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Wyszukujesz frazę "Kraków Academy" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
From the Faculty of Theology of the Kraków Academy to the John Paul II Pontifical University in Kraków 1397–2009
Autorzy:
Piech, Stanisław Ludwik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Faculty of Theology in Kraków
Kraków Academy
Jagiellonian University
Pontifical Academy of Theology in Kraków
John Paul II Pontifical University
Opis:
In 1397 Pope Boniface IX, at the request of King Władysław Jagiełło and his wife Saint Jadwiga (Hedvig), Queen of Poland, called into being a Faculty of Theology in Studium Generale in Kraków. Scientific talents and hard work together with universal support of the state and Church authorities set the young faculty on its feet immediately. The period of the first hundred years was a golden age in the development of the Faculty. It rapidly won fame not only in Poland but also in all Europe, mainly because of the speeches of its theologians at the Councils of Constance and Basle. The fame of Kraków theologians spread throughout Europe during the period of the Council of Basle. During the period of the Reformation, professors of the university, then called the Kraków Academy, were involved in defence of the Catholic Church. During the Council of Trent (1545–1563) in the university circles there appeared splendid works impugning the Protestant and neo-Arian views. The codification of dogmas at the Council of Trent facilitated the teaching methods and acceptance of Summa Theologica by St. Thomas Aquinas as the best interpretation of the Christian outlook.In 1795, Poland was completely erased from the map of Europe, torn and divided between Prussia, Russia and Austria. Kraków came under the sway of the Austrians, beginning a difficult period for the Faculty of Theology and the whole University. The Austrian system concerning politics and the Church, called Josephinism, was damaging to the theological studies there. The re-organisation of the Faculty in 1880 was very crucial. It restored full academic rights, and the increasing number of chairs initiated a period of intense re-building of the University’s role in Polish culture, which it had enjoyed in the 15th–16th centuries. In 1880–1939, the Faculty experienced something similar to a second spring, comparable with its golden 15th century. The successful development of the Faculty was dramatically interrupted by the outbreak of World War II in September 1939 and the following gehenna of the Nazi occupation.After the war, the struggle with the Church, atheistic policy and laicisation planned by the communist government prevented a normal development of the Faculty outright. The faculty’s existence was in jeopardy. The threat of liquidation appeared unavoidable and then it became fact. The Council of Ministers of the Polish People’s Republic by its unilateral decision of 1954, without any agreement with the Church, connected the Faculty of Theology of the Jagiellonian University to the Faculty of Catholic Theology of Warsaw University to form the Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw, which had just been created by the government. The Faculty of Theology in Kraków survived as an independent faculty due to the uncompromising attitude of the Apostolic See and the Kraków bishops. In 1974 the Faculty, functioning within the Metropolitan Seminary, was bestowed the title ‘pontifical.’ A turning point in the history of the Faculty was its re-structuring as an academy with three faculties. In 1981, Pope John Paul II established the Pontifical Academy of Theology. In 2009, Pope Benedict XVI elevated it to the John Paul II Pontifical University.
In 1397 Pope Boniface IX, at the request of King Władysław Jagiełło and his wife Saint Jadwiga (Hedvig), Queen of Poland, called into being a Faculty of Theology in Studium Generale in Kraków. Scientific talents and hard work together with universal support of the state and Church authorities set the young faculty on its feet immediately. The period of the first hundred years was a golden age in the development of the Faculty. It rapidly won fame not only in Poland but also in all Europe, mainly because of the speeches of its theologians at the Councils of Constance and Basle. The fame of Kraków theologians spread throughout Europe during the period of the Council of Basle. During the period of the Reformation, professors of the university, then called the Kraków Academy, were involved in defence of the Catholic Church. During the Council of Trent (1545–1563) in the university circles there appeared splendid works impugning the Protestant and neo-Arian views. The codification of dogmas at the Council of Trent facilitated the teaching methods and acceptance of Summa Theologica by St. Thomas Aquinas as the best interpretation of the Christian outlook.In 1795, Poland was completely erased from the map of Europe, torn and divided between Prussia, Russia and Austria. Kraków came under the sway of the Austrians, beginning a difficult period for the Faculty of Theology and the whole University. The Austrian system concerning politics and the Church, called Josephinism, was damaging to the theological studies there. The re-organisation of the Faculty in 1880 was very crucial. It restored full academic rights, and the increasing number of chairs initiated a period of intense re-building of the University’s role in Polish culture, which it had enjoyed in the 15th–16th centuries. In 1880–1939, the Faculty experienced something similar to a second spring, comparable with its golden 15th century. The successful development of the Faculty was dramatically interrupted by the outbreak of World War II in September 1939 and the following gehenna of the Nazi occupation.After the war, the struggle with the Church, atheistic policy and laicisation planned by the communist government prevented a normal development of the Faculty outright. The faculty’s existence was in jeopardy. The threat of liquidation appeared unavoidable and then it became fact. The Council of Ministers of the Polish People’s Republic by its unilateral decision of 1954, without any agreement with the Church, connected the Faculty of Theology of the Jagiellonian University to the Faculty of Catholic Theology of Warsaw University to form the Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw, which had just been created by the government. The Faculty of Theology in Kraków survived as an independent faculty due to the uncompromising attitude of the Apostolic See and the Kraków bishops. In 1974 the Faculty, functioning within the Metropolitan Seminary, was bestowed the title ‘pontifical.’ A turning point in the history of the Faculty was its re-structuring as an academy with three faculties. In 1981, Pope John Paul II established the Pontifical Academy of Theology. In 2009, Pope Benedict XVI elevated it to the John Paul II Pontifical University.
Źródło:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2013, 3, 1
2391-6559
2083-8018
Pojawia się w:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
"Zabawy mędrców" Antoniego Wysockiego – powieść z życia akademików krakowskich XVI wieku
"Zabawy mędrców" by Antoni Wysocki – a novel about the life of academics from Krakow in the 16th century
Autorzy:
Samborska-Kukuć, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40615049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Antoni Godziemba Wysocki
Zabawy mędrców
the Krakow Academy
Middle Ages
education
Akademia Krakowska
średniowiecze
oświata
Opis:
Zabawy mędrców – a novel by Antoni Godziemba Wysocki, a forgotten writer, an eccentric and intellectual from Lviv, was published in the interwar period and became a literary event. Reviewers unanimously emphasized his innovative approach to history. It was not the historical novel that readers were used to, both in terms of idea and form. Placing the action inside the Krakow Academy in the 16th century, at the turn of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, was supposed to demonstrate the pathology of education that was dominated by dogma and scholasticism against the background of the daily life of those days. In order to achieve that, the author allegedly worked on his book for over twenty years, thoroughly studying the sources: rare papers, manuscripts and numerous dissertations about the history of the Jagiellonian University. Consequently, a vivid (but strongly biased and clearly depreciating the Middle Ages) study of a few teachers came into life. The professors and bachelors, who had authentic prototypes, were shown through psychoanalytical examination in search of their complexes and personality disorders that limited their mental and didactic work. Wysocki’s work: cool, intellectual, and allusive, it was a unique but one‑sided presentation of Polish culture during the times of the last Jagiellon, but above all, it was a type of warning that concerned the condition and future of Polish education after gaining independence.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria; 2023, 23; 109-123
2081-1853
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zawsze wierny? Sytuacja wyznaniowa w Uniwersytecie Krakowskim w XVI i XVII w.
Autorzy:
Machaj, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/602713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
stosunki wyznaniowe
Akademia Krakowska
reformacja
kontrreformacja
protestantyzm
kalwinizm
confessional relations
Kraków Academy
Protestant Reformation
Counter-Reformation
Protestantism
Calvinism
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w nowym świetle sytuacji wyznaniowej Uniwersytetu Krakowskiego w wiekach XVI i XVII, dzięki wykorzystaniu pomijanych w tym kontekście źródeł (głównie albumów studentów) oraz dzięki wnikliwszej analizie tych, z których korzystali wcześniejsi badacze zagadnienia (np. akt rektorskich, konkluzji uniwersyteckich oraz diariuszy profesorów i rektorów). Uniwersytet Krakowski był katolicką instytucją, dlatego interesujące wydaje się przedstawienie stosunku władz uczelni do akatolików w okresie, gdy sprawy wyznaniowe stały się palącym problemem w Krakowie i całej Rzeczypospolitej. Założeniem było także przeanalizowanie możliwości funkcjonowania innowierców w kręgu uczelni w poszczególnych okresach oraz przedstawienie najważniejszych wydarzeń czy regulacji mających wpływ na politykę Uniwersytetu. Kolejnym zadaniem było ukazanie poszczególnych etapów administracyjnego wykluczania (na wielu poziomach) studentów akatolickich. Jednak same kontakty uczelni z mniejszościami religijnymi w Krakowie są kwestią tak złożoną, że pozostały poza granicami tego tekstu.
The article aims at showing in a new light the confessional situation of the Academy of Cracow in the 16th and 17th centuries, using sources omitted in previous research into the topic and thanks to a more detailed analysis of the sources used by other scholars (e.g., Acta rectoralia, university conclusions, rectors’ and professors’ diaries). The Academy of Cracow was a Catholic institution, thus portraying the attitude of the university’s authorities to non-Catholics in a period of confessional struggle in Cracow and in the Commonwealth seemed promising. Another point was to analyse the possibilities for non-Catholics to function within the walls of the University in different periods of time, as well as to describe the most important events and regulations, which influenced the University’s policy. The author also tried to bring to light the subsequent stages of administrative exclusion (on various levels) of non-Catholic students. However, the contacts of the Academy with religious minorities in Cracow is a matter so complex, that it remained beyond the scope of the article.
Źródło:
Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce; 2015, 59
0029-8514
Pojawia się w:
Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kraków Academy: The Crown Main School from 1773 to 1794
Akademia Krakowska. Szkoła Główna Koronna w latach 1773–1794
Autorzy:
Ryś, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
Tematy:
Commission of National Education
Kraków Academy
Crown Main School
universities
Komisja Edukacji Narodowej
Akademia Krakowska
Szkoła Główna Koronna
uniwersytety
kształcenie nauczycieli
Opis:
The establishment of the Commission of National Education initiated a process of profound changes in Polish education, including both organisational structures and teaching programmes. One of the first tasks faced by the new educational authority was the creation of a school system covering the successive stages of education from primary schools to universities. The new structures were to be headed by universities, exercising control over lower-level education. The existing universities in Kraków and Vilnius differed significantly from their modern European counterparts, so the Commission initially wanted to establish new ones. In the course of discussions and at the request of representatives of the Kraków Academy, decisions were made to reform both universities. The reform of the Kraków Academy was undertaken by her student, Hugo Kołłątaj, who learned the current trends in the development of European universities during his studies abroad. The reformed university, which was now called the Crown Main School, consisted of the College of Morality, with schools of theology, law and literature, and the College of Physics, with schools of mathematics, physics and medicine. The Seminary for Candidates for the Academic Estate was launched at the university, in which future teachers were educated. In departure from the medieval rules, the method of hiring and promoting lecturers was also changed. The university was to be a research and teaching institution with a comprehensive range of education opportunities. While modern knowledge, especially in the field of natural sciences, was to be applied in everyday life in order to contribute to raising the economic level of the country, the development of the social sciences and the humanities was aimed at shaping a new model of the Pole, a patriot and citizen.
Źródło:
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty; 2018, 55; 77-107
0080-4754
Pojawia się w:
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zarys działalności Kapeli Akademickiej przy kościele św. Anny w Krakowie w latach 1748–1800
An outline history of the Academic Ensemble at the Church of St Anne in Kraków in 1748–1800
Autorzy:
Godek, Andrzej Edward
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28014801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Sztuki PAN
Tematy:
Akademia Krakowska
kolegiata św. Anny
kolegiata św. Floriana
Kazimierz Sojecki
Woyciech Jozefski
Kapela Akademicka
Academic ensemble
Kraków Academy
St Anne collegiate church
St Florian collegiate church
Opis:
W latach 1689–1703 wzniesiony został obecnie istniejący kościół pw. św. Anny w Krakowie. W tym samym okresie ks. Grzegorz Ochabowicz przeznaczył szereg hojnych fundacji na rzecz świątyni: ufundował m.in. kapelę, organy oraz czterech księży penitencjarzy, którzy sprawować mieli pieczę nad muzyką wykonywaną w kościele. W 1748 r. za sprawą ks. Stanisława Filipowicza, rektora Akademii Krakowskiej, przy kolegiacie pw. św. Anny w Krakowie powołana została nowa kapela, zwana Akademicką. Utworzenie własnego zespołu miało przyczynić się do rezygnacji z usług kapeli jezuickiej, najbardziej aktywnej wówczas krakowskiej kapeli. Kapelmistrzem nowo utworzonego zespołu został Kazimierz Sojecki. Dzięki przeprowadzonej kwerendzie udało się ustalić personalia szeregu innych muzyków działających w II poł. XVIII w. przy kolegiacie pw. św. Anny. Ich działalność obejmowała również inne kościoły pozostające wówczas pod patronatem Akademii Krakowskiej, tj. kolegiatę pw. św. Floriana, Wszystkich Świętych, św. Mikołaja w Krakowie oraz NMP w Zielonkach. W oparciu o księgi finansowe innych kościołów oraz działających przy nich konfraterniach omówiono ponadto aktywność Kapeli Akademickiej w obrębie Krakowa. Od początku XIX w. wskutek problemów finansowych zespół zaczął podupadać, aż wreszcie przestał dysponować stałym składem osobowym, ograniczając się wyłącznie do najmowania muzyków na niektóre uroczystości. Podjęte reformy ograniczyły zespół do samej bursy muzycznej, która przetrwała do 1873 roku.
The Church of St Anne was erected in its still existing form in 1689–1703. In the same period, Father Grzegorz Ochabowicz made a number of generous donations to this church, funding, among other things, the ensemble, the organ and the posts of four priests penitentiaries who were to supervise the music performed there. A new ensemble, known as the Academic Ensemble, was established at the same Collegiate Church of St Anne in Kraków by Father Stanisław Filipowicz in 1748. The idea was to enable the church to dispense with the services of the Jesuit ensemble, the most active ensemble in Kraków at that time. Kazimierz Sojecki was appointed Kapellmeister of the new ensemble. Preliminary research has made it possible to establish the names of many other musicians who performed at St Anne’s in the second half of the eighteenth century. They also played at other churches then benefitting from the Academy’s patronage: the Collegiate Church of St Florian, Church of All Saints and St Nicholas’s Church in Kraków, as well as the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Zielonki. Based on the account books of other churches and of the confraternities attached to them, I also discuss the activity of the Academic Ensemble within the city of Kraków. The ensemble began to decline from the early nineteenth century onward, due to financial problems. Eventually it no longer had its own permanent line-up of musicians, but only hired them for selected feasts. Reforms reduced the ensemble to the music boarding school alone, which existed until 1873.
Źródło:
Muzyka; 2020, 65, 1; 38-56
0027-5344
2720-7021
Pojawia się w:
Muzyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plus ratio quam vis. Od mimochodem rzuconej sentencji do dewizy uniwersyteckiej
Autorzy:
Wasyl, Anna Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/636311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Maximianus, plus ratio quam vis, university mottos, sententiae, Jagiellonian University, Kraków Academy, Karol Estreicher Jr., Roman love elegy, Cornelius Gallus, literary culture in the age of Th eoderic the Great
Opis:
Plus ratio quam vis, or, the career of a sentence Although the Jagiellonian University was established as early as in 1364, its widelyrecognized motto was chosen and inscribed on the portico leading from the Assembly Hall to Copernicus Hall much later, only in the mid-twentieth century. In 1952, Professor Karol Estreicher Jr., the head of the University Museum, came across a sentence which he considered “worth being the Jagiellonian University’s motto” (the inscription was eventually carved on the portico in 1964). Apparently, all that Estreicher knew was that the phrase plus ratio quam vis was “a part of a Latin proverb.” He had no idea whatsoever of its author or the original context in which it had been used. Frequently (still too frequently, in truth) the phrase is quoted as coined by Cornelius Gallus, usually labeled, after Ovid, the first of the elegiac poets of Rome. The mistake is justifiable, at least to some extent, as the actual author of the poetic work in which the hemistich appears was for quite a long time mistaken for Cornelius Gallus. After Pomponius Gauricus’s edition of Cornelii Galli Fragmenta (Venice, 1501 die. XII. Ianuarii, which actually means 1502, as the date is indicated more veneto), the elegiac oeuvre by Maximianus, an author active in sixth-century Italy, was, so to speak, redefined as Gallus’s. Until the late eighteenth century the false attribution continued to be repeated by many other editors, who in fact very willingly published collections of the Roman love poets, Catullus, Tibullus, Propertius, and ‘Gallus’ (= Maximianus). It is to some point ironic that in the modern era Maximianus was so easily deprived of the ‘copyright’ to his own poetry, considering that earlier, in the Middle Ages, he was an author (relatively) well-known (under his real name) and even read in and recommended for schools. This aspect brings us back to our main topic here, i.e. the choice of Maximianus’s phrase as the motto of the Jagiellonian University, one of the oldest universities in the world. Karol Estreicher himself was presumably not aware of this but Maximianus was indeed studied in the Kraków Academy in mid-fifteenth century (as two manuscripts, BJ 1954 and 2141, preserved in the Jagiellonian Library, clearly indicate). He was studied for his vivid descriptions of old age (for which he was  celebrated among many medieval commentators and theorists of teaching, who apparently were not at all embarrassed by the fact that their students, when reading Maximianus, might have also read a laus Mentulae) and for his sententiositas. What is more, the Jagiellonian Library possesses a considerable collection of incunabula and old prints containing Maximianus’s (or ‘Gallus’s’) work. So paradoxically, Karol Estreicher could not have chosen better. The motto of UJ is related to its history, in the sense that it is taken from an author whose work was on the reading list in the Academy in the later Middle Ages, it is concise, intelligent, significant, and ‘decent,’ even though it was originally expressed by a poet who was not less efficient when coining memorable sententiae than when singing the praises of Mentula, the embodiment of human corporeality.
Źródło:
Terminus; 2013, 15, 1(26)
2084-3844
Pojawia się w:
Terminus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
‘The Sarmatian In Languages Trained’. Staniskaw Grzepski (1524-1570) As A Researcher Of The Hebrew Bible And The Septuagint
Autorzy:
Linke, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Stanisław Grzepski
Guillaume Budé
Academy of Kraków
biblical
metrology
numismatic
biblical archeology
Septuagint
Hebrew Bible
humanism
Opis:
Stanisław Grzepski (1524-1570) an outstanding classic and biblical philologist, the first Greek permanent lecturer of this language at the Krakow Academy. He combined philological interests with the passion of numismatist-collector and researcher of biblical antiquities. The fruit of his erudite knowledge in this area was published in the printing house of Krzysztof Plantin in Antwerp in 1568, the work of De multiplici siclo et talento hebraico. The Cracow scholar in the subtitle referred to Guillaume’s Budé earlier work De asse et partibus eius. Despite the fact that Grzepski presents himself to the reader as the author of a summary of the extensive work of a French scholar and diplomat, he created a work independent and in many places polemic with the findings of the famous predecessor. The article shows the character and significance of the work of Stanisław Grzepski, which has become a part of European science for over 200 years as a textbook of numismatics and biblical archeology.
Źródło:
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia; 2019, 57, 1; 53-71
0585-5594
Pojawia się w:
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Akta wizytacji podkrakowskiej parafii Zielonki z XVIII wieku w zasobie w Archiwum Kurii Metropolitalnej w Krakowie
The visitation records of the Zielonki parish (near Krakow) of the 18th century in the Archive of the Metropolitan Curia in Krakow
Autorzy:
Bulak, Jan
Makarczyk, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
wizytacja
Akademia Krakowska
parafia Zielonki
kapituła św. Anny
krakowska kapituła katedralna
canonical visitation
the Academy of Krakow
Zielonki
St Ann Chapter
Krakow Cathedral Chapter
Opis:
The following publication presents the 18th-century visitation records of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary Parish in Zielonki near Krakow. The historic church of the 14th century was dependent for years on the Krakow Cathedral Chapter, then the Academy of  Krakow (now The Jagiellonian University) and St Ann Collegiate Church. The article presents, as source editions, the three last visitation records of Zielonki before the fall of the Republic of Poland: of 1727 (AVCap 61 and AV 23), of 1748 (AV 29 and Załuski’s Tables 7) and of 1783  (AV 55). These visitation books are held in the Archive of the Metropolitan Curia in Krakow (3 Franciszkańska Street). These visitations are manuscripts written in Latin and Polish with numerous Latin phrases. Only Bishop Załuski’s Tables are a printed form completed with hand written information. The authors aimed to edit sources and to make them available to a wider audience. The methodology of the work focused on full forms of the abbreviated words used by the writers, spelling modernization with a view to making the text more legible, and the adding of the diacritic marks and punctuation where necessary. The authors provided the text with footnotes (source and explanatory notes) and endnotes (terminology).  These editing activities comply with the rules of the historical source edition for modern texts. As a result, the authors present three full texts of the visitations along with inventories, introduction footnotes, endnotes and bibliography.
W niniejszej publikacji autorzy prezentują osiemnastowieczne akta wizytacji podkrakowskiej parafii pw. Narodzenia Najświętszej Marii Panny w Zielonkach. Zabytkowy kościół z XIV wieku (większa część obecnego kościoła pochodzi z XVI wieku) przez lata był zależny od krakowskiej kapituły katedralnej, potem Akademii Krakowskiej (obecnie Uniwersytet Jagielloński) oraz kolegiaty św. Anny. Przybliżone zostały tutaj w formie edycji tekstu źródłowego trzy ostatnie wizytacje parafii Zielonki sprzed upadku Rzeczypospolitej: z 1727 roku (AVCap 61 oraz AV 23), z 1748 roku (AV 29 oraz Tabele Załuskiego 7) i z 1783 roku (AV 55). Księgi tych wizytacji są przechowywane w Archiwum Kurii Metropolitalnej w Krakowie (AKMKr), mieszczącym się przy ul. Franciszkańskiej 3. Wizytacje te to rękopisy w języku łacińskim oraz polskim z dużą liczbą zwrotów pochodzących z łaciny. Wyłącznie Tabele biskupa Załuskiego mają format drukowanego formularza, w którego rubryki odręcznie zostały naniesione stosowne informacje. Celem autorów było dokonanie możliwie wiernej edycji tych źródeł, aby udostępnić je szerszemu gronu odbiorców. Metodologia pracy skupiła się na rozwinięciu skrótów zastosowanych przez pisarzy, uwspółcześnieniu pisowni dla większej czytelności tekstu, a także dodaniu znaków diakrytycznych i znaków interpunkcyjnych w wymagających tego miejscach. Autorzy wzbogacili tekst przypisami tekstowymi, bibliograficznymi i terminologicznymi. Podjęte czynności edytorskie są zgodne z zasadami naukowej edycji źródeł historycznych dla tekstów nowożytnych. W rezultacie autorzy prezentują trzy pełne teksty wizytacji, wraz z inwentarzami, opatrzone wstępem, przypisami oraz bibliografią.
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2019, 111; 15-55
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Profesor Adam Stalony Dobrzański– mistrz i nauczyciel Jerzego Nowosielskiego
Professor Adam Stalony-Dobrzański - the Master and the Teacher of Jerzy Nowosielski
Autorzy:
Szmajda, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Adam Stalony-Dobrzański
Jerzy Nowosielski
Jan Pawlicki
ikonografia polska
teologia ikony
polichromia
witraż
mozaika
Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie
Przemków
Grabarka
Jelenia Góra
Wrocław
Warszawa
Dojlidy
Polish iconography
theology of the icon
polychrome
stained glass
mosaic
Kraków Academy of Fine Arts
Warsaw
Opis:
Dokonując analizy historii polskiej sztuki sakralnej XX w. można wysnuć stwierdzenie, iż całokształt twórczości prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego – wykładowcy Akademii Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie pozostaje w cieniu dorobku artystycznego jego studenta i późniejszego ucznia prof. Jerzego Nowosielskiego. Zauważalny jest wpływ prof. Jerzego Nowosielskiego na zainteresowanie problemami sacrum w malarstwie współczesnym. Uczeń prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego czerpał inspiracje z sztuki i duchowości chrześcijańskiego Wschodu. Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski swoją twórczością wypełnił pewnego rodzaju pustkę artystyczną w okresie wyraźnego kryzysu sztuki sakralnej w Polsce. Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski współpracował z prof. Adamem Stalony-Dobrzańskim przy wykonywaniu wielu polichromii obiektów sakralnych. Sylwetka i dokonania twórcze prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego, nie są znane szerszemu kręgu odbiorców co wyraźnie stanowi lukę w polskiej historii sztuki. Polichromie i witraże prof. Dobrzańskiego widoczne są we wnętrzach świątyń katolickich, prawosławnych i protestanckich. Twórczość krakowskiego artysty jest przykładem wielkiej i niezwykle autentycznej wizji sacrum, wizji silniejszej niż komunistyczna cenzura. Koncepcja sztuki Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego nie jest podparta jego teoretycznymi rozważaniami a jedynie analizą korespondencji jaką krakowski artysta prowadził z ówczesnym metropolitą krakowskim, arcybiskupem Karolem Wojtyłą – obecnie kanonizowanym Janem Pawłem II. Tematem ich rozmów były zagadnienia związane ze stanem współczesnej sztuki, w szczególności sakralnej oraz próba określenia kierunku, w którym powinien nastąpić rozwój sztuki, by spełniać rzeczywistą potrzebę Kościoła. W przeciwieństwie do mistrza prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego jego uczeń prof. Jerzy Nowosielski, pozostawił bogaty komentarz do swojej twórczości. Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański był bardziej praktykiem niż teoretykiem. Zastanawiającym jest więc, jak wielki miał wpływ na osobę i twórczość Jerzego Nowosielskiego. W pierwszej połowie lat 50. artyści współpracowali bowiem w relacji mistrz – uczeń, chociażby w Gródku, Jeleniej Górze, Dojlidach, Warszawie czy Grabarce. Ogniwem łączącym obydwu artystów jest Wschód, prawosławie i ikona oraz otwartość na współczesną formę i odważne połączenie jej z doświadczeniem sztuki cerkiewnej. Na gruncie polskim bez prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego i prof. Jerzego Nowosielskiego - mistrza i ucznia historia sztuki sakralnej XX wieku pozostaje uboższa o niezwykle ważny element, który leży u podstaw tak szerokiego zainteresowania ikoną w Polsce. Twórczość prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego, pozostawała dotychczas w cieniu dzieł prof. Jerzego Nowosielskiego. Biografia i dokonania twórcze prof. Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego zasługują na szczegółową analizę i poznanie, o czym traktuje artykuł.
When analyzing the history of Polish religious art of the XX century, we can affirm that the entire creative work of Adam Stalony-Dobrzański, professor at Kraków Academy of Fine Arts, remains in the shadow of the artistic output of Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski, his student and follower. Jerzy Nowosielski had a noticeable impact on the interest in the problems of the sacred in modern painting. The follower of Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański was inspired by the art and the spirituality of Eastern Christianity. Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski filled some kind of a void in Polish religious art in the period of its evident crisis. Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski together with Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański created polychrome frescoes of numerous religious buildings. The styling and the artistic accomplishments of Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański are unknown for the wide audience which makes an evident gap in the history of Polish art. Polychrome frescoes and stained glass windows can be seen in interiors of Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant temples. The creative work of the Kraków artist is an example of the great and highly authentic vision of the sacred, which was stronger than communist censorship. The concept of Adam Stalony-Dobrzański’s art is not based on his theoretical conclusions but only on the analysis of correspondence of the artist with the then Metropolitan Archbishop of Kraków Karol Wojtyła - now St. Pope JohnPaul II. The topic of their letters was the issues of modern art and religious art, in particular the attempt to define a way in which art should be developed to meet the current needs of the Church. In contrast to the master, Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański, his follower Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski has left ample commentary on his artwork. Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański was rather a practitioner than a theoretician. Thus the fact of how great an impact he had on the character and the artwork of Jerzy Nowosielski is puzzling. In the first half of the 1950s, the “master-student” relationship existed between artists, at least in Gródek, Jelenia Góra, Dojlidy, Warsaw and Grabarka. The link between the two artists were the East, Orthodox Christianity, the icon and openness to its modern forms and its bold combination with the experience of religious art. As for Poland, the artwork of Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański and Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski are an integral part of the history of religious art of the 20th century as well as the art of stained glass. Its impact lies in the core of such great interest in the icon in Poland. The creative work of Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański has so far remained in the shadow of the works of Prof. Jerzy Nowosielski. The biography and the creative achievements of Prof. Adam Stalony-Dobrzański merit detailed analysis and study. The question of its importance is raised in this article.
Źródło:
ELPIS; 2014, 16; 191-200
1508-7719
Pojawia się w:
ELPIS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Gorączka rzymska” – udział Wiktora Czermaka w kampaniach naukowych Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie
„Roman Fever” – Wiktor Czermak’s Participation in the Scientific Campaigns of the Academy of Learning in Krakow
Autorzy:
Hoszowska, Mariola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33904629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Wiktor Czermak
Academy of Learning in Krakow
Roman Expedition
Jagiellonian University
Akademia Umiejętności w Krakowie
Ekspedycja Rzymska
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Opis:
Artykuł jest przyczynkiem do dziejów jednej z ważniejszych inicjatyw Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, to znaczy Ekspedycji Rzymskiej. Pomysł organizowania naukowych wypraw do wiecznego miasta wiązał się z otwarciem przez papieża Leona XIII Archiwum Watykańskiego (1881). Pomysłodawcą i pierwszym kierownikiem Ekspedycji był wybitny mediewista Stanisław Smolka (1854–1924). Wśród jego podopiecznych znalazł się m.in. Wiktor Czermak (1863–1913), uczestnik kampanii ekspedycyjnych z lat 1887–1888 i 1890–1891. Temu zdolnemu uczniowi Ksawerego Liskego (1838–1891), który uzyskał doktorat na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim (1887), stworzono w podwawelskim grodzie korzystne warunki dla dalszego rozwoju naukowej kariery. Dzięki podejmowanym nad Tybrem pracom archiwalnym i bibliotecznym przysporzył polskiej nauce ważnych dokumentów do czasów panowania Władysława IV i Jana Kazimierza. Aktywność na rzecz Akademii łączył z gromadzeniem materiałów do własnych studiów naukowych. Zagraniczne dokumenty w sposób istotny wpływały na krytyczny obraz panowania ostatniego z Wazów. Pobyt w Rzymie i innych włoskich miastach przyczynił się do późniejszych sukcesów krakowskiego historyka.
This article is a contribution to the history of one of the most important initiatives of the Academy of Learning in Krakow, i.e. the Roman Expedition. The idea of organizing scientific trips to the eternal city was related to the opening of the Vatican Archive by Pope Leo XIII (1881). It was Stanisław Smolka (1854–1924), an outstanding medievalist, who was the originator and the first manager of the Expedition. Among his charges there was, Wiktor Czermak (1863–1913), a participant of the expeditionary campaigns of 1887–1888 and 1890–1891. This talented student of Ksawery Liske (1838–1891), who obtained his doctor’s degree at the Jagiellonian University (1887), had favorable conditions for further development of his scientific career in the town near Wawel. Thanks to the archival and library work undertaken on the River Tiber, he provided Polish science with important documents until the reign of Władysław IV and Jan Kazimierz. He combined his activity for the Academy with collecting materials for his own scientific studies. Foreign documents significantly influenced the critical image of the reign of the last Vasa. His stay in Rome and in other Italian cities contributed to the later successes of the Krakow historian.
Źródło:
Res Historica; 2022, 54; 275-306
2082-6060
Pojawia się w:
Res Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pomiędzy tradycją a współczesnością
Between tradition and modernity
Autorzy:
Cygan, Milena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943048.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-11-07
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy in science
philosophy of nature
interdisciplinarity
Faculty of Philosophy at the Pontifical Academy of Theology in Krakow
Michał Heller
Józef Życiński
Opis:
The article is a review of Kamil Trombik’s book, in which he presents particular concepts of the philosophy of nature at the Pontifical Academy of Theology in Kraków in the years 1978 to 1993. It was the first and decisive period in the formation of the Faculty of Philosophy at the Academy. The goal of the monograph was to demonstrate the factors that contributed to philosophy of nature becoming one of the most prominent and representative trends in this academic center, as well as to attempt to answer the question of why “philosophy in science,” developed initially by Michał Heller and Józef Życiski, became the main style of doing philosophy of nature there. In the reporting part of the review main problems that the author raises are presented. They are collected in three chapters of his work, which corresponds to three initial phases of the formation of the philosophical department at the Pontifical Academy of Theology. Then, in the critical part, some aspects of Trombik’s work are assessed. First of all, the attention is paid to the part concerning the determination of the sources of “philosophy in science” which—although it seems to be the most interesting—is also the least original part of the work. Next, the contribution of Karol Wojtyła and many other lesser-known scientists and philosophers to the formation of an interdisciplinary atmosphere and the promotion of “philosophy in science” in the structures of The Pontifical Academy of Theology and the Krakow intellectual milieu is also appreciated. Many hypotheses and research perspectives in Trombik’s book are highlighted in the review, demonstrating the importance of this Krakow research center (Philosophy Department at the Pontifical Academy of Theology) for the history of Polish science and philosophy.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 70; 213-226
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sposoby kształcenia w grafice książkowej w wyższym szkolnictwie artystycznym Krakowa i Warszawy w Polsce Ludowej (1945-1952)
Education in graphic arts in the tertiary artistic education system in Krakow and Warsaw in the Polish People’s Republic (1945–1952)
Autorzy:
Boguszewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956628.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Tertiary artistic education in the Polish People’s Republic graphic education
Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw
Opis:
The purpose of the study is to present the principles of education in the field of book art as part of applied graphics, provided at the Academies of Fine Arts in Krakow and Warsaw. These two academic environments stimulated revival of this type of education. The analysis pertains to 1945–1952 when Poland witnessed crucial political and ideological changes affecting a new character of education. In the study, the process of nationalisation of artistic education is presented. The author shares her assumptions of the new teaching curricula designed in accordance with the ideological needs of the communist authorities. Marxism-Leninism was taught as a foreground subject. Graphic departments were established to educate specialists to be employed by the state propaganda. An attempt has been made to reconstruct the personal composition of the graphic faculties lecturers in both academic centres.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2019, 41; 63-75
1233-2224
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Calibration of soil probe for in situ permeability measurement
Kalibracja sondy glebowej do pomiarów przepuszczalności gruntu in situ
Autorzy:
Janik, M.
Kozak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340200.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
skażenie radonem
sonda glebowa
Instytut Techniki Jądrowej PAN w Krakowie
radon contamination
soil probe
Institut of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2004, 1; 58-59
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jonasz Stern (1904-1988). Powrót do Lwowa. Krajobraz milczenia (Katalog wystawy). Państwowa Galeria Sztuki w Sopocie, Sopot 2008
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-31
Wydawca:
Akademia Zamojska
Tematy:
painting
Jonasz Stern
Awangarda Krakowska
Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
malarstwo
ASP w Krakowie
Opis:
Latem 2005 r. Państwowa Galeria Sztuki w Sopocie zorganizowała pierwszą od wielu lat indywidualną ekspozycję prac Jonasza Sterna, jednego z najlepszych polskich artystów żydowskiego pochodzenia, współtwórcę I Grupy Krakowskiej, wykładowcę i rektora ASP w Krakowie. Wystawie towarzyszył katalog pt. Stulecie Sterna. Prace Jonasza Sterna (1904-1988) z lat 30.-80., który został opatrzony wstępem autorstwa Włodzimierza Nowaczyka. Ze względu na duże zainteresowanie ekspozycją środowiska artystycznego w Polsce oraz na Ukrainie organizator wystawy postanowił kontynuować projekt, przenosząc wystawę do Muzeum Narodowego im. Andrzeja Szeptyckiego we Lwowie, którą można było tam oglądać na przełomie lipca i sierpnia 2008 r. Prezentacja prac stanowiła swego rodzaju „powrót do korzeni” artysty, bowiem właśnie w tym mieście Stern stawiał swe pierwsze kroki malarskie w pracowni u prof. Gajewskiego. Wystawie towarzyszył katalog pt. Jonasz Stern (1904-1988). Krajobraz milczenia. Powrót do Lwowa. W artykule omówiono wspomnianą publikację, przytaczając nieco faktów z życia i twórczości Sterna.
In the summer of 2005, the State Art Gallery in Sopot organized the first in many years an individual exhibition of works by Jonasz Stern, one of the best Polish artists of Jewish origin, co-founder of the Krakow Group I, lecturer and rector of the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow. The exhibition was accompanied by a catalog entitled Stern's centenary. Works by Jonasz Stern (1904-1988) from the 1930s and 1980s, with an introduction by Włodzimierz Nowaczyk. Due to the great interest in the exhibition of the artistic community in Poland and Ukraine, the organizer of the exhibition decided to continue the project by moving the exhibition to the National Museum. Andrzej Szeptycki in Lviv, which could be seen there at the turn of July and August 2008. The presentation of the works was a kind of "return to the roots" of the artist, because it was in this city that Stern took his first painting steps in the studio of prof. Gajewski. The exhibition was accompanied by a catalog entitled Jonasz Stern (1904-1988). A landscape of silence. Return to Lviv. The article discusses the aforementioned publication, citing some facts from the life and work of Stern.
Źródło:
Studia Żydowskie. Almanach; 2011, 1, 1; 197-199
2083-5574
Pojawia się w:
Studia Żydowskie. Almanach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jerzy Nowosielski – „Maestro od marzenia”
Jerzy Nowosielski: Maestro of Dreaming
Autorzy:
Stark, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1288784.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Jerzy Nowosielski
Maestro of dream
Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
artist
painter
theologican
teacher
Opis:
The paper presents Jerzy Nowosielski – the outstanding Polish painter and professor of the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków. It was the artist who called himself ”Maestro of dreams”. Nowosielski is still present in the memories of his disciples as a charismatic teacher. In his didactic work he was not only a master of painting but first of all the spiritual pattern impressing the students with his versatile interdisciplinary knowledge. This knowledge determined the unique character of his creative activity shared with the students.
Źródło:
Dydaktyka Polonistyczna; 2017, 3(12); 120-134
2451-0939
Pojawia się w:
Dydaktyka Polonistyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zofia Baltarowicz-Dzielińska - Pierwsza Studentka Na Krakowskiej Akademii Sztuk Pięknych
Zofia Baltarowicz-Dzielińska - the First Female Student at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
Autorzy:
Demko, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/424721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Gdańsku
Tematy:
Zofia Baltarowicz-Dzielińska,
pierwsza studentka,
ASP Kraków,
rzeźbiarka,
emancypacja
first female student,
The Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow,
female sculptor,
emancipation
Opis:
Zofia Baltarowicz-Dzielińska przyszła na Akademię Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie we wrześniu 1917 roku nie przejmując się tym, że wstęp na uczelnię dla kobiet był wtedy wzbroniony. Wierzyła, że swoim talentem zjedna sobie profesorów Akademii i będzie mogła studiować rzeźbę. Została przyjęta w charakterze hospitantki do pracowni rzeźby prof. Laszczki w październiku 1917 roku, przecierając tym samym szlak dla innych kobiet. Nie została zapisana w żadnych dokumentach, ponieważ oficjalne rozporządzenie o przyjęciu kobiet na ASP wydano dopiero 18 grudnia 1918 roku. Jej studia w latach 1917-1920 zostały potwierdzone Uchwałą Rady Profesorów dopiero w 1947 roku kiedy ponownie wróciła na studia w wieku 52 lat. Niestety pamięć o pierwszej kobiecie na ASP nie przetrwała próby czasu i dopiero teraz wraca na karty historii.
Źródło:
Sztuka i Dokumentacja; 2018, 19; 27-32
2080-413X
Pojawia się w:
Sztuka i Dokumentacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mowy uniwersyteckie Stanisława ze Skarbimierza źródłem wiedzy o uniwersytecie i wychowaniu młodzieży akademickiej na początku XV wieku w Krakowie
The university speeches of Stanisław of Skarbimierz as a source of knowledge about the university and educating academic youth at the beginning of the 15th century in Krakow
Autorzy:
Skrzyniarz, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Stanisław ze Skarbimierza
Akademia Krakowska w XV wieku
mowy/kazania do studentów, rektorów, profesorów
Stanisław of Skarbimierz
the Academy of Krakow in the 15th century
speeches/sermons addressed to students, rectors, professors
Opis:
Stanisław of Skarbimierz (1365-1431), the first rector of the Academy of Krakow used to give speeches/sermons and collationes during various celebrations and university events such as the election of a new rector, conferring degrees, professors’ funerals, the anniversary of sponsors’ death; he addressed newly appointed rectors, doctors, fellow professors as well as students. He was an excellent observer of the academic life in the medieval Krakow and had specific instructions for each of the mentioned group. He told rectors to care for the interests of the university. Those who received a new degree were recommended to support the development of research for the glory of God and for the good of people. Lecturers were warned against being excessively pride, big-headed and ruining other scientists. Students were given advice on what to do to gain wisdom and knowledge while studying. He denounced their vices and warned that any misconduct could result in their fall and failure to receive an academic title. All these warnings given over six hundred years ago are still apt; nowadays the academic community should also strive to make a university universal, to care for broadening knowledge and developing research as well as contribute to discovering the truth.
Stanisław ze Skarbimierza (1365-1431), pierwszy rektor Akademii Krakowskiej poprzez swoje mowy/kazania kierowane z okazji wewnętrznych uroczystości uczelni i wydarzeń związanych z jej życiem takich jak: wybór rektora, promocje, pogrzeb profesora, rocznica śmierci darczyńców uczelni, a także kazaniach-rozmyślaniach (collationes), zwracał się do nowo wybranych rektorów, promowanych doktorów, do swoich kolegów profesorów, a także do studentów. Był świetnym obserwatorem życia akademickiego średniowiecznego Krakowa. Dla każdej z tych grup miał konkretne pouczenia. Rektorów przestrzegał, aby dbali o dobro uczelni. Promowanym polecał, aby zabiegali o pożyteczny rozwój nauki na chwałę Boga i dla dobra ludzi. Wykładowców przestrzegał przed pychą, zarozumialstwem i niszczeniem innych uczonych. Natomiast dla studentów miał przestrogi, jak mają nie czynić, aby wzrastać w mądrości i wiedzy, którą winni zdobywać w czasie studiów. Piętnował ich wady i napominał, że one mogą doprowadzić ich do upadku, zguby i nieuzyskania tytułu akademickiego. Te wszystkie przestrogi sprzed ponad sześciuset lat są wciąż aktualne, społeczność akademicka i dzisiaj powinna zabiegać, aby uniwersytet miał charakter uniwersalny, a także troszczyć się o rozwój wiedzy i badań naukowych oraz przyczyniać do dochodzenia do prawdy.
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2018, 110; 327-338
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Radon chambers - technical design and some calibration problems
Kalibracyjne komory radonowe w instytucie Fizyki Jądrowej PAN w Krakowie
Autorzy:
Kozak, K.
Mazur, J.
Janik, M.
Zdziarski., T.
Haber, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
Instytut Techniki Jądrowej PAN w Krakowie
miernik AlphaGUARD PQ2000
kalibracyjna komora radonowa
Institut of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków
AlphaGUARD PQ2000 meter
radon chambers
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2004, 1; 57-58
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mistyka hiszpańska na gruncie malarstwa Akademii Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie przełomu XX i XXI wieku
The Spanish mysticism in paintings by artists from the Fine Arts Academy in Krakow at the turn of the 21st century
Autorzy:
Organisty, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/560293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
malarstwo współczesne
Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie mistyka karmelitańska
contemporary painting
Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
Carmelite mysticism
Opis:
W ciągu ostatnich dwóch dekad w twórczości pedagogów Wydziału Malarstwa Akademii Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie – Grzegorza Bednarskiego, Katarzyny Makieły-Organisty, Janusza Matuszewskiego, Mirosława Sikorskiego, Edyty Sobieraj, Zbigniewa Sprychy czy Wojciecha Szybista – widoczne są inspiracje hiszpańskim malarstwem Złotego Wieku. Obrazy krakowskich malarzy wyróżniają się na tle współczesnej sztuki zarówno na gruncie polskim, jak i światowym. Ich płótna omawiać należy w kontekście nowożytnego meditatio mortis oraz tenebrystycznego „barokizmu”, do czego chętnie przyznają się sami artyści. Punktem wyjścia są (niejednokrotnie tytułowane jako homagium) wizje mistyczne, konterfekty pędzla El Greca, bodegony Francisco de Zurbarána czy eschatologiczne „hieroglify śmierci” Juana de Valdés Léala. Odwołaniom do dzieł mistrzów Półwyspu Iberyjskiego towarzyszą odniesienia do pism karmelitańskich czy jezuickich mistyków. Analiza nie tylko od strony formalnej, ale także ideowej pozwala zadać pytanie o możliwość obrazowania we współczesnym malarstwie o charakterze religijnym „teologii mistycznej”, opisanej przez św. Teresę od Jezusa, św. Jana od Krzyża czy św. Ignacego Loyoli.
During the last two decades the works of teachers from the Painting Department of the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow: Grzegorz Bednarski, Katarzyna Makieła-Organisty, Janusz Matuszewski, Mirosław Sikorski, Edyta Sobieraj, Zbigniew Sprycha or Wojciech Szybist reveal traces of inspiration by the Spanish Golden Age. In this respect, paintings by Krakow artists stand out against other works of contemporary art both in Poland and globally. Their art should be discussed in the context of early modern meditatio mortis and tenebristic „baroqueism”, to which the artists themselves readily admit. The point of departure (frequently referred to as homage) are mystic visions, portraits by El Greco, Francisco de Zurbarán’s bodegóns or eschatological „death hieroglyphics” by Juan de Valdés Léal. References to works by the Iberian masters are accompanied by links to Carmelite writings or Jesuit mystics. Formal and ideological analysis also allows us to ask a question of the possibility of presenting the „mystic theology” described by St. Theresa of the Infant Jesus, St. John of the Cross or St. Ignatius of Loyola in contemporary religious paintings.
Źródło:
Folia Historica Cracoviensia; 2016, 22; 303-328
0867-8294
Pojawia się w:
Folia Historica Cracoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Akademia Umiejętności (1872–1918) i jej czescy członkowie
The Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow (1872–1918) and its Czech members
Autorzy:
LICHOCKA, Halina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/520436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Tematy:
Akademia Umiejętności
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
czescy uczeni
Towarzystwo Naukowe Krakowskie
Królewskie Czeskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Czeska Akademia Umiejętności
Academy of Arts and Sciences
Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
Czech humanists
Czech scientists
Krakow Learned Society
Royal Czech Society of Sciences
Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie wpływu, jaki słowianofilstwo czeskie wywierało na kształtowanie się składu osobowego Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie. Obejmuje on okres, kiedy odrodzony naród czeski poszukiwał wspólnoty z innymi narodami słowiańskimim i to przede wszystkim było czynnikiem sprawczym wzmożonego zainteresowania czeskich uczonych filologiami słowiańskimi, własną historią oraz historią Europy Środkowo- wschodniej, naukami społecznymi, prawnymi itd. Z analizy sprawozdań z działalności Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie od początku jej funkcjonowania (1872) aż do przekształcenia w Polską Akademię Umiejętności (1919) wynika, że ten rozkwit ukierunkowanej wspólnotowo czeskiej humanistyki spotkał się z pozytywnym oddźwiękiem ze strony krakowskiego środowiska naukowego. Jednym z dowodów na to jest fakt, iż czescy humaniści tworzyli najliczniejszą grupę wśrod wszystkich cudzoziemskich członków Akademii w Krakowie. Pismo cesarza Franciszka Jozefa I z dnia 2 maja 1871 roku, adresowane do ministra wyznań i oświaty Josefa Jirečka, było formalnym początkiem organizowania w Krakowie Akademii Umiejętności. Na jej protektora cesarz wyznaczył arcyksięcia Karola Ludwika. Członkami Akademii byli uczeni ze wszystkich ziem polskich i Polacy na emigracji. Fundusze pochodziły z dotacji państwowej oraz od prywatnych sponsorow. Akademia prowadziła dużą działalność wydawniczą. Akademia miała trzy wydziały: I. Filologiczny, II. Historyczno‑Filozoficzny, III. Matematyczno‑Przyrodniczy. W ich skład wchodzili członkowie krajowi i zagraniczni. Wśród tych drugich liczną grupę stanowili czescy uczeni. Członkami Wydziału I byli: Josef Jireček – filolog, etnograf, historyk; Vaclav Štulc – ksiądz katolicki, pisarz, poeta, tłumacz; Jan Gebauer – twórca nowej gramatyki czeskiej; Zikmund Winter – historyk; Jan Kvičala – filolog klasyczny, pedagog i polityk; Vaclav Vondrak – slawista. Do Wydziału II należeli: František Palacky – historyk, polityk; Antonin Randa – historyk; Vaclav Vladivoj Tomek – historyk, pedagog, polityk; Jaroslav Goll – historyk, poeta; Karel Kadlec – prawnik, historyk prawa, tłumacz; Emil Ott – prawnik; Jaromir Čelakovsky – prawnik, polityk. W skład Wydziału III wchodzili: Karl von Rokitansky – anatomopatolog; Bohuslav Brauner – chemik; František Vejdovsky – zoolog.
The article shows that the Czech humanists formed the largest group among the foreign members of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow. It is mainly based on the reports of the activities of the Academy. The Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow was established by transforming the Krakow Learned Society. The Statute of the newly founded Academy was approved by a decision of the Emperor Franz Joseph I on February 16, 1872. The Emperor nominated his brother Archduke Karl Ludwig as the Academy’s Protector. The Academy was assigned to take charge of research matters related to different fields of science: philology (mainly Polish and other Slavic languages); history of literature; history of art; philosophical; political and legal sciences; history and archaeology; mathematical sciences, life sciences, Earth sciences and medical sciences. In order to make it possible for the Academy to manage so many research topics, it was divided into three classes: a philological class, a historico‑philosophical class, and a class for mathematics and natural sciences. Each class was allowed to establish its own commissions dealing with different branches of science. The first members of the Academy were chosen from among the members of the Krakow Learned Society. It was a 12‑person group including only local members, approved by the Emperor. It was also them who elected the first President of the Academy, Jozef Majer, and the Secretary General, Jozef Szujski, from this group. By the end of 1872, the organization of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow was completed. It had its administration, management and three classes that were managed by the respective directors and secretaries. It also had three commissions, taken over from the Krakow Learned Society, namely: the Physiographic Commission, the Bibliographic Commission and the Linguistic Commission. At that time, the Academy had only a total of 24 active members who had the right to elect non‑ resident and foreign members. Each election had to be approved by the Emperor. The first public plenary session of the Academy was held in May 1873. After the speeches had been delivered, a list of candidates for new members of the Academy was read out. There were five people on the list, three of which were Czech: Josef Jireček, František Palacky and Karl Rokitansky. The second on the list was – since February 18, 1860 – a correspondent member of the Krakow Learned Society, already dissolved at the time. They were approved by the Emperor Franz Joseph in his rescript of July 7, 1873. Josef Jireček (1825–1888) became a member of the Philological Class. He was an expert on Czech literature, an ethnographer and a historian. František Palacky (1798–1876) became a member of the Historico‑Philosophical Class. The third person from this group, Karl Rokitansky (1804–1878), became a member of the Class for Mathematics and Natural Sciences. The mere fact that the first foreigners were elected as members of the Academy was a perfect example of the criteria according to which the Academy selected its active members. From among the humanists, it accepted those researchers whose research had been linked to Polish matters and issues. That is why until the end of World War I, the Czech representatives of social sciences were the biggest group among the foreign members of the Academy. As for the members of the Class for Mathematics and Natural Sciences, the Academy invited scientists enjoying exceptional recognition in the world. These criteria were binding throughout the following years. The Academy elected two other humanists as its members during the session held on October 31, 1877 and these were Vaclav Svatopluk Štulc (1814–1887) and Antonin Randa (1834–1914). Vaclav Svatopluk Štulc became a member of the Philological Class and Antonin Randa became a member of the Historico‑Philosophical Class. The next Czech scholar who became a member of the Academy of Arts and Scientists in Krakow was Vaclav Vladivoj Tomek (1818–1905). It was the Historico‑Philosophical Class that elected him, which happened on May 2, 1881. On May 14, 1888, the Krakow Academy again elected a Czech scholar as its active member. This time it was Jan Gebauer (1838–1907), who was to replace Vaclav Štulc, who had died a few months earlier. Further Czech members of the Krakow Academy were elected at the session on December 4, 1899. This time it was again humanists who became the new members: Zikmund Winter (1846–1912), Emil Ott (1845–1924) and Jaroslav Goll (1846–1929). Two years later, on November 29, 1901, Jan Kvičala (1834–1908) and Jaromir Čelakovsky (1846–1914) were elected as members of the Krakow Academy. Kvičala became a member of the Philological Class and Čelakovsky – a corresponding member of the Historical‑Philosophical Class. The next member of the Krakow Academy was František Vejdovsky (1849–1939) elected by the Class for Mathematics and Natural Sciences. Six years later, a chemist, Bohuslav Brauner (1855–1935), became a member of the same Class. The last Czech scientists who had been elected as members of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow before the end of the World War I were two humanists: Karel Kadlec (1865–1928) and Vaclav Vondrak (1859–1925). The founding of the Czech Royal Academy of Sciences in Prague in 1890 strengthened the cooperation between Czech and Polish scientists and humanists.
Źródło:
Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU; 2015, 14; 37-62
1731-6715
Pojawia się w:
Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konferencja naukowa z okazji 200. rocznicy powstania Towarzystwa Naukowego Krakowskiego
Scientific conference on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the foundation of the Kraków Learned Society
Autorzy:
Pudłocki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Tematy:
Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
Towarzystwo Naukowe Krakowskie
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
konferencja
historia nauki
Kraków Learned Society
conference
history of science
Opis:
Autor przedstawił sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej, która została zorganizowana z okazji 200. rocznicy powstania Towarzystwa Naukowego Krakowskiego. Sesja odbyła się w dniach 9–10 grudnia 2015 r. przy współpracy Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności, Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego oraz Archiwum Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauk i Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności. Zgromadziła międzynarodowe grono prelegentów, którzy w swoich wystąpieniach przedstawili różne aspekty działalności TNK. Pokłosiem obrad jest publikacja Towarzystwo Naukowe Krakowskie w 200-lecie założenia (1815–2015). Materiały konferencji naukowej 9–10 grudnia 2015, pod redakcją Wandy Lohman (Kraków 2016).
The author submittedto print the report of the scientific conference which had been organized on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the foundation of the Kraków Learned Society. The session was held in December 9–10, 2015 as a result of cooperation between the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Jagiellonian University as well as the Scientific Archives of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków. It brought an international group of speakers together to discuss in their deliberations the various aspects of the Cracow Learned Society. The outcome of the meeting is the publication Towarzystwo Naukowe Krakowskie w 200-lecie założenia (1815–2015). Materiały konferencji naukowej 9–10 grudnia 2015, edited by Wanda Lohman (Kraków, 2016).
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Scientiarum; 2016, 15; 387-392
2451-3202
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Scientiarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Taxonomical revision of the perisphinctid ammonites of the Upper Jurassic (Plicatilis to Planula zones) described by Józef Siemiradzki (1891) from the Kraków Upland
Autorzy:
Głowniak, E.
Wierzbowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061324.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
górna jura
Wyżyna Krakowska
Siemiradzki Józef
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Komisja Fizjograficzna
perisphinctid ammonites
Upper Jurassic
Kraków Upland
Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
Physiographic Commission
Opis:
This systematic account contains descriptions of ammonite species of the superfamily Perisphinctoidea from the collection of the Physiographic Commission of the 19th century Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków. The emphasis is on the description of 11 species introduced by Siemiradzki (1891), e.g. Subdiscosphinctes kreutzi, S. mindowe, S. jelskii, S. dunikowskii, S. ? cracoviensis, S. ? dybowskii, Perisphinctes (Perisphinctes) vajdelota, Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes) crotalinus, P. (Dichotomoceras) alpinus, and Perisphinctes damesi recognised to be nomen dubium, as well as a single species from the Bimammatum Zone – Ringsteadia teisseyrei. Most of the species mentioned are re-described and illustrated for the first time in this paper. In addition, the descriptions of 18 nominal species as well as another 32 species left in open nomenclature, are provided. The species are assigned to 8 genera (Subdiscosphinctes, Perisphinctes, Neumannia, Passendorferia, Idoceras, Orthosphinctes and Ringsteadia) in 3 families (Perisphinctidae, Ataxioceratidae and Aulacostephanidae). In the family Perisphinctidae two new informal species groups have been distinguished: Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes) elisabethae group and the Subdiscosphinctes ? dybowskii group. The Subdiscosphinctes ? cracoviensis group as distinguished by Brochwicz-Lewi�ski, has been re-described and some new forms included in it. The species indicate the Plicatilis and Transversarium zones of the Middle Oxfordian, and the Bifurcatus, Bimammatum and Planula zones hitherto as a whole assigned to the Submediterranean Upper Oxfordian, but in fact correlating with the Upper Oxfordian (Bifurcatus Zone and the lower part of the Bimammatum Zone) and the lowermost Kimmeridgian (upper part of the Bimammatum Zone and Planula Zone) of the Subboreal primary standard for the Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian boundary. The erroneous opinion presented by Siemiradzki (1891) concerning the alleged discordant occurrence of Kimmeridgian deposits of the so called Oppelia tenuilobata Zone in the area studied has been corrected and explained. The paper is provided with some useful species inexes.
Źródło:
Volumina Jurassica; 2007, 5, 1; 27-147
1896-7876
1731-3708
Pojawia się w:
Volumina Jurassica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odzyskanie statusu uczelni wyższej przez Akademię Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie w epoce „dekady architektów”
Autorzy:
Pilikowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/560636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne i Drukarnia w Sandomierzu
Tematy:
Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz
Józef Gałęzowski
Ministry of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment
Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie
Ministerstwo Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego
Opis:
In the first years after Poland regained independence in 1918, a special place in the history of the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow was taken as a result of the efforts to maintain the status of a university by the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow. These efforts were led by rectors-architects, Józef Gałęzowski and Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz, who headed the Academy of Fine Arts from 1919-1929. The Academy’s aspirations encountered obstacles raised by the Ministry of Religious Denominations and Public Enlightenment. Subsequent drafts of the statute were ignored, and the amendments to the relevant laws favorable for the Academy of Fine Arts were postponed. The battle for the award of the academic status to the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow became a nation-wide legal dispute concerning the competences of the parliament and the interpretation of the constitution. The whole affair was completed on 16 July 1924 when the educational act concerning tertiary education was properly amended (the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow was attached to the list of schools with full academic status).The problem considered in this article was based on source materials obtained from various polish archives and press reports from discussed period.The article, which presents a fragment of the history of the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow during one of the most turbulent periods in Poland, may be treated as a contribution to the biographies of the outstanding architects Józef Gałęzowski and Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz.
W pierwszych latach po odzyskaniu niepodległości przez Polskę w 1918 roku w dziejach Akademii Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie szczególne miejsce zajęły starania o utrzymanie przez krakowską uczelnię artystyczną statusu szkoły wyższej. Staraniom tym przewodzili rektorzy-architekci, Józef Gałęzowski i Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz, którzy stali na czele ASP w latach 1919-1929. Aspiracje uczelni spotkały się z  niezrozumieniem ze strony Ministerstwa Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego. Kolejne projekty statutu były ignorowane, a korzystna dla ASP nowelizacja odpowiednich ustaw odkładana w czasie. Walka o status akademicki krakowskiej ASP nabrała wymiaru ogólnopolskiego sporu prawników o kompetencje izb parlamentarnych i o interpretację konstytucji. Zakończyła się 16 lipca 1924 roku przyjęciem nowelizacji do ustawy o szkołach wyższych polegającej na dopisaniu krakowskiej ASP do grona uczelni o pełnym statusie akademickim.Prezentowane zagadnienie zostało opracowane na podstawie dokumentów znajdujących się w wielu archiwach polskich oraz artykułów prasowych z epoki.Artykuł, przedstawiający odcinek dziejów Akademii Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie w jednym z jej najbardziej burzliwych okresów, stanowi przyczynek do biografii dwóch wybitnych architektów, Józefa Gałęzowskiego i Adolfa Szyszko-Bohusza.
Źródło:
Studia Sandomierskie. Teologia-Filozofia-Historia; 2019, 26
0208-7626
Pojawia się w:
Studia Sandomierskie. Teologia-Filozofia-Historia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biography of Józef Siemiradzki
Autorzy:
Głowniak, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061326.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
paleontologia
Siemiradzki Józef
Komisja Fizjograficzna
Kraków
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Uniwersytet Jana Kazimierza we Lwowie
history of natural sciences
palaeontology
Physiographic Commission
Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
Jan Kazimierz University in Lvov
Opis:
In this work, the biography of Józef Siemiradzki (1858-1933) has been documented by various archival materials, and accompanied by the list of his most important publications. Józef Siemiradzki was a Professor of Palaeontology at Jan Kazimierz University in Lvov, Member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, Honorary Member of the Polish Geological Institute, Commander of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Defender of Lvov, awarded the Cross of Valour. He co-operated with the Museum of the Physiographic Commission in Kraków and the Dzieduszycki Museum in Lvov. He was a representative of the National Department of the Galician Sejm in the expedition to Brazil in aim to support Polish emigrants. He wrote over 60 treatises, e.g. "Explanations to the Geological Map" - the first synthetic presentation of the geological structure of Polish lands, "Geology of Polish Lands" - the first monograph on the geological structure of Poland written in 20th century, and "Palaeozoology" - the first Polish textbook on palaeontology for academic use. In the field of palaeontology and stratigraphy he has been known as an author of the monograph on the Upper Jurassic ammonites from the Kraków Upland and the monograph on the genus Perisphinctes of Western Europe.
Źródło:
Volumina Jurassica; 2007, 5, 1; 3-26
1896-7876
1731-3708
Pojawia się w:
Volumina Jurassica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nieletni recydywiści
500 juvenile recidivists
Autorzy:
Kołakowska, Helena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699132.pdf
Data publikacji:
1960
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
nieletni recydywiści
badania
Zakład Kryminologii Państwowej Akademii Nauk
Warszawa
Łódź
Katowice
Kraków
przestępczość nieletnich
juvenile recidivists
research
Department of Criminology at the Institute of Legal Sciences of the Polish Academy of Science
Warsaw
Cracow
juvenile delinquency
Opis:
The research conducted by the Department of criminology of the Institute of Legal sciences has covered 240 juvenile recidivists in Warsaw, and 260 juvenile recidivists in Łodź, Katowice, Cracow and Białystok. In a total of 500 juvenile recidivists there were 463 boys and 37 girls. The age of the juveniles covered by the investigation was as follows: 116 recidivists were between 7 and 12 years of age, while 384 were between 13 and 16. The research carried out in Warsaw in the years 1954 to 1955 consisted in examining judicial records, in environment interviews, interviews at school, at the place of work, as well as in psychological and medical examinations. All the cases of recidivism, whether formal or actual, which came before the juvenile court, were included in the research. Follow-up studies, carried out several times, have made it possible to establish what were the further destinies of the juvenile recidivists after the lapse of some three years from the termination of the research. The research carried out in the four provincial juvenile courts was less detailed and did not comprise psychological or medical examination. Moreover, they could not be supplemented with follow-up studies. All the cases of juvenile recidivists which came before the juvenile courts in six months of the year 1954 were included in the research. The results of the follow-up studies in Warsaw are the following: It appeared that out of the 240 juvenile recidivists examined 116 continued to commit criminal offences within the following three years, 32 of them did not, to be sure, commit offences, but they could be considered as but partly reformed considering their unsettled way of life, their unsystematic work and the whole of their social attitude, while 54 had completely mended their ways. The remaining 38 examined persons could not be included into any of the preceding groups, since part of them still remained in correctional institutions and concerning the rest of them reliable data were lacking. Thus out of 202 juvenile recidivists in Warsaw the percentage of those who continued to commit offences within a three-year period after the termination of our research amounted to 57 per cent, and, over and above that, a further 16 per cent could not be considered as truly reformed. 1. Out of the 500 juveniles recidivists examined only 49 per cent have both parents living, 30 per cent are being brought up only under the care of solitary mothers, 16 per cent have a stepfather and mother, or else a stepmother and father, 3 per cent are brought up by a solitary father, and 2 per cent are orphans who remain under the care of relations. The percentage of factory workers among the fathers amounted to 65 per cent, 13 per cent of the fathers were unskilled manual workers, 10 per cent were clerical workers, 4 per cent were handicraftsmen, and 2 per cent farmers. 32.3 per cent of the mothers did not have any trade and had never worked, 30 per cent were employed as workers, 2s per cent worked manually as cleaners, laundresses, while 9 per cent were clerical workers. In the families where both parents are alive both father and mother worked in 52 per cent of the cases, and the father only - in 48 per cent. In the families where the mother is solitary, as many as 90 per cent of the mothers work. The material situation in the families investigated was described as bad in 47 per cent of the families, middling in 36 per cent and good - in 17 per cent. Taking into consideration both the social outlook of the families and an evaluation of the total of educational factors at work in the family home, four categories of families have been singled out: Family Group A, the most negative, where we have to do, first and foremost, with a particularly intense alcoholism of the fathers, a complete neglect of the home by the parents, bad relations between the parents, a delinquency of the father, a bad attitude towards the child, a lack of care for the child and control over it, and similar factors. These are family environments of the lowest moral level, in which the habitual drunkenness of the fathers has led to a decay of family life. Of such families there were 101, i.e. 20.2 per cent. Family Group B includes the families which also deserve a negative evaluation, but the intensity of negative factors in them is less than in the Group A families. The alcoholism of the fathers is also a typical factor here, only it assumes slightly lesser proportions, while the mothers show more care for their home. A lack of protection of the child, bad educational methods, bad material conditions are present in these families too, just as they are in Group A. of such families there were 125, i.e. 25 per cent. Family Group C consists, first and foremost, of those families in which the children are usually brought up by a solitary mother (42.5 per cent of the cases), who cannot cope with all her duties, and in which the children are deprived of proper care and control. Moreover, in those families where there is a stepfather or stepmother, a very bad attitude to the child and very faulty educational methods have been found to exist. Of such families there were 162, i.e. 32.4 per cent. Family Group D is composed of the families described as ,,good home environment", in which investigators have failed to find any factors negative in the educational sense. Both the moral level of the parents, their mutual relations and the care of the child were beyond any obvious criticism. Of such families there were only 112, i.e. 22.4 per cent. It ought to be stressed, however, that on the basis of the investigation which has been carried out it was not possible to establish properly either the whole of the complicated factors which go to form the educational atmosphere of the home, or fully to elucidate the father's and mother's emotional attitude to their child. It is, therefore, probable, that a detailed analysis of such good family environments (Group D) could yet bring to light the sources of such psychical experiences and emotional conflicts with the children under investigation, as did influence them, causing character deviations. In analyzing how, apart from the delinquency factor, data concerning the degree of demoralization of the five hundred juvenile recidivists investigated looked in the several family groups, and making use of such factors only as the degree of neglecting school work, the amount of playing truant from school, the number of flights from home, strolling about the streets in the company of demoralized schoolmates, etc., on the basis of the Chi-square test a significant relationship has been stated to exist between the type of family environment and the intensity of the demoralization of the juveniles investigated. What is noteworthy, besides, is the fact that among the brothers and sisters of the investigated there were the following percentages of children above 10 years of age, showing symptoms of very serious demoralization: in Group A families - 90 per cent, in Group B families - 32 per cent, in Group C families - 30 per cent, and in Group D families - only 8 per cent. The data concerning the further destinies of 202 Warsaw juvenile recidivists after a lapse of three years also testify to the fact that there exists a significant relationship between the type of family environment and the recidivism or else improvement of the investigated in the future. Of the juveniles seriously demoralized and continuing to steal systematically only 15.2 per cent came from Group D homes, i.e. those with a good reputation, while among the juveniles who had completely mended their ways a mere 7.4 per cent came from the worst family environments (Group A). Among the investigated brought up in those worst family environments as many as 68.5 per cent continued to steal systematically after a lapse of three years, while among the investigated who belonged to Group D families only 26.6 per cent continued to show recidivism on a large scale. 2. On the basis of the results of psychological and psychiatric examination it can be stated that 42 per cent of the Warsaw juvenile recidivists exhibited various pathological traits, while among those of the investigated who later on proved unreformed the percentage of juveniles with pathological traits amounted to 53.4 per cent, among the partly reformed - to 40.6 per cent, and among the entirely reformed - to 18.5 per cent. The percentage of children with psychopahatic traits and of children with symptoms of neurosis together constituted 22 per cent of the total of those examined in Warsaw (42 cases). Of children with symptoms of a post-traumatic state there were 16, of sufferers from epilepsia - 7, with post-encephalitic disorders - 3. Mental deficiency (feeblemindedness) has been stated in g per cent of the cases. Even though the majority of the recidivists who continued to commit criminal offences in the period of the next three years exhibited pathological traits, yet 47 per cent of the recidivists, with whom no such traits were found, also committed offences. On the other hand, among the entirely reformed there were 18.5 per cent of such recidivists who also exhibited pathological traits. Although on the basis of the Chi-square test we find a significant relationship to exist between pathological traits and the lack or the presence of moral improvement, yet we ought not to forget the dependence between other factors and the lack of improvement, which has been established in the course of tests. 3. All the 500 juvenile recidivists examined committed thefts, even those few (16 per cent) who were tried for various other offences, also committed thefts. Barely 8 per cent of the boys examined committed thefts individually, while a typical phenomenon are thefts committed by them in a group of juvenile accomplices. 68 per cent of the investigated acted in gangs of three or more. 43 per cent of the juvenile recidivists (boys) began to steal between the 7th and the 10th  year of their lives, and 28 per cent between the 11th and 12th. There exists a significant relationship between the early starting of delinquent activities and recidivism later on. Out of the investigated with whom the first thefts took place between the 7th and the 10th year of their lives as many as 72.5 per cent continued to steal during the period of follow-up studies, while only 11.4 per cent reformed. Similarly, those recidivists who had begun stealing at the age of from 11 to 12 continued to steal systematically in 68.4 per cent of the cases. On the other hand, such recidivists with whom the first thefts took place only at the. age of 13 or 14, or even of 15or 16, later on figured in the entirely reformed groups in 44 per cent and 52 per cent respectively. There also exists a significant association between the length of the period of committing thefts and the further destinies of the investigated. Those juvenile recidivists who had previously been stealing for from 3 to 4 years and from 5 to 9 years, later on figured in the ,,unreformed" group to the amount of 69 per cent and 63.5 per cent respectively. On the other hand, those juveniles with whom the period of committing thefts did not exceed two years formed almost equal percentages in the unreformed groups (52 per cent and 48 per cent respectively). The results of the investigation seem to speak in favor of the view that the younger the age of the juvenile delinquent, and the longer the period of his criminal activities, the bigger the probability that he will continue to commit thefts for at least several years to come. Moreover, those juvenile offenders who had started stealing at the age of from 7 to 10 years continued to steal then systematically in 85 per cent of the cases, while those juveniles who had started stealing only after completing their 13th or 14th year of age, later on stole only sporadically, at least in an overwhelming majority of the cases. Moreover, there exists a significant relationship between the systematic character of committing thefts and the lack of improvement later on. Out of the juvenile recidivists who stole ,systematically only 14 per cent were found, after the lapse of three years, in the entirely reformed group, while among those who stole only sporadically the percentage amounted to as many as 47 per cent. 4. The majority of the juvenile recidivists stole, first and foremost, money, and, apart from money, food articles and single articles of clothing. OnIy 11 per cent of the investigated went in for stealing objects of greater value, such as watches, bicycles, etc. A typical theft concerned but a small number of objects and the damage thereby caused was, as a rule, negligible. The place where thefts are most frequently perpetrated are shops and kiosks, and only after them - the family home and the school. Depending on the age of the investigated and on various lengths of the periods during which they committed offences there are, of course, differences, both as to the objects of theft and as to the places where the latter were committed. The thefts committed by the 37 recidivist girls investigated differed from the thefts committed by the boys. The girls stole almost exclusively money and articles of clothing, and it was only in exceptional cases that they committed thefts in shops. Girls began stealing a great deal later in Iife than the boys, and, as a rule, stole alone, without partners. The last chapter of the contribution discusses critically the practice of juvenile courts 'concerning the fight against the recidivism of juvenile offenders and the activities of the probation officers and correctional institutions.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1960, I; 55-112
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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