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    Tytuł:
    Wpływ budowy geologicznej i rzeźby terenu na możliwość tworzenia i użytkowania teras rolnych : na przykładzie Wysp Egejskich (Grecja)
    The influence of geological structure and relief on the possibility of constructing and using agricultural terraces : on the example of Aegean Archipelago (Greece)
    Autorzy:
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294743.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    terasy rolne
    litologia
    rzeźba
    Wyspy Egejskie
    agricultural terraces
    lithology
    relief
    Aegean Islands
    Opis:
    Celem opracowania było określenie znaczenia litologii i cech metrycznych rzeźby dla powstania i wykorzystywania teras rolnych na Wyspach Egejskich. Realizowano go w oparciu o własne badania terenowe oraz analizęmap. Stwierdzono, że najlepiej sterasowane są wyspy małe, na których dominują stoki o nachyleniach do 30 centigrade. Na wyspach średniej wielkości zajęte przez terasy są zwykle zbocza dużych dolin. Najczęściej terasy występują na stokach o nachyleniu mniejszym niż 20–25 centigrade. Na bardziej stromych powierzchniach terasy służą głównie pod uprawę drzew. Najwięcej teras występuje tam, gdzie dominują skały wulkaniczne oraz gnejsy, łupki krystaliczne i granitoidy. Wyraźnie gorszym podłożem dla tych form wydają sięwapienie, marmury i flisz, chociaż małe zespoły teras występują na wszystkich typach podłoża. W skali lokalnej litologia odgrywa często rolę drugorzędną – na obecność teras wpływa głównie pośrednio, gdy jej zmiana powoduje znaczny wzrost nachylenia stoku. Także wygląd teras może pośrednio wskazywać na litologięstoków - na gnejsach i łupkach krystalicznych formy te obejmują zwykle całą długość stoku, na marmurach są najwyższe, a na tufach - najszersze.
    The aim of this study was to determine the significance of lithology and metrical features of relief for the creation and usage of agricultural terraces on Aegean Islands. The study was based on field research and analysis of maps. It was observed that smaller islands, where slopes with a gradient of max. 30 centigrade dominate, are terraced in the best way. On the medium-sized islands terraces are placed on the slopes of large valleys. Most frequently terraces are found on the slopes with gradient below 20-25 centigrade. On steeper surfaces terraces are mostly used to grow trees. Most terraces are situated in the places where volcanic rocks and gneiss, crystalline schists and granitoids dominate. Limestones, marbles and flysch seem a much worse base for those forms, athough small terrace systems are foound on all types of bedrock. On the local scale lithology plays often a secondary role - it influences the presence of terraces mainly indirectly when its change causes a siginificant increase in the slope inclination. Also the appearance of the terraces might indirectly indicate their lithology - on gneiss and crystalline schists those forms take usually the whole length of a slope, being the highest on marbles and the widest on tuffs.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2012, 19; 67-80
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uwarunkowania współczesnych procesów rzeźbotwórczych w Grecji
    Conditions of contemporary geomorphic processes in Greece
    Autorzy:
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084799.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Tematy:
    Grecja
    procesy rzezbotworcze
    rzezba terenu
    antropopresja
    klimat
    temperatura powietrza
    gory
    tereny gorskie
    warunki klimatyczne
    Opis:
    The aim of the paper was to identify the main factors affecting contemporary relief-forming processes in Greece. The analysis focused on areas with a varied type of relief. These were: high mountains, mountains of intermediate and low relief as well as valley and basin bottoms. The orographic diversity of Greece is the consequence of internal processes associated with the Alpine orogenesis and the neotectonic rejuvenation of relief. Lithology is considered to be of much lesser importance as its impact was mainly local. Contemporary morphogenetic processes in Greece are also conditioned by morphometric and lithological factors. In addition to that, many centuries of anthropopressure significantly affect the shaping of relief in this area. Locally, it is more significant than climatic influence.
    Źródło:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2009, 41; 223-233
    0208-4589
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Geneza i ewolucja obniżenia szottu Dżerid
    Genesis and evolution of the Chott Jerid depression
    Autorzy:
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084899.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Opis:
    The article describes genesis and evolution of a tectonic depression in which there is the largest seasonal lake of Tunisia - the Chott Jerid. Gelogical setting of the depression and its morphometry was described with respect to geology of the whole country. The region is characterised by strike-slip faults running NW-SE, therefore the depression is of the "pull-a part" structure type. The structure began forming in upper Carbon, later it was filled with Permian and Mesozoic sediments which were folded in Neogene. At the end of Pliocene and during Pleistocene the region was probably covered by sea two times, however the second sea transgression (Tyrrhenian II) is questioned by several researchers. Evolution of the depression has been associated with many local tectonic movements which are thought to be at least 0.01 mm/yr (based on thickness of Miocene and Pliocene sediments), and later (Pleistocene and Holocene) even up to 0,26 mm/yr. Denudation rate during the whole post-orogenesis period must have been relatively high due to the arid or semi-arid climate, which favoured intensive surface wash.
    Źródło:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2006, 37; 21-28
    0208-4589
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Współczesna erozja wodna na drogach i odsłoniętych fragmentach zwałowiska zewnętrznego KWB "Bełchatów"
    Contemporary water erosion on the roads and bare slope fragments of external waste dump of Belchatow Lignite Mine
    Autorzy:
    Szadura, M.
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078282.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to present results of the research on contemporary morphogenetic processes and landforms on an extemal waste dump of the Bełchatów Lignite Mine. The most important aspect of the research was the detennination of human impact on this transformation. The recultivation of the Bełchatów waste dump has been almost finished (except of a gypsum storage yard) and now the hill is forested. It is known as Mount Kamieńsk and is used for recreation such as skiing and biking. The research was based on geomorphological mapping. Field study was conducted in five periods, between July 2008 and September 2009. The authors showed that the linear water erosion is the main morphogenetic process acting on unpaved roads and paths - biking routes of Mount Kamieńsk. Particularly damaged, both by water erosion and by erosion caused by vehicles, are the roads on sandy ground. Information about the rate of erosion processes on roads was obtained on the basis of measurements along three selected road cross-profi les located on sandy road fragments (fig. 6). In the whole research period these roads were deepened by 0.2-0.4 m on average (fig. 7, 8, 9). On the roads localized on other grounds (not sandy) erosion caused directly by off-road vehicles was the most significant. Signs of erosion (natural and caused by vehicles) were registered on roads located on slopes as well as on flat areas. The gypsum storage yard is subject to intensive rill and gully erosion. This process was assessed indirectly be measuring accumulation rate on two small alluvial fans. The accumulation in four months period with some intense rainfall episodes was determined to be 0.07-0.125 m. The external waste dump of the Bełchatów Lignite Mine is a good example of successful recultivation of transformed landscape. Nowadays, linear erosion occurs on a very limited area, mainly in the gypsum storage yard and on roads. Erosion control devices are present only on a few road sectors. In authors' opinion the best way to preserve the "Mount Kamieńsk" roads is to cover their surface by crushed stone. It is also recommended to continue the monitoring of processes which transform the most damaged fragments of the waste dump.
    Źródło:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2015, 58; 43-63
    0208-4589
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Anthropogenic degradation of the tourist trawl in the Samaria Gorge (Western Crete)
    Autorzy:
    Bielawska, M.
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294891.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    Samaria Gorge
    tourist degradation
    hiking
    erosion
    tourist trail
    Opis:
    The aim of this research was to estimate the scale and rate of tourist degradation in the surroundings of the trail in the Samaria Gorge. The extent of erosion was estimated based on field measurements. The biggest tourist degradation marks the section between the 2nd and the 7th km of the trail The traces of treading are marked by: uncovered tree roots, showing the indentation of the trail at over 20cm, stones protruding from the path, trampled roadsides and additional paths trodden along the trail. In the extreme case, the width of the trodden area exceeds 5 m. Below the Samaria village the trail leads mainly on the stony stream bed and there are no permanent traces of trampling. The research has proven that hiking can be a serious threat to relief of Crete due to the high human congestion on a small area. However, it is not the amount of the tourist movement that decides about the rate and scale of degradation, but the relation of the path to the forms of relief, the character of the ground, and the dynamics of the meteorological phenomena in the tourist season.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2009, 10; 77-85
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ osadnictwa olęderskiego na morfologię nadwiślańskich obszarów zalewowych : na przykładzie Kępy Kiełpińskiej
    Olęder settlement impact on morphology of the Vistula river floodplain : Kępa Kiełpińska case study
    Autorzy:
    Zawadzka-Pawlewska, U.
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294805.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    Kępa Kiełpińska
    olędrzy
    antropopresja
    terasy zalewowe
    Wisła
    Olęders
    human impact
    floodplain
    Vistula river
    Opis:
    W rejonie Warszawy i w samej stolicy występuje wiele śladów osadnictwa olęderskiego. Tekst prezentuje wyniki pilotażowych badań nad wpływem tej kolonizacji na ukształtowanie rzeźby Kępy Kiełpińskiej, zagospodarowanej na początku XIX w. Bezpośrednie skutki antropopresji określono na podstawie porównania archiwalnych map topograficznych z lat: 1783, 1794, 1843, 1914–1915, 1936 oraz mapy współczesnej. W oparciu o dwa wiercenia porównano cechy litologiczne (uziarnienie i zawartość materii organicznej) podłoża po dwóch stronach olęderskiej grobli. Wykazano, że w pierwszej fazie modyfikacja rzeźby polegała na utworzeniu nowych form – grobli, rowów, nasypów, które są do dziś wyraźnie widoczne w terenie. W późniejszych etapach wpłynęło to na cechy gruntów użytkowanych rolniczo – groble i pasy zarośli wierzbowo-topolowych oraz płotki z wikliny zatrzymywały grubszy materiał, a na ich zapleczu osadzały się drobniejsze frakcje, wzbogacone w materię organiczną, transportowane w zawiesinie. Uzyskane wyniki uzasadniają potrzebę dalszych badań nad morfologicznymi skutkami osadnictwa olęderskiego w rejonie Warszawy.
    In Warsaw and its vicinity, many signs of the Olęder settlement are present. Paper presents the results of the pilot study on the Olęder settlement impact on the relief of the Kępa Kiełpińska, which was brought into cultivation in the beginning of the XIX century. Direct results of the human impact were specified on basis of the archival and modern topographic maps. On basis of two drills the lithology features of the ground on both sides of the Olęder causeway were compared (grain size distribution and LOI). In the first phase, relief modification consisted of the creation of new forms – causeways, trenches, embankments, which are still visible in landscape. In later phases, above mentioned modifications, had impact on features of the land used for agriculture – causeways and osier fences and belts composed from poplar and willow were stopping more coarse material, and on their back, more fine, enriched in organic matter, material transported in suspension was deposited. Obtained results justify the need of the future research on the impact of the Olęder settlement in the vicinity of Warsaw.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2017, 33; 49-56
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formy i procesy fluwialne w obszarze Morza Egejskiego na przykładzie Ikarii (Grecja)
    Fluvial landforms and processes in the region of the Aegean Sea, based on Ikaria Island (Greece)
    Autorzy:
    Krzemien, K.
    Biejat, K.
    Dluzewski, M.
    Tsermegas, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084332.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Tematy:
    Ikaria
    procesy fluwialne
    Grecja
    Morze Egejskie
    klimat
    zlewnie
    doliny
    Opis:
    Main aims of the research were: i) to assess the degree of development of fluvial landforms on Aegean Islands and ii) to determine the influence of fluvial processes on modification of islands relief. Field studies were conducted on the Ikaria Island, with highly diversified geology and relief, typical of mountainous islands of the Aegean Sea. The island is heavily dissected by deeply incised valleys and gorges with very steep slopes. The valleys on Ikaria Island vary in size, direction, geological setting and maturity. In the four small catchments located in the northern part of the Ikaria Island four types of valleys (from 1st to 4th order, according to Strahler) were studies in detail. Uppermost parts of these valleys (1st order valleys) have slightly concave cross-sections covered with regolith without developed channels. Such forms gradually evolve into 2nd order valleys with seasonal river channels, and further downstream, into well developed deep river valleys. Ravines with channels incised into solid rock are characteristic of the 3rd order valleys. The 4th order valleys are well developed, deeply incised gorges with wide channels sometimes accompanied by river terraces. Channels of small streams, rivers and field tracks in the mountains are subject to differentiated modelling by running water. In islands of the Aegean Sea, intensity of this modelling is diversified and rather small. It depends mostly on rainfall intensity, bedrock resistance to erosion, slope inclination and aspect. Catastrophic hydrometeorological events such as one which occurred in Ikaria in October, 2010, are responsible for rapid modification of whole valley floors and modification of river channels at lower river runs, within deltas and alluvial fans.
    Źródło:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2012, 49; 119-136
    0208-4589
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Degradacja tarasów rolnych w warunkach śródziemnomorskich - wybrane przykłady z Wysp Egejskich (Grecja)
    Degradation of terraced slopes in Mediterranean conditions: selected examples from the Aegean Islands (Greece)
    Autorzy:
    Tsermegas, I.
    Dluzewski, M.
    Biejat, K.
    Szynkiewicz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084329.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Tematy:
    rolnictwo
    tereny rolnicze
    kraje srodziemnomorskie
    Grecja
    erozja
    Opis:
    The main aim of the study was to estimate the influence of relief, lithology, climatic conditions, methods of wall construction and actual agricultural practice on the degradation of traditional agricultural terraces on the example of three Greek islands. We selected 7 research plots situated in 5 different geological settings - 3 on the Ikaria island, 2 on Thira, and 2 near Plati village on the SW edge of Lassithi Plateau on the Crete island. We used the following methods: GPS RTK measurements, mapping of erosion features, georadar profliling, infiltration rate measurements and interviews with farmers. We find that lithology is the most important factor controlling terraces degradation, but only in relation to methods of cultivation. Traditional agricultural practice helps terraces to remain stable, because cultivated field increases the possibility of infiltration and limits surface runoff. Heavy rainfalls do not affecting terraces stability due to high ground infiltration rate or high permeability of dry-stone walls. Terraces are more stable if they are concordant to the natural slope profile. On the terraced slope erosion is lower than on non-terraced slope. This is true only on the slope with very limited vegetation cover.
    Źródło:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2012, 49; 151-171
    0208-4589
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ewolucja i dynamika rzeźby okolic Pińczowa
    Evolution and dynamics of relief in the region of Pinczow
    Autorzy:
    Tsermegas, I.
    Szwarczewski, P.
    Woronko, B.
    Recielski, K.
    Rojan, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085232.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Opis:
    The major relief features of the Pińczów region (Ponidzie Pińczowskie) are the following: 1. Polygenetic nature of landforms, which are records of subsequent stages of the region’s geological development (both the youngest and the oldest landforms owe their contemporary shape not to one, but to many links in the evolution of the analysed relief). 2. Great importance of pre-Quaternary forms excavated from under younger deposits. ln this respect, Tertiary relief is the most significant. 3. Manifest dependence of morphology on tectonics and lithological differentiation of deposits (tectonics-based direction of relief, dependence of slope shapes from the substratum structure, occurrence of structural escarpments). 4. Presence and common occurrence of unique gypsum karst forms and their great diversity. 5. lnsignificance of glacial forms, whose remains can be found only locally, on hilltops of older elevations. 6. Considerable range of fluvoglacial cover. 7. Major significance of Holocene processes for the contemporary relief. 8. Important contemporary role of man in relief-forming processes, multitude and diversity of antropogenic forms. The graphic representation of relief (Fig. 2) manifests yet another important feature of the relief in the Pińczów region; it distinctly shows its division into horizons, relating to pre-Quaternary forms. Starting from the areas situated the highest, we can distinguish: • hilltop surface of the Pińczów Hummock at a level of approximately 260 metres a.s.l., with denudation mountains, partly covered with fluvioglacial sands, occasionally forming sand dunes. Culminations reach 270-290 metres above sea level. • Another level (230-250 metres a.s.l.) cuts through gypsum, limestone and marl of the Solec and Połaniec Basins. It is largely covered with denudated glacial forms and fluvioglacial sands. Above this level, gypsum and glacial relic mountains protrude. • In the western part of the Nida valley, the loess-covered spreads of the Wodzisław Hummock hilltop, occurring at the altitude of 280-330 metres, and lowering to approximately 250 metres on the slopes, correspond to the two surfaces described above. • At an altitude of approximately 230 metres starts the level of large, usually water-logged depressions, contemporarily used by rivers or intersected by a network of canals. Most probably, they are preQuaternary forms, possibly tectonic, transformed by glacial (and in some places karst) processes. • The remaining levels are distinctly related to the Nida valley and constitute its terraces -two Pleistocene and two Holocene, at altitudes ranging from 200 to 180 metres. The first three Ievels are autonomous in nature, with clearly marked slopes. The remaining levels are local erosion base levels and receive matter originating from the erosion of higher-situated areas.
    Źródło:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne; 2000, 27; 11-41
    0208-4589
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace i Studia Geograficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wybrane problemy geomorfologiczne Mazowsza
    Selected geomorphological problems of Mazovia
    Autorzy:
    Smolska, E.
    Giriat, D.
    Tsermegas, I.
    Szwarczewski, P.
    Zawadzka-Pawlewska, U.
    Błoński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294378.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    cechy rzeźby
    zmiana naturalna
    zmiana antropogeniczna
    Kotlina Warszawska
    Wysoczyzna Ciechanowska
    dolina dolnej Narwi
    landforms features
    natural change
    anthropogenic change
    Warsaw Basin
    Ciechanowska upland
    Lower Narew Valley
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie charakterystycznych cech rzeźby wybranych obszarów Mazowsza ze szczególnym zwróceniem uwagi na jej uwarunkowania zarówno naturalne, jak i antropogeniczne. Przedstawiono holoceńskie zmiany w obrębie zbocza doliny Wisły na przykładzie Skarpy Ursynowskiej, zmiany w dnie doliny związane z osadnictwem olęderskim, wybrane aspekty budowy geologicznej i cechy rzeźby w okolicy Łubienicy na Wysoczyźnie Ciechanowskiej, morfologię zboczy i dna doliny dolnej Narwi w okolicy Łubienicy i Pułtuska oraz rekonstrukcję zmian środowiska przyrodniczego w okolicach Nasielska (od początku wczesnego średniowiecza po okres nowożytny).
    The main aim of the article is to present the landforms characteristics of the selected Mazovian areas with particular focus on its natural and anthropogenic conditions. This paper concerns the problems of: the Holocene changes within the Vistula River valley on the example of the the Ursynów Scarp development; the geomorphic changes in the bottom of the valley due to the Olęder settlements (the Kiełpińska Holm site), selected issues of geology and landscape evolution of the Ciechanowska Upland (The Lubienica-Superunki site), morphology of the slopes and of the Lower Narew Valley bottom near Łubienica and Pułtusk sites and the reconstruction of natural environment changes (from the early Middle Ages to the Early Modern Period) in the Nasielsk area.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2017, 33; 3-16
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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