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Tytuł:
Symulacja pracy systemów okretowych na przykładzie układu sterowania i kontroli silnika głównego
Simulation of work ship` systems for example of the main engine
Autorzy:
Śmierzchalski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/157625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
systemy okrętowe
układ sterujący
silnik główny okrętowy
work ship`systems
main engine control
monitoring system
Opis:
Przedstawiono w artykule koncepcję i realizację układu symulacji pracy systemów okretowych. Koncepcję układu symulacji oparto na połączeniu sterowników PLC, na których modelowane sa obiekty sterowania, z rzeczywistymi systemami sterowania i kontroli. Praktycznie układ zrealizowano łącząc rzeczywisty system sterowania i kontroli okrętowego silnika głównego AutoChief 4 firmy Kongsberg Maritime Ship Systems z modelem silnika głównego typu RTA Sulzer. Uzyskane doświadczenia oraz badania potwierdziły, że jest możliwe zachowując warunki bliskie do rzeczywistych, realizować zadania diagnozowania, podejmowania decyzji oraz obsługi systemów sterowania i kontroli. Zastosowanie w układzie rzeczywistego systemu sterowania i kontrolo, znacznie rozszerzyło zakres możliwych do realizacji zadań badawczych jak i dydaktycznych.
The concept and realisation of the system for simulated work ships` systems were presented. The concept of simulation system was leaned on the connection PLC controllers, which was modelled the objects of control, with real control and monitoring systems. Practically the system was realised by connection real monitoring and control of ship main propulsion AutoChief 4 of Kongsberg Maritime Ship Systems with model of main engine RTA Sulzer. Taking into account experiences and research the present devices have proved that realization of the assumed didactic task is possible, preserving the conditions close to those observed in real training in automatics system maintenance. A new elements introduced to the presented simulation system is the use of controlling, and measuring systems being in operation on real ships. Use of real systems will assure broader range of research and training.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2003, R. 49, nr 1, 1; 14-17
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vlianie temperatury okruzausej sredy na velicinu eksergeticeskogo KPD glavnogo dvigatela
The Influence of Ambient Temperature on the Efficiency Factor of Main Engine Operation
Autorzy:
Behrendt, C.
Motornyj, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
EXPLO-SHIP 2004
marine power plant
main engine
efficiency factor
ambient temperature
Opis:
The factor of thermal efficiency, used for the assessement of the use of heat in the diesel engine working cycles, has been based on the the first law of thermodynamics only. This paper indicates the fact that to achieve more comprehensive thermodynamic analyses it is necessary to use factors based on the two laws of thermodynamics. One such factor herein proposed is the exoergic efficiency. The method for the determination of this factor for the main engine is presented. Original relations involving the exoergic efficiency are set out. The factor depends on the ambient temperature.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2004, 1 (73); 21-29
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forces exciting vibrations of ships hull and superstructure
Autorzy:
Murawski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
hull vibration
superstructure vibration
main engine vibrations
excitation forces
pressure pulses
propulsion system's reactions
crankshaft-propeller phasing
Opis:
The paper presents identification of main excitation forces ofvibrations of ship hull and its superstructure, as well as investigation of influence of the analyzed excitation on ship vibration level. The following excitation forces were analyzed: dynamic pressure on the transom deck, propeller-generated hydrodynamic forces, as well as internal and external engine-generated forces. Rigidity and attenuation characteristics of lubricating oil film were taken into account in the analysis of the excitations transmitted by the propulsion system bearings (stern tube bearing, intermediate bearing, engine s main and thrust bearings). The dynamic characteristics of ship's power transmission system were also taken into account.Results of the analyzes were verified by comparing results of the computations and measurements.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2005, 4; 15-21
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
K ispolzovaniju termodynamiceskih metodov dla analiza effektivnosti utilizacii tepla uhodasih gazov glavnyh dvigatelej
Thermodynamic Methods for the Analysis of Efficiency of Utilization of Main Engines Exhaust Gases Heat
Autorzy:
Behrendt, C.
Motornyj, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
OMiUO 2005
ship power plant
main engine
factor of efficiency
utilization of exhaust gases heat
Opis:
It has been shown that the concept of exergue can be used in the analysis of thermo-dynamic efficiency. The concept incorporates both principles of thermodynamics. The factor of exergue efficiency is shown. The developed technique of defining the values of exergue losses occurring at the utilization of heat of internal combustion engine exhaust gases is based. The technique is based on the entropy method. The obtained dependences determining the influence of various factors have been presented as well.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2005, 5 (77); 22-37
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stiffness characteristics and thermal deformations of the frame of high power marine engine
Autorzy:
Murawski, L.
Szmyt, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
marine main engine
main bearing
static and dynamic stiffness characteristics of bearing
thermal deformation
temperature distribution
Opis:
In the subject-matter literature detail data on stiffness of the crankshaft foundation connected with the frame of marine main engine are still lacking. Thermal deformation models of the engine’s casing, proposed by engine producers, are excessively simplified. However the parameters are crucial for the shaft-line alignment analysis as well as for the analysis of interactions between the shaft-line and engine crankshaft, especially in the case of high power engines. This paper presents a determination method of the marine engine body characteristics as well as results of example computations performed for a Sulzer 7 RTA 84 C engine installed on a ~3000 TEU container ship. It has been demonstrated that the producer’s assumption about parallel displacement of the crankshaft axis in thermal working conditions is too rough. The thermal deformation of the engine is of hogging character, which results in significant change of the moment load exerted on the crankshaft and shaft line. The stiffness parameters recommended by the producers for the shaft-line alignment are estimated correctly, however they represent only engine’s body flexibility, without taking into account ship’s hull flexibility.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2007, 1; 16-22
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stochastic model of the load spectrum for main engines of sea-going ships
Autorzy:
Girtler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243406.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
semi-Markov process
load
diesel engine
main engine
sea ship
Opis:
The paper presents possibility of applying the theory of semi-Markov processes for probabilistic description of load spectrum for diesel engines employed for ship propulsion, so for main engines. The considerations include output power characteristics for this kind of engines. The characteristics have enabled formulating a four-member set of states of the process of load on the engines. The theory of semi-Markov processes has been applied for describing the real process of loads on the mentioned engines. This theory has made possible building a model of the engine loads in form of a continuous-time semi-Markov process with a four-state set of values. Properties of a Darboux continuous function, which allow considering the engine loads as the discrete-states and continuous-time processes, have been used to build the model. In consequence a limiting distribution of the occurring process of successive states of engine loads could be determined. The distribution is the probabilities of staying a sea-going ship main engine in successive states of load. The distribution is characterized by the spectrum of loads on this kind of engines. The presented model can be developed by taking into account many states of the process of main engines loading as the need is to make such a probabilistic description of the process that provides possibility of rational control of the operating process.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 187-193
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The microprocessor device for measurements of torque and rotational speed on the propeller shaft of ship
Urządzenie do pomiaru momentu i prędkości obrotowej na wale śruby napędowej statku
Autorzy:
Morawski, L.
Szuca, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/158019.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
okrętowy układ napędowy
silnik napędu głównego
pomiar momentu
momentomierz
ship's propulsion unit
main engine
torquemeter
Opis:
The paper presents the new model of torque meter designed in Gdynia Maritime University and Research-Production Enterprise for Maritime Industry "ENAMOR" Ltd., Gdynia. The general idea of measurement makes use of the torsion angle measured on a shaft section (400 mm) using the photo-optical technique. Torque meter unit is equipped with Programmable Logic Device (PLC) for calculations, external parameters acquisition (ex.: speed, trim, shaft generator power etc.) and measured data storage in memory. This unit (bearing a symbol ETNP-8) has also possibility to measure instantaneous fluctuations of the torque and engine rotational speed as a function of the shaft rotation angle. Displaying time-histories of those parameters on the monitor screen of an external PC computer gives the operator an opportunity to make a preliminary performance assessment for each individual cylinder in the engine, and for the drive system as a whole. As an example, the analysis and processing of the measured torque and rotational speed fluctuations are presented. The measurements were done on the training ship m/s Horyzont II, owned by the Gdynia Maritime University.
Referat przedstawia urządzenie do pomiaru momentu i prędkości kątowej na wale śruby, wykorzystujące fotooptyczny pomiar kąta skręcenia wału. Na podstawie mierzonych czasów trwania zębów i szczelin dwóch tarczy zębowych wyznaczana jest prędkość obrotowa, moment i moc na wale oraz teoretyczne zużycie paliwa. Dołączony do urządzenia zewnętrzny komputer PC, z odpowiednim oprogramowaniem umożliwia pomiar wartości chwilowych momentu i prędkości obrotowej w funkcji kąta położenia wału korbowego. Pomiary wartości chwilowych zawierają informację diagnostyczną o pracy układu napędowego statku.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 12, 12; 5-7
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Construction of the Ship’s Technical Failure Model to Assess its Navigational Safety
Autorzy:
Gucma, L.
Gralak, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116693.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Navigational Safety
Ship's Technical Failure
Marine Accidents
Human Factor
Safety Analysis
Steering Gear
Main Engine
Marine Simulator
Opis:
The ship technical failures contribution in overall number of navigational accidents are significantly smaller than those caused by human factor but in safety analysis they cannot be neglected. The paper presents methodology of modeling the technical failures of ships with respect of most important ship systems such as main engine, power generators and steering gear. The repair time is also taken into account. The data for simulation was obtained from analysis of ships statistical data of polish owners. The model could be used mostly in assessment with projecting phase of ship appliances, simulating owner’s economical analysis or generating random events in marine simulators.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2008, 2, 2; 173-176
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Paris MOU on PSC, Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery Deficiencies and the Maritime Safety
Autorzy:
Melo, G.
Cobos, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116015.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Safety and Security in Sea Transportation
Port State Control (PSC)
Auxiliary Machinery System
Maritime Safety
Paris MOU
Propulsion
Main Engine
safety at sea
Opis:
This article tries to show the relationship between one important set of deficiencies included in the Paris Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control procedures, propulsion and auxiliary machinery, the importance of this set of deficiencies for the PSC inspection and also its importance for the Maritime Safety. The maintenance of the propulsion and auxiliary machinery systems has become less important that it deserves, that means while the ship sails everything is supposed to be properly maintained, this is the most extended policy in the Companies and accepted and supported by the Owners. This article studies the deficiencies included in the category propulsion and auxiliary machinery detected by the Port State Control Officers (PSCO) of the Paris MOU area, and tries to demonstrate how important they are in these inspections. At the same time can be seen the professional profile of the PSCO’s as well as the assessment made by them of those areas included in this set of deficiencies.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2008, 2, 4; 397-401
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The structure of main engine power installed on Polish fishing vessels operating from Polish ports
Struktura polskich jednostek rybackich łowiących w oparciu o polskie porty
Autorzy:
Rajewski, P.
Behrendt, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/256076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Eksploatacji - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
rybołówstwo
silnik napędu głównego
struktura
statek rybacki
napęd
fishing
main engine power
propulsion
structure main engine power
Opis:
Scientists of the Institute of Technical Operation of Marine Power Plants, Maritime University of Szczecin, are doing research on "The fishing craft modernisation program for the reduction of power consumption and minimisation of environmental impact" funded by an EU grant. The first step to reach the final aim - the reduction of the adverse effects of fishing craft on the marine environment - was to identify the age/size structure and distribution of Polish fishing vessels' main engines. This has enabled the preparation of the range and method of record keeping of fishing vessels' power systems.
W artykule wykorzystano informacje zebrane w czasie realizacji pracy badawczej "Program modernizacji jednostek rybackich w aspekcie zmniejszenia nakładów energetycznych i oddziaływania na środowisko" w ramach grantu UE. W artykule przedstawiono zebrane i opracowane materiały dotyczące struktury silników napędowych polskich jednostek rybackich, eksploatowanych w oparciu o polskie porty. Przeanalizowano zainstalowane moce napędu głównego w różnych grupach ich wielkości statków rybackich. Analiza była podstawą do opracowania "Karty ewidencji Jednostki".
Źródło:
Problemy Eksploatacji; 2008, 1; 215-219
1232-9312
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Eksploatacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of main engine power of seagoing ship at preliminary design stage
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Krefft, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247536.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
seagoing ships
container vessels
preliminary design stage
ship's propulsion
main engine power
Opis:
Permanent growth of the container shipbuilding has led to the need of research - developing activities with references to design and ship building process. The requirements for the container vessels have been modified and changed compared with the ships built in the eighties of the past century. The ships capacity have been increased up to and even above 10 000 twenty feet containers (TEU) with the service speed above 25 knots. For such a giant sea going vessels with the overall length above 300 meters and draught above 10 meters the ship hull resistance characteristics have been modified. Those conditions bring to the situation where the propulsion power for the seagoing ships reached 80 MW. The estimation of the main engine power relation in the preliminary design stage is the main aim of the paper. The problem is such important as in that stage the most important design decisions with relatively low investment costs are determined. Moreover, the preliminary design stage distinguishes that the designer possesses just a few design parameters given by the ship owner of the future vessel. That is why the correct choice of the main engine power is difficult to determine. Determination of the main propulsion power impacts the electric and heat energy amount and the production way of both energy forms. The main engine equation has been determined based on the container ship's parameters for the entire range of container vessels load capacity (TEU). The values of the design parameters have came from author 's data base for the contemporary container vessels.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 89-95
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of seagoing ships engine power based on distinguishing quantity parameter
Autorzy:
Charchalis, A.
Krefft, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
container vessels
TEU
main engine power
quantity parameter
displacement
Opis:
The power of main engine must be determined in such a way to let the seagoing ship reaches the predicted, in the agreement with the ship owner, service speed. Significant influence on the main engine power, apart from the ship 's speed, has a geometry shape and the dimensions of the ship's hull. Begins from the general form of Admiralition's equation, it is essential to establish the specific quantity parameter for the estimation of main engine power. That parameter can be described by the displacement, DWT, LBT, TEU number, the 14 tons TEU number etc. depends on the type of the seagoing vessel. The estimation of the specified maximum continuous rating SMCR based on the quantity parameter can be practicable in the preliminary design stage because of the small number of the known design data and the importance of the design decisions made at that level. The characteristic quantity parameter to establish the main engine power of the seagoing ship has been determined using the data of the contemporary container ships in operation. The research has been done in the whole range of the container capacity in TEU, where the combustion, reciprocation engines are used to propel the seagoing vessels. The statistical and regression tools have been utilized in the data analysis process to determine the quantity parameter.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 51-56
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method for evaluating theoretical and real operation of diesel engines in energy conversion formulation taking into account their operating indices
Autorzy:
Girtler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
operation
energy
diesel engine
ship’s main engine
Opis:
The article proposes valuating the operation of an arbitrary diesel engine, based on the sample case of a ship’s main engine in which energy conversion processes take place in a given time. The above operation is understood as the energy transfer to the screw propeller in the given time in which the energy conversion into work and/or heat and its further transmission take place. The here proposed method for evaluating the operation of the main engines installed in marine power plants consists in comparing the operation of these engines to a physical quantity the measuring unit of which is the joule-second (joule×second). A new term is introduced which bears the name of the theoretical engine operation and is the standard (ideal) operation which can be compared to the operation of real engines revealing different levels of wear. It was shown that the calculations of the theoretical operation defined in the above way cannot make direct use of commonly known theoretical Diesel and Sabathe cycles. Instead they should use the cycles modified by heat abstraction taking place in accordance with the isobaric, or isothermal process. Other new terms introduced in the article are: the degree of excellence of energy conversion to work, considered as the measure of excellence of engine operation, and the degree of engine operation dissipation, being the measure of its real operation. It is shown that if in time t of engine operation the case takes place that: Li = idem and Le = idem, then the engine operation dissipation is equal to its mechanical efficiency.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2011, 3; 31-36
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of ships engine effective power, fuel consumption and emission using the vessel speed
Autorzy:
Borkowski, T.
Kasyk, L.
Kowalak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247151.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
ships
main propulsion
marine diesel engine
exhaust emission
Opis:
Currently, the Baltic Sea States suggests a proposal to designate the Baltic Sea as an Emission Control Area for nitrogen oxides, in accordance with Annex VI of MARPOL73/78. The emission would be estimated on the data produced by the AIS (Automatic Identification System) system that is compulsory for ships. Therefore, exhaust emission of the ships' can be computed using the actual speed and main propulsion shaft power. Mostly, main propulsion engines' exhaust emission is dependent to realistic performance and can be determined. The research plan has been prepared, aimed an evaluating the main propulsion engine performance and emissions. In cooperation with the ship owner, the experimental program onboard the container vessel, equipped with latest large bore, two-stroke, and slow speed MAN B&W electronic controlled engine was carried out. The records set of vessel speed and related engine shaft power, fuel consumption and exhaust emission for container vessel is formed. Taking into account; main engine performance, types of fuel and other input data, the emission factors were determined for ship sea service state. Main engine shaft power estimation and measurement setup, examples of main engine shaft power, the shaft power equation coefficients density, example of main engine service operation, fuel oil consumption group, the ship speed estimated form, example of main engine area operation influenced by weather conditions are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 31-39
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy efficiency design index of container vessel - operational approach
Autorzy:
Borkowski, T.
Kasyk, L.
Kowalak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
ship
main propulsion
marine diesel engine
Energy Efficiency Design Index
exhaust emission
Opis:
The ship "Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)" has been formulated by the IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) as a measure of the CO2 emission performance of ships. The ship EEDI is calculated based on characteristics of the ship at build, incorporating parameters including ship capacity, engine power and fuel consumption. Shipping is responsible for CO2 discharge of approximately 3.3% global emission and despite being an energy-efficient transport means, compared with other transport modes, there are opportunities for increasing energy efficiency. The EEDI requires a minimum energy efficiency level (CO2 emissions) per capacity mile (e.g. tonne mile) for different ship type and size sectors. With the level being tightened over time, the EEDI will stimulate continued technical development of all the components influencing the energy efficiency of a ship. The paper presents an overview of EEDI calculation method for container vessels and results of experimental approach. The experimental process results through comprehensive analysis of operational data, from modern container vessel, equipped with direct main propulsion unit have been introduced. Ship operators have already been implementing energy efficiency operational measures and set goals for reducing the energy consumption of their fleet. Performance and savings are not always monitored and reported. However, it can be foreseen that such activity when is successfully promoted, reduction of CO2 emissions can be achieved.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 93-100
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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