Temat: CCT - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Empirical Formulae for The Calculation of Austenite Supercooled Transformation Temperatures
Zależności empiryczne do obliczania temperatury przemian austenitu przechłodzonego
Autorzy:: Trzaska, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354993.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: CCT diagram
modeling
heat treatment
steel
diagram CCT
modelowanie
obróbka cieplna
stal
Opis:: The paper presents empirical formulae for the calculation of austenite supercooled transformation temperatures, basing on the chemical composition, austenitising temperature and cooling rate. The multiple regression method was used. Four equations were established allowing to calculate temperature of the start area of ferrite, perlite, bainite and martensite at the given cooling rate. The calculation results obtained do not allow to determine the cooling rate range of ferritic, pearlitic, bainitic and martensite transformations. Classifiers based on logistic regression or neural network were established to solve this problem.
W pracy przedstawiono zależności empiryczne do obliczania temperatury przemian austenitu przechłodzonego na podstawie składu chemicznego, temperatury austenityzowania i szybkości chłodzenia. Zastosowano metodę regresji wielorakiej. Opracowano cztery równania, które umożliwiają obliczenie temperatury początku przemiany ferrytycznej, perlitycznej, baini-tycznej i martenzytycznej. Wyniki obliczeń nie pozwalają na wyznaczenie zakresu szybkości chłodzenia, dla których występują przemiany ferrytyczna, perlityczna, bainityczna i martenzytyczna. Do rozwiązania problemu opracowano klasyfikatory stosując regresję logistyczną lub sztuczne sieci neuronowe.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 1; 181-185
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Numerical Modelling and Measurements of Temperature for Tests of Structural Transformations in Steels under Welding Conditions
Autorzy:: Mikno, Z.
Stępień, M.
Grzesik, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352069.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: FEM
thermocouple measurement
CCT diagrams
Opis:: This paper presents the way in which temperature is measured in tests concerning structural transformations in various types of steel under welding conditions. In the test methodology, a small-sized steel specimen was subjected to simulated welding thermal cycles, during which the temperature of the specimen, changes in magnetic permeability and thermal expansion were measured simultaneously. The measurements of those parameters required the non-contact heating of the specimen, which involved the use of heating lamps. The temperature measurement was of key importance because the subsequent analysis of the remaining parameters was performed in the function of temperature. The tests of structural transformations resulted in the development of Continuous Cooling Transformation under welding conditions (CCT) diagrams, enabling the determination of steel weldability and constituting the source of information needed to determine the effect of welding thermal cycles on the structure and properties of the material subjected to the tests. Related numerical models to be used as the basis for the analysis of temperature distribution in the test specimen have been developed. These tests involved the analysis of the values and the distribution of temperature in relation to various model parameters, i.e. thermocouple types, geometrical features of a thermocouple junction and the diameter of thermocouple wires. The results of FEM calculations have been compared to the experiments.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 4; 1405-1415
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Effect of Plastic Deformation on CCT-Diagram of Multi-Phase Forging Steel
Autorzy:: Wojtach, A.
Opiela, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023786.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: microstructure
multi-phase steels
CCT diagram
supercooled austenite
mikrostruktura
stale wielofazowe
diagram CCT
austenit przechłodzony
Opis:: The paper presents the results of research on the influence of plastic deformation and cooling conditions on microstructure, hardness and a shape of CCT-diagram (Continuous Cooling Transformations) of newly developed multi-phase steel assigned for die forgings, combining high strength, crack resistance and fatigue strength. The diagrams of undeformed and plastically deformed supercooled austenite transformations of steel, containing 0.175% C, 1.87% Mn, 1.0% Si, 0.22% Mo as well as Ti and V microadditions in concentration of 0.031% and 0.022%, respectively, were determined. Dilatometric tests were performed using a Bahr 805 A/D dilatometer. Specimens were austenitized at the temperature of 1000°C for 300 s and successively cooled to ambient temperature at a rate ranging from 60°C/s to 0.1°C/s. In order to determine the influence of plastic deformation on the shape of CCT-diagram, samples were deformed at the temperature of 1000°C, using a 50% degree of deformation, and then cooled in the same rate range as the samples which were not plastically deformed. The tests showed the following temperature results: Ac3 = 960°C, Ac1 = 832°C and a relatively low MS temperature equal 330°C. Plastic deformation of steel at the temperature of 1000°C, prior to the beginning of phase transformations, leads to significant increase in the ferritic transformation range, shifting the temperature of the beginning of this transformation to higher temperature in the entire range of cooling rates. It was also revealed that the specimens, plastically deformed at the austenitizing temperature, exhibit higher hardness compared to the specimens which were not plastically deformed, cooled with the same cooling rate. The elaborated CCT-diagrams of supercooled austenite transformations constitute the basis for correct development of the conditions of thermo-mechanical treatment of forgings from the tested steel.
Źródło:: Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 4; 72-80
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:: Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Calculation of Critical Temperatures by Empirical Formulae
Autorzy:: Trzaska, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355194.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: CCT diagram
modeling
heat treatment
steel
Opis:: The paper presents formulas used to calculate critical temperatures of structural steels. Equations that allow calculating temperatures Ac₁, Ac₃, Ms and B_s were elaborated based on the chemical composition of steel. To elaborate the equations the multiple regression method was used. Particular attention was paid to the collection of experimental data which was required to calculate regression coefficients, including preparation of data for calculation. The empirical data set included more than 500 chemical compositions of structural steel and has been prepared based on information available in literature on the subject.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 981-986
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Numerical Simulation of the Phase Transformations in Steels: A Case Study on Newly-Developed Multi-Phase Steels for Drop Forgings
Autorzy:: Wojtacha, Anna
Opiela, Marek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2024137.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:: numerical simulation
CCT diagram
TTT diagram
multi-phase steels
symulacja numeryczna
wykres CCT
wykres TTT
stale wielofazowe
Opis:: The aim of the work was to determine the diagrams of phase evolution under equilibrium conditions and numerical simulation of austenite phase transformations under non-equilibrium conditions, as well as to determine CCT (Continuous Cooling Transformation) and TTT (Temperature Time Transformation) diagrams with the use of JMatPro software. The subject of the analysis were two newly elaborated multiphase steels assigned for production of forgings: steel A, containing of 0.165% C, 2% Mn, 1.11% Si and steel B, containing 0.175% C, 1,87% Mn, 1% Si, 0.22% Mo and Ti and V microadditions at a concentration of 0.031% and 0.022%, respectively. The performed simulation revealed that the investigated steels have similar critical temperatures under equilibrium conditions: Ac1 ~ 680°C, Ac3 ~ 830°C. The chemical composition of steel B and the interaction of Mo, Ti and V in particular, determine that diffusion transformations, i.e. ferritic and pearlitic, in the elaborated CCT and TTT diagrams are significantly shifted to longer times in relation to the position of these transformations in the diagrams for steel A. A distinct delay also concerns the bainitic transformation. Moreover, it was found that the MS temperature of steel B is slightly lower. The determined CCT and TTT diagrams are essentially helpful in the development of heat and thermo-mechanical treatment conditions for new steel grades.
Źródło:: Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 1; 126-133
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:: Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Empirical formulas for the calculations of the hardness of steels cooled from the austenitizing temperature
Autorzy:: Trzaska, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356569.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: CCT diagram
modeling
heat treatment
steel
hardness
Opis:: In this paper, the equations applied for the purpose of the calculations of the hardness of continuously cooled structural steels upon the basis of the temperature of austenitizing. The independent variables of the hardness model were: the mass concentrations of elements, the austenitizing temperature and the cooling rate. The equations were developed with the application of the following methods: multiple regression and logistic regression. In this paper, attention was paid to preparing data for the purpose of calculations, to the methodology of the calculations, and also to the assessment of the quality of developed formulas. The collection of empirical data was prepared upon the basis of more than 500 CCT diagrams.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1297-1302
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: A New Neural Networks Model for Calculating the Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams
Autorzy:: Trzaska, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351678.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: CCT diagram
modelling
neural network
heat treatment
steel
Opis:: The article shows a new model of Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) diagrams of structural steels and engineering steels. The modelling used artificial neural networks and a set of experimental data prepared based on 550 CCT diagrams published in the literature. The model of CCT diagrams forms 17 artificial neural networks which solve classification and regression tasks. Neural model is implemented in a computer software that enables calculation of a CCT diagram based on chemical composition of steel and its austenitizing temperature.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 2009-2015
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Examples of Simulation of the Alloying Elements Effect on Austenite Transformations During Continuous Cooling
Autorzy:: Trzaska, Jacek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049560.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: CCT diagram
simulation
neural network
heat treatment
steel
Opis:: The article shows examples of simulation of the chemical composition effect on austenite transformation during continuous cooling. The calculations used own neural model of CCT (Continuous Cooling Transformation) diagrams describing austenite transformations that occur during continuous cooling. The model allows to calculate a CCT diagrams of structural steels and engineering steels based on chemical composition of steel and austenitizing temperature. Examples of simulation shown herein are related to the effect of selected elements on the temperatures of phase transformations, hardness and volume fraction of ferrite, pearlite, bainite and martensite in steel.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 331-337
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: The Effects of Finish Rolling Temperature and Niobium Microalloying on the Microstructure and Properties of a Direct Quenched High-Strength Steel
Autorzy:: Kaijalainen, A.
Vähäkuopus, N.
Somani, M.
Mehtonen, S.
Porter, D.
Kömi, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350880.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: direct quenching
hot rolling
Nb microalloying
microstructure
CCT diagram
Opis:: This paper comprehends the effects of finish rolling temperature (FRT) and Nb-microalloying on the microstructural evolution and resultant properties of a low carbon direct quenched steel in the yield strength category of ≥900 MPa. Results indicate that a decrease in FRT close to Ar3 temperature significantly influenced the microstructure following phase transformation, especially at the subsurface (~50-400 μm) of the rolled strip. On decreasing the FRT, the subsurface microstructure revealed a fine mixture of ferrite and bainite obviously as a result of strain-induced transformation, whereas the structure at the centreline remained essentially martensitic. Further, Nb-microalloying promoted the formation of ferrite and bainite even at higher FRTs, thus influencing the mechanical properties. The microstructures of the hot-rolled strips were further corroborated with the aid of CCT diagrams.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2A; 619-626
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: To Study the Microstructural Evolution of EN353 Steel under Different Heat Treatment Conditions
Autorzy:: Sharma, Lochan
Chaubey, Sandeep Kumar
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313870.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:: CCT curves
cooling rate
heat treatment
bainite
ferrite
pearlite
microstructure
Opis:: Steel is basically used in construction, automobile, buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, appliances, machines and weapons due to its good mechanical as well as metallurgical properties. Heat treatment of steels significantly enhance its mechanical and metallurgical properties due to the formation of various phases depending upon the type of steel used for specific application. In present study, blank of EN353 grade steel having different sizes were used to investigate the effect of heat treatment and microstructural changes. JMat-Pro software was used to predict the continuous cooling transformation behaviour of EN353 steel. Different phases such as bainite, perlite and other carbide inclusion can be observed in the microstructural examination. Pearlitic microstructure developed for the specimen of size 40×40×40 mm heated at 870°C for 2 hrs and then isothermal heating was performed for same specimen at 600°C for 73 min followed by air cooling. Relevance Statement: Steel is an important material which is frequently used in almost all areas such as structure building, pressure vessels, transportation and many more other applications. Addition of alloying elements in parent steel significantly improve the metallurgical as well as mechanical properties. Steel properties like tensile strength, toughness, ductility, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hardness, hot hardness, weldability, fatigue etc. significantly improved with the addition of alloying and heat treatment. Heat treatment processes can be used to improve the properties of steel which are frequently used in many manufacturing industries. Different grades of steels which are heat treated under a set of sequence of heating and cooling to change their physical and mechanical properties so that it can fulfil its function under loading condition. With the help of heat treatment process desired microstructure has been achieved which exhibit good mechanical properties of steels.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 2; 423--430
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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