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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 53
Tytuł:
Problematyka uzyskiwania frakcji paliwowych z węgla i odpadowych poliolefin
Issues of fuel fractions obtainment from coal and waste polyolefin
Autorzy:
Tokarska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1826014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
karbochemia
paliwa płynne
węgiel
odpadowe poliolefiny
Opis:
The alternative sources of liquid fuels are: renewable raw materials, coal and waste polyolefins. Liquid fuels may be obtained from coal using two methods: o indirect method, composes of coal gasification to the gas synthesis, and then the synthesis of hydrocarbons using Fischer-Tropsch method, o direct method, based on the Bergiusa process and consists in direct hydrogenation of coal to the liquid product, so-called "coal oil". Waste poliolefins (PO), which have the highest part in the stream of waste artificial materials and, it is estimated, produced each year in the amount of about 1-1.5 million of Mg (divergences in balance result from the import of ready products) are the potential source of fuel fractions. The pyrolysis of waste PO, conducted in laboratory conditions, runs under the atmospheric pressure in the range of temperatures 300-420°C. Material undergoes reaction in above 90% of mass, and the main product is the liquid one, obtained in the quantity about 80% of mass. Pyrolysis products of PO do not contain sulphur, however the portion of unsaturated compounds comes to 50%, so their refining is necessary. The second technology using waste PO is their thermal and catalytic decomposition in mixture with the technological oil of petroleum origin. Till end of 2006 according to this technology worked two industrial installations (in Jasło Refinery and AGROB EKO in Zabrze), which can deliver together about 40 thousands of Mg of the product annually. Series of tests hydrocracking of two industrial fractions, which proprieties are presented in Table 1, and fraction balances in Figure 4 were conducted. Tests of hydrocrackingu of material I was carried out on catalyst K I, and material II on catalyst K II. 8 tests of hydrocracking were conducted on each catalyst, in total time about 20 hours. The parameters of processes were following: temperature - 300 and 450°C, pressure - 6 and 8 MPa, mass loading of catalyst - 2 and 2.4 h-1. Conducted series of tests of hydrocrackingu process gave moderately satisfactory results. Obtained products contained higher portion of components distilling to 360°C. Such increase in case of both materials was about 15% of volume. It concerned mainly fraction about the range of the petrol boiling. Portion of fraction with the range of boiling of diesel oil stayed on the same level as in initial materials.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2008, Tom 10; 533-543
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 53

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