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Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
Tytuł:
European regional policy and its implementation in Poland in 2007-2013
Autorzy:
WILK, Kazimiera
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
regional policy
financial tools for regional policy structural funds
solidarity fund
operation programs
Opis:
This article aims to discuss the objectives and instruments of the European regional policy with particular reference to the current period of its programming. Programming is a particular feature of the implementation of the Community policy, therefore this study is also intended to present a short overview of the programming of this policy in Poland. The main information about the existence and evolution of European regional policy is presented. Special attention is given to its political programming (tasks and spheres of financial intervention), especially budget programming. The main purposes of solidarity policy in Poland are presented. Its programming tools which are implemented according to the main document, which characterises directions of financial support from the EU, are given. This document entitled the National Strategic Frames presents a diagnosis of the social and economic situation of the country and the intentions of its regions towards development of solidarity. It contains a chapter about financial resources sharing according to operation programs as well as a description of the realization system.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2013, 1, 2; 165-175
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka zatrudnienia w gospodarce lokalnej
The Employment Policy of the Local Authorities
Autorzy:
Gogolewska, Jadwiga
Wilk, Kazimiera
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905907.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1993, 129
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projekty bliźniacze jako narzędzie dostosowania instytucjonalnego Polski do integracji z Unią Europejską
Twin Projects as an Instrument of Poland’s Institutional Adaptation to Its Integration with the European Union
Autorzy:
Wilk, Kazimiera
Najdora, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The accession of Poland to the European Union requires creating adequate institutional conditions. The strengthening of institutional and administrative capacity of Poland (and other candidate countries) is also in the interest of EU - hence its help with creating and strengthening administrative structures in those countries. The main source of this help is PHARE. One of its components - Institution Building - allows financing the strengthening of administrative capacity. One of the mechanisms of support of institution building is twinning. It is the agreement between an institution in the candidate country and its equivalent in one or more member states. The aim of twinning is to deliver specific and guaranteed results, agreed between the parties in advance and fulfilling the goals set out in the Accession Partnerships. The parties sing the "Twinning Covenant" in which they agree on detailed work plan and means to achieve the result. It is the new form of co-operation of candidates and member states of EU. The article touches on the meaning of twinning projects and the commitment of member states in their implementation.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2004, 174
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Statistical approach to the production of cement composites doped with ZnO and ZnO-based materials
Autorzy:
Klapiszewska, Izabela
Balicki, Sebastian
Wilk, Kazimiera A.
Klapiszewski, Łukasz
Ślosarczyk, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24085675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cement composite
zinc oxide
hybrid materials
design of experiments
Opis:
In this study, physical and functional properties of the cement composites containing ZnO, ZnO/lignin and lignin admixtures were investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The I-optimal design based on RSM was used to assess the influence of ZnO-based doping agent, of either commercial or synthetic origin, on cement composite production in the function of average compressive strength and cost. Polynomial mathematical models were developed by RSM confronting results from the experimental design. The accuracy and precision of the utilized models established by I-optimal design were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The first stage of formulation optimization revealed that the use of commercially available ZnO-based admixture no. 4 (ZnO-SA, supplied by Sigma Aldrich) allowed to achieve the desired results, passing all the requirements, i.e., the best microbial purity combined with reasonable cost, followed by satisfactory physical properties. In the second stage of formulation optimization, the influence of implementing the hybrid materials, i.e., ZnO-SA mixed in different proportions with lignin was evaluated. RSM revealed that doping admixture no. 3, i.e., ZnO-SA/lignin (5:1), is the best candidate, which comprised augmented functional and physical properties of the fabricated cement composite. This component exhibited the best microbial purity as well as the lowest total pore volume, followed by satisfactory physical properties. Verification of the model findings indicated considerable agreement between the predicted and experimental values. From the findings, it was confirmed that a reasonable cost-performance balance for cement composites can be achieved using ZnO-SA and ZnO-SA/lignin (5:1).
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2023, 59, 4; art. no. 168352
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adsorpcja dwufunkcyjnych labilnych surfaktantów kationowych na granicy faz ciecz/gaz : opis za pomocą modelu kwazi-dwuwymiarowego elektrolitu
Adsorption of dicephalic labile cationic surfactants at liquid/gas interfaces : surface quasi-two-dimensional electrolyte model descripton
Autorzy:
Frąckowiak, Renata
Para, Grażyna
Lamch, Łukasz
Szyk-Warszyńska, Lilianna
Wilk, Kazimiera A.
Warszyński, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
kationowe surfaktanty wielofunkcyjne
surfaktanty chemodegradowalne
adsorpcja
napięcie powierzchniowe
model adsorpcji
multifunctional cationic surfactants
chemodegradable surfactants
adsorption
surface tension
adsorption model
Opis:
There is an increasing interest in surfactants that comprise a linkage that breaks down in a controlled way. The most known examples of the cleavage mechanism include acid or alkaline hydrolysis, UV irradiation, enzymatic or heat decomposition. For practical reasons, the labile grouping can be inserted between the hydrophobic tail of the surfactant and the polar head group. Chemically and/or enzymatically induced cleavage of this labile bond would cause the separation of the polar part and the hydrophobic tail and, consequently, change of surface activity, an event usually referred to as the primary degradation of the surfactant. Dicephalic labile cationic surfactants belong to the class of surface active compounds with many potential applications often associated with their biological activity for a wide range of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or algae. Thus, they can be used in disinfecting agents or for protecting against the occurrence of these microorganisms. They adsorb well on negatively charged surfaces, which can be used in the treatment of fabrics. Due to excellent antistatic properties, they can be used for the final rinsing of fabrics, especially synthetic ones. In flotation processes, they can act as collectors, and in catalysis, they can be used as phase transfer catalysts or templates for zeolite synthesis. We present the surface quasi-two-dimensional electrolyte (STDE) model as a universal model for the description of ionic surfactants’ adsorption at fluid interfaces that explicitly considers the electric double formation upon surfactant adsorption. The model was adapted to describe phenomena occurring for adsorption of dicephalic surfactants as counterion specificity or formation of surfactant ioncounterion associates. As an example, we applied the model to explain the mechanism of adsorption at water/air interface of novel dicephalic cationic surfactants, N,N-bis[3,3′-(trimethylammonio)propyl]alkylamide dibromides and N,N-bis[3,3′-(trimethylammonio)propyl]alkylamide dimethylsulfates, both belonging to the class of chemodegradable surfactants having amide bond between two quaternary amine cationic groups and a single hydrophobic tail. Additionally, we used the same model to describe adsorption isotherms of N,N-bis[3,3- (dimethylamine)propyl]alkylamide dichlorides, having as two hydrophilic groups tertiary amines, which charge is pH-dependent. Application of the STDE model allowed an excellent description of experimental adsorption isotherm of dicephalic cationic surfactants and explained the specific features connected with the presence of multicharged headgroup.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2021, 75, 9-10; 1119--1155
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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