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Wyszukujesz frazę "Inequality measure" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
Tytuł:
Aristotle and Aquinas on the Virtue of Money as a Preservative of Justice in Business Affairs and States
Autorzy:
Redpath, Peter A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507444.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
money
communication
commutative
contribution
convention
currency
demand
equality
exchange
hierarchy
human
inequality
just
justice
law
life
measure
natural
nomos
numerical
preservation
proportionate
proportionality
use
value
virtue
Opis:
While Aristotle’s and St. Thomas’s teachings about economics are often ridiculed today, this article argues that actually what they had to say about this issue, especially about the nature of sound currency, backed up by force of law, is quite profound. According to both of them, sound money plays an essential role in the preserving commutative justice within States. By so doing, it preserves communication between talented people who make qualitatively unequal contributions to a State’s continued existence and welfare.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2019, 8, 4; 885-890
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Link Between Silber and Dagum Decompositions of The Gini Index
Autorzy:
Mussini, Mauro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465905.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
Inequality measure
Gini decomposition
overlapping
Opis:
In this paper, we combine two alternative procedures for decomposing the Gini index: the Silber matrix approach and the Dagum technique based on Gini mean difference. This combined decomposition can be used for overlapping as well as no overlapping population subgroups. The presented decomposition procedure derives the within-group, the between-group, and the overlapping inequalities by exploiting all of the information on income distribution contained in one matrix accounting for pair wise disparities between per capita income shares. Moreover, this matrix approach can serve the scope of counting the frequency of overlapping, providing new insights for a more complete analysis of overlapping. The suggested methodology is applied to survey data on Italian employee incomes in 2000 and 2008.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2010, 11, 3; 169-186
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Convex-like inequality, homogeneity, subadditivity, and a characterization of $L^p$-norm
Autorzy:
Matkowski, Janusz
Pycia, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311612.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
functional inequality
subadditive functions
homogeneous functions
Banach functionals
convex functions
linear space
cones
measure space
integrable step functions
$L^p$-norm
Minkowski's inequality
Opis:
Let a and b be fixed real numbers such that 0 < min{a,b} < 1 < a + b. We prove that every function f:(0,∞) → ℝ satisfying f(as + bt) ≤ af(s) + bf(t), s,t > 0, and such that $limsup_{t → 0+} f(t) ≤ 0$ must be of the form f(t) = f(1)t, t > 0. This improves an earlier result in [5] where, in particular, f is assumed to be nonnegative. Some generalizations for functions defined on cones in linear spaces are given. We apply these results to give a new characterization of the $L^p$-norm.
Źródło:
Annales Polonici Mathematici; 1994-1995, 60, 3; 221-230
0066-2216
Pojawia się w:
Annales Polonici Mathematici
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The converse of the Hölder inequality and its generalizations
Autorzy:
Matkowski, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1290537.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
measure space
integrable step functions
conjugate functions
a converse of Hölder inequality
subadditive function
convex function
generalized Hölder-Minkowski inequality
Opis:
Let (Ω,Σ,μ) be a measure space with two sets A,B ∈ Σ such that 0 < μ (A) < 1 < μ (B) < ∞ and suppose that ϕ and ψ are arbitrary bijections of [0,∞) such that ϕ(0) = ψ(0) = 0. The main result says that if $ʃ_Ω xydμ ≤ ϕ^{-1} (\int_{Ω} ϕ∘x dμ) ψ^{-1} (\int_{Ω} ψ∘x dμ)$ for all μ-integrable nonnegative step functions x,y then ϕ and ψ must be conjugate power functions. If the measure space (Ω,Σ,μ) has one of the following properties: (a) μ (A) ≤ 1 for every A ∈ Σ of finite measure; (b) μ (A) ≥ 1 for every A ∈ Σ of positive measure, then there exist some broad classes of nonpower bijections ϕ and ψ such that the above inequality holds true. A general inequality which contains integral Hölder and Minkowski inequalities as very special cases is also given.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1994, 109, 2; 171-182
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Subadditive functions and partial converses of Minkowski's and Mulholland's inequalities
Autorzy:
Matkowski, J.
Świątkowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1208624.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
subadditive function
homeomorphisms of $ℝ_+$
Mulholland's inequality
convex function
iteration
measure space
the converse of Minkowski's inequality
Opis:
Let ϕ be an arbitrary bijection of $ℝ_+$. We prove that if the two-place function $ϕ^{-1}[ϕ (s)+ϕ (t)]$ is subadditive in $ℝ^2_+$ then $ϕ $ must be a convex homeomorphism of $ℝ_+$. This is a partial converse of Mulholland's inequality. Some new properties of subadditive bijections of $ℝ_+$ are also given. We apply the above results to obtain several converses of Minkowski's inequality.
Źródło:
Fundamenta Mathematicae; 1993, 143, 1; 75-85
0016-2736
Pojawia się w:
Fundamenta Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konwergencja regionalna w Polsce w latach 1999 – 2007
Regional Convergence in Poland from 1999 to 2007
Autorzy:
Markowska-Przybyła, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575451.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-12-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
economic growth
development inequalities
regional convergence
Theil inequality measure
Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics (NUTS)
Opis:
The paper analyzes inter- and intraregional differences in Poland in 2007 and examines the changes that have taken place within individual regions and between them since Poland’s current administrative system was introduced in 1999. The author also analyzes real regional convergence in Poland in the studied period. The author used descriptive statistics and econometric methods, along with the GDP per capita indicator. She analyzed the differences between subregions to offer a more detailed picture of development inequalities in Poland. The analysis of intraregional differences was made with the use of the Theil inequality measure for the country as a whole and by analyzing changes in the center-region relationship in selected provinces. It would be especially interesting to analyze this relationship in the context of the theory of the regional diversification of development processes, Markowska-Przybyła says, but such an analysis could not be made due to the unavailability of statistical data for half of Poland’s regions. Overall, the research carried out by Markowska-Przybyła points to increased interregional differences in Poland in 1999-2007. A β-convergence test-an estimated regression function-confirmed the existence of a regional divergence in 1999-2007, even though its statistical properties left much to be desired. Two σ-convergence tests also showed the existence of this divergence. The author concludes that processes of real regional divergence in terms of GDP per capita occurred in Poland in 1999-2007. In the studied period, in addition to growing disparities between regions, a growing diversification between subregions-Level-3 units of the Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics (NUTS) routinely used by the European Union to reference the subdivisions of countries for statistical purposes-was also observed. The disparities between subregions proved to be greater than interregional differences. Intraregional inequalities revealed by the Theil inequality measure increased in 1999-2007. Development disproportions between the center and the rest of the region vary in the eight provinces analyzed. The greatest disproportions exist in Mazovia and Wielkopolska provinces, the author says, while the smallest ones are in Silesia and Łódź provinces. Lower Silesia, Łódź, Western Pomerania and Mazovia provinces showed decreased disproportions, while Silesia and Wielkopolska saw the reverse trend. In Pomerania province, center-region disproportions decreased, while disproportions between the center and the surrounding subregion increased slightly; in Małopolska province, the reverse trend was observed. The polarization of development was observed in only some provinces. No data is available on center-periphery relations in the remaining provinces, and the same goes for the position of the largest cities in these regions.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2010, 244, 11-12; 85-110
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ANALIZA KONWERGENCJI ROZWOJU REGIONALNEGO W POLSCE W LATACH 2001-2012
A CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND
Autorzy:
Kudrycka, Izabella
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/659993.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Rozwój regionalny
PKB i inne mierniki
analiza konwergencji
entropia. miara niedokładności miara podobieństwa
cechy rozwoju regionalnego Polski.
Regional development
GDP and other indicators
convergence analysis
entropy
inequality measure
similarity measure
features of regional development in Poland.
Opis:
A new method based on information theory is used in analysis of the characteristic features of the regional development in Poland during the period 2001–2013. The first part of this paper contains the presentation of the method and its advantages with comparison to other methods used in convergence analysis of regional development. Regional distributions of certain variables representing different socio-economic phenomena are compared with the distribution of basic variables treated as a pattern, and the proposed similarity measures are estimated.  An analysis of the changes in the similarity measures over time is the basis for concluding whether convergence of regional development has been observed. The second part is devoted to an empirical analysis of convergence versus divergence of regional development on the second level disaggregation (16 provinces) in Poland. The different aspects of regional development such as human capital, economy, households, infrastructure and environment are examined. The convergence or divergence processes are presented in the charts. Conclusions of the economical nature, as well as methodological, ended the paper.
Nowa metoda – oparta na teorii informacji – została wykorzystana w analizie charakterystycznych cech rozwoju regionalnego w Polsce, w latach 2001–2013. Pierwsza część referatu poświęcona jest prezentacji metody i jej zalet w porównaniu z innymi metodami stosowanymi w analizie konwergencji rozwoju regionalnego. Rozkłady wybranych zmiennych odzwierciedlających różne zjawiska społeczno-gospodarcze według regionów, porównywane są z rozkładami zmiennych bazowych traktowanych, jako wzorzec i stanowią podstawę oszacowania miar podobieństwa. Z kolei analiza zmian w czasie miar podobieństwa umożliwia określenie czy występuje konwergencja rozwoju regionalnego, czy też mamy do czynienia z procesem dywergencji. Druga część referatu zawiera wyniki badań empirycznych dla 16 województw Polski i określenie charakteru rozwoju regionalnego, a więc występowania konwergencji, lub też zjawiska przeciwnego. Analiza konwergencji dotyczy różnych aspektów rozwoju regionalnego takich, jak kapitał ludzki, gospodarka, gospodarstwa domowe, infrastruktura i środowisko. Procesy konwergencji, bądź też dywergencji prezentowane są na wykresach. Ostatnia część referatu zawiera wnioski zarówno natury ekonomicznej, jak i metodologicznej.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2014, 6, 308
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Gini coefficient as a measure of disproportionality
Autorzy:
Dniestrzański, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/421256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
inequality measure
the Gini coefficient
mathematics teaching
Opis:
Measures of inequality, properly adapted, often tend to be used as a tool to address the issue of disproportionality. The most popular of them, such as the Gini or Atkinson coefficient, or entropy coefficient can, under certain circumstances, act as measures of disproportionality. However, one must specify precisely what is to be measured and interpret the results consistently. In this paper we analyze what confusion or outright errors can be committed when using inequality coefficients. The presented analysis is aimed at the Gini coefficient, however, the problem also applies to the rest of the coefficients.
Źródło:
Didactics of Mathematics; 2015, 12(16); 25-34
1733-7941
Pojawia się w:
Didactics of Mathematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie miary entropii do badania zmian w zróżnicowaniu regionalnym Polski
Application of the entropy measure to the study of changes in Poland’s regional differences
Autorzy:
Czyż, Teresa
Hauke, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023314.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-11-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
entropy measure of inequality
regional inequalities decomposition algorithm
changes in regional inequalities
Polska
entropijna miara nierówności
algorytm dekompozycji nierówności regionalnych
zmiany w nierównościach
Polska
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie entropijnej statystyki Shannona i algorytmu opracowanego przez Semple’a i Gauthier w badaniu zmian w zróżnicowaniuregionalnym Polski. Dokonano oceny wartości poznawczej tej metody ze względu na możliwość analizy relacji między nierównościami między- i wewnątrzregionalnymi.
The article presents the use of Shannon entropy statistics and algorithm developed by Semple and Gauthier in the study of changes in the Polish regional differences. The assessment of the cognitive value of this method due to the possibility of analyzing the relationship between inter- and intraregional inequalities is shown.
Źródło:
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna; 2015, 32; 17-30
2353-1428
Pojawia się w:
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distortion inequality for the Frobenius-Perron operator and some of its consequences in ergodic theory of Markov maps in $ℝ^d$
Autorzy:
Bugiel, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294475.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
invariant measure
Frobenius-Perron operator
expanding map
distortion inequality
Opis:
Asymptotic properties of the sequences (a) ${P^j_φ g}_{j=1}^{∞}$ and (b) ${j^{-1} ∑_{i=0}^{j-1} Pⁱ_φ g}_{j=1}^{∞}$, where $P_φ:L¹ → L¹$ is the Frobenius-Perron operator associated with a nonsingular Markov map defined on a σ-finite measure space, are studied for g ∈ G = {f ∈ L¹: f ≥ 0 and ⃦f ⃦ = 1}. An operator-theoretic analogue of Rényi's Condition is introduced. It is proved that under some additional assumptions this condition implies the L¹-convergence of the sequences (a) and (b) to a unique g₀ ∈ G. The general result is applied to some smooth Markov maps in $ℝ^d$. Also the Bernoulli property is proved for a class of smooth Markov maps in $ℝ^d$.
Źródło:
Annales Polonici Mathematici; 1998, 68, 2; 125-157
0066-2216
Pojawia się w:
Annales Polonici Mathematici
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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