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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Decomposition of the Gini index in the presence of observations with negative values
    Autorzy:
    Ostasiewicz, Katarzyna
    Vernizzi, Achille
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/584992.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    inequality
    the Gini index
    negative inputs
    decomposition
    Opis:
    The problem of calculating the Gini index in the presence of negative inputs may be overcome by decomposing the quantity at stake into “positive” and “negative” parts, which, by definition, include only non-negative values. For such constructed sources, concentration indexes may be calculated and their influence on the overall inequality evaluated. In the paper we present the methodology of such an assessment and illustrate it with the example of Italian income data.
    Źródło:
    Mathematical Economics; 2018, 14(21); 37-50
    1733-9707
    Pojawia się w:
    Mathematical Economics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some Considerations on Measuring the Progressive Principle Violations and the Potential Equity in Income Tax Systems
    Autorzy:
    Mazurek, Edyta
    Vernizzi, Achille
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465928.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Główny Urząd Statystyczny
    Tematy:
    equity
    personal income tax
    progressive principle
    redistribution
    re-ranking
    Opis:
    Kakwani and Lambert (1998) state three axioms which should be respected by an equitable tax system; then they propose a measurement system to evaluate at the same time the negative influences that axiom violations exert on the redistributive effect of taxes, and the potential equity of the tax system, which would be attained in absence of departures from equity. The authors calculate both the potential equity and the losses due to axiom violations, starting from the Kakwani (1977) progressivity index and the Kakwani (1984) decomposition of the redistributive effect. In this paper, we focus on the measure suggested by Kakwani and Lambert for the loss in potential equity, which is due to violations of the progressive principle: the authors’ measure is based on the tax rate re-ranking index, calculated with respect to the ranking of pre-tax income distribution. The aim of the paper is to achieve a better understanding of what Kakwani and Lambert’s measure actually represents, when it corrects the actual Kakwani progressivity index. The authors’ measure is first of all considered under its analytical aspects and then observed in different simulated tax systems. In order to better highlight its behaviour, simulations compare Kakwani and Lambert’s measure with the potential equity of a counterfactual tax distribution, which respects the progressive principle and preserves the overall tax revenue. The analysis presented in this article is performed by making use of the approach recently introduced by Pellegrino and Vernizzi (2013).
    Źródło:
    Statistics in Transition new series; 2014, 15, 3; 467-486
    1234-7655
    Pojawia się w:
    Statistics in Transition new series
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    DECOMPOSITION AND NORMALIZATION OF ABSOLUTE DIFFERENCES, WHEN POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE VALUES ARE CONSIDERED:APPLICATIONS TO THE GINI COEFFICIENT
    Autorzy:
    Ostasiewicz, Katarzyna
    Vernizzi, Achille
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453862.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
    Tematy:
    absolute difference components
    negative values
    normalization of Gini based coefficients
    Opis:
    We show how the absolute differences approach is particularly effective to interpret the Gini coefficient (G) when a distribution includes both positive and negative values. Either in erasing units having negative values, or in transforming negative values into zero, a significant variability fraction can be lost. When including negative values, instead of correcting G, to maintain it lower than 1, the standard G should be kept to compare the variability among different situations; a recent normalization, Gp, can be associated to G, to evaluate the variability percentage inside each situation.
    Źródło:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2017, 18, 3; 472-491
    2082-792X
    Pojawia się w:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Demographic trends and personal income tax in italy in the context of raising children
    Autorzy:
    Blangiardo, Gian Carlo
    Vernizzi, Achille
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/433975.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    Age Distribution
    Births
    Deaths
    Microeconomic Data
    Personal Income Tax
    Progressive Principle
    Redistributive Effect
    Re-ranking Indexes
    Opis:
    Since the 1970s, Italians have experienced considerable demographic changes: a sharp fall in the birth rate with a contemporaneous ageing of the population, and more residents aged 65 years and over than under the age of 20. These changes are due not only to a change in cultural attitude: they depend also on the economic difficulties Italian families face when increasing their family size. At the same time, we have to observe that in Italy, the personal tax system does not recognise, as it should, the social and economic efforts families undertake in their role of bringing up children and increasing human capital. This is verified by looking at both the implicit costs recognised by the personal tax system, and the violations of three axioms, which according to Kakwani and Lambert [1998], a fair tax system should respect. The Italian tax system recognises rather low implicit costs to income earners when they have to take care of children: moreover these implicit costs are an inverse function of taxable income and become irrelevant for middle level incomes. With reference to Kakwani and Lambert’s axioms, the overwhelming majority of violations are made against families with children.
    Źródło:
    Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny; 2013, 11(17); 49-67
    1644-6739
    Pojawia się w:
    Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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