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Wyszukujesz frazę "Justification" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
The economic and social justifications for public spending to agriculture: theoretical insights and empirical observations
Ekonomiczne i społeczne uzasadnienie wydatków publicznych na rolnictwo: spostrzeżenia teoretyczne i obserwacje empiryczne
Autorzy:
Zawojska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/37441.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
economic justification
social justification
public spending
agriculture
theory
empirical analysis
market
Opis:
This paper explores the theoretical justifications for public expenditures to support the agriculture sector and farming population. The market failure and welfare rationale for government intervention is contrasted with government failures. In addition to the normative analysis, the paper presents empirical evidence on the level of public agricultural expenditure based on cross-country data with main focus on the European Union countries. The results of own cross-country statistical analysis suggest that per capita costs of EU support to agriculture are only weakly related to the general economic development of the individual countries but this support is relatively more important for the economies of less developed EU members. A look at the fi ndings of the reviewed country studies exploring the link between public expenditure allocated to agriculture and the sector performance reveals that this way to support farming and rural economy may be effective, exerting a positive effect on growth in crop and livestock production, private-sector investments in agriculture and rural and general poverty reduction, but its impact depends on the type of expenditure.
W pracy zilustrowano teoretyczne uzasadnienie wydatków publicznych na wsparcie sektora rolnego i ludności rolniczej. Korygowanie nieprawidłowości w funkcjonowaniu rynku oraz konieczność sprawowania przez państwo funkcji opiekuńczych, przytaczane jako argumenty za jego interwencją, skontrastowano, przez analogię do zawodności rynku, z niesprawnością państwa. Oprócz analizy normatywnej przedstawiono fakty empiryczne dotyczące wydatków publicznych na rolnictwo w różnych krajach, ze szczególnym naciskiem na państwa UE. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy statystycznej sugerują, że koszty wspierania rolnictwa przez UE w przeliczeniu na mieszkańca są słabo powiązane z ogólnym rozwojem gospodarczym poszczególnych krajów, ale pomoc ta ma stosunkowo większe znaczenie dla mniej rozwiniętych gospodarek UE. Z przeglądu obcych badań empirycznych dotyczących związku wydatków publicznych na rolnictwo z sytuacją ekonomiczno-finansową gospodarstw rolnych oraz ogólnym rozwojem sektora i obszarów wiejskich wynika, że ten sposób interwencji może być skuteczny, wywierając pozytywny wpływ m.in. na wzrost produkcji roślinnej i zwierzęcej, prywatne inwestycje oraz łagodzenie ubóstwa na terenach wiejskich, ale jego efekty są uzależnione od rodzaju wydatków.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia; 2013, 12, 4
1644-0757
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kontrowersje związane z moralnym uzasadnieniem ochrony patentowej w biotechnologii
Controversies over the Moral Justification for Patent Protection in Biotechnology
Autorzy:
Karbowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
-
moral justification
patents
biotechnology
Opis:
The following paper presents and discusses controversies over the moral justification for patent protection in biotechnology. Special emphasis was put on the controversy over the moral justification for patent protection of stem cells. By referring to arguments of (i) human dignity and (ii) patentability criteria, the moral justifiability of patent protection of stem cells was put in serious doubt. In a further section of the paper, the moral problems linked to patent protection in biotechnology were shown in a broader political and economic view. In that section of the paper, the preliminary concept of solving some of the discussed problems was sketched out (i.e. the introduction of decision criteria based on the system of values shared by the members of a given society).
-
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 1
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Controversies over the moral justification for patent protection in biotechnology
Autorzy:
Karbowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
moral justification
patents
biotechnology
Opis:
This paper discusses the controversies over the moral justification for patent protection in biotechnology. Special emphasis has been put on the controversy over the moral justification for patent protection of stem cells. By referring to arguments for (1) human dignity and (2) patentability criteria, the moral justifiability of patent protection of stem cells is in serious doubt. A whole section of the paper is devoted to the moral issues linked to patent protection in biotechnology and their political and economic significance. An attempt is made to solve some of the discussed problems, i.e., the introduction of decision criteria based on the system of values shared by the members of a given society.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 5; 57-66
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
U podstaw myśli etycznej Leszka Kołakowskiego
The foundation of Leszek Kołakowski’s ethical thought
Autorzy:
Olczyk, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
ethics
natural law
justification
dignity
Opis:
The article discusses primary matters of Leszek Kołakowski’s ethical thought. For that purpose, the analysis focuses on the need to justify the content of natural law. Kołakowski maintains that the development of communication and growth of cities are foundations of the justification process. In line with this idea the intuition of evil (related with such terms like tabu, sacrum, profanum or sin) is the major determinant for the distinction between good and evil. Kołakowski’s theory also explores a connection between the experience of evil and human dignity.
Źródło:
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna; 2016, 5, 1; 219-242
2299-1875
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Some Instances of Violence or Killing and Their Justification in Christianity and Japanese Buddhism
Autorzy:
Ożóg, Tadeusz Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/423286.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
violence
justification
Christianity
Buddhism
Japan
Źródło:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych; 2013, 25; 255-273
0860-4487
Pojawia się w:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Statutory Justifications of Torts in the Public Finance Discipline Introduced by the Provisions of Anti-Criris Shield – Analysis and De Lega Ferenda Postulates
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Ewaryst
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159866.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
public finance discipline
justification
COVID-19
Opis:
The statutory concept of justification in public finance discipline comes down to clear exclusion of unlawfulness of discipline’s tort. It is assumed that the reason for the existence of justification of torts is a collision of interests and resulting from it, the necessity to indicate the interest excluding unlawfulness, and later waiving liability for breaching law. Justification behavior refers to actions which in typical situations are incorrect and unwanted, but because of special circumstances may constitute justification and hence need to be tolerated, accepted or even approved in the legal order. Regulations shaping the new premises excluding liability for breaching public finance discipline in connection with COVID-19 are included in legal regulations included in so called Anti-Crisis Shield. The aim of the study is to analyze the established legal solutions and to formulate de lege ferenda postulates.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2022, 25, 1; 126-145
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Criteriological Meaning of the Lutheran Doctrine of Justification and its Ontological Underpinnings
Autorzy:
O’Callaghan, Paul
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30148781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
justification
Catholic-Lutheran dialogue
criteriological function
Opis:
Lutheran authors throughout the XX century have attempted to apply the Pauline doctrine of “justification by faith alone” to the whole of Christian theology, life and spirituality, as a unique determinative, criteriological or hermeneutical principle. Justification would point to the action of God who in Christ saves sinful humans, thus going to the very core of Christian life and identity. However, the fundamental principle needs to go beyond a purely existential reading of the human situation which considers man primordially as a sinner, and God only as his Saviour. It needs to be ontologically founded, on the basis of God’s good creation. It needs to take into account the fact that man, alongside the experience of sinfulness and pardon, truly encounters the goodness of God both through the reality of creation and on account of personal filiation in Christ’s Spirit.
Źródło:
Theological Research. A Journal of Systematic Theology; 2020, 8; 131-150
2300-3588
Pojawia się w:
Theological Research. A Journal of Systematic Theology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Habermas and Rawls on an Epistemic Status of the Principles of Justice
Autorzy:
Kędziora, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033755.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Habermas
Rawls
principles of justice
justification
validity
Opis:
The so-called debate between Jürgen Habermas and John Rawls concentrated mainly on the latter’s political liberalism. It dealt with the many aspects of Rawls’s philosophical project. In this article, I focus only on one of them, namely the epistemic or cognitivistic nature of principles of justice. The first part provides an overview of the debate, while the second part aims to show that Habermas has not misinterpreted Rawls’s position. I argue that Habermas rightly considers Rawls’s conception of justice as a moral one. In the last part, I discuss two key questions raised by Habermas. The first concerns the relation between justification and acceptance of the principles of justice. The second concerns the relation between two validity terms: truth and reasonableness.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica; 2019, 34; 31-46
0208-6107
2353-9631
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podróże powtórzone (Dmitrij Bykow, „Uniewinnienie”, „Sygnały”)
Autorzy:
Zywert, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Dmitry Bykov
fantastic
alternative history
Justification
Signals.
Opis:
The present paper aims at analyzing two novels by Dmitry Bykov: Justification(1998) and Signals (2013). On the basis of both their subject and formal representation we may state that they may be considered a dilogy. In the former the author focused on a specific problem — an alternative version of the causes, course and consequences of Stalinist repressions. The latter touches upon the issue of the existing reality anddetermination to attain goals in the context of a contemporary Russian’s mentality,which is largely affected by Soviet thinking
Źródło:
Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie – Oblicza i Dialog; 2017, 7; 225-240
2391-470X
Pojawia się w:
Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie – Oblicza i Dialog
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Abraham – ojciec wiary w tradycji biblijnej
Abraham – the father of faith in biblical tradition
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12
Wydawca:
Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
Tematy:
Abraham
Mesopotamia
Canaan
blessing
justification by faith
Opis:
The history of Israel is connected with Abraham, who is depicted in the Bible not only in the genealogical sense – as the protoplast of the Israeli nation but also in the religious sense – as “the father of faith” for he is the pillar of both Jewish and Christian faith. Those who believe in one God, touch the person of Abraham, constantly refer to his experience of faith and reflect upon it themselves. The author of this paper focuses on the analysis of the problems contained in the following statement “Abraham – the father of faith in biblical tradition” The paper consists of three parts. In the first part, the author presents Abraham as a historic figure, based on biblical and extra-biblical sources. The second part is devoted to the analysis of biblical sources that present Abraham as the father of “believers”. In the third part of the paper, the author discusses New Testament sources relating to the kerygma of Abraham, based on the Letter to the Romans, Letter to the Galatians, and Letter to the Hebrews.
Źródło:
Studia Elbląskie; 2013, 14; 115-130
1507-9058
Pojawia się w:
Studia Elbląskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Filozoficzne, teologiczne i afektywne racje uzasadniające powołanie
Autorzy:
Sieńkowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-20
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
vocation
reason
justification
philosophy
theology
faith
affective cognition
Opis:
The article deals with the problem of justifying a vocation. The arguments used to jus-tify the existence of God were used for this. It has been shown that for the existence of a vocation one can present natural (philosophical), supernatural (theological) and affec-tive (experimental) reasons. The supernatural reasons are necessary and sufficient for understanding the vocation; natural and affective reasons are helpful, but they do not ul-timately determine the existence of a vocation.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2021, 10, 4; 893-913
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Students’ approaches while solving a non-typical geometrical problem
Autorzy:
Maj-Tatsis, Bożena
Pytlak, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
non-typical mathematical problems
problem solving
geometry
justification
Opis:
In the paper we present the results of two teaching episodes, which took place in two middle school classes with 13- and 14-year-old students. The students in both classes were asked to solve the same geometrical problem; then a discussion followed, in which they had to justify their solutions. In both cases the students had no prior experience in solving non-typical mathematical problems. Additionally, the students were asked to justify their answers, which is not a common characteristic of a ‘typical’ mathematics classroom at that level. The problem was chosen from a wider study, in which twenty classes from twenty different schools were analysed. One of the aims of the present study was to analyse the skills that require a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and properties. Particularly, we aimed to investigate students’ different solution methods and justifications during problem solving. The results show considerable differences among the two classes, not only concerning the depth of investigating (which was expected due to the different age groups), but also concerning the relationship between achievement (as assessed by the mathematics teacher) and success in solving the problem. These results demonstrate the need for re-directing mathematics education from a pure algorithmic to a deeper thinking approach.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia; 2020, 12; 197-210
2080-9751
2450-341X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
De quelques procédés d’adoucissement des injonctions en polonais et en français
Autorzy:
Krupa, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/638255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
injunction, mitigation, alleviation, imperative, phatic expressions, apologies, justification
Opis:
Chosen Language Means of Mitigation of Injunctions in Polish and in French An analysis was made for the words: może/peut-être (‘maybe, perhaps’) and trochę/un peu (‘a bit, a little’), as well as the phatic expressions, apologies and justifications as they belong to the strategy of mitigation. In both the languages, these means make up the cover of the injunctions. In French we can notice a smaller scope of the use of the imperative expressing an order in a direct way. It is usually replaced by indirect structures which are enhanced with the discussed means of mitigation.
Źródło:
Romanica Cracoviensia; 2012, 12, 1
2084-3917
Pojawia się w:
Romanica Cracoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Epistemo-Semantic Coherentism: An Attitudinal View of Meaning Based on Epistemic Pragmatism
Autorzy:
Taşdelen, İskender
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973306.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Semiotyczne
Tematy:
coherence
justification
meaning
belief
strategic and definitory rules
Opis:
This article develops a conception of linguistic meaning that treats it as an attitude on the part of language users towards pairs of expressions. As with propositional attitudes, these meaning attitudes are subject to being deliberately altered over time by language users, with the aim of maximizing the efficiency of their language use. Therefore, meaning attitudes can be justified or refuted in practical terms. Our instrumentalist-coherentist approach, which allows for meanings to be advocated for alongside beliefs, provides a viable theory of justification of that kind. This view fits better with the evolutionary nature of linguistic phenomena, and resolves the problem of substitutability in opaque contexts.
Źródło:
Studia Semiotyczne; 2019, 33, 1
0137-6608
Pojawia się w:
Studia Semiotyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Katolicko-luterański dialog na temat roli i miejsca Kościoła w zbawczym dziele Chrystusa od Soboru Watykańskiego II do Wspólnej deklaracji w sprawie nauki o usprawiedliwieniu
Catholic – Lutheran dialogue on the place and role of the Church in the redemptive work of Christ from II Vatican Council to Joint declaration on the doctrine of justification
Autorzy:
Lipniak, Jarosław M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/502989.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Łodzi
Tematy:
Kościół
usprawiedliwienie
ekumenizm
kapłaństwo
Church
justification
ecumenism
priesthood
Opis:
The role and place of the Church in the Christ’s redemptive work and ecclesial mediation on grace are an everlasting moot point for Lutherans and Catholics. Neither of the parties negates this reality of the Church, the difference, however, regards the meaning of those expressions. At the end of the second stage of the Catholic-Lutheran dialogue and during the third one a statement on the existence of fundamental discrepancy (Grunddifferenz, Fundamentaldissens) appeared, which is at the core of the division between both denominations. The existence of that discrepancy has been evident first of all in the issue of the role of the Church in the event of redemption, in the understanding of sacramentality and instrumental role of the Church and human co-operation in the redemption event. Signed ecumenical documents, in particular Joint declaration on the doctrine of justification, must involve dogmatic implications also in the area of ecclesiology, so as to avoid complaints that the dialogue between the Churches and signed document on the justification have actually changed nothing. Hence, drawing theological-dogmatic conclusions from the already signed documents, it is worth rethinking and expressing criticism of those proposal in order to fully replace a concept of “sacrament” regarding to redeemed instrumentalization of the Church and use the terms “sign” and “tool” instead or to develop a different theological language which will be devoid of ambiguity. Such an attitude to the above mentioned issue would allow us to emphasize the consent of both parties in such an important discipline as ecclesiology. Both parties of the dialogue agree that the relationship of Christ and the Church cannot be presented in the way which would cover inequality of this relationship. Both the Catholics and the Lutherans agree that in the New Testament the relationship between Christ and the Church is based at the same time on unity and distinctness, excluding, thus, any identity. The Church, in the light of the doctrine on justification, is first of all the redeemed and gifted Church, which exclusively due to Christ through the Word and Sacrament is the place of effective salvation. There is also a consent that neither people nor the Church can be perpetrators of salvation, nor can they administer it. The salvation is always a gift.
Źródło:
Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne; 2016, 25, 4; 43-60
1231-1634
Pojawia się w:
Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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