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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 19
Tytuł:
Entropy Production in the Stationary Eutectic Growth
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
regular eutectics growth
entropy production
criterion of minimum entropy production
Growth Law
Opis:
The entropy production per unit time is calculated for the regular lamellae -, and for the regular rods formation, respectively. The entropy production is a function of some parameters which define the eutectic phase diagram, coefficient of the diffusion in the liquid, and some capillary parameters connected with the mechanical equilibrium located at the triple point of the solid/liquid interface. Minimization of the entropy production allowed to formulate mathematically the so-called Growth Law for both envisaged eutectic morphologies.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 1; 403-416
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nature of Segregation in the Steel Static and Brass Continuously Cast Ingots
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
macro-segregation maps
brass ingots morphology
marginal stability criterion
Growth Law for columnar structure
formation
Opis:
Experimental observations of the steel morphology as well as measurements of the solutes concentration in the macro-scale were made on the basis of the vertical cut at the mid-depth of the 15-tons steel forging ingot serially produced in one of the steel plant in Poland. Experimental observations of the morphology accompanied by the measurements of the Peclet Number were also made on the cross-section of the continuously cast brass ingots serially produced in the copper / brass industry in Poland. The performed measurements allowed to work out some maps of the alloying elements segregation for the longitudinal section of the steel static ingot and a Growth Law for the columnar grains formation in the brass ingots. The marginal stability criterion has been applied to the last mentioned development / description. Some suggestions for the micro-segregation measurement mode in the columnar structure are derived.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1915-1922
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Growth Law For Peritectic Phases Formation In The Zinc Coating
Autorzy:
Guzik, E.
Kopyciński, D.
Wołczyński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
(Zn)–coating
zinc segregation
growth law
crystallization of peritectic phases
powłoka cynkowa
segregacja cynku
prawo wzrostu
krystalizacja faz perytektycznych
Opis:
Some experiments dealing with the isothermal hot dip galvanizing were carried out. The (Zn) – coating settled on the Armco-iron substrate were examined after arresting the solidification for different periods of time. The measurement of the thickness of each sub-layer in the coating were performed due to the SEM – analysis. The zinc segregation on the cross-section of the studied sub-layers were also determined by the EDS technique. The growth laws are formulated mathematically for each of the observed sub-layer. The mechanism of the sub-layer formation is also analysed due to the observation of the birth/nucleation of the phases in the sub-layers and the effect of flux onto the sub-layers morphology formation. The appearance of each phase is referred to the Fe-Zn diagram for stable equilibrium according to which these phases are the products of the adequate peritectic transformation.
Przeprowadzono eksperymenty izotermicznego cynkowania zanurzeniowego. Powłoka (Zn) osadzona na żelazie Armco poddana została badaniom po zatrzymaniu krystalizacji dla różnych czasów trwania cynkowania. Dokonano pomiarów grubości każdej z podwarstw powłoki dzięki analizie SEM. Segregacja cynku na przekroju badanych podwarstw również została określona dzięki pomiarom przy użyciu techniki EDS. Sformułowane są matematycznie prawa wzrostu dla każdej z analizowanych podwarstw. Analizowany jest również mechanizm kształtowania podwarstw dzięki obserwacjom narodzin/zarodkowania poszczególnych faz w podwarstwach oraz dzięki analizie oddziaływania topnika na morfologię podwarstw. Formowanie każdej z faz jest odniesione do diagramu równowagowego Fe-Zn zgodnie z którym fazy te są produktami odpowiednich reakcji perytektycznych.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 3; 2335-2340
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of the Structural and Thermal Peclet Numbers in the Brass Continuous Casting
Autorzy:
Kwapisiński, P.
Lipnicki, Z.
Ivanova, A. A.
Wołczyński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry processes
Growth Law
continuous cast
brass ingot
structural zones
procesy odlewnicze
Prawo Wzrostu
odlewanie ciągłe
wlewek mosiężny
strefy strukturalne
Opis:
The Structural Peclet Number has been estimated experimentally by analyzing the morphology of the continuously cast brass ingots. It allowed to adapt a proper development of the Ivantsov’s series in order to formulate the Growth Law for the columnar structure formation in the brass ingots solidified in stationary condition. Simultaneously, the Thermal Peclet Number together with the Biot, Stefan, and Fourier Numbers is used in the model describing the heat transfer connected with the so-called contact layer (air gap between an ingot and crystallizer). It lead to define the shape and position of the s/l interface in the brass ingot subjected to the vertical continuous displacement within the crystallizer (in gravity). Particularly, a comparison of the shape of the simulated s/l interface at the axis of the continuously cast brass ingot with the real shape revealed at the ingot axis is delivered. Structural zones in the continuously cast brass ingot are revealed: FC – fine columnar grains, C – columnar grains, E – equiaxed grains, SC – single crystal situated axially.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 49-54
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationships between unemployment and economic growth – the review (results) of the theoretical and empirical research
Autorzy:
Nagel, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Economic growth
Okun law
Unemployment
Opis:
The article aims to discuss the relationship between economic growth and unemployment as well as related determinant factors based on literature review. The traditional approach presents this relationship through the prism of the effects of creation, capitalization, pool of savings and creative destruction. Nowadays, an increasing number of researchers attach more importance to the impact of institutional factors, such as minimum and efficiency wages or the flexibility of the labor market. Both theoretical and empirical research reveal both the evolution of the relevant views and the lack of consistency between the concepts explaining the relationship between economic growth and unemployment in different regions of the world and in different groups of countries.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2015, 20; 64-79
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Hypothesis of Jobless Economic Growth in the Global Triad Countries
Autorzy:
Misztal, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
economic growth
employment
Okun 's law
Opis:
The aim of the study is to analyze the hypothesis of jobless economic growth in economic theory and in the Global Triad countries (U.S. , EU-15, Japan, China , India). In the article the research method based on the literature study in the field of macroeconomics and international finance were used, as well as econometric methods (Ordinary Least Squares). All the statistics used in the study had an annual frequency and covered the period from 1990 to 2012. These data came from the statistical database of the Business Membership and Research Associa-tion – The Conference Board Total Economy Database. On the basis of the study the phenomenon of jobless economic growth in China and India was revealed. However, in the case of the USA, the EU-15 and Japan the positive impact of eco-nomic growth on changes in employment was confirmed.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 3; 109-129
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Państwo a dobrobyt ekonomiczny - między wolnością a przymusem
Government and Prosperity: Between Economic Freedom and the Rule of Law
Autorzy:
Piątek, Dawid
Sarzec, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-06-30
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
economic freedom
rule of law
economic growth
Opis:
The article examines the key aspects of a debate on the concept of the state and the relationship between freedom and the rule of law in economic studies. On the basis of selected research reports, the authors discuss the results of studies on the influence of economic freedom and the rule of law on prosperity. The paper reviews the most common definitions of economic freedom and the rule of law and methods for measuring them. It follows up with a description of the results of studies on how economic freedom and the rule of law influence economic growth. The analysis made in the paper shows that economic freedom and the rule of law are indispensable for sustained economic growth. They have a major positive influence on the rate of growth. Economic freedom promotes innovation in business and prosperity. However, the government tends to limit economic freedom and forces businesses to behave in a specific way to benefit the economy and the public. This works when the government acts in keeping with the rule of law, the authors say. The rule of law promotes business efficiency and leads to lower transaction costs, which results in faster economic growth, the authors conclude.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2009, 232, 5-6; 1-19
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temporary contracts and Okuns law in Poland
Autorzy:
Bartosik, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444361.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
Okun’s law
temporary contracts
labor market
economic growth
Opis:
Research background: The share of temporary workers in Poland is one of the largest of any EU country, which may affect the output unemployment relationship. The Polish case seems to be a natural experiment. Contrary to many advanced European countries, the spread of temporary contracts in Poland was not caused by labor market reform but instead resulted mainly from spontaneous processes. Purpose of the article: This paper investigates the effect of the widespread use of temporary contracts on the relationship between output and unemployment in Poland. Methods: The analysis is based on the 'dynamic' version of Okun's law and uses OLS regression, OLS split-sample regression and OLS rolling regression. The sample period is 1996-2018. Findings & Value added: The study found that unemployment's sensitivity to output increased over time and was related to the greater use of temporary contracts, particularly among young people and women. Initially, at the turn of the 21st century, the expansion of temporary jobs changed the employment composition and had an insignificant effect on unemployment since firms mainly replaced permanent contracts with temporary contracts. Then, starting around 2006, temporary contracts began affecting unemployment levels and unemployment's responsiveness to output. During this period, firms used temporary contracts as the main workforce adjustment device during the business cycle. 
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 4; 735-760
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Econometric estimation of the relationship between the unemployment rate and economic growth in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Autorzy:
Thaba, Tshephi Kingsley
Belete, Abenet
Hlongwane, Johannes Jan
Ledwaba, Lesetja Jacob
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1887849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
economic growth
unemployment rate
Okun’s coefficient
Okun’s law
Opis:
The study aims to estimate empirically the relationship between economic growth and unemployment rate in Limpopo Province of South Africa. The analysis used quarterly data covering the period 2008-2018 which was obtained from Statistics South Africa. The study employed, difference model, dynamic model, and granger causality test for data analysis, in order to consider both, short term and long term possible relationship Based on the difference model estimation of the coefficient was done and the coefficient was found to be -0.22. From Granger causality test, causal relationship between these two variables doesn’t exist meaning that change in the growth rate of real GDP doesn’t cause change in the rate of unemployment and vice-versa. Inapplicable of the law indicates that a cyclical recovery will not be accompanied by reduction of unemployment. Furthermore, this might reflect the sizable structural and/or frictional component of unemployment in Limpopo Province. Lastly, the country's economic policies have not been suitable for fostering development that can reduce unemployment and this could be due to lack of appropriate composition of public sector and private sector.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2020, 58, 4; 343-349
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Asian-style export-led growth and the role of law
Autorzy:
Zaganjori, Renis
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
law
neoliberal theory
development
economic growth
state intervention
asian tigers
Opis:
This paper analyses the growth of Asian economies through its export-led industrialisation policies. Such growth has been uniquely achieved without greater reliance to law, which the neoliberal approach considers integral to development. Among others, this approach relies on private laws for the protection of property and contractual rights for the efficient and smooth functioning of the market where the state has little or no intervention. In this regard, the paper discusses the role of law in development and economic growth. It is submitted that the instrumental use of law and active state intervention in the Asian examples considered in this paper raises significant doubts on the necessity of law for economic growth.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2018, 18; 133-139
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physical model for movement of water in split-root wheat plants
Autorzy:
Kirkham, M.B.
Erickson, P.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26011.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
nutrient solution
Darcy's law
split-root model
wheat
soil
plant growth
water
physical model
Ohm's law
root
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 1997, 11, 3
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model for the Protective Coating Formation During Hot Dip Galvanizing. Part II
Model formowania powłoki ochronnej podczas cynkowania ogniowego. Część II
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Pogoda, Z.
Garzeł, G.
Kucharska, B.
Sypień, A.
Okane, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kinetics law
meta-stable solidification
growth model
flux
prawo kinetyczne
krzepnięcie
model wzrostu
strumień
Opis:
A mathematical description for the (Zn) - coating formation with the presence of flux in the zinc bath is presented. This description includes the progressive vanishing of the products of the flux disintegration. A function which expresses the flux vanishing is formulated. The solidification of some phase sub-layers in the (Zn) - coating is considered with the use of a hypothetical pseudo-ternary phase diagram Fe-Zn-flux. Some relationships are formulated to define the varying Zn - solute redistribution as observed across the sub-layers. The relationships are based on the mass balance analyzed for the coating / bath / flux system. An amount of the growing phase in a given sub-layers is also defined mathematically.
Prezentowany jest matematyczny opis formownia powłoki cynkowej w obecności topnika w kąpieli. Opis ten uwzględnia stopniowy zanik produktów rozpadu topnika. Sformułowana została funkcja, która wyraża ten zanik. Rozważana jest krystalizacja faz w podwarstwach powłoki cynkowej z zastosowaniem hipotetycznego pseudo-potrójnego diagramu fazowego Fe - Zn - topnik. Sformułowane zostały równania celem zdefiniowania zmienności redystrybucji cynku obserwowanej na grubości poszczególnych podwarstw. Równania te bazują na bilansie masy analizowanym dla systemu powłoka / kąpiel / topnik. Zdefiniowana także została matematycznie ilość rosnącej fazy w danej podwarstwie.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2014, 59, 4; 1393-1404
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Makroekonomiczne uwarunkowania oczekiwanej długości życia w Polsce
The Macroeconomic Determinants of Life Expectancy in Poland
Autorzy:
Florczak, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-06-30
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
life expectancy
law of mortality
determinants of mortality
stepwise regression method
econometric models
economic growth
Opis:
The paper begins with the discussion of a cause-and-effect econometric model describing life expectancy in Poland in three variants: for men, women, and both sexes at the same time. The analysis is preceded by a brief review of research reports on the subject, with a special focus on empirical applications in the context of adequate explanatory variables. The estimation of the parameters was made with the use of a stepwise regression method, while the final version of the model was selected on the basis of a reliable statistical test, the author says. The research shows that the following variables had a statistically significant impact on life expectancy in Poland in the analyzed period (1975-2005): urbanization, the quality of healthcare, human capital, incomes, economic inequalities, social capital, behavioral factors, and the natural environment. However, the relative impact of these factors on life expectancy differed substantially for men and women, Florczak says. In the second part of the article, the author proposes a model breaking down the population by sex and age, with the use of a “top-down modeling strategy.” The parameters of the Gompertz mortality law and a logistic function were estimated for each year, with the entire population divided into coherent age groups. The resulting demographic model makes it possible to draw up forecasts and simulation scenarios taking into account links between the economic and demographic determinants of growth, Florczak says.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2009, 232, 5-6; 61-90
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Okun’s Law in OECD Countries in 1990 – 2013
Autorzy:
Błaszczuk, Dariusz J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
economic policy targets
long-term equilibrium
Okun's law
OECD countries
GDP growth rate
unemployment rate
Opis:
Politicians try to reach targets that usually contradict. It leads to lack of optimal long-term equilibrium. The main target should be the maximal growth rate of GDP and other targets should remain within predetermined limits. Politicians should influence relations between every two targets. Empirical study of relations between unemployment and GDP growth rates is done for every OECD country basing on quarterly data for 20 years. According to the results of the investigation countries are put into “strategic groups”. Paper ends with preliminary proposals for economic policy makers.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2014, 15, 2; 47-63
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kinetics of the (Zn) - Coating Deposition During Stable and Meta-Stable Solidifications. Part III
Kinetyka osadzania powłoki cynkowej podczas krystalizacji stabilnej i metastabilnej. Część III
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Kucharska, B.
Garzeł, G.
Sypień, A.
Pogoda, Z.
Okane, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
(Zn)-coatings
Fe-Zn phase diagrams
growth kinetics
kinetics law
powłoka cynkowa
diagramy fazowe Fe-Zn
kinetyka wzrostu
Opis:
Two different steel substrates are applied to the hot dip (Zn) - coating formation. The influence of the substrate composition on the (Zn) - coating thickening is recorded. Morphologies of both coatings are compared to each other. The transition from stable into meta-stable solidification is revealed. The criterion for the competition between stable and meta-stable solidification is applied to justify the analyzed transition.
Zastosowano dwie różne stale jako podłoża dla uzyskania dwu zróżnicowanych powłok (Zn). Dokonano porównania wpływu składu obydwu rodzajów podłoża na kinetykę wzrostu powłok (Zn). Dokonano zestawienia morfologii obydwu powłok. Ujawnione zostało przejście od krystalizacji stabilnej do meta-stabilnej. Zastosowano kryterium współzawodnictwa między krystalizacją stabilną a meta-stabilną dla uzasadnienia analizowanego przejścia.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 1; 199-207
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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