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Tytuł:
Optimized Driver Placement for Array-Driven Flat-Panel Loudspeakers
Autorzy:
Anderson, D. A.
Heilemann, M. C.
Bocko, M. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177774.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
loudspeaker
array
crossover network
spatial sampling
Opis:
The recently demonstrated ‘modal crossover network’ method for flat panel loudspeaker tuning employs an array of force drivers to selectively excite one or more panel bending modes from a spectrum of panel bending modes. A regularly spaced grid of drivers is a logical configuration for a two-dimensional driver array, and although this can be effective for exciting multiple panel modes it will not necessarily exhibit strong coupling to all of the modes within a given band of frequencies. In this paper a method is described to find optimal force driver array layouts to enable control of all the panel bending modes within a given frequency band. The optimization is carried out both for dynamic force actuators, treated as point forces, and for piezoelectric patch actuators. The optimized array layouts achieve similar maximum mode coupling efficiencies in comparison with regularly spaced driver arrays; however, in the optimized arrays all of the modes within a specified frequency band may be independently addressed, which is important for achieving a desired loudspeaker frequency response. Experiments on flat panel loudspeakers with optimized force actuator array layouts show that each of the panel modes within a selected frequency band may be addressed independently and that the inter-modal crosstalk is typically −30 dB or less with non-ideal drivers.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 1; 93-104
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concession crossover in electronic negotiations
Autorzy:
Carbonneau, Real
Vahidov, Rustam
Yu, Bo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2183436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
electronic negotiations
concession making
concession crossover
Opis:
Negotiation is a joint decision making process involving making concessions by the parties. Concession-making may involve giving up negotiator’s utility and is an essential activity in the negotiation process. In the past it has been suggested by some authors that negotiators utility functions over the issues may not be linear. In this case, a phenomenon called “concession crossover” takes place, in which a negotiator may switch issues on which they choose to make concessions at some point in negotiations. This work sets to investigate the validity of such claims. To this end we introduce several concession-making models and use them for testing hypotheses. We have used a dataset from online negotiation experiments featuring a contract-signing case. The results support the claim that concession crossover does indeed occur.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2021, 50, 1; 51--67
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ambient ozone and emergency department visits due to lower respiratory condition
Autorzy:
Kousha, Termeh
Rowe, Brian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-03-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
bronchitis
case-crossover
ozone
lower respiratory diseases
Opis:
Objectives: Ambient ozone (O₃) exposure is associated with a variety of health conditions. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of increased daily concentrations of ozone on emergency department (ED) visits due to lower respiratory diseases (LRD), such as acute or chronic bronchitis, in Edmonton, Canada. Materials and Methods: Data concerning 10 years (1992-2002) were obtained from 5 Edmonton hospital Emergency Departments. Odds ratios (ORs) for ED visits associated with the increased ozone levels were calculated employing a case-crossover technique with a time-stratified strategy to define controls. In the constructed conditional logistic regression models, adjustments were made for daily number of influenza ED visits and weather variables using natural splines. ORs and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported in relation to an increase in the interquartile range (IQR = 17.9 ppb) of the ground-level ozone. Results: Overall, 48 252 ED visits due to LRD were identified, of which 53% were made by males. The presentations peaked in December (12%) and February (11.7%) and were the lowest in August (5.6%). Positive and statistically significant results were obtained for acute bronchitis: for same day (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.13, lag 0) and for lag 2, lag 3-7 and 9 days; for chronic bronchitis: for lag 6, 7, and lag 9 days (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.18, lag 9). For all ED visits for LRD, lag 0, lag 1, and lag 3-9 days showed positive and statistically significant associations (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.09, lag 0). Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis concerning positive associations between ozone and the ED visits due to LRD.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2014, 27, 1; 50-59
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie algorytmów genetycznych do projektowania rozdrabniacza wielotarczowego
Shredder multishield structure design with the use of genetic algorithms
Autorzy:
Rama, Roksana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41203987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Tematy:
algorytmy genetyczne
krzyżowanie
tarcze
genetic algorithms
crossover
shield
Opis:
Zakres pracy obejmuje wiadomości z zakresu algorytmów genetycznych oraz rozdrabniaczy wielotarczowych. Przedstawia funkcjonowanie algorytmu genetycznego, metody optymalizacji oraz cel badań wykorzystania algorytmów genetycznych w projektowaniu rozdrabniaczy wielotarczowych. Program TarczeAG napisano w programie C++ Builder 7. Ograniczono się do projektowania tarcz tnących na podstawie istniejących tarcz. Stworzona została nowa grupa układów dwutarczowych, a symulacja umożliwiła dobór cech konstrukcyjnych tarcz.
This paper deals with the issue concerning genetic algorithms and multi disc mills. The article not only presents genetic algorithm operating and optimization methods but it also concentrates on genetic algorithms application possibilities in them of multi disc mills. AG Discs Software was written with a help of a software called: C++Builder 7. Main focus of interest concerned the cutting disc design process, involving existing ones. New class of double disc systems, whose discs were designed using a computer simulation.
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały Informatyki Stosowanej; 2010, 2; 51-54
1689-6300
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały Informatyki Stosowanej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Austempering Temperature on the Microstructure and Retained Austenite of Cast Bainitic Steel Used for Frogs in Railway Crossovers
Autorzy:
Parzych, S.
Dziurka, R.
Goły, M.
Kulinowski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
railway crossover
austempering of bainitic cast steel
heat treatment
Opis:
This work deals with the effect of austempering temperature and time on the microstructure and content of retained austenite of a selected cast steel assigned as a material used for frogs in railway crossovers. Bainitic cast steel was austempered at 400°C, 450°C and 500°C for two selected times (0.5 h, 4.0 h) to study the evolution of the microstructure and retained austenite content. The microstructure was characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD), and hardness tests. Phase transformations during and after austempering were determined by dilatometric methods.The increase in isothermal temperature causes an increase in time to start of bainitic transformation from 0.25 to 1.5 s. However, another increase in temperature to 500°C shifts the incubation time to as much as 11 s. The time after which the transformations have ended at individual temperatures is similar and equal to about 300 s (6 min.). The dilatation effects are directly related to the amount of bainite formation. Based on these we can conclude that the temperature effect in the case of cast steel is inversely proportional to the amount of bainite formed. The largest effect can be distinguished in the case of the sample austempered at 400°C and the smallest at 500°C. Summarizing the dilatometric results, we can conclude that an increase in austempering temperature causes an increase in austenite stability. In other words, the chemical composition lowers (shifts to lower temperatures) the range of bainite transformation. It is possible that at higher austempering temperatures we will receive only stable austenite without any transformation. This is indicated by the hatched area in Figure 4b. This means that the heat treatment of cast steel into bainite is limited on both sides by martensitic transformation and the range of stable austenite. The paper attempts to estimate the content of retained austenite with X-ray diffraction.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 4; 1463-1468
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cast Bainitic Steel Used for Frogs in Railway Crossovers
Autorzy:
Parzych, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
railway crossover
bainitic cast steel
heat treatment
mechanical properties
Opis:
This work deals with the effect of heat treatment on a microstructure and mechanical properties of a selected cast steel assigned as a material used for frogs in railway crossovers. Materials used nowadays in the railway industry for frogs e.g. Hadfield cast steel (GX120Mn13) or wrougth pearlitic steel (eg. R260) do not fulfil all exploitation requirements indicated in the UIC (International Union of Railways) Decision No. 1692/96 in terms of train speed that should be reached on railways. One of the possible solution is using a cast steel with bainitic or bainitic-martensitic microstructure that allows to gain high strength properties the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1400 MPa, the tensile yield strength (TYS) of 900 MPa and the hardness of up to 400 BHN. The tested material is considered as an alternative to Hadfield cast steel that is currently used for railway frogs. Results of an experimental analysis of the effect of conducted heat treatment on a microstructure, the volume fraction of retained austenite and mechanical properties of bainitic steel, are shown in this paper. It was found that, the heat treatment leads to a stabilization of retained austenite in grain boundaries area of the primary austenite. Additionally, the heat treatment according to the variant #3 results with an almost 3-times higher impact toughness to that exhibited by material subjected to the other treatments.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 2147-2151
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Driver Filter Design for Software-Implemented Loudspeaker Crossovers
Autorzy:
Yao, S. N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
crossover
loudspeaker
pole-zero placement
Pascal matrix
driver filter
Opis:
A hybrid method is presented for the integration of low-, mid-, and high-frequency driver filters in loud- speaker crossovers. The Pascal matrix is exploited to calculate denominators; the locations of minimum values in frequency magnitude responses are associated with the forms of numerators; the maximum values are used to compute gain factors. The forms of the resulting filters are based on the physical meanings of low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass filters, an intuitive idea which is easy to be understood. Moreover, each coefficient is believed to be simply calculated, an advantage which keeps the software- implemented crossover running smoothly even if crossover frequencies are being changed in real time. This characteristic allows users to efficiently adjust the bandwidths of the driver filters by subjective listening tests if objective measurements of loudspeaker parameters are unavailable. Instead of designing separate structures for a low-, mid-, and high-frequency driver filter, by using the proposed techniques we can implement one structure which merges three types of digital filters. Not only does the integra- tion architecture operate with low computational cost, but its size is also compact. Design examples are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented methodology.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2014, 39, 4; 591-597
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolutionary computing in operational research for two-layer neural networks
Autorzy:
Płaczek, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94935.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
evolutionary algorithm
neural network
optimization algorithm
mutation operator
crossover operator
Opis:
Considering the non-linear characteristics of the activation functions, the entire task is multidimensional and non-linear with a multimodal target function. Implementing evolutionary computing in the multimodal optimization tasks gives developers new and effective tools for seeking the global minimum. A developer has to find the optimal and simple transformation between the realization of a phenotype and a genotype. In the article, a two-layer neural network is analysed. In the first step, the population is created. In the main algorithm loop, a parent selection mechanism is used together with the fitness function. To evaluate the quality of evolutionary computing process different measured characteristics are used. The final results are depicted using charts and tables.
Źródło:
Information Systems in Management; 2017, 6, 2; 119-130
2084-5537
2544-1728
Pojawia się w:
Information Systems in Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A case-crossover study of sleep, fatigue, and other transient exposures at workplace and the risk of non-fatal occupational injuries among the employees of an Italian academic hospital
Autorzy:
Valent, Francesca
Mariuz, Marika
Liva, Giulia
Bellomo, Fabrizio
De Corti, Daniela
Degan, Stefania
Ferrazzano, Alberto
Brusaferro, Silvio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168391.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-11-18
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
fatigue
sleep duration
case-crossover
occupational injuries
academic hospital
Italy
Opis:
Objectives Transient exposure with acute effect has been shown to affect the risk of occupational injuries in various industrial settings and at the healthcare workplace. The objective of this study has been to identify transient exposures related to occupational injury risk in an Italian teaching hospital. Material and Methods A case-crossover study was conducted among the employees of the University Hospital of Udine who reported an occupational injury, commuting accident, or incident involving biological risk in a 15-month period in the years 2013 and 2014. The matched-pair interval approach was used to assess the role of acute sleep deprivation whereas the usual frequency approach was used for other 13 transient exposures. Results Sleep hours were not associated with the risk of injuries whereas a significant risk increase was associated with fatigue, rush, distraction, emergency situations, teaching to or being taught by someone, non-compliant patients, bloody operative/work field, excess noise, complex procedures, and anger. Conclusions We identified transient exposures that increased the risk of occupational injuries in an Italian teaching hospital, providing indications for interventions to increase workers’ safety at the healthcare workplace. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016;29(6):1001–1009
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 6; 1001-1009
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How job and family demands impact change in perceived stress: A dyadic study
Autorzy:
Smoktunowicz, Ewelina
Cieślak, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-11-03
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
job demands
self-efficacy
family demands
spillover–crossover
dyads
interrole conflict
Opis:
Objectives: The aim of this two-wave study has been to test the spillover and crossover of job and family demands on changes in perceived stress at work and in the family. Specifically, we proposed that demands from one domain (work or family) spilled over to another domain through interrrole conflict (work–family/family–work conflict) and context-specific self-efficacy. Additionally, we hypothesized that changes in perceived stress were impacted not only by a person’s own demands through interrole conflict but also by the demands of one’s significant other, in the process of crossover. Material and Methods: The study was of dyadic design and it was conducted online, among 130 heterosexual couples, at 2 time points separated by 3 months interval. Hypotheses were verified by means of the path analysis. Results: No support was found for the spillover of job and family demands on changes in perceived stress through interrole conflict and self-efficacy, neither for women nor for men. With regard to the crossover, no support was found for the actor effects, i.e., a person’s demands did not impact changes in one’s own work- and family-related perceived stress but partial support was found for the partner effects, i.e., women’s job demands were associated with men’s changes in work and family-related stress through women’s work–family conflict, and men’s family demands were associated with women’s change in family-related perceived stress through men’s family–work conflict. Conclusions: The study is a longitudinal test of the Spillover–Crossover model and Work–Home Resources model demonstrating that job and family demands are transmitted across domains and across partners in the intimate relationships through the interrole conflict but the nature of this crossover is different for men and women. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(2)199–215
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 2; 199-215
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of chained two-point clusters for the examination of associations of air pollution with health conditions
Autorzy:
Szyszkowicz, Mieczysław
Burr, Wesley S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177423.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-05-25
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
ambient air pollution
Mortality
case-crossover
cluster
relative risk
odds ratio
Opis:
Objectives There are a few accepted and intensively applied statistical methods used to study associations of ambient air pollution with health conditions. Among the most popular methods applied to assess short term air health effects are case-crossover (using events) and time-series methodologies (using counts). A few other techniques for studying counts of events have been proposed, including the Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM). One suggested GLMM technique uses cluster structures based on natural embedded hierarchies: days are nested in the days of a week (dow), which, in turn, are nested in months and months in years (< dow, month, years >). Material and Methods In this study the authors considered clusters with hierarchical structures in a form of < dow, 14-days, year >, where the 14-days hierarchy determines 7 clusters composed of 2 days (the same days) of a week (2 Mondays, 2 Tuesdays, etc.), in 1 year. In this work the authors proposed hierarchical chained clusters in which 2 days of a week are grouped as follows: (first, second), (second, third), (third, fourth) and so on. Such an approach allows determination of an additional series of the slopes on the clusters (second, third), (fourth, fifth), etc., i.e., estimation of the coefficients for other configurations of air pollutant levels. The authors considered a series of 2 point chained clusters covering a year. In such a construction each cluster has one common data point (day) with another one. Results The authors estimated coefficients (slopes) related to the ambient ozone exposure (mortality) and to 3 selected air pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) combined into index and considered as health risk exposure (emergency department (ED) visits). The generated results were compared to the estimations obtained from the time-series method and the time-stratified case-crossover method applied to the same data. Conclusions The proposed statistical method, based on the chained hierarchical clusters (< dow, 14-days, year >), generated results with shorter confidence intervals than the other methods.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 4; 613-622
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mirative focalization: A case study of Mandarin lian-DP dou construction
Autorzy:
Xing, Yue
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40233455.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
lian-DP dou construction
Mandarin
maximality operator
mirative focus
weak crossover
Opis:
The paper investigates Mandarin lian-DP dou construction (aka. ‘even’-construction) in terms of the following controversial aspects – i.e., the contributions of the syntactically indispensable elements lian ‘even’ and dou ‘all’, and the syntactic distribution of the construction in connection with associated information structure. It is extensively accepted in the literature that a lian-DP – i.e., the chunk formed by lian and the following nominal phrase, can represent two functional positions – in the clause-external Left Periphery (henceforth LP), and in the low IP area, because it occurs either preceding or following the alleged subject. In the present paper, however, I argue that a lian-DP, regardless of its linear position, undergoes successive-cyclic movement and, specifically, it first makes a stopover in SpecdouP for quantificational reasons before it takes a further step of mirative focus fronting targeting the LP. Support is threefold – pragmatically, lian-DP dou construction denotes contextually similar implicatures as Sicilian mirative expressions do; semantically, the quantifier dou, serving as a maximality operator, imposes exhaustivity over the alternatives available on a scale and therefore forces the lian-DP to move to SpecdouP; and syntactically, the observable weak crossover effects (WCO) manifest that lian-DP movement is inherently focus fronting.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2023, 9; 238-250
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using GA for evolving weights in neural networks
Autorzy:
Hameed, Wafaa Mustafa
Kanbar, Asan Baker
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/118057.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
genetic algorithm
neural network
crossover
mutation
algorytm genetyczny
sieć neuronowa
skrzyżowanie
mutacja
Opis:
This article aims at studying the behavior of different types of crossover operators in the performance of Genetic Algorithm. We have also studied the effects of the parameters and variables (crossover probability (Pc), mutation probability (Pm), population size (popsize) and number of generation (NG) for controlling the algorithm. This research accumulated most of the types of crossover operators these types are implemented on evolving weights of Neural Network problem. The article investigates the role of crossover in GAs with respect to this problem, by using a comparative study between the iteration results obtained from changing the parameters values (crossover probability, mutation rate, population size and number of generation). From the experimental results, the best parameters values for the Evolving Weights of XOR-NN problem are NG = 1000, popsize = 50, Pm = 0.001, Pc = 0.5 and the best operator is Line Recombination crossover.
Źródło:
Applied Computer Science; 2019, 15, 3; 21-33
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:
Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution and emergency department visits for conjunctivitis: A case-crossover study
Autorzy:
Szyszkowicz, Mieczysław
Kousha, Termeh
Castner, Jessica
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-02-02
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
air pollution
case-crossover
emergency department visit
exposure
conjunctivitis
multi-city study
Opis:
Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between emergency department (ED) visits for conjunctivitis and ambient air pollution levels in urban regions across the province of Ontario, Canada. Material and Methods Information from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System was used to create time-series records, for the period of April 2004 to December 2011, on emergency department visits of patients suffering from conjunctivitis. A total of 77 439 emergency department visits for conjunctivitis were analyzed. A time-stratified case-crossover design was applied, completed with meta-analysis in order to pool inter-city results. Odds ratio (OR) for an emergency department visit was calculated in different population strata per one-unit increase (one interquartile range – IQR increase in a pollutant’s daily level) while controlling for the impacts of temperature and relative humidity. Results Statistically significant positive results were observed in the female population sample, for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) exposure lagged 5–8 days, with the highest result for the 7-day lag (OR = 1.035, 95% CI: 1.018–1.052) and for fine particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm ($\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$), for lags 6 and 7 days, with the highest result for lag 7 (OR = 1.017, 95% CI: 1.003–1.031). In the male population sample, statistically significant positive results were observed for NO₂ at lag 5 days (OR = 1.024, 95% CI: 1.004–1.045) and for ozone (O₃), at lags 0–3 and 7 days, with the highest result for lag 0 (OR = 1.038, 95% CI: 1.012–1.056). Also for males, statistically significant results were observed in the case of $\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$ exposure lagged by 5 days (OR = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.000–1.038) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) exposure lagged by 1 and 2 days (OR = 1.016, 95% CI: 1.000–1.031 and OR = 1.018, 95% CI: 1.002–1.033). Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that there are associations between levels of air pollution and ED visits for conjunctivitis, with different temporal trends and strength of association by age, sex, and season.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 3; 381-393
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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