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Tytuł:
Byzantine Rank Hierarchy in the 9th–11th Centuries
Autorzy:
Kanev, Nikolay
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Byzantine rank hierarchy
Middle-Byzantine administration
Byzantine aristocracy
Byzantine court
Middle-Byzantine state organization
Opis:
The aim of the article is to present the Byzantine secular rank hierarchy of the 9th–11th centuries. During the above-mentioned period of time Byzantium knew not one but several distinct, relatively independent official hierarchical systems. All of them, however, were mutually interconnected to varying degrees and thus formed a single, pan-imperial hierarchical construct, expressed through the so-called system of palace precedence of ranks in the empire. It is this global and more general paradigm that reflects the Byzantine hierarchical model of the 9th–11th centuries; consequently, it seems fitting to refer to it as the rank hierarchy of the classical Middle Byzantine period, in the era preceding the reforms of Alexios I Komnenos (1081–1118).
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2018, 8; 153-165
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategic Planning in the Middle Byzantine Period: A "Limitrophe" Policy Reintroduced?
Autorzy:
Gjalevski, Dragan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31318153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Byzantine Empire
Middle Byzantine period
Byzantine diplomacy
strategic planning
limitrophe policy
Byzantine client states
Opis:
In order to maintain or improve its political stability and overall might every state conducts certain policies, both domestic and foreign, throughout its history. They are usually a result of a systematic planning, encompassing in the process multiple state sectors. The Byzantine Empire was no exception. Throughout centuries of existence, the imperial government implemented numerous reforms and carried out reorganisation in the military, administrative and fiscal departments, with the intention to improve its governance. Creation of the military commands – strategides, thémata and tágmata corps are only some of the changes, and their implementation certainly required prior planning in accordance with the requirements and capacity of the state. In relation to foreign policy, starting from the mid-ninth century, a formation of a number of client states that were more or less politically dependent on Constantinople can be observed on the Byzantine borders; their existence ended around the mid-eleventh century. This paper aims to examine the process of establishing client states on the Byzantine borders, i.e., whether it was a policy initiated and subsequently applied by the imperial government as a result of some pre-determined planning, or whether it was just an ad hoc solution.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2023, 13; 29-55
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Money in the Apophthegmata Patrum
Autorzy:
Milewski, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682320.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Apophthegmata Patrum
early Byzantine hagiography
late Roman economy
early Byzantine economy
early Byzantine monasticism
Opis:
The objective of this paper is to discuss accounts related to money in Apophthegmata Patrum, a collection of sayings attributed to famous Egyptian monks. The collection as we know it was produced in the 6th century. By describing the organisation of monastic centres in Egypt in the 4th and 5th century Apophthegmata also offer us some information about the period’s economic aspects. However, by and large, the data is very general. It pertains to: prices, wages, tax issues as well as money that was given to monks by pilgrims. Limited as it is, the data confirms that money was present in the everyday lives of Egyptian monks in late antiquity. Naturally, the major consideration behind whether a monk possessed money was whether he had contact with the outside world. This included selling self-made handcraft at markets, particularly woven mats and ropes, clay pots and sometimes also more specialised items (such as copied codices of the Bible). In Apophthegmata Patrum, similarly to what is the case with other Early Byzantium hagiographic texts, we find little information about moral evaluation of money or about the “appropriate” way to manage it.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2019, 9; 603-614
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Byzantine Office of Ἐπὶ τῶν κρίσεων and Its Holders (in the Light of Sphragistic Evidence and Written Sources)
Autorzy:
Antonov, Symeon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
epi ton kriseon
Byzantine supreme courts
Byzantine central and provincial administration
Byzantine 11th century
Opis:
The paper investigates the establishment of the office of the epi ton kriseon during the Reign of emperor Constantine IX Monomachos (1042–1055), analysing the reasons behind its creation and its initial character. In addition, a list of all holders of this office is provided, based on all available sources – sphragistic, epistolary, rhetorical, documentary, etc. The list is divided into two parts – before and after the sack of the Byzantine capital by the Crusaders in 1204. Certain conclusions are reached at the end of the paper based on the data from the first part of the list. Different aspects of the problem are examined, including the honorific titles of the epi ton kriseon, their other offices, activities and social bonds. Individuals who held this position include prominent figures such as Konstantinos, nephew of patriarch Michael I Keroularios (1043–1058) and the addressee of many letters from Michael Psellos, as well as the 12th–13th century historian Niketas Choniates. In the 11th–12th century, these officials were an indelible part of the Byzantine bureaucratic elite and the Constantinopolitan society; they exerted their power not only in the capital, but also in the provinces.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2017, 7; 9-25
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bread as Food and Medicament in Oribasius’ Writings
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Jagusiak, Krzysztof
Dybała, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Oribasius
history of ancient and Byzantine medicine
ancient and Byzantine food history
ancient and Byzantine dietetics
ancient and Byzantine drug-lore
bread
cereals
Opis:
Treatises left by Oribasius (first and foremost his Collectiones medicae and Eclogae medicamentorum) preserve a vast body of information on the varieties of bread eaten in late antiquity, characterise them from the point of view of dietetics, list medical conditions in which a given variety is especially beneficial, and name medical preparations which include the product. The present study elaborates on Oribasius’ dietetic knowledge and his input into the development of dietetic discourse (namely his influence on Byzantine dietetic doctrine), determines Oribasius’ main information sources on bread, characterises bread as food, lists varieties which were thought to be used by physicians and explains reasons for the preferences, and finally exemplifies cures and medical preparations which include bread.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2016, 6; 355-376
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aconite – a Poison, or a Medicine? Ancient and Early Byzantine Testimonies
Autorzy:
Jagusiak, Krzysztof
Tadajczyk, Konrad Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234050.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
aconite
ancient medicine
Byzantine medicine
toxicology
Roman law
Byzantine law
Opis:
Aconite (Aconitum napellus) was one of the most notorious, poisonous plants in the ancient world. Its dangerous, lethal power – present in leaves, roots, stem, and tuber – was well known to the Greeks and the Romans from the earliest times. Evidence of this phenomenon is not only present in archaeological findings, but also in many writings – biographies, poems, legal codes, etc. However, the most precise and detailed accounts come from treatises written by botanists, physicians and encyclopaedists, like Theophrastus, Nicander, Pliny the Elder, Dioscorides, or Galen, and by early Byzantine authors, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida, and Paul of Aegina. In their testimonies, one can find descriptions of aconite, its influence on the human body (and animals), and remedies for affected people. In contrast, there are few passages from these sources that inform the readers about the healing properties of aconite. According to these fragments, carefully administered, aconite could be helpful in some therapies, but its use was extremely hazardous, as even a small part of the plant could kill a man.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2022, 12; 119-134
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Understanding the Use of Byzantine Routes in Central Anatolia (ca. 7TH–9TH Centuries)
Autorzy:
Kaya, Tülin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682132.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Byzantine routes
central Anatolia
Early/Middle Byzantine Anatolia
transformation
continuity
Opis:
This paper mainly focuses on the impact of the change in the political equilibrium in the East caused by the effects of the Arab invasions on the main communication routes in Byzantine Central Anatolia. Beginning in the 640s and continuing for over 150 years, these incursions had an impact on the ways in which major routes in and through the new frontier zone were used, reflecting in part the fact that during this period the Taurus mountain range constituted the natural frontier between the Byzantines and the Arabs. The main communication routes in Central Anatolia, which lie on the northwest-southeast axis, were of importance in terms of the changing role of the main urban centres established along them, since Arab attacks were directed at both major and minor urban and fortified centres in Central Anatolia, as the Byzantine and Arab sources mention. Although the main centres such as Ancyra and Dorylaion were affected by the attacks, these and most other major cities continued to exist throughout the period in question. In this regard, the continued existence of such centres determined the ways in which the major routes of communication were used. A study of the changes in the role and functions of the cities in central Anatolia may thus help to understand the use of the main routes, based on the archaeological, i.e. building structures, ceramics, etc., and textual evidence, including that from narrative sources.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2019, 9; 259-278
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Portrayal of Abbasid Rulers in Chronography of Theophanes the Confessor
Autorzy:
Cecota, Błażej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234078.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Abbasid
Byzantine historiography
Theophanes the Confessor
Byzantine-Arabic relations
Caliphate
Opis:
This text supplements another, a paper presented a decade ago on the portrayal of Umayyad rulers in Chronography of Theophanes the Confessor (B. Cecota, Islam, the Arabs and Umayyad Rulers according to Theophanes the Confessor’s Chronography, “Studia Ceranea” 2, 2012, p. 97–111). I am limiting myself here to discussing only those source remarks which directly concern one of the Abbasid Caliphs, or alternatively, to narratives structured in such a manner that they implied certain traits of a ruler. General remarks concerning the portrayal of the entire dynasty have been included, both in the main text and in the footnotes, only where this was necessary for the understanding of the context in which the Caliphs’ descriptions appear.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2022, 12; 339-350
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Berichus and the Evidence for Aspar’s Political Power and Aims in the Last Years of Theodosius II’s Reign
Autorzy:
Pigoński, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Byzantium
Huns
Aspar
Theodosius II
Byzantine foreign policy
Byzantine military elite
Opis:
The article examines Priscus’s account of the conflict that emerged between the leader of the Roman embassy, Maximinus, and the Hunnic envoy, Berichus. The barbarian got offended by the remarks concerning the lack of competence and influence of Aspar and Areobindus. A detailed analysis of this short passage – entailing the persona of Berichus himself, the reasons for his anger, and the possible explanations for Maximinus’s behaviour – can provide us with evidence regarding the political position of Aspar in the last years of the reign of Theodosius II. Most scholars use this example to illustrate Aspar’s falling out of favour and power; it is more likely, however, that the situation was actually more complex. The political struggle between Chrysaphius, a proponent of the policy of reconciliation with the Huns, and Zeno, the opponent of such policies, makes it far more probable that the government feared that their diplomatic effort might be hijacked by the opposing faction. Therefore, it was political differences – and not the failures in the war of 447 – that were the reason for Aspar’s falling out with the emperor. This would also mean that Zeno and Aspar shared similar views on how to solve the Hunnic problem, which would be the basis for their cooperation, resulting in the overthrowing of Chrysaphius and the crowning of Marcian in 450.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2018, 8; 237-251
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Economic Condition of the Bishopric of Gaza (Palestine) during the Rule of Bishop Porphyry (circa 395–420)
Autorzy:
Milewski, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
early Byzantium
late Roman economy
early Byzantine hagiography
early Byzantine Church
Opis:
The study attempts to determine the economic condition of a small provincial bishopric, namely the church of Gaza (Palestine) during the rule of bishop Porphyry (circa 395–420 AD). All of the information on the subject comes from the Vita Porphyrii by Mark the Deacon – a source whose historical value has often been disputed. Although the information on the wealth of the church in Gaza at the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries is not particularly vast or illuminating, it is nevertheless possible to identify several spheres of economic activity of the Gaza bishopric. These are, among other things, the property owned by the bishopric (real estate), its cash reserves (mostly at the beginning of the 5th century), the endowments of the imperial court (given by emperor Arcadius and his wife, empress Aelia Eudoxia), as well as the charitable activity of the bishopric (especially on the occasion of erecting the Eudoxiane, probably in 407).
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2018, 8; 193-207
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Powstanie Abbasydów i jego następstwa w ujęciu Teofanesa Wyznawcy. Część II
The Abbasid Revolution and its Aftermath in the Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor. Part Two
Autorzy:
Cecota, Błażej Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32319859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Byzantine empire
byzantine-arabic relations
Theophanes the Confessor
Byzantine historiography
Cesarstwo Bizantyńskie
relacje bizantyńsko-arabskie
Teofanes Wyznawca
historiografia bizantyńska
Opis:
W pierwszej części mojego artykułu opisałem, jak Teofanes Wyznawca właściwie odmówił prawa do legitymizacji dynastii abbasydzkiej, uznając prawowierność rządów Umajjadów (według kronikarza władza tych ostatnich pochodziła bezpośrednio od Proroka Muhammada, co oczywiście nie jest do końca prawdą). Chronograf podkreślał, że Abbasydzi wykorzystywali niższe warstwy społeczne do przejęcia władzy, co doprowadziło do stanu anarchii. Jednocześnie zauważył, jak złym władcą był Marwan II. Jak można zrozumieć, z tej trudnej sytuacji nie było dobrego wyjścia, ponieważ obie strony sporu zostały obciążone grzechami prowadzącymi do niesprawiedliwości i nieprawowierności. Potwierdzały to niejako zjawiska nadprzyrodzone, o których historyk wspomniał w kontekście zmiany władzy w państwie muzułmańskim. W drugiej części mojego artykułu opisałem, jak Teofanes próbował zasugerować, że rządy Abbasydów doprowadziły do podziałów religijnych i klasowych. Wspomniałem jak kronikarz opisywał przejawy anarchii, która doprowadziła m.in. do prześladowań chrześcijan. Według mojej interpretacji, opis wojny domowej w kalifacie po śmierci Haruna ar-Raszida jest niemal zwiastunem końca imperium muzułmańskiego.
In the first part of my article, I described how Theophanes the Confessor refused to legitimize the Abbasids, recognizing the legitimacy of Umayyad rule (according to the chronicler, the Umayyad power came directly from the Prophet Muhammad, which is obviously not entirely true). The chronograph emphasized that the Abbasids used the lower classes to seize power, which allowed them to lead to a state of anarchy. At the same time, he noticed how bad a ruler Marwan the Second was. From this difficult situation, as can be understood, there was no good way out, because both sides of the dispute were tainted with sins that led to injustice or unrighteousness. This was confirmed by supernatural phenomena mentioned by historian in the context of the change of power in the Muslim state. In the second part of my paper, I described how Theophanes tried to suggest that the Abbasid rule had led to religious and class divisions in the country. As a chronicler described the manifestations of anarchy that led to the persecution of Christians in Muslim countries. According to my interpretation, the description of the civil war in the caliphate after the death of Harun ar-Rashid in the work of Theophanes the Confessor is almost a harbinger of the end of the Muslim empire.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2023, 30; 7-21
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Powstanie Abbasydów i jego następstwa w ujęciu Teofanesa Wyznawcy. Część I
The Abbasid Revolution and its aftermath in the chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor. Part one
Autorzy:
Cecota, Błażej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32314923.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Byzantine empire
Byzantine-Arabic relations
Theophanes the Confessor
Byzantine historiography
Cesarstwo Bizantyńskie
relacje bizantyńsko-arabskie
Teofanes Wyznawca
historiografia bizantyńska
Opis:
Artykuł jest próbą interpretacji informacji wybranych przez Teofanesa Wyznawcy na temat przejęcia władzy w muzułmańskim kalifacie przez dynastię Abbasydów. W bizantyńskiej debacie naukowej ostatnich dziesięcioleci na temat Chronografii dominował spór o tzw. wschodnie źródła, w szczególności dotyczący Teofila z Edessy i rzekomych źródeł arabskich. W świetle tej bardzo ważnej dyskusji znika jednak kwestia pracy, jaką sam Teofanes Wyznawca (lub zespół współpracujących z nim osób i Jerzy Synkelos, w kontekście doboru materiałów) włożył w tworzenie tej kroniki. Jakie elementy narracji chciał podkreślić, jak ją prowadził, co chciał zasugerować swoim czytelnikom. Zdaniem autora tego tekstu, dobrym przykładem pracy selekcyjnej dokonanej przez Teofanesa są te elementy narracji, które dotyczą powstania i przejęcia władzy przez Abbasydów. Teofanes z pewnością nie był „zwolennikiem” Umajjadów, co widać zwłaszcza w opisie panowania Marwana, ale negatywnie odnosi się do tego, jak Abbasydzi przejęli władzę – kwestionuje ich legitymizację, przedstawiając jako ludzi, którzy pozwolili na rabunki i morderstwa dokonywane przez niższe klasy. Tymi zagadnieniami, a także pewnymi elementami związanymi z możliwymi interpretacjami religijnymi zająłem się w pierwszej, prezentowanej tutaj, części pracy. W drugiej przedstawię elementy narracji Teofanesa, które zdają się sugerować, iż wraz z przejęciem władzy przez Abbasydów widział on pewien zmierzch muzułmańskiego państwa w ogóle.
This article attempts to interpret the messages of Theophanes the Confessor about the seizure of power in the Muslim caliphate by the Abbasid dynasty. The Byzantine studies debate of the last decades about Chronography was dominated by the dispute over the so-called eastern sources of information contained in the Byzantine chronicle. There were numerous suggestions, most notably about Teophilus of Edessa and alleged Arab sources. In view of this very important discussion, however, the issue of the work that Theophanes the Confessor himself (or the team of people who worked with him and George Syncellus in the context of the selection of materials) put into the creation of this chronicle disappears. What elements of the narrative did he want to emphasize, how did he conduct the narrative, what he wanted to suggest to his readers. According to the author of this text, a good example of the selection work performed by Theophanes are those elements of the narrative that concern the rise and takeover of power by the Abbasids. In the first part of this article, I dealt with the circumstances of the Abbasid seizure of power, which was highlighted by the Byzantine chronicler. Theophanes was certainly not an "supporter" of the Umayyads, as seen especially in the description of Marwan's reign, but he is negative about how the Abbasids seized power - considering their legitimacy questionable, presenting them as the people who led to the robberies and murders by the lower classes . I dealt with these issues, as well as some elements related to possible religious interpretations, in the first part of the work, presented here. In the second, I will present elements of Theophanes' narrative, which seem to suggest that with the seizure of power by the Abbasids he saw a certain collapse of the Muslim state.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2022, 29; 55-69
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emperor Basil II and the Awarding of Byzantine Honorific Titles to Bulgarians in the Course of the Conquest of Bulgaria (976–1018)
Autorzy:
Kanev, Nikolay
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682170.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Bulgaria
Byzantium
Emperor Basil II Boulgaroktonos
Byzantine honorific titles
Byzantine rank hierarchy
Opis:
This article examines the question about the policy of honouring members of the Bulgarian imperial family and Bulgarian aristocracy with Byzantine honorific titles pursued by Emperor Basil II Boulgaroktonos (976–1025) in the course of the conquest of Bulgaria. It outlines the scale of this policy of Basil II – its goals and the reasons for adopting it. A review of the place and the importance of the particular titles in the rank hierarchy of Byzantium is presented. The comparison with other regions and cases of conferring Byzantine honorific titles clearly shows how crucially important the conquest of Bulgaria was: it is evident from the concessions the Emperor was ready to make to the Bulgarian ruling elite.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2019, 9; 455-473
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prolegomena to the Christian Images Not Made by Human Hands
Autorzy:
Gogola, Matej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Byzantine spiritual culture
Byzantine history
images not made by human hands
acheiropoietai
Opis:
Images not made by human hands (acheiropoietai, Gr. ἀχειροποίηταιι) played a significant role in Byzantine spiritual culture and history. This paper discusses the emergence and rise of the acheiropoietai, which represented a most important and unusual element in the Byzantine Empire. The author analyses the chronological ancestors of Christian images not made by human hands, i.e. the so-called diipetes (Gr. Διιπετής), and proceeds to demonstrate the disagreements on the topic among some of the Christian Church Fathers. The imagines imperiales, i.e. effigies of Roman emperors, constituted a significant factor in the process leading to the later veneration of images not made by human hands. The most famous of the latter is the image from Edessa, also known in historiography as Mandylion of Edessa.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2018, 8; 121-137
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Money in “Historia monachorum in Aegypto”
Autorzy:
Milewski, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
early Byzantine hagiography and monasticism
early Byzantine economy
money in hagiographic texts
digits and numbers in early Byzantine hagiographic texts
Opis:
The text discusses the accounts of money in Historia monachorum in Aegypto. There are not many of them and, in addition, they are quite succinct. The first illustrates the face of early Byzantine fiscalism, the difficulty of paying taxes, and the resulting sanctions for the insolvent debtor and his family members. The next, equally laconic, shows the nature of the business of a merchant trading his goods from Thebaid to Alexandria. The remaining analyzed information is comprised of isolated and very brief references to the issue of money in other spheres of everyday life. Historia monachorum, an important text for studying the early history of Egyptian monasticism, unfortunately, does not constitute a valuable source of information about money and the history of the economy of early Byzantium.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2021, 11; 653-662
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 247

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