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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Concerning the Shock Sensitivities of Certain Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Attractive Cyclic Nitramines
    Autorzy:
    Zeman, S.
    Elbeih, A. E.
    Hussein, A.
    Elshenawy, T.
    Pelikán, V.
    Yan, Q-L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    nitramines
    gap test
    PBX
    sensitivity
    performance
    Opis:
    Plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) based on ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (ε-HNIW), 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX), β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (β-HMX) and cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitro-octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (BCHMX) were prepared using a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as a binder (HTPB) and cured with hexamethylene di-isocyanate (HMDI). Recently published data for analogous PBXs with a polyisobutylene binder (i.e. a C4 matrix) are also included. All of these PBXs were tested using the Small Scale Water Gap Test according to STANAG 4490, the results of which are directly proportional to the impact and friction sensitivities of the PBXs studied. Reciprocal ratios between the shock sensitivity of these PBXs and their performance were found using the volume heat of explosion as a variable; a semi-logarithmic analogue, using a representative of the detonation pressure (product ρD2) as a variable, has shown an opposite trend for three of these PBXs. A semi-logarithmic relationship between the shock sensitivity of the PBXs and the impact sensitivity of their pure nitramine fillers has confirmed the higher shock reactivity of the C4 PBXs filled with both technical ε-HNIW and RS-ε-HNIW, while for the HTPB PBXs filled with technical grade ε-HNIW, the shock sensitivity found was as expected. The shape and size of the particles should not be a reason for the increased resistance to shock of HMX-C4.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 4; 775-787
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent advances in the study of the initiation of energetic materials rusing characteristics of their thermal decomposition. Part I, Cyclic nitramines
    Autorzy:
    Zeman, S.
    Yan, Q.-L.
    Vlček, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358411.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    arrhenius parameters
    detonation velocity
    explosives
    initiation
    manometric method
    nitramines
    Opis:
    Arrhenius parameters, Ea and log A, of 17 cyclic nitramines, derived from the Russian vacuum manometric method (SMM) and compatible thermoanalytical methods, have been used in this study. The detonation velocity, D, at maximum theoretical crystal density, of the nitramines in this study was taken as a characteristic of their detonation. On the basis of known relationships between their Ea and D2 values (modified Evans-Polanyi-Semenov equation), the specific influence of some physicochemical properties on their thermal decomposition was shown. A new logarithmic relationship was found between the rate constant k, of the unimolecular thermal decomposition of the nitramines studied at 230 °C, and their D values. A fundamental characteristic of this new relationship rests on the equivalency of the primary fission processes in the low-temperature thermal decomposition and on the detonation initiation of the nitramines under study. Both these relationships confirm the problems encountered in the kinetic specification of the thermal decomposition of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12hexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW, CL-20) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX). These problems, and also the possible influence of the pre-decomposition states on the thermal decomposition of the nitramines studied, are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 2; 173-189
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent Advances in the Study of the Initiation of Energetic Materials Using the Characteristics of Their Thermal Decomposition Part II. Using Simple Differential Thermal Analysis
    Autorzy:
    Zeman, S.
    Yan, Q.-L.
    Elbeih, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358712.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    activation energy
    detonation velocity
    DTA
    explosives
    initiation
    nitramines
    PBX
    thermal decomposition
    Opis:
    Simple Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), with evaluation of its output by the Kissinger method, was used in the case of emulsion explosives and, as an advanced application, for several plastic bonded explosives (PBXs). In both of these kinds of explosive the square of their detonation velocities, D2, is used as their performance characteristic. A relationship between the slope of the Kissinger equation, EaT-1, and the D2 values makes it possible to formulate a possible mechanism for the initiation of emulsion explosives. Regarding PBXs, it would seem possible to postulate a change in the detonation chemistry of plastic bonded nitramines, depending on the pressure and temperature in the zone of the detonation wave, particularly in the case of CL-20 fillers. Binders with aromatic building units in their macromolecular structure seem to be less-favoured in terms of their thermal reactivity and performance than the final PBXs. These findings document the advantages of the above-mentioned application of simple DTA.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 3; 395-404
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of Polymeric Binders on the RDX-based Explosive Response Character under Slow Cook-off Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Yan, X.
    Li, X. D.
    Zhang, Y. R.
    Liu, L.
    Zhang, X. M.
    Tan, Y. X.
    Wang, H.
    Wang, X. Q.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358419.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    RDX-based explosive
    slow cook-off experiment
    binder content
    binder type
    Opis:
    Due to safety requirements, insensitive behaviour under slow thermal heating (cook-off) conditions is a desirable behaviour for today’s munitions. In this paper a cook-off device is designed to test two groups of RDX-based PBX explosives. In the first group the binder type was varied and in the second group the binder content of the RDX-based explosive was changed. Eleven samples were examined in order to evaluate the influence of four different binders and seven different binder contents on the shell deformation and the degree of the involved reaction. The test results showed that the degree of the reaction can be improved by changing the binder content, but not by the binder type. This phenomenon was explained by the thermal-conduction theory.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 339-350
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fabrication of Nano- and Micron- Sized Spheres of CL-20 by Electrospray
    Autorzy:
    Yan, S.
    Li, M.
    Sun, L.
    Jiao, Q.
    Huang, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    energetic materials
    explosives
    CL-20
    electrospray
    spherical particles
    Opis:
    The application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) in energetic materials will be expanded by its use as superfine particles. A method of fabricating nano- and micron-sized spheres of CL-20 by using electrospray is discussed. The effects of the precursor solution and the experimental conditions on the morphology and the crystal phase of the CL-20 particles are introduced. A variety of solvents was used to dissolve raw CL-20 for the preparation of the precursor solution with different CL-20 contents. The conductivity and viscosity of the precursor solutions were tested before the electrospray process. The electrostatic parameters were adjusted by changing the voltage and the distance between the nozzle and the plate. The morphology, crystal phase, mechanical sensitivity, density, and thermal stability of the raw CL-20 and the as-sprayed CL-20 samples were determined using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Furthermore, the density and the mechanical sensitivity were tested for the raw and the as-sprayed CL-20. DSC tests were conducted to compare the thermal stability and reactivity of the samples.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 4; 572-589
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some Relationships Among Thermal Properties, Detonation Parameters and Sensitivity of Nitramine Fillers in Formex Based PBXs
    Autorzy:
    Yan, Q. L.
    Zeman, S.
    Elbeih, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/403903.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
    Tematy:
    explosives
    PBXs
    detonation parameters
    Opis:
    Thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of formex-bonded on some attractive cyclic nitramines (BCHMX, HMX, RDX and CL-20) were investigated by means of nonisothermal Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Besides, their detonation parameters have been calculated by EXPLO 5 code. It was found that the effect of formex polymer base on thermal decomposition of HMX is different from other cyclic nitramines, namely, the formex base could increase the activation energy of HMX while decrease that of others. Besides, the logarithm of volume heat of detonation for formex based explosives is linearly dependent on their time constant of initiation. Furthermore, on one hand, except for RDX, the heat of detonation decreases with the increase of activation energy, and the spark energy and impact energy of cyclic nitramine fillers decreases with the increase of the critical temperature of their PBXs. On the other hand, except for HMX, the rate constant of PBXs is linearly dependent on the impact sensitivity of their pure nitramine fillers.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa; 2013, 4, 2 (12); 7-17
    2081-5891
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Influence of the Semtex Matrix on the Thermal Behavior and Decomposition Kinetics of Cyclic Nitramines
    Autorzy:
    Yan, Q. L.
    Zeman, S.
    Elbeih, A.
    Zbyněk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357984.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    cyclic nitramines
    thermal decomposition
    activation energy
    Semtex
    PBX
    Opis:
    The thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of Semtex 10 polymeric matrix (Semtex) bonded PBXs containing RDX (1,3,5-trinitro 1,3,5-triazinane), HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane), BCHMX (cis-1,3,4,6tetranitrooctahydroimidazo [4,5-d] imidazole), HNIW (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane) have been investigated by means of nonisothermal TG and DSC techniques. It is shown that only a single decomposition process occurs for RDX-SE and HMX-SE whilst an obvious two-step process occurs for CL-20-SE and BCHMX-SE. The onset of the exotherms were observed at 210.6, 239.7, 279.2 and 229.4 °C with the peak maxima at 232.2, 249.4, 280.4 and 240.2 °C, and energy changes of 1808, 2140, 612 and 1757 J·g-1 for RDX-SE, BCHMX-SE, HMX-SE and CL-20-SE, respectively. It has been found that the Semtex matrix has little influence on the activation energy distribution for RDX, BCHMX and ε-CL-20. The activation energies for BCHMX-SE and CL-20-SE decomposition are almost independent of the degree of conversion, with mean values of 159.6 ±1.9 and 187.3 ±1.8 kJ·mol-1. It has been proved that Semtex and Viton A are better binders than C4 and Formex for ε-CL-20 and RDX based PBXs in terms of their greater thermal stability, and Formex is a poor binder for BCHMX.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 4; 509-528
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Colloidal crystal cladded microfiber for refractive index sensing
    Autorzy:
    Yan, H. T.
    Zhao, X Y
    Zhang, Ch.
    Zhen, Z Q
    Li, Q Z
    Cao, J X
    Xia, L X
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174902.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    microfibers
    colloidal crystals
    refractive index sensing
    Opis:
    We investigate the evanescent field of a microfiber wrapped by colloidal crystals. The microfiber has the diameter of about 1 μm that is drawn from a single-mode fiber with an alcohol lamp. The colloidal spheres are further attached to the microfiber through thermal evaporation, then they self-assemble to crystal-like structures. The 400 nm, 590 nm, and 710 nm-diameter SiO2 colloidal spheres are used, respectively. The spectral responses are studied theoretically and experimentally, and the results agree with each other. It is revealed that the evanescent field of a microfiber could be modulated by the photonic band-gap of colloidal crystals. This characteristic is very useful in refractive index sensing for liquids.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2014, 44, 2; 309-315
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Flotation kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of chalcopyrite and pyrite in high alkaline systems
    Autorzy:
    Yan, H.
    Yuan, Q.
    Zhou, L.
    Qiu, T.
    Ai, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110078.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    flotation kinetics
    pyrite
    chalcopyrite
    flotation separation
    high alkaline
    microcalorimetry
    Opis:
    The monomineral flotation test and microcalorimetry were used to study the flotation kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of chalcopyrite and pyrite in high alkaline systems of lime and NaOH. The results showed that in these systems there were less hydrophilic substances on the chalcopyrite surface, so that the apparent activation energy of sodium butyl xanthate (SBX) adsorption on chalcopyrite surface was low. This promoted the adsorption of SBX and increased the flotation rate and recovery of chalcopyrite. In contrast, the hydrophilic Fe(OH)3 and SO42- formed by oxidation on the pyrite surface increased the adsorption activation energy of SBX. Thus, the flotation rate and recovery of pyrite were lower. Moreover, in the lime high alkaline system, the hydrophilic calcium film generated on the pyrite surface further hindered the adsorption of SBX, thereby further inhibiting pyrite in this environment. In other words, the lime high alkaline environment increased the apparent activation energy difference of SBX adsorption between chalcopyrite and pyrite compared to the NaOH system, facilitating the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite. The results can help with the theoretical research of flotation separation of other minerals, and provide guidance for developing low alkaline and lime-free pyrite depressants.
    Źródło:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 901-910
    1643-1049
    2084-4735
    Pojawia się w:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of thickness of topsoil and nutrients on wheat yield at reclaimed deposited fly ash soils in the mining area of Huainan city
    Wpływ grubości warstwy ornej gleby oraz zawartej w niej pożywce oraz popiołów lotnych z rejonu górniczego Huainan city mineralnej na plony pszenicy
    Autorzy:
    Xi, W.
    Yan, J. P.
    Xu, L. J.
    Xu, G. Q.
    Makowsky, L.
    Marx, B.
    Weiss, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348686.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    podłoże
    warstwa glebowa
    rekultywacja terenu
    substrate
    reclaimed land
    topsoil
    Opis:
    Coal mining is the dominating industry in the study area of Huainan (Province Anhui, China). As a consequence, subsidence of the surface takes place reaching up to 21 m. It is predicted that nearly 7.700 km2 will be affected until the end of coal mining activity. As a countermeasure, reclamation is done by depositing coal mining waste or fly ash. These substrates are covered with topsoil for agricultural use. The aim of this study is the relationship of the pH value, nutrients supply and water balance and other index between thickness of topsoil, in order to achieve sustainable and economic application of the reclaimed land.
    W niniejszej pracy badano wpływ na środowiska przemysłowej Huainan (Prowincja Anhui, Chiny). Wykazano, że na tym obszarze subsydencja powierzchni sięga do 21 m. Oszacowano, że blisko 7700 km2 powierzchni zostanie dotknięte działalnością górniczą, dopóki prace górnicze nie zostaną wstrzymane. Aby zapobiec temu stanowi rzeczy, wykonuje się prace rekultywacyjne polegające na składowaniu odpadów górniczych oraz popiołów lotnych. Tę warstwę pokrywa się warstwą gleby ornej celem umożliwienia na tym terenie wprowadzenia upraw rolnych. Celem niniejszej pracy było ustalenia związku pomiędzy wartością pH value, a dostarczaniem nawozów sztucznych do gleby, jak również określenie bilansu wodnego potrzebnego do wykonania rekultywacji terenu.
    Źródło:
    AGH Journal of Mining and Geoengineering; 2012, 36, 3; 415-421
    1732-6702
    Pojawia się w:
    AGH Journal of Mining and Geoengineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unravelling the Effect of Anthraquinone Metal Salts as Wide-range Plateau Catalysts to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Propellants
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Y.
    Yan, Q.-L.
    An, T.
    Chen, B.
    Ji, Y.-P.
    Wang, W.
    Zhao, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358042.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    solid propellants
    burning rate catalysts
    anthraquinone metal salts
    wide-range plateau combustion
    Opis:
    Novel lead and copper salts based on anthraquinone, including 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone,1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone and 1,8-dihydroxy-4,5-dinitroanthraquinone, were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The catalytic effects of these compounds on the decomposition of nitrocellulose (NC) and on the combustion properties of double-base (DB) and composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellants were comprehensively investigated. The results demonstrated that the burning rate is significantly increased (by 200%) in the lower pressure range (2-6 MPa) as compared to the control systems without added anthraquinone-based salts. Concurrently, the pressure exponents (n) were obviously lower, exhibiting a “wide-range plateau” combustion phenomenon in the middle-pressure region. Specifically, for the DB propellants such a plateau region extended from 10 MPa to 16 MPa for n equal to 0.10, from 10 MPa to 18 MPa for n equal to 0.11 and from 8 MPa to 18 MPa when n is 0.05. In the case of RDX-CMDB propellants, the plateau was found to be in the range 6-18 MPa, with n in the range 0.16-0.27, depending on the type of catalyst, in contrast to the reference CMDB sample, which was characterized by n equal to 0.7 for the same pressure range.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 376-390
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermally induced damage in hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
    Autorzy:
    Tian, Q.
    Yan, G.
    Sun, G.
    Huang, C.
    Xie, L.
    Chen, B.
    Huang, M.
    Li, H.
    Liu, X.
    Wang, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358735.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    CL-20
    SAXS
    AFM
    thermal effects
    voids
    Opis:
    The evolution of the microstructure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) after a thermal stimulus plays a key role in the performance of CL-20. In the current work, microstructural variations of CL-20 caused by thermal treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction, in situ variable-temperature optical microscopy, atom force microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. A wave-like process, an abrupt volume expansion, movement, and fragmentation of CL-20 particles during phase transition were observed. After the phase transition (160 °C) the CL-20 sample acquired a very rough surface with numerous dimple depressions, and during the thermal decomposition stage (200 °C) a large number of voids were produced in both the bulk and the surface of the CL-20.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 3; 359-369
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Concerning the shock sensitivity of cyclic nitramines incorporated into a polyisobutylene matrix
    Autorzy:
    Pelikán, W.
    Zeman, S.
    Yan, Q. L.
    Erben, M.
    Elbeih, A.
    Akštein, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358036.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    BCHMX
    β-HMX
    RDX
    ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane
    CL-20
    gap test
    impact
    Opis:
    Two types of plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) based on ε-2,4,6,8,10,12hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (ε-HNIW, CL-20), and PBXs based on 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX), β-1,3,4,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (β-HMX) and cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitro-octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (bicycloHMX, BCHMX) were prepared using a polyisobutylene binder with dioctylsebacate (DOS) as plasticizer, i.e. a C4 matrix. One version of the ε-HNIW PBX is a product with reduced sensitivity (RS-ε-HNIW). All these PBXs, referenced respectively as RS-ε-HNIW-C4, ε-HNIW-C4, RDX-C4, HMX-C4 and BCHMX-C4, were tested using the Small Scale Gap Test according to STANAG 4488. The results of the gap test on the PBXs with RDX, β-HMX and BCHMX correspond to the impact sensitivities of the original crystalline nitramines. This is not entirely valid for ε-HNIW. In other words, PBXs with RS-ε-HNIW cannot achieve as low a shock sensitivity as would be expected from the differences obtained from the impact sensitivities between RDX, β-HMX and BCHMX, on the one hand, and RS-εHNIW on the other. It is shown that the morphological stability of RS-ε-HNIW in the C4 matrix is insufficient. However, further development and use of RS-ε-HNIW as a filler of PBXs would seem to be both desirable and beneficial. Despite the relatively high impact sensitivity of crystalline BCHMX, the shock sensitivity of its analogous C4 PBX is already good, and comparable with that of RS-ε-HNIW.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 2; 219-235
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Recent Advances in the Study of the Initiation of Nitramines by Impact Using Their 15N NMR Chemical Shifts
    Autorzy:
    Jungová, M.
    Zeman, S.
    Yan, Q.-L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    impact sensitivity
    initiation
    15N NMR chemical shifts
    Opis:
    The relationship between the 15N NMR chemical shifts of aza nitrogen atoms in twelve nitramines and the impact sensitivity of these compounds, expressed as the drop energy, Edr, has been analyzed from the point of view of recently published findings. This relationship appears to be the best method for identifying the key atoms at the reaction centre of a given molecule. These atoms might be taken as “chemical hot spots”. The absence of any solid state influence on the chemical shifts, which were here determined in solution, does not have a fundamental influence on the reaction centre identification. The relationship discussed here confirms the close molecular structural dependence for drop energies (impact sensitivities) obtained for individual energetic materials (EMs) by means of a standard impact tester (Julius Peters) with the detection of the 50% probability of initiation based on acoustic detection. The dependence of impact sensitivity on specific crystal surfaces, using samples of individual EMs obtained by screening, should be investigated more extensively.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 3; 383-393
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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