossible to introduce a random factor into such tests. Currently, these properties are determined in tests performed in real vehicle operating conditions – RDE (Real Driving Emissions). Such tests are representing real operating conditions of motor vehicles. Limitations for performing tests in real traffic conditions are, apart from formal requirements concerning the duration and distance of individual parts, the dynamic conditions of vehicles determined by the speed and acceleration of the vehicle. The study analyzed the properties of vehicle speed processes and engine operating states in the RDE test, taking into account its individual phases – driving in urban, rural and motorway conditions. Engine operation states are the processes of the engine rotational speed and its relative torque. It was found that the dynamic properties of the vehicle speed process are much more significant than the engine operating states. It was also found that the road emission of pollutants in the RDE test, which is the property of vehicles measured in the test, the motorway phase properties have greatest impact.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2022, 61, 1; 71--88
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of ecological extremes of vehicles in road emission tests
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Jacek
Skobiej, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1833638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
exhaust emission
passenger cars
real driving emissions
optimization
emisja spalin
samochody osobowe
badania emisji spalin
optymalizacja
Opis:
New testing procedures for determining road emissions of exhaust pollutants for passenger vehicles were established in 2018. New road testing procedures are designed to determine actual exhaust emissions, which may not always reflect laboratory emissions. Test procedures for the emission of pollutants in real traffic conditions are divided into four stages. The latest research on the emission of pollutants from motor vehicles in road traffic conditions, carried out using mobile measuring systems, reflects the actual ecological state of vehicles. The article compares the results of exhaust emissions obtained in road tests using the latest legislative proposals for passenger cars. Then, an attempt was made to determine the engine operating parameters in which exhaust road emission would be the lowest. Solution scenarios were defined as part of permissible changes to dynamic parameters that are included in European legislation on RDE testing. For this purpose, an optimization tool was used, allowing on the basis of given input data to determine the minimum objective function, defined as the smallest emission value of individual harmful compounds. The results of the exhaust gas emissions in the RDE test were used to determine the road emissions of individual harmful compounds. A thorough analysis of the emission intensity of individual compounds has shown that it is possible to approximate such values using functional rela-tionships or adopting them as a constant value. This division was used to determine the extremes (in this case the minima) of the objective function (minimum road emissions of harmful exhaust components). This task resulted in obtaining (within the permissible tolerances of all driving parameters and durations of individual road test sections) the value of exhaust emissions in the range from 26% to 81% lower than in the actual road test. This means that there is a tolerance range, where you can obtain the value of emissions in road tests. As a result, you can use the process of determining the minimum emissions tests RDE calibration of the drive units already at the stage of preparation so that in the real traffic conditions characterized by the lowest exhaust emissions.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2020, 56, 4; 33-46
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of vehicle dynamic parameters on the exhaust emissions in RDE tests
Autorzy:
Pielecha, J.
Kurtyka, K.
Skobiej, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133633.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
exhaust emission
passenger cars
road tests
Real Driving Emissions
emisja spalin
samochody osobowe
testy drogowe
rzeczywiste warunki emisji
Opis:
The article compares driving test data using the latest legislative proposals applicable to passenger cars with different drives. For this purpose, cars of one type were selected, meeting the same exhaust toxicity standard (Euro 6c) and differing in used internal combustion engines (with spark-ignition, compression-ignition and hybrid drive). Several measurements were performed on the same test route in accordance with the RDE test guidelines, which requires a several of criteria to be met. These criteria include the length of the measuring sections, their overall timeshare and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. A portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) was used to record the engine and vehicle operating parameters and to measure the exhaust emissions during tests. This allowed for the monitoring of parameters such as: load value, engine speed and vehicle velocity. Then the obtained results were analyzed for their compatibility with the RDE procedure requirements. By determining the road emission of individual harmful compounds for all vehicles and the dynamic parameters of drive (relative positive acceleration and product of speed and positive acceleration) in various phases of the road test it was possible to compare them. On this basis, the impact of dynamic conditions of road tests on the obtained results of the road exhaust emission of harmful compounds for passenger cars with various drives was defined.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2018, 57, 4; 26-34
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Exhaust Emissions of Toxic Compounds from a Special Purpose Rail Machine PŁT-500 During Profiling the Ballast Cess
Autorzy:
Daszkiewicz, Paweł
Andrzejewski, Maciej
Urbański, Patryk
Woch, Aleksandra
Stefańska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
exhaust emission
non-road mobile machinery
real driving emissions
special purpose rail machine
PŁT-500 machine
railway subgrader
Opis:
Track works typically require the use of special-purpose rail machines, in which the main source of propulsion includes high-power compression ignition engines. Reliance on these types of engines, which are characterized by a significant degree of wear and tear, relates to relatively high specific fuel consumption and the exhaust emissions of toxic compounds. Using such rail machines to perform modernization and repair works has a negative impact on the natural environment. The article presents test results of toxic compounds exhaust emissions as measured from a special purpose rail machine. The tested vehicle was a machine designed for profiling the ballast cess labeled as PŁT-500. The machine was classified as NRMM (Non Road Mobile Machinery) as well as used for profiling and cleaning the cess. A PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) type apparatus was used for the emissions measurement. This made it possible to measure the exhaust emissions as RDE (Real Driving Emissions) of toxic compounds from the machine under real operating conditions. The obtained test results include the measured exhaust emissions of gaseous compounds: CO, CO2, HC and NOx as well as the vehicle fuel consumption while performing its track works.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 7; 80-88
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of pollutant emissions and fuel consumption for the use of a multi-storey carpark
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, Maciej
Nowak, Mateusz
Woch, Aleksandra
Stefańska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
real driving emissions
exhaust emissions
fuel consumption
energy consumption
parking
rzeczywista emisja cząstek
emisja spalin
zużycie paliw
zużycie energii
parkowanie
Opis:
In Poland, the number of vehicles owned per capita is systematically increasing. There is also a noticeable increase in traffic in large urban agglomerations. This creates a number of problems, such as difficulties in finding a parking spot. Then it becomes necessary to search for a long time to stop, which is correlated with higher emission of harmful substances and energy consumption. The aim of the work is a multi-criteria analysis of the selection of a parking spot at a shopping center focused on travel times, pollutant emissions and fuel consumption. In addition, consideration was given to the selection of the optimal parking spot. The tests were carried out in Real Driving Conditions similar to Real Driving Emissions testing. The procedure, currently used as an extension of the type-approval tests, reflects the actual exhaust emissions from vehicles more accurately than tests under laboratory conditions. Specialized PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) apparatus was used for the measurements.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 4; 46--51
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testing emissions of passenger cars in laboratory and on-road (PEMS, RDE)
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Comte, P.
Zimmerli, Y.
Reutimann, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
PEMS
portable emissions measuring systems
RDE
real driving emissions
HD-vehicles
LD-vehicles
przenośne systemy pomiarowe emisji
rzeczywista emisja cząstek
Opis:
In the present paper, the results and experiences of testing different PEMS on the chassis dynamometer and on-road are presented. In the first part of work the measuring systems were installed on the same vehicle (Seat Leon 1.4 TSI ST) and the results were compared on the chassis dynamometer in the standard test cycles: NEDC, WLTC and CADC. in the second part of work the nanoparticle emissions of three Diesel cars were measured with PN-PEMS. PN-PEMS showed an excellent correlations with CPC in the tests on chassis dynamometer and it indicated very well the efficiency of DPF in eliminating the nanoparticles in real world driving.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 3; 17-23
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Observations from PEMS testing of combustion engines of different applications
Autorzy:
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
exhaust emission
passenger cars
road tests
Real Driving Emissions
emisja spalin
samochody osobowe
testy drogowe
rzeczywista emisja cząstek
Opis:
The article compares data obtained in road tests with the latest legislative proposals relating to various applications of internal combustion engines. Passenger car emission tests have been performed several times on the same test route in accordance with the RDE procedure guidelines, for which a dozen or so criteria must be met, including the distance of each of the drive sections, their in the drive time and the dynamic characteristics of the drive. The analysis was also based on a two-dimensional operating density characterization, presented in the vehicle speed-acceleration coordinates. As a result, it was possible to compare dynamic properties, operating time density and, thus, to check the validity of conducted drive tests in terms of their feasibility and emission values. An exhaust emission related comparison of three types of powertrain have been presented: gasoline, diesel and hybrid in the RDE tests. The authors proposed a new form of presenting the road exhaust emissions results in relation to the carbon dioxide emission, referred to as a standardization of the emission results. The exhaust emissions from city buses fitted with different powertrains tested on an actual bus route and in the SORT test were also compared.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2018, 57, 3; 40-55
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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