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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1136
Tytuł:
‘Zero energy’ electron beam technology for sludge hygienization
Autorzy:
Chmielewski, Andrzej G.
Sudlitz, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147406.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
biogas
sewage sludge
ionizing radiation
hygienization
Opis:
Large quantity of sewage sludge originating from wastewater treatment plants is becoming a growing problem from environmental and human health points of view. One of the ways to use sewage sludge is agricultural purpose due to its nutrients and organic matter content, but the condition is that it should be deprived of pathogenic bacteria and parasite egg contamination. Application of ionizing radiation to hygienize sewage sludge can make it appropriate for agricultural use. The process does not require addition of chemicals to sludge; it is environmentally friendly and effective in removal of biological threats. In the past, successful attempts of sewage sludge treatment using ionizing radiation were made. Pilot plants and commercial ones proved that pathogens can be easily removed from sewage sludge by ionizing radiation. The concept of ‘zero energy’ biogas plant is based on the construction of a complex system consisting of biogas plant and electron accelerator in the biofertilizer manufacturing line. Digestate originating from the methane fermentation of sewage sludge is irradiated to remove all pathogens using electron beam from an accelerator powered by electric energy obtained from burning biogas in a cogenerator. The product is a high-quality, biologically safe fertilizer.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2019, 64, 2; 55-63
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
0.2-kJ and 2-kJ high rep rate Dense Plasma foci : their design, technology, and applications
Autorzy:
Dubrovsky, A. V.
Gribkov, V. A.
Ivanov, Y. P.
Lee, P.
Lee, S.
Liu, M.
Samarin, V. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
dense plasma focus (DPF)
DPF installation
miniature focus chamber
soft and hard X-ray radiation
Opis:
The paper presents various designs of several medium and small size Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) chambers intended for numerous applications, a description of technologies used in these facilities, and some results reached with these devices by using a number of diagnostic techniques. In present experiments the DP foci have been used mainly as an X-ray source. We discuss here how it is possible to satisfy absolutely new and very strict demands on the construction and technology for the devices to be eventually applied in science and industry. Between these characteristics there are a high repetition rate (typically 1…15 Hz) and a long lifetime (over 1 million shots). Their switching elements, a collector and chambers must withstand a high quasi-continuous heat load (up to 100 kW). High energy density in the central part of the chamber anode and the necessity to provide a channel for radiation extraction demanded a special construction and specific materials implementation in this region. Their X-ray spectrum should be tuned. They have to operate with different working gases and preferably in a wide range of pressures. All these points are discussed in this report. Capabilities of the described techniques are illustrated by results of the recent experimental studies carried out with facilities located at the Nanyang Technological University (NX1) as well as at the Lebedev Physical Institute (PF-0.2).
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 107-111
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
5',8-Cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) formation by γ-radiation. Theoretical quantum mechanics study
Autorzy:
Karwowski, Boleslaw
Grand, Andre
Cadet, Jean
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine
DNA damage
ionizing radiation
density functional theory (DFT)
Opis:
Reactions of reactive oxygen species and more specifically - of hydroxyl radical (•OH) - with nucleosides may lead to the generation of radicals in the base and 2-deoxyribose moieties. In the present study emphasis was put on the possible reaction modes of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA) radicals, leading to the formation of related 5',8-cyclonucleosides. It appears that the prerequisite for the formation of 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) is the adoption of O4'-exo conformation by 2-deoxyribose; however, this is the least energetically favored conformer among the different puckered forms adopted by the furanose ring. The O4'-exo conformation was found to be present in each of the discussed mechanisms.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2009, 56, 4; 655-662
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
50 lat działalności Polskiego Towarzystwa Badań Radiacyjnych im. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie: 1967-2017
50 years of activity of the Polish Radiation Research Society memorial to Maria Skłodowska-Curie: 1967–2017
Autorzy:
Sommer, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/214171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
Polskie Towarzystwo Badań Radiacyjnych
PTBR
promieniowanie
radiobiologia
radioterapia
pola elektromagnetyczne
ochrona radiologiczna
chemia radiacyjna
energetyka jądrowa
Polish Radiation Research Society
PRRS
radiation
radiobiology
radiotherapy
electromagnetic fields
radiological protection
radiation chemistry
nuclear power
Opis:
W 2017 r. Polskie Towarzystwo Badań Radiacyjnych (PTBR) obchodzi 50-lecie swojego powstania. Utworzenie Towarzystwa miało na celu: rozwój kontaktów naukowych między poszczególnymi instytutami, laboratoriami, grupami badawczymi i stowarzyszeniami w kraju i za granicą, zajmującymi się tematami związanymi z promieniowaniem, organizację spotkań naukowców z różnych dziedzin, wymianę doświadczeń, organizację kursów doszkalających, działalność wydawniczą, a także popularyzację nauki. Te funkcje wypełniane są z powodzeniem do dnia dzisiejszego. Zebranie założycielskie PTBR odbyło się 29 czerwca 1967 r. w Pałacu Kultury i Nauki w Warszawie i tę datę uznajemy za dzień narodzin Towarzystwa. Od 1969 r. PTBR organizuje Zjazdy Naukowe - do tej pory odbyło się ich 17, a od 1970 r. - Szkoły Jesienne (odbyło się ich 24). W trakcie Zjazdów wręczane są nagrody naukowe oraz (od 1983 r.) prestiżowe medale im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie. W artykule omówiono narodziny Towarzystwa i główne formy jego działalności oraz osiągnięcia.
In 2017, Polish Radiation Research Society (PRRS) celebrates the 50th anniversary of its founding. The formation of the Society was aimed at: the development of scientific contacts between various institutes, laboratories, research groups and associations in the country and abroad, dealing with radiation related topics in the country and abroad, organizing meetings of scientists of various fields, exchange of experiences, organization of refresher courses, publishing activities, and popularization of science. These functions are successfully fulfilled to this day. The founding meeting of PRRS took place on June 29, 1967, at the Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw, and we recognize this date as the day of the birth of the Society. Since 1969 the PRRS has organized Scientific Meetings - which so far have been held 17 times, and since 1970 - the Autumn Schools (held 24 times). During the meetings Scientific Awards of PRRS and (since 1983) the prestigious medals of Maria Skłodowska-Curie are awarded. The article describes the birth of the Society, the main forms of its activity, and achievements.
Źródło:
Postępy Techniki Jądrowej; 2017, 3; 12-17
0551-6846
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Techniki Jądrowej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A comparative study of differential transformation and homotopy perturbation methods for transient combustion analysis for iron micro-particles in a gaseous oxidizing medium
Autorzy:
Yinusa, A. A.
Sobamowo, M. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046539.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Differential transformation method
Homotopy perturbation method
Iron particle combustion
Temperature distribution
Thermal radiation
Opis:
In this paper, a comparative study of differential transformation and homotopy perturbation methods for transient combustion analysis of iron micro-particles in a gaseous oxidizing medium is presented. Also, parametric studies are carried out to properly understand the reaction of the process and the associated burning time. Thermal radiation effect from the external surface of burning particle and variation of iron particle density with temperature are considered. The solutions obtained by DTM and HPM are compared with those of the fourth order Runge-Kutta numerical method. Results show that DTM has more accurate results between the two approximate analytical methods considered. Also, results show that by increasing the heat realized parameter, combustion temperature increased and it faster reaches to its constant value. It is envisaged that the present study will create tremendous insight into means of properly managing combustible micro particles exiting factories and production process organization.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 138, 2; 93-112
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A comparative study on the performance of radiation detectors from the HgI2 crystals grown by different techniques
Autorzy:
Martins, J. F. T.
Costa, F. E.
dos Santos, R. A.
de Mesquita, C. H.
Hamada, M. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
crystal growth
iodide mercury crystal
physical vapor transport (PVT)
radiation detector
semiconductor crystal
Opis:
In this work, the establishment of a technology for HgI2 purification and crystal growth is described, aiming at a future application of this crystal as a room temperature radiation semiconductor detector. Two methods of crystal growth were studied in the development of this work: (1) physical vapor transport (PVT) and (2) saturated solution from dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) complexes. In order to evaluate the crystals obtained using each of these methods, systematic measurements were carried out for determining the stoichiometry, structure, orientation, surface morphology and impurity of the crystal. The influence of these physicochemical properties of the crystals developed was evaluated in terms of their performance as a radiation detector. The best response to radiation was found for the crystals grown by the PVT technique. Significant improvement in the performance of HgI2 radiation detector was found, purifying the crystal by means of two successive growths by the PVT technique.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 4; 555-562
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A cytogenetic approach to the effects of low levels of ionizing radiation (IR) on the exposed Tunisian hospital workers
Autorzy:
Bouraoui, Sana
Mougou, Soumaya
Drira, Afef
Tabka, Faten
Bouali, Nouha
Mrizek, Najib
Elghezal, Hatem
Saad, Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179799.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-03-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
centromere-micronucleus assay
occupational radiation exposure
hospital workers
centromere negative micronuculei
Opis:
Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess chromosomal damage in Tunisian hospital workers occupationally exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation (IR). Materials and Methods: The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in the peripheral lymphocytes of 67 exposed workers compared to 43 controls matched for gender, age and smoking habits was used. The clastogenic/aneugenic effect of IR was evaluated using the CBMN assay in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization with human pan-centromeric DNA in all the exposed subjects and controls. Results: The study showed a signifi cant increase of the micronucleus (MN) frequency in the lymphocytes of the exposed workers compared to the control group (13.63±4.9‰ vs. 6.52±4.21‰, p < 0.05). The centromere analysis performed in our study showed that MNs in hospital staff were predominantly centromere negative (72%) and the mean negative labeled micronucleus (C–MN) frequency was signifi cantly higher in the exposed subjects than in the controls (9.04±4.57‰ vs. 1.17±0.77‰). The multivariate regression analysis, taking into account all confounding factors, showed that only the time of exposure to IR had a signifi cant effect on the level of MNs and C–MN. Conclusion: The present study shows that chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronucleated lymphocytes is more frequent in the hospital workers exposed to IR than in the controls, despite the low levels of exposure. The results of the study confi rm the well-known clastogenic properties of ionizing radiation. In regards to health monitoring, detection of early genotoxic effects may allow for the adoption of preventive biological control measures, such as hygienic improvements in the workplace or reduction of hours of occupational exposure.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 1; 144-154
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A gyroscope-based system for locating a point source of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation
Giroskopowy układ lokalizacji punktowego źródła promieniowania elektromagnetycznego małej częstotliwości
Autorzy:
Koruba, Z.
Tuśnio, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/281712.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
gyroscope based system
sensors
electromagnetic radiation
location of position
Opis:
The work discusses a new concept of locating the angular position of an electromagnetic radiation source. It presents a mathematical model and calculations concerning the process of target location. The considerations include the guidance of aerial vehicles onto targets of this type.
W opracowaniu przedstawiono koncepcję, model matematyczny oraz szacunkowe obliczenia dotyczące lokalizacji położenia kątowego punktowych urządzeń elektroenergetycznych. Rozpatrywana jest także możliwość naprowadzania obiektu latającego na tego rodzaju urządzenia
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2009, 47, 2; 343-362
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Method for Measuring the Radiation Pattern of UHF RFID Transponders
Autorzy:
Jankowski-Mihułowicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
RFID
UHF transponder
antenna
radiation pattern
Opis:
The operating principles of RFID antennas should be considered differently than it is applied in the classical theory of radio communication systems. The procedure of measuring the radiation pattern of antennas that could be applied to RFID transponders operating in the UHF band is seldom discussed correctly in the scientific literature. The problem consists in the variability of the RFID chip impedance that strongly influences measurement results. The authors propose the proper methodology for determining the radiation pattern with respect to an individual transponder as well as an electronically tagged object. The advantage of the solution consists in the possibility of using components of different measuring systems that are available in typical antenna laboratories. The proposed procedure is particularly important in terms of parameter validation - the identification efficiency and costs of an RFID system implementation can be evaluated properly only on the basis of real values of considered parameters.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2016, 23, 2; 163-172
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method for the determination of spatial electron density distribution in great Plasma-Focus devices
Autorzy:
Kasperczuk, A.
Paduch, M.
Pisarczyk, T.
Tomaszewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
bremsstrahlung radiation
electron density distribution
frame optical camera
plasma-focus device
plasma radiation intensity
shadowgraphy
Opis:
Determination of the electron density of plasma generated in a great plasma-focus device by means of interferometry is very difficult or sometimes impossible. In order to determine spatial electron density distributions of plasma in a PF-1000 device, a special method was prepared, with the use of plasma images obtained by means of both an optical frame camera and shadowgraphy. Analysis of plasma radiation in the very narrow Äë = 60 Ĺ optical range allowed us to determine the relation between intensity of the plasma radiation and the electron density. It was also shown that the influence of electron temperature on plasma radiation is not large. The presented method allowed us to obtain spatial electron density distributions of plasma (in relative units) in the PF-1000 device. By means of this method a number of important information about the plasma-focus phenomenon was obtained.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 1; 23-26
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Microscopic Approach for THz Intersubband Challenges
Autorzy:
Pereira, M. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308177.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
band structure engineering
coupled valence bands
intersubband laser
intersubband transitions
lasing without inversion
terahertz radiation
Opis:
The main candidate to be a practical and low cost high power THz source is the intersubband-based quantum cascade laser, which can have a tremendous impact in many practical applications, including last mile and indoor telecommunication systems. In this review we discuss current challenges for THz intersubband device development from a microscopic point of view. Next summarize the search for new mechanisms and structure designs that can lead to intersubband gain without population inversion. This is a very important topic of current research, since is both an extremely elegant phenomenon from the basic physics of view and crucial for effective lasing in the THz range. The reason is that scattering phenomena can lead to level broadenings of the same order of magnitude of the lasing transitions, making population inversion by carrier injection in upper lasing subbands extremely difficult. Previous work in the literature is compared and contrasted with a new scheme that may lead to high temperature lasing by engineering the nonequilibrium population inversion with a combination of band structure and many body effects mediated by a k-space filter.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2009, 4; 118-123
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Modal Study on the Estimation of Daily Global Solar Radiation from Sunshine Duration
Autorzy:
Er, Z.
Rouabah, Z.
Turna, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031570.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
Daily Average Solar Radiation
Sunshine Duration
Global Solar Radiation Model
Opis:
Building solar plants with suitable placement in the correct geographic areas by utilizing information of solar radiation is the starting point of an investment projects of a solar energy facility. In these premises, several solar radiation models have been improved in order to estimate the solar radiation at a given location, all around the world. Complete and accurate solar radiation data at a specific region are quite important for the solar energy related researches. A number of formulas and models have been developed to estimate solar radiation for the locations, where measured values are not available. Thus, several empirical correlations have been developed in the literature. In this study, models such as the Angström equation, which is reviewed in literature, are used to estimate global solar radiation from sunshine duration in Turkey. In addition, the solar radiation models were examined at the identified solar radiation regions. This study investigates either the correctness of the model itself or the correctness of the estimation of global solar radiation, based on a set of statistical parameters such as R², RMSE, MBE, MABE, MPE and MAPE.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 1070-1075
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A model-measurements comparison of atmospheric forcing and surface fluxes of the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Rudolph, C.
Lehmann, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
coupled sea-ice-ocean model
surface flux
temperature
pressure
radiation flux
heat flux
air-sea interaction
Baltic Sea
wave radiation
Opis:
Observed basic meteorological quantities, heat and radiation fluxes from three different measurement stations in the Baltic Sea are compared with model data of the coupled sea-ice-ocean model BSIOM in order to evaluate the atmospheric forcing, corresponding surface fluxes and the sea surface response. Observational data weremade available from the BASIS winter campaigns in 1998 and 2001 as well as from the r/v ‘Alkor’ cruise in June 2001. Simulated fluxes were calculated from prescribed atmospheric forcing provided from the SMHI meteorological database and modelled sea surface temperatures. The comparison of these fluxes with observations demonstrates a strong correlation, even though mean differences in sensible heat fluxes range from 4 to 12 W m−2 in winter and −25 W m−2 in the June experiment. Differences in latent heat fluxes range from −10 to 23 W m−2. The short-wave radiation flux used as model forcing is on average 15 W m−2 less than the corresponding observations for the winter experiments and 40 W m−2 for the June experiment. Differences in net long-wave radiation fluxes range from −5 to 12W m−2 in winter and −62W m−2 for the June experiment. The correspondence between measured and calculated momentum fluxes is very high, which confirms the usability of our model component for calculating surface winds and wind stresses from the atmospheric surface pressure.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A more accurate formula for calculating the net longwave radiation flux in the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Zapadka, T.
Wozniak, B.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
temperature
cloud
radiation flux
water vapour
atmosphere
long-wave radiation
sea surface
Baltic Sea
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new design of scanning IR detectors
Autorzy:
Dvoretsky, Sergey A.
Kovchavtsev, Anatoly P.
Lee, Irlam I.
Polovinkin, Vladimir G.
Sidorov, Georgiy Yu.
Yakushev, Maxim V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
scanning IR detector
photosensitive element
Monte Carlo method
local quantum efficiency
point radiation source
Opis:
Photoelectrical characteristics of scanning IR detectors with implemented time delay and integration mode are analyzed. A new “shifted cellular” layout of photosensitive elements in the FPA structure is proposed. Advantages of the new FPA configuration in terms of threshold sensitivity for small-size/point objects are demonstrated. The analysis is based on the Monte Carlo simulation of the diffusion process of photogenerated minority charge carriers in the photosensitive layer photodiode arrays. The analysis is performed taking into account the main photoelectric parameters of FPA elements: photosensitive layer thickness, diffusion length of charge carriers, optical absorption length, their design parameters: geometric sizes of FPA elements, diameters of p-n junctions, and design parameters of the optical system: optical-spot diameter.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2020, 28, 2; 93--98
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1136

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