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Wyszukujesz frazę "Business cycle" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
A systematic literature review on business cycle approaches: Measurement, nature, duration
Autorzy:
Pu, Zhongmin
Fan, Xuecheng
Xu, Zeshui
Skare, Marinko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19908376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
business cycle
business cycle approach
business cycle model
business cycle measurement
literature review
Opis:
Research background: The business cycle (BC) approaches have found extensive use in economic analysis and forecasting. Especially in the last 40 years, various modern BC models have been proposed and have experienced rapid development. However, there are no recent studies that provide a systematic review of the publications on this topic. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to comprehensively review publications of BC approaches based on the cause, nature and methods of measurement BC, with the goal of identifying the current research states, research gaps and future trends of BC approaches. Methods: A systematic literature review of BC approaches is conducted by qualitatively introducing the cause and the nature of BCs and quantitatively analyzing the methods of measurement BCs.  We selected 206 articles related to BC approaches from the WoS Core Collection and Google Scholar database, spanning the years 1946 to 2022, for comprehensive statistical and content analysis. The statistical analysis presents the distribution of publication years, the most popular journals and the highly cited publications. The content analysis classifies the selected publications into 6 categories based on methods of measurement BCs, and the theory, technique and applications of each category are analyzed in detail. Findings & value added: The analysis results indicate that BC approaches have progressively evolved in sophistication and have found widespread application in decomposing trends within economic time series, quantifying the nature of business cycles, and elucidating the causes and transmission mechanisms underlying them. This review paper provides current states, research challenges and future directions in effectively employing BC approaches for empirical study.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2023, 14, 3; 935-976
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyclical or countercyclical nature of prices and wages in the euro area
Autorzy:
Misztal, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522364.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Business cycle
Prices
Wages
Opis:
Aim/purpose –The aim of the undertaken research is to analyse the interdependencies between cyclical changes in consumer prices, production prices, wages and production in the euro area in the period Q1.2010-Q3.2017. Methodology –A literature review in the field ofmacroeconomics and international finance and statistical and econometric methods were used in this study.Findings –The hypothesis that prices on the market follow the changes in the business cycle is a central aspect in research on business cycles. The results of the conducted research suggest no occurrence of the cyclical phenomenon of consumer prices, producer prices and wages in the examined period of time. Research implications–The findings of the research are extremely important especial-ly from the European Central Bank monetary policy point of view. The lack of cyclical changes in inflation, production prices and wages can lead to asymmetric monetary policy reaction to fluctuations in economic activity.Originality –To date, no comprehensive research has been conducted into the phenomenon of price and wage cyclicality in the euro area. Therefore, this research fills the existing gap in this area, constituting a significant contribution to empirical research in the field of price cyclicality.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2020, 41; 25-46
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie modelu realnego cyklu koniunkturalnego Hansena do gospodarki Polski
The Hansen Real Business Cycle Model and Its Application in the Polish Economy
Autorzy:
Kuchta, Zbigniew
Piłat, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574539.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-12-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
real business cycle model
business cycle fluctuations
indivisible labor
log-linearized equation
calibration
Opis:
The paper analyzes the so-called real business cycle model developed by American economist Gary D. Hansen. The model is expanded to include an indivisible labor mechanism. The aim is to check the model in terms of its accuracy in explaining business cycle fluctuations in Poland. The first part of the article discusses the assumptions and structure of the model. The authors define a state of stationary equilibrium and the final form of the model-a system of log-linearized equations. In the second part of the paper, the authors calibrate the structural parameters and conduct an empirical analysis of the Hansen model, beginning with the characteristics of the variables used in the study and the value of the model’s parameters. The model is solved and the reactions of individual variables to a technological shock are analyzed. The coefficients of correlation and the deviations of standard simulated and real variables show that the model correctly reflects the direction and strength of the relationships between the variables, the authors say. Positive correlations were obtained between all the simulated variables, in the same way as in the case of actual data. At the same time, in the case of simulated data, much higher correlations were obtained between capital and consumption and between technological changes and labor than in the case of actual data. As part of the study, an analysis was also conducted of the reactions of variables to a technological shock introduced to the model on an impulse basis. The strongest reaction to the shock was recorded in the case of labor supply and production. Moreover, in the same way as for actual data, the authors found that the fluctuations of consumption are much weaker than the fluctuations of production. This stems from the fact that households tend to smooth out consumption over time, Kuchta and Piłat say. The obtained results confirm that the dynamism of the Hansen real business cycle model, despite its simplicity, relatively accurately reflects the changes in Poland’s key macroeconomic variables.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2010, 244, 11-12; 19-39
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of Business Cycles on the Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Poland
Autorzy:
Warżała, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
business cycle
Opis:
The core of this article is to study the impact of the last world economic crisis and world foreign direct investment fluctuations in the same period. The empirical study was based on data published by UNCTAD in annual reports, called World Investment Report. The research concerning the Polish economy was based on data of Polish National Bank. For measuring the relation between studied phenomena, the analysis of correlation was used, as well as the structure rate and the rate of growth. For the evolution of GDP fluctuations in Poland in the years 1990-2012, both the method of statistical analysis and the descriptive method were used. In the latest World Investment Report (WIR 2012) one can find the current world financial crisis involved in the drop of foreign direct investment flows. That was characteristic for the Polish economy, too. The main reasons for that are the descending investment capability of corporations, because of poorer profits level and higher costs of bank credits. The important argument for corporation investment slump is that the prospects of world economic growth are unfavourable.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 2; 25-39
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wrażliwość dochodów jednostek samorządu terytorialnego na wahania cyklu koniunkturalnego
Autorzy:
Walasik, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
business cycle, local government revenues
Opis:
The paper focuses on the concept of distribution of cyclical driven risk amongcentral and local governments. Elasticity and stabilization revenues are theoreticallyas well as empirically examined. The correlation between business cycle andfiscal efficiency of main sources of local government revenues were also studiedand the results are discussed. Own revenues, general purpose and specific purposegrants-in-aid are separately studied in detail.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2015, 3, 4; 145-156
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ARE THERE TWO TYPES OF BUSINESS CYCLES? A NOTE ON CRISIS DETECTION
Autorzy:
Pater, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
business cycle
growth cycle
classical cycle
unobserved components
Opis:
Business cycles are highly irregular fluctuations in economic activity. This article attempts to determine whether there are some properties of business cycles that can make them look more regular. This is done by analysing business cycle dynamics, especially by employing and adjusting to contemporary business cycle analysis the theories of growth cycles and classical cycles. The non-homogeneity of business cycles is surveyed in theory and practice with use of ad hoc filtering, spectral analysis and unobserved components models. With their use business cycles are extracted. Several macroeconomic indicators for 32 economies are analysed to draw up additional characteristics of contemporary business cycles. The author proposes that fluctuations in economic activity lasting 8-19 quarters should be called ‘growth cycles’ and those lasting 20-40 quarters – ‘classical cycles’. The value added of this article is the consideration of the two different type of cycles in light of the same methods of extraction, while to date they have been thought of as the ones that can be analysed with use of different methods of extraction. Another innovation is comparison of the cyclicality of different macroeconomic indicators from the point of view of the two types of cycles, while to date they have been analysed in the light of a single business cycle. In the article it is shown that dividing business cycles into such defined classical cycles and growth cycles enables us to understand the differences between the cyclicality of various macroeconomic aggregates and countries. It also enables us to distinguish between smaller downturns and severe recessions. Another conclusion is that the duration of contemporary business cycles around the world closes in a range of 2 to 10 years.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2014, 10, 3; 11-28
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Do institutional and political factors matter for the efficiency of banking sectors?
Autorzy:
Olszak, Małgorzata Anna
Chodnicka, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2054545.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-05-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
banking sector
efficiency
business cycle
risk
Opis:
This paper investigates the relevance of banking- sector- specific and macroeconomic determinants of profitability of 21 banking sectors over the years 1995-2009. In the analysis we apply the Arellano and Bond GMM-estimator to aggregated data collected in a harmonized way by the OECD, to find out whether banking-sector-specific and macroeconomic determinants which significantly affect the efficiency of individual banks, are also of great importance to the profitability (proxied by ROA and ROE ratios) of banking sectors. Our results suggest that banking-sector-specific determinants affect the efficiency of banks in the anticipated way. Macroeconomic variables have a statistically-significant impact on both ROA and ROE. The sensitivity of efficiency to both groups of determinants depends on institutional and political criteria.
Źródło:
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics; 2014, 1(1); 40-58
2353-6845
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Specialization and business cycles fluctuations of Polish regions
Autorzy:
Warżała, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/108332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
region
business cycle
specialization
economic structure
Opis:
The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between the cyclical fluctuations in Poland on a regional perspective and the level of specialization of regional economies. To do this, the correlation between the morphology features of regional business cycles and the level of their specialization was made. The morphology features were represented by such parameters: cycle length, phase length, standard deviation ratio, coefficient of variation ratio and average amplitude of upward and downward phases. The evolution of economic structures was measured by the Krugman specialization index. Assessing the GDP cyclical fluctuations in the Polish regions during 1996–2013, it can be concluded that the regions have different sensitivity to economy “shocks,” both positive and negative. The results of the regional specialization measuring are ambiguous. Most of them appear falling specialization, and the others show stable specialization levels. Despite a few exceptions, a correlation between the level of regional specialization and the degree of sensitivity to economic disturbances can be observed. Regions that are less specialized and have more-diversified production structures show greater resistance to economic fluctuations. This is confirmed by the analysis of the morphology of cycles on a regional basis.
Źródło:
Managerial Economics; 2015, 16, 2; 175-188
1898-1143
Pojawia się w:
Managerial Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The UK business cycle and the structure of the economy
Autorzy:
Pater, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/500330.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
business cycle
economy structure
sectoral cycle
sectoral comovement
Opis:
It is widely known that various sectors of an economy may react differently to the business cycle, and, on the other hand, it may be affected by sector specific shocks. Not much light has been shed so far on the impact of the business cycle on the structure of an economy, and vice versa. This study models and empirically tests the relationship, using data on the United Kingdom economy, 1963Q1-2011Q4. The structure of the economy is analyzed taking into account gross value added and employment in NACE Rev1.1 sections (6-branch division). Gross value added is additionally analyzed from the expenditure point of view. The unobserved component model and SVAR/SVEC models are used. The business cycle is found to influence and be influenced by the structure of the economy. Some effects may persist longer than one cycle, affecting the long-run path of the economy.
Źródło:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH; 2015, 97: Economic cycles and uncertainty; 67-93
0866-9503
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wahania koniunkturalne w województwie lubelskim
Business Cycle Fluctuations in Poland’s Lublin Region
Autorzy:
Kowerski, Mieczysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-08-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
Lublin region
business cycle
business sentiment
slowdown
recession
Opis:
The paper examines business cycles in Poland’s Lublin province using quarterly business sentiment indicators calculated since the second quarter of 2001. Both composite and sector indicators are calculated on the basis of the results of quarterly surveys covering 320 companies and 350 households. Sector indicators are calculated as weighted arithmetic means of respondents’ assessment of their current condition and forecasts for the next quarter. Composite indicators are weighted averages of sector indicators, with the shares of individual sectors in gross value added generated in the province used as weights. Industry and construction in Lublin province began to slow down in the second quarter of 2007, according to Kowerski. By now the slowdown in these sectors has become evident. The slump in the service sector began in the first quarter of 2008, and consumers felt the downturn in the second quarter of 2008. The retail sector has yet to experience a downturn, according to Kowerski. The composite indicator of business sentiment began to deteriorate markedly in the second quarter of 2008. The research shows that the economy of the Lublin region began to slow down in the first half of 2008, though it is unclear if this trend can be called a recession, the author says.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2009, 233, 7-8; 93-106
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stylised Facts about Cyclical Fluctuations of Business Survey Data
Autorzy:
Adamowicz, Elżbieta
Walczyk, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/500658.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-09-01
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
business cycles
qualitative business cycle indicators
leading indicators
Opis:
The paper discusses cyclical fluctuations of business activity in selected sectors of the Polish economy, with the use of business confidence indicators. We analyse main morphological features of the cyclical fluctuations: phase duration, timing of turning points, amplitudes, intensity and leads/lags of qualitative indicators in reference to GDP, and cross correlations. Four sectors of the economy are analysed: manufacturing, construction, motor transport and retail trade. We make an insight into empirical regularities of cyclical fluctuations, known as stylised facts. We particularly aim to examine the following stylised facts about business cycles in Poland, ie (1) whether manufacturing contributes the highest to a business cycle, (2) construction and transport are leading sectors of the economy, and (3) retail sales stabilise general business activity.
Źródło:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH; 2013, 93: Expectations and Forecasting; 123-142
0866-9503
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka pieniężna a polityczny cykl koniunkturalny
Monetary Policy versus Political Economic Cycle
Autorzy:
Pacześ, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/500348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
polityka gospodarcza
polityka pieniężna
cykl koniunkturalny
polityczny cykl koniunkturalny
economic policy
monetary policy
business cycle
political business cycle
Opis:
W literaturze istnieje wiele teorii wyjaśniających występowanie cyklu koniunkturalnego czynnikami politycznymi. W ich ramach zakłada się, iż politycy przy wykorzystaniu narzędzi polityki makroekonomicznej próbują oddziaływać na gospodarkę. Do takich instrumentów część badaczy zalicza m.in. politykę pieniężną banku centralnego. Niniejsze opracowanie stanowi próbę analizy polityki pieniężnej z perspektywy politycznego cyklu koniunkturalnego. Formułując hipotezę o możliwości wykorzystywania przez bank centralny instrumentów dyskrecjonalnych implikujących powstawanie w gospodarce fluktuacji o charakterze politycznym, autor dokonał przeglądu teorii polityki pieniężnej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej aspektów instytucjonalnych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono również niezależności banku centralnego. W oparciu o analizę wyników badań empirycznych dotyczących możliwości wykorzystania podstawowych instrumentów polityki pieniężnej, takich jak stopy procentowe, podaż pieniądza oraz interwencje na rynku walutowym w mechanizmie kreacji cyklu, podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy polityka pieniężna może stanowić podstawę działań sprawczych w zakresie politycznie motywowanych fluktuacji gospodarczych. Przeprowadzone rozważania nie dały jednak pełnej odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy banki centralne mogą być źródłem fluktuacji o charakterze politycznym. Nie udało się wykazać, iż zaobserwowane zmiany krótkookresowych stóp procentowych, wielkości agregatów pieniężnych czy kursu walutowego są spowodowane wyłącznie działaniem władz monetarnych. Z analizy badań empirycznych wynika jednak, że wahania w cyklach zbliżonych do cykli wyborczych rzeczywiście istnieją.
Literature provides many theories explaining the existence of business situation by means of political factors. The theories assume that politicians attempt to influence economy making use of macroeconomic policy instruments. Among others monetary policy of the central back is considered such an instrument by many researches. This paper is aiming at an attempted analysis of monetary policy from the perspective of political economic cycle. Putting forward a hypothesis of a possibility of the central bank’s using discretion instruments inducing fluctuations of political nature in economy, the author has reviewed the monetary policy theory, notably focusing on its institutional aspects. Special consideration has been also given to independence of the central bank. Basing on the empirical research findings regarding potential use of monetary policy instruments such as interest rate, money supply and intervention in foreign exchange market in the mechanism of business cycle creation, the author tries to address a question whether monetary policy might induce measures to be taken within politically motivated economic fluctuations. The study contacted has failed to fully address the question whether central banks might be a source of fluctuation of politic nature. It has turned out impossible to prove that the observed changes to short-term interest rate, size of currency aggregates or exchange rate are caused by monetary authority measures only. the analysis of empirical research proves, however, that fluctuations in cycles which time proximity to election cycles do really exist.
Źródło:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH; 2010, 83: Polityka gospodarcza: wyzwania, dylematy, priorytety; 71-97
0866-9503
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Decyzje polityczne a cykl koniunkturalny w państwach inicjatywy wyszehradzkiej
Political Decisions and Business Cycle in the Visegrad Group Countries
Autorzy:
Pacześ, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/500450.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
polityczny cykl koniunkturalny
cykl polityczny
cykl wyborczy
deficyt budżetowy
cykl koniunkturalny
political business cycle
political cycle
election cycle
budget deficit
business cycle
Opis:
Celem opracowania jest przegląd wybranych badań empirycznych mających na celu stwierdzenie, czy dla państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej można zaobserwować statystycznie istotną relację pomiędzy agregatami makroekonomicznymi a cyklem zmiany rządów. Stwierdzenie, czy i w jaki sposób czynniki polityczne wpływają w szczególności na zadłużenie państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej może być istotne w obliczu kryzysu zadłużenia, z jakim w ostatnim czasie zmaga się Unia Europejska. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują, że w przypadku państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej cykl polityczny może przyczyniać się do zadłużenia gospodarek.
The aim of this paper is to review selected empirical studies aimed at determining whether in the Visegrad Group countries can be observed a statistically significant relationship between macroeconomic aggregates and the cycle of government change. Information whether and how political factors particularly affect the debts of the Visegrad Group may be relevant in the face of the debt crisis which the European Union recently struggles with. The study indicates that in the case of the Visegrad Group, the political business cycle may contribute to the national economies’ indebtness.
Źródło:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH; 2015, 95 :Podejście krótkookresowe i strategiczne w polityce gospodarczej; 75-92
0866-9503
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityczny cykl koniunkturalny w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej
Political Business Cycle in Central and Eastern Europe Abstract
Autorzy:
Pacześ, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/500390.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
polityczny cykl koniunkturalny,
cykl koniunkturalny
teoria cyklu
cykl polityczny
gospodarka
polityka.
political business cycle
business cycle
the cycle theory
political cycle
economy
politics
Opis:
Celem opracowania jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy polityka fiskalna wybranych państw Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej w okresie poprzedzającym akcesję do UE wykazywała symptomy oddziaływania czynników o charakterze politycznym. Autor zwraca uwagę na rozbieżności w zakresie prowadzonej polityki fiskalnej w okresie poprzedzającym akcesję do UE pomiędzy mniejszymi a większymi państwami Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. W szczególności podejmuje próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy jednym z czynników mających wpływ na wysoki poziomu nierównowagi w zakresie finansów publicznych, spowodowanej ekspansywną polityką fiskalną w Polsce, Czechach i na Węgrzech w latach poprzedzających akcesję do UE, mógł być kalendarz wyborczy. Doświadczenia wybranych państw Europy Środkowo- Wschodniej wskazują, iż czynniki polityczne mogły odegrać rolę w kształtowaniu się deficytu budżetowego. Jednocześnie pokazują, iż problematyka politycznego cyklu koniunkturalnego jest aktualna również w UE. Choć na podstawie przeprowadzonych rozważań stwierdzono, iż relacja średniego deficytu budżetowego w Polsce, w Czechach i na Węgrzech w okresach wyborczych i przedwyborczych przypomina relację charakterystyczną dla państw o dojrzałych tradycjach demokratycznych, gdzie zgodnie z teorią ryzyko oportunistycznych zachowań sprawujących władzę polityków powinno być niższe, wydaje się, że w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej czynniki polityczne mogą mieć wpływ na procesy ekonomiczne również w czasach dzisiejszych.
The objective of the research paper is to address the question whether fiscal policy of selected central and Eastern Europe’s countries within the time preceding their accession to the EU showed symptoms of influence exerted by factors of political nature. The author points to discrepancies of the fiscal policy pursued in the preaccession time by smaller and larger states of CEE. Notably he tries to answer the question whether elections schedule might have been one of the factors influencing the high level of imbalance in public finance caused by the expansive fiscal policy in Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. The experience of the selected Central and Eastern European countries proves the political factors might have played a role in the occurrence of the budgetary deficit. Simultaneously their experience shows that the issue of political business cycle is characteristic for the EU as well. Although on the basis of the research it has been found out that relation of median budget deficit in Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary in election and pre-election time resembles the one typical for the states with deeply-rooted democratic traditions where, theoretically, the risk of opportunist behaviour of ruling politicians should be lower, it seems that in CEE political factors might influence economic process these days as well.
Źródło:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH; 2012, 88: Pomiędzy polityką stabilizacyjną i polityką rozwoju; 119-139
0866-9503
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
DETERMINANTS OF LEVERAGE AND LIQUIDITY AND BANK SIZE – CROSS-COUNTRY STUDY
Autorzy:
Olszak, Małgorzata
Kowalska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485461.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Bankowy Fundusz Gwarancyjny
Tematy:
leverage
liquidity
funding risk
business cycle
bank size
Opis:
This paper aims to identify the role of bank size for the sensitivity of leverage and liquidity funding risk to their determinants (both bank-specific and macroeconomic). Applying the two-step robust GMM estimator to individual bank data from over 60 countries covering the period 2000–2011 our study shows that increases in previous period funding liquidity risk are associated with increases in leverage in the full sample and in large banks, but not in other banks. The liquidity of large banks tends also to increase with leverage levels. With reference to the impact of macroeconomic conditions on leverage of banks we find that leverage of large banks is the most procyclical during a crisis period. Liquidity risk is procyclical during non-crisis periods. However, during a crisis period this liquidity risk is countercyclical, consistent with the view that even slight improvements in macroeconomic environment do not stimulate banks to increase their exposure to this risk. Such effect is particularly strong in the case of large banks. Generally, such counter-cyclicality of liquidity risk of large banks may result in weaker access to the bank financing necessary to stimulate investments in the real economy during a crisis period. This may have further negative consequences for the real economy, generating an extended period of sluggish economic growth.
Źródło:
Bezpieczny Bank; 2016, 4 (65); 27-59
1429-2939
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczny Bank
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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