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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Chińska Republika Ludowa wobec problemu pokojowego rozwiązania konfliktu kambodżańskiego
    The Peoples Republic of China and the Problem of Peaceful Resolution of the Cambodian Conflict
    Autorzy:
    Szafraniec, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566816.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
    Tematy:
    China
    Cambodia
    Cambodian conflict
    Opis:
    From the very beginning of the Cambodian conflict China was exerting profound influence on its course. China also to large extent decided upon forms of its resolution. The Chinese policy towards Cambodia was rational in the sense that it was coherent with the most important segments of the Chinese international political strategy, namely bilateral relations with the great powers (US, USSR) and the strengthening of China's own military and political presence in the region, and that ideological factors played a minor role in formulating that policy. During the US war with Vietnam China developed amicable relations with Cambodia despite its monarchical form of government, since it wanted the government in Phnom Penh to allow Vietnamese troops to use Cambodian territory as a convenient transportation route linking southern and northern parts of Vietnam. Beijing sup- ported the ultra-left government of Pol Pot not because of any ideological affinity between two governments but rather because the Khmer Rouge government by opposing Vietnamese communists could check for some time expansionist aspirations of Vietnamese and their close allies from the Soviet Union. The same reasons stood behind the Chinese policy in the 80s. Under the aegis of China new anti-Vietnamese Cambodian government in exile was established. China lent military support to the Khmer Rouge resistance forces and secured their key role in the process of reaching political accommodation of the conflict. After the restoration of Cambodian monarchy in 1993 with the strength of Khmer Rouge dwindling and the post-communists Cambodian People's Party becoming more powerful China changed its political sympathies in favour of CPP. Close and friendly Sino-Cambodian relationships may now positively contribute to Chinese efforts of securing its key transportation links and reinforcing its military presence in the Straits of Malacca and the Gulf of Thailand.
    Źródło:
    Forum Politologiczne; 2008, 8 - Współczesny Daleki Wschód w stosunkach międzynarodowych - rywalizacja i mocarstwowość; 309-336
    1734-1698
    Pojawia się w:
    Forum Politologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Misje pokojowe ONZ w Timorze Wschodnim
    United Nations Peacekeeping Operations in the East Timor
    Autorzy:
    Szafraniec, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567100.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
    Tematy:
    UN
    East Timor
    Peacekeeping operations
    Opis:
    The scope and intensity of international interventionism in the case of East Timor were unusual in every respect. The successive UN peacekeeping operations established in this country wielded unprecedentedly wide powers. The International Force for East Timor (Interfet) was authorized to „use any means necessary to restore peace and security in East Timor". The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) became in fact a regular government wielding absolute administrative and judiciary power over the country and enjoying the right to conclude legally binding international treaties with other states and international organiza¬tions (including the UN itself). This rather spectacular instance of international interventio-nism ended, however, in an outright failure. No lasting internal peace was instituted, the process of national reconciliation brought negligible results and the tribal animosities which were aroused in the newly created Timorese army brought the country to the verge of anarchy. It was only when Australia, being itself a major regional power and a key sponsor of the East Timor independence cause, decided to act independently of the UN institutions that the country's definite collapse could be successfully prevented. The reasons for the ineffectiveness of the international inte-rventionism in East Timor seem to stem from the East Timorese distinct political culture, whose tenets include preserving strict so¬cial hierarchy, uncompromising elitism and the paramount impor¬tance of kinship relationships. This kind of socio-cultural value set by no means could be reconciled with the Western standards of competitive liberal democracy and consensual decision-making that were to be promoted by the peacekeeping operations in East Timor.
    Źródło:
    Forum Politologiczne; 2010, 11 - Chiny i państwa azjatyckie - karty z historii i wyzwania współczesności; 455-501
    1734-1698
    Pojawia się w:
    Forum Politologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of knowledge on cardiovascular disease risk factors by postal survey in residents of Malopolska Voivodeship. Malopolska CArdiovascular PReventive Intervention Study (M-CAPRI)
    Autorzy:
    Waśniowska, Anna
    Kopeć, Grzegorz
    Szafraniec, Krystyna
    Misiowiec, Witosława
    Waligóra, Marcin
    Brózda, Mateusz
    Sarnecka, Agnieszka
    Podolec, Jakub
    Orzeł-Nowak, Anita
    Pająk, Andrzej
    Podolec, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989864.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    cardiovascular disease
    health knowledge
    risk factors
    postal survey
    Opis:
    Introduction. Education is a key tool in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Education programmes require monitoring of their effectiveness. Objectives. 1) to introduce postal screening for the assessment of knowledge on CVD risk factors (RFs) for the Polish population, 2) to assess this knowledge in adult residents of Małopolska Voivodeship, and 3) to assess whether knowledge on RFs is related to age, gender, place of residence, level of education and family history of CVD. Materials and method. Anonymous questionnaires were posted to a random sample of 5,000 residents of Małopolska Voivodeship in Poland. Results were presented as proportions of participants who listed RFs correctly. A series of multiple logistic regression models was used to assess the associations of knowledge on RFs with the potential determinants. Results. 1,126 completed questionnaires were returned. Over 35% of respondents could not list a single RF and 14 % listed only 1–2 RFs. About 40% named 3–5 and only 12% listed 6 or more RFs. About a half of the respondents listed incorrectly from 1–8 characteristics as being associated with higher risk of CVD. In the multivariate analysis, knowledge on RFs was not significantly associated with age. Level of education was the strongest determinant of knowledge. Male rural and small town residents had less knowledge, whereas women with a family history of CVD had more knowledge on some CVD RFs. Conclusions. Using a postal questionnaire for the assessment of knowledge of CVD RFs in the population of Małopolska Voivodeship appeared to have serious limitations due to low participation in the study. Despite this, the results of the study indicate that knowledge on CVD RFs is insufficient. Female gender and higher education were related to more prevalent knowledge on RFs. Family history of CVD was related to better knowledge in women only. Male residents of rural areas and small towns had slightly less knowledge on CVD RFs.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2017, 24, 2
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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