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    Tytuł:
    Vibrational Corrections to Transition Properties
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, T.
    Sadlej, A. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014250.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000-10
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    33.20.Fb
    Opis:
    The vibrational contributions to second-order transition properties are considered in the framework of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. It is shown that the usual formula for vibrational second-order transition matrix elements is incomplete and needs to be supplemented by a term of purely vibrational origin. This pure vibrational contribution is calculated for vibrational transition polarizabilities in LiH and BeF and found to be quite significant. Its inclusion in theoretically calculated data for the Raman intensities appears to be necessary.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2000, 98, 4; 363-371
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Vertical Fall of a Body Under Free Motion
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411583.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    material body
    kinetics
    free fall
    Path/way length
    velocity
    acceleration
    Inertia acceleration
    Gravitation acceleration
    time constant
    Way constant
    Gravitation number constant
    Opis:
    The paper aims at the kinetics of a body under free fall, especially free body motion, the motion occurring in the Earth environs space, that is in the range of the gravity action. A new adequate theory of such a motion, opening new not known kinetic magnitudes, has been elaborated. This theory has its source, which is the dependence of the way length on time. That is the way characteristics created in this work. The worked out theory has been verified by experiment, referred to two different realities. One of them was the body motion in the air environment of the Earth environs space, with the second one occurring in a determined machining space-time. The adequate earth acceleration/gravity has been calculated taking advantage of the theory elaborated; and its value, as indicated, is equal 3.85 mźs-2. Two kinds of accelerations have been separated: inertial and gravitational. The relations occurring between their values on the neighbouring potential fields, unstable, and stable, have been discovered. That discovery indicates on the existence of quantum nature of gravitation.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 4; 56-72
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kinetics, Dynamics and Energy of Solid on the Example of a Tool Fixed Flexibly: Part 3 – Energy
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411604.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Tool
    Machining space-time
    potential field
    Work
    energy
    Potential
    Mechanics
    Opis:
    This work is a continuation of the problems of kinetics and dynamics of solid on the example of a tool fixed flexibly under cutting. Present work is concerned on the development of work and energy. A special attention has been paid to the work description by underlying a distinctness and lack of connection with the energy notion. Polarization of these two magnitudes has been revealed. An adequate and extended definition of energy in general, with mechanical energy in particular, is formulated. There are three kinds of mechanical energy considered, located on the stable static potential field being one of the limits of the machining space-time. They are the following energies: repel, inertial, and gravitational. Proper measures/potentials have been assigned to these energies, treating the energy as a mental notion, having no physical meaning in contrast to the potential as the physical magnitude.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 10, 2; 126-136
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adequate theory of oscillator: a prelude to verification of classical mechanics. Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    oscylator
    zasada zachowania energii
    potencjał pola
    grawitacja
    oscillator
    energy
    principle of energy conservation
    space-time
    potential field
    gravitation
    Opis:
    In the paper, the adequate theory of oscillator is presented, being a sort of prelude to verification of the classical theory of mechanics. The developed theory is based on properly understood the notion of energy, on quantum value changes of its determined measures (potentials), as well as of such chan ges types of sites of the total energetic states which present the essence of the true principle of energy conservation. General characteristics of classical mechanics is presented by exemplification of artifacts of classical theory of oscillator, energetic aspects of its motion, kinetics of the body In harmonic motion, and finely a new adequate theory of oscillator. This is the first part of the theory.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 2; 28-34
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Novel Theory of Mathematical Pendulum. Part 2
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411646.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    mathematical pendulum
    Inertia
    kinetics
    potential field
    Stable state
    Unstable state
    Opis:
    The paper is concerned on a new adequate theory of a simple mathematical pendulum. Part 1 of the paper was devoted to the behaviour of pendulum in particular points, that is central and terminal/extremum ones. This Part 2 of the theory begins with the analysis of path length of the pendulum weight. Then the kinetics of the pendulum weight is analyzed by separating and the descriptions of differentiated motion of this body in the consecutive neighbouring space-times corresponding with particular quarter-periods. It is about accelerated free variable motion and the following after it a retarded motion of this kind, and then again accelerated, etc. In the summary, further elaborations in the subject are forecasted, regarding both dynamics and energy of the flat mathematical pendulum. It is indicated that the necessity to “rethink” many existent theories is of importance.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 9, 2; 186-201
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analytical dependence of substance solubility measure on temperature
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411690.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    rozpuszczalność
    substancja
    temperatura
    potencjał pola
    stała temperatury
    współczynnik rozpuszczalności
    nasilenie zmian współczynnika rozpuszczalności
    solubility
    substance
    temperature
    potential field
    temperature-solubility space
    temperature constant
    solubility coefficient
    intensity of changes of the solubility coefficient
    Opis:
    The work covers an adequate analytical dependence of solubility measure of the chemical substances on the water/aqueous solution temperature. The solubility was defined and new, more readable solubility measure was introduced; the coefficient of solubility has been proposed instead. Then the source differential equation was introduced as the basis for the derivation of a final analytical form of dependence of the solubility coefficient on temperature. That characteristics has been developed by determining the dependence of the solubility coefficient variability intensity on temperature. An example of the use of presented theory has been delivered by referring it to the phenomenon of dissolution of AgNO3 silver nitrate in the aqueous environment. In the summary, quite a developed use of the source differential equation has been underlined with some more examples revealed.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 5; 20-34
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quantum theory of gravitation
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411692.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    grawitacja
    czasoprzestrzeń
    potencjał
    potencjał pola
    zasada zachowania energii
    gravitation
    space-time
    potential
    potential field
    principle of energy conservation
    Opis:
    In the paper, the outline of a new quantum theory of gravitation is presented. The energetic states of a material body, stable and unstable, are described. Characteristics of a body motion in a gravitation-inertia space-time has been given. It has been proved that all the time both gravitation and inertia are co-existent, independent on the position of a moving object. This is the reason of that twolink name of the space-time. A thorough in-depth analysis of the problem made it possible to state that so called the law of common gravity is a hyperbolic approximation of a proper course of inertia force. Therefore the mentioned courses have only two common points. One of them, the initial point belongs also to the course line of the gravity force, constant on the whole length of space-time. This theory is adequate in character and thus generally does not corresponds with the existent classical theory of gravitation.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 5; 35-45
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adequate theory of oscillator: a prelude to verification of classical mechanics. Part 2
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411760.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    oscylator
    zasada zachowania energii
    potencjał pola
    grawitacja
    oscillator
    energy
    principle of energy conservation
    space-time
    potential field
    gravitation
    Opis:
    In the paper, the adequate theory of oscillator is presented, being a sort of prelude to verification of the classical theory of mechanics. In the first part of the paper the principle of energy conservation was considered. This second part of the paper is to present the energetic aspects of oscillator motion. Here also an exemplary real system corresponding with the existent differential equation of oscillator is given. They are to develop the kinetics of a body in the harmonic motion, to be presented in the next Part of the work.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 3; 1-10
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adequate theory of oscillator : a prelude to verification of classical mechanics. Part 4
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411854.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    oscylator
    energia
    zasada zachowania energii
    czasoprzestrzeń
    potencjał pola
    grawitacja
    oscillator
    energy
    principle of energy conservation
    space-time
    potential field
    gravitation
    Opis:
    In the paper, the adequate theory of oscillator is presented, being a sort of prelude to verification of the classical theory of mechanics. The developed theory is based on a properly understood notion of energy, quantum value changes of its determined measures (potentials), as well as of such chan ges types of sites of full energetic states which presents the essence of the true principle of the energy conservation. In the first part of the paper the principle of energy conservation was considered. Then the energetic aspects of the oscillator motion, with an exemplary real system motion was presented. The third part was a development of kinetics of a body in the harmonic motion and verification of the adequate theory of the oscillator. At the end, this Part 4 is devoted to the determination of the gravity acceleration by means of the mathematical pendulum to confirm the previously presented findings.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 4; 1-7
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Novel Modeling of the Phenomenon of Air-Cooled Solid
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411916.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    phenomenon of body cooling
    thermal space-time
    potential field
    time constant
    cooling rate
    temperature
    time
    Opis:
    The paper turns the attention to the thermal problems of the solid cooling in air. The physical aspect of mathematic approach has been underlined. The analysis and critical evaluation of Newton's Law concerning the solid air-cooling have been performed. The cognitive path leading to the solution is presented with the result being the body temperature dependence on time of cooling down in the air. Then the course of solution concerning the result of the adequate dependence of temperature of the cooled body on time has been presented. In the study, the stress is put on constant magnitudes chich characterize the susceptibility of solid to the cooling in the air. In the end, the synthetic formulation of all functional characteristics of the thermal phenomenon discussed in the paper, have been presented.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 1; 1-16
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adequate Theory of Vertical Motion of a Mass-Elastic System
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412071.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Theory of oscillation motion
    Vertical mass-elastic system
    Free harmonic oscillator motion
    potential field
    force characteristics
    Source equation of path/way length
    time constant
    Opis:
    The paper covers an adequate theory on vertical motion of the mass-elastic system. This system is an oscillator with the motion being a free harmonic motion. The first extended link of the consideration presents a critical analysis of the existent knowledge referred to this subject. Then the energetic states of the oscillator have been determined. Next the force characteristics of the free harmonic motion of the oscillator are presented. A general source equation of the path/way length and the resulting detailed forms, signalizing extensive possibilities to build up the characteristics, have been presented. Finally the connections between the characteristics of real and simulative motions were derived. It should be added that this first mentioned motion is the subject of adequate description presented here. The simulated motion is referred to the existent classical theory which has been subjected under a critical consideration.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 6; 116-136
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kinetics, Dynamics and Energy of Solid on the Example of a Tool Fixed Flexibly: Part 2 - Dynamics
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412227.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Tool
    dynamics
    Machining space-time
    potential field
    Potential
    Mechanics
    Opis:
    This work is a continuation of the problems of kinetics, dynamics, and energy of solid on the example of a tool fixed flexibly under cutting. The work consists with three parts. Part 1 covered the kinetics of the system. Present work is devoted to the dynamics of a tool in the machining space-time. Dynamic characteristics of the whole machining system are considered by determining forces being the measures of particular reasons for material cutting. The reasons are the following forces: gravity, inertia, and repel. In the last Part 3 of the work, a special attention is to be paid to the work description and the energy notion.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 10, 1; 110-118
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mass Moment Determination Using Compound Pendulum
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412302.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    mathematical pendulum
    compound pendulum
    mass moment
    angular acceleration
    inertia moment
    time constant
    gravitation
    pendulum vibration period
    Opis:
    This work has been performed to verify the existent knowledge on determination of the mass moment. For the experiment, a compound pendulum was used. The motivation to undertake these studies were experimental results indicating a big discrepancy in mass moments between the values coming from calculations using the definition formula and these obtained from the experiment. In relation to the axial moment the relative error equals 23.6%, whereas regarding the polar moment the error reached 56.4%. Considering the reason of that discrepancy we could find the existent theory not to be adequate. The theory is then considered in view of verifying first the mathematical pendulum and next the physical/ compound pendulum theory. The consideration has been focused on the description of accelerated motion cycle of both pendulums as it was enough to solve the problem. A source differential equation, which serves to solve any quantum phenomena, was used in the study. Then the course of creation of detailed characteristics of the phase of mathematical pendulum accelerated motion is presented as the basis to derive formula on the mass moment of a compound pendulum. At the end this new adequate theory was verified showing the relative error to be less than one per cent.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 3; 85-100
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Critics of Existent Theory of Mathematical Pendulum. Part 2
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412351.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    mathematical pendulum
    Vibration period
    amplitude
    angular velocity
    Force of gravity
    Force of inertia
    Opis:
    In the second part of the paper, the thesis is proved to state that the existent theory describes simply a shadow of the rotating apparent mathematical pendulum. Hence, it appears, even that existent description is not sufficiently adequate. Finally, all defects of the theory, which resulted in so inadequate description of the oscillation motion of the simple mathematical pendulum, have been revealed. The necessity to re-build the existent theory has been indicated in the conclusion. Return to the source is to be the first, essential step on the new path of the cognitive action.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 8, 3; 195-204
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the Groundless Use of Mathematics Concerning the d’Alembert’s Rule
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412567.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    d'Alembert's rule
    Fictional inertia force
    identity
    space-time
    time constant
    potential field
    Atwood device
    Co-existence state
    Energetic state
    dynamics
    Opis:
    The paper discusses the groundless use of mathematics. This question has been explained mainly based on example of the so called d`Alembert’s rule which unfortunately still functions in science none the less it has been based on a fiction, contrary to the truth cognition as the fundamental purpose of science. That pejorative feature of the mentioned paradigm is marked very clearly in the paper to evaluate it negatively as the only one possible note. Next the adequate characteristics of variable body motion has been presented and the description of Atwood device given in view of explaining the essence of a real equilibrium of the system of material bodies where their real inertia is of importance. In conclusion the characteristics of real inertia force being the measure of this inertia is presented. The erroneous up-to-date view concerning the measure of body inertia, assuming mass as the measure of this magnitude enabling free manipulation of the acceleration value, has been revealed. At the end it is stressed that acceleration is always positive in its nature and is existent in each condition of the material reality.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 7, 2; 85-101
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adequate Force Characteristics of a Friction System
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412609.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Friction
    Friction system
    Force of surface resistance
    friction coefficient
    Static friction
    Dynamic friction
    Kinematic friction
    Triangle of friction
    Passive zone of for ces
    Active zone of for ces
    Characteristics of friction process
    Opis:
    In the paper, at first some remarks concerning friction are presented by the definition of the friction itself, as well as its essential force characteristics. An adequate definition of friction is introduced, and moreover a correct its characteristics. Next the statics, dynamics, and kinematics of the friction system is given, forming the force characteristics of this system for each of the mechanical behaviours, taking into account real inertia forces of the body under friction. Three types of coefficients of sliding friction have been separated, namely: coefficient of static friction, dynamic friction, and kinematic friction. Then the comparative analysis of existent and new knowledge on the force characteristics of friction process has been presented. The consideration on how to determine the coefficient of static friction has also been carried out. Reflections on the possibilities to form further force characteristics of the friction process are presented to develop this work with some final remarks directing the attention on the conditions of development of science on friction.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 8, 1; 20-26
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kinetics, Dynamics and Energy of Solid on the Example of a Tool Fixed Flexibly: Part 1 – Kinetics
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411517.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    kinetics
    Tool
    Machining space-time
    potential field
    Potential
    Mechanics
    Opis:
    This work investigates kinetics, dynamics and energy of solid on the example of a tool fixed flexibly under the process of cutting. The original approach to the tool kinetics was considered by the Authors earlier. This work consists with three parts referred to the kinetics, dynamics, and energy of solid. Present work is concerned on the development of kinetics problems of a solid represented by a tool fixed flexibly and is a continuation of the problem. Part 1 covers the definition and characteristics of the machining space-time and is referred generally to the kinetics. Then the kinetic and dynamic magnitudes characterizing tool in the space-time are described. The set of these magnitudes has been extended by introducing the properly understood impulse and time-effect. Part 2 of the work is to consider the dynamics of tool in the machining space-time. In Part 3, types of works in the machining space-time and energy of the tool fixed flexibly will be considered; the focus is to be put on an essential difference between work and energy.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 10, 1; 35-47
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Novel Modeling of the Work-Hardening Curve
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, P.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411581.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Hardening curve
    yield stress
    Relative deformation
    Relative deformation constant;
    Absolute strain constant
    Stress potential fields
    Strain potential fields
    Yield force
    Plastic rigidity
    Plastic energy
    Yield work
    Opis:
    The paper aims at a critical analysis of the existent description of plastic strengthening/ work-hardening curve. The adequate description of the curve, having a physical sense, has been proposed. The description begins from the very source which is the primary, general differential equation. That source was used to formulate the characteristics of the studied system. Then the analytical solution of the dependence between the yield stress and the relative deformation is provided. The description of the work-hardening curve has been developed to further form a proper dependence of the yield force on the absolute yield strain. Other functional characteristics, namely the coefficient of the plastic rigidity, yield work, and the plastic potentials, have also been formed.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 4; 73-90
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adequate theory of oscillator: a prelude to verification of classical mechanics. Part 3
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411768.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    oscylator
    zasada zachowania energii
    potencjał pola
    grawitacja
    oscillator
    energy
    principle of energy conservation
    space-time
    potential field
    gravitation
    Opis:
    In the paper, the adequate theory of oscillator is presented, being a sort of prelude to verification of the classical theory of mechanics. The developed theory is based on a properly understood notion of energy, quantum value changes of its determined measures (potentials), as well as of such chan ges types of sites of full energetic states which presents the essence of the true principle of the energy conservation. In the first part of the paper the principle of energy conservation was considered. Then the energetic aspects of the oscillator motion, with an exemplary real system motion, were presented in the second Part. This part of the paper is devoted to the kinetics of a body in harmonic motion and verification of the adequate theory of oscillator. At the end, the determination of the gravity acceleration by means of mathematical pendulum is performed to confirm the presented findings.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 3; 11-23
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the fictional and real lost gravitation force
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411829.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    fikcyjna siła grawitacji
    reguła d'Alemberta
    prawdziwa grawitacja
    siła grawitacji
    potencjał pola (SSPF)
    niestabilny statyczny potencjał pola (ASPF)
    czasoprzestrzeń
    fictional gravitation force
    d'Alembert's rule
    real gravitation force/gravitation force
    stable static potential field (SSPF)
    unstable static potential field (ASPF)
    interstate space
    space-time
    rigid system
    mass-flexible system
    Opis:
    The paper covers a critical approach to the natural reality study which is the method of scientific cognition. The existent so called d`Alembert's rule is the link of reality on which the specific attention is focused. The critics is directed to the fictional inertia force covered in the mentioned rule. The necessity for its elimination from the reality description has been presented. Instead, it is proved that a real inertia force occurs. A proper exemplification material has been delivered with two examples of force equilibrium of the system. One of them refers to a rigid system being both under stable and unstable states. The second one covers also these two states but it is referred to a mass-flexible system. Finally, the discussed solution of the problem has been explained on the example of mathematic pendulum and a mass-string system.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2012, 4; 8-16
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quantum Nature of Vehicle Motion
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411906.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    vehicle
    Motion
    potential field
    Space-time
    kinetics
    time constant
    Energetic bridge
    Static potential field
    Kinematic potential field
    Length of potential field
    Opis:
    The paper presents a new adequate look on the character of motion of any material body, such as moving vehicle. It has been proved, that motion of material bodies has a quantum character. Due to this their consecutive energetic states are obtained by a jump. The phenomenon of quantum in the reference to vehicle kinetics has been derived by indicating its place on the background of characteristics of whole mechanics. The length of vehicle way in particular phases of its motion is that source characteristics the derivatives of which form the development of motion description of a material solid/body. It has been indicated that the quantum nature of body motion does not depend on its magnitude. Thus, as has been noticed, there is an analogy between the macro-body motion and electron motion which change its energy also by jump, by getting from one orbit (energetic level) to another.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 8, 1; 37-48
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A developed version of the Hooke’s law
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411944.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Hooke's law
    system approach
    Deformation zones
    Zones of forces and stresses
    rigidity
    Coefficient of elastic rigidity
    Young's modulus
    Modulus of own/particular elasticity
    Opis:
    The paper contains a proper approach to the Hooke's law as well as its developed version. A system approach was applied covering all the process of material elongation. An adequate interpretation of this law is given indicating that it touches only changes of magnitudes which describe the considered reality. The plot of elongation curve has been presented by separating a series of proper zones connected with the phenomena occurring in this process. A developed version of the Hooke's law, taking into account the considered reality concerning the material stress both its own as well as caused by external loading, is the conclusion of these considerations.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 2; 49-59
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermodynamic Characteristics of Solid
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411946.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    thermodynamic characteristics
    interstate space
    hermodynamics
    solid
    potential field
    specific proper heat energy
    specific gained heat energy
    energetic band
    heat work
    source characteristics of entropy growth
    entropy constant
    Opis:
    The paper is to present the developed thermodynamic characteristics of a solid. The existent description of dependence of temperature on the proper entropy (thermal capacitance) was used as the beginning point of the considerations. A critical evaluation of the picture of that dependence was a consecutive link of the considerations. Furthermore, an adequate description of the discussed heat phenomenon, taking into account the detailed characteristics of the entropy growth characteristics, has been presented. This characteristics indicates a clear quantum character of the studied reality, reflected by the potentials, proper and gained, respectively. These magnitudes are the measures of the proper and gained specific energies of this thermodynamic factor. The dependence of temperature on the specific energy has been described to formulate a formula on the heat work. At the end the dependence between the specific heat and the entropy constant is derived. In conclusion, a quantum nature of macroscopic reality has been noticed together with the definition of the heat energy notion. The necessity of noticing the description of any other reality in this scale has been indicated.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 2; 60-71
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the Quantum Theory of Impact Phenomenon for the Conditions of Elastic Deformation of Impacted Body
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412030.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    impact
    Quantum (potential)
    potential field
    energy
    Principle of mechanical energy conservation
    space-time
    dynamics
    Opis:
    The work contains some of the elements of adequate quantum theory of impact phenomenon. These elements form the prelude to verification of the existent non-adequate theory of the impact phenomenon. At first a correct definition of impact has been formulated. For comparison, the interpretation of the elastic impact according to the existent knowledge is given. Then, taking advantage of the new correctly formulated the principle of mechanical energy conservation, the energetic states of impacting body have been described. Basing on this, the formula on dynamic deflection has been derived. This formula is adequate in character and fully corresponds with investigated reality.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 7, 1; 45-59
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kinetics of Flexibly Fixed Operating Element of a Rotating Device
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    kinetics
    susceptibility
    device
    potential field
    time constant
    body trajectory
    path length
    velocity
    acceleration
    Opis:
    The work covers the adequate kinetics of the flexibly fixed working element of a rotating device. First the literature background of the problem has been presented, turning the attention on such systems where the phenomenon of centrifugal displacement of a body due to the rotating of the system occurs. Then the general characteristics of the complex motion of working element has been described. The core of the work is the description of the variable component motions, with the starting point of the description being the source differential equation, presenting this type of dependence of the path length on time. The accelerated angular motion and retarded radial motion have been separated, describing these component motions as the function of time. Based on these detailed descriptions, the trajectory equation of working element, the derivatives and further kinetic magnitudes, have been derived. In the conclusion, the cognitive and practical qualities of the presented solutions of the title problem, have been accented.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 3; 67-84
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Novel Theory of Mathematical Pendulum. Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412290.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    mathematical pendulum
    Inertia
    force characteristics
    potential field
    Stable state
    Unstable state
    Opis:
    In the paper, a new adequate theory of a simple mathematical pendulum is presented. This paper consists of two parts. In Part 1, the behaviour of pendulum in particular points, that is in central and terminal/extremum ones have been analyzed very carefully in detail. System of forces in these points was considered with a special attention turned towards the terminal points where the equilibrium of forces occurs and in the next moment the lack of that equilibrium takes place with the proof of the open polygon of forces as the condition of beginning of accelerated free variable motion. Part 2 of the paper is to be devoted to the kinetics of the pendulum weight presented by separating in it the descriptions of differentiated motion of this body in the consecutive neighbouring space-times corresponding with particular quarter-periods. In the conclusion, further elaborations in the subject are forecasted, regarding both dynamics and energy of the flat mathematical pendulum.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 9, 2; 136-145
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Critics of Existent Theory of Mathematical Pendulum. Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, Z.
    Hryniewicz, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412410.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    mathematical pendulum
    Vibration period
    amplitude
    angular velocity
    Force of gravity
    Force of inertia
    Opis:
    In the framework of this paper a deep critics of existent theory of the simple mathematical pendulum is presented. This work consists of two parts. In the first part of the paper, a thesis is stated to derive a mystification character of the theory. The up-to-date, excerpted from the literature, descriptions of the oscillation motion of the mathematical pendulum, are delivered. This part of the paper is to show that the existent theory describes simply a shadow of the rotating apparent mathematical pendulum. The necessity to re-build the existent theory has been indicated.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 8, 2; 113-122
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of the influence of atmospheric intensity on the wooden façade of the building by visualization method
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, M.
    Thiis, T. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100246.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    3D visualization
    3D modeling
    data integration
    animation
    wizualizacja 3D
    modelowanie 3D
    animacja
    Opis:
    3D visualization is one of the forms of presentation of spatial phenomena, which, thanks to the development of new technologies of acquiring, modeling and providing spatial information, is one of the most popular methods of presenting real objects in the virtual world. Practice shows that 3D visualization is increasingly being used by different entities to present research results in 3D form, thereby ensuring better readability of the papers. The paper describes the methodology of 3D visualization of the influence of atmospheric conditions on wooden facades of a school building. Methods of obtaining data for the purpose of creating a 3D model of a research object, processing vector and raster data, and rendering the final animation were described. The results of the study show that the use of 3D visualization as a form of presenting research results enables accurate estimation of the intensity of atmospheric conditions on the vertical elevation, taking into account the exact geometry of the research object.
    Źródło:
    Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape; 2017, 2; 115-121
    2300-1496
    Pojawia się w:
    Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Aspekty motywacyjno-emocjonalne uprawiania turystyki
    Motivational and emotional aspects of tourism
    Autorzy:
    Kasperczyk, M.
    Pilis, T.
    Gabrys, T.
    Pluta, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/5018.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Opis:
    The purpose of the investigation was to characterize motives of tourist outings and description of emotions that are connected with those outings among students. The survey was made by means of questioning a group of 117 people. The survey revealed that the initiation of tourist outings usually takes place in one’s childhood, with one’s family. The number of family outings diminishes with age in favour of outings in the company of teachers, tutors, guides and friends. The number of lone trekking also grows. The dominant motives inspiring students to engage in tourism are: an opportunity to be with friends in conditions that are different from the usual ones, the need for new experiences, visiting museums and monuments of history, getting away from problems of everyday life, re-experiencing beauty of the mountains, the sea, beautiful landscapes. Emotions most frequently experienced by students during their tourist outings are the extraordinary feelings connected with admiration of beauty of nature, the feeling of freedom and joy, feeling of contentment in spite of tiredness, unusual sensation resulting from watching the starry sky at night. It has been established that most students (about 61%) display positive attitudes towards the natural and cultural environments, whereas their opinions of mass tourism are negative. Students recognize the need of environmental education starting in the early years of life, so that habits of appropriate behavior in natural environment can be formed and consolidated
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna; 2005, 06
    1895-8680
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prognozy popytu na paliwa i energię w Polsce i na świecie
    Forecasts of demand for fuels and energy in Poland and in the world
    Autorzy:
    Olkuski, T.
    Wyrwa, A.
    Pluta, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/319310.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
    Tematy:
    energia
    paliwa
    prognozy
    energy
    fuels
    proposals
    Opis:
    W artykule zostaną przedstawione prognozy zapotrzebowania na paliwa i energię zarówno w Polsce jak i w świecie. Autorzy przedstawią i porównają różne scenariusze rozwoju opracowane przez uznane zespoły eksperckie oraz pokażą własne prognozy i przewidywania na następne lata. W artykule zostaną pokazane zasoby surowców energetycznych, popyt, podaż oraz możliwości ich wykorzystania w kolejnych latach. Zostanie też zwrócona uwaga na aspekty społeczne. Jak wiadomo same zasoby nie dają gwarancji ich wydobycia i wykorzystania. Silny nacisk ze strony ekologów i lokalnych społeczności może zablokować nawet ekonomiczne bardzo opłacalne inwestycje. Klasycznym przykładem jest węgiel brunatny. Z tego surowca wytwarzana jest najtańsza energia elektryczna w Polsce, ale sprzeciw lokalnych społeczności nie pozwala na udostępnianie nowych odkrywek w kraju, chociaż za naszą zachodnią granicą Niemcy nie napotykają na tego typu problemy. Z drugiej jednak strony, surowce kopalne kiedyś ulegną całkowitemu sczerpaniu i trzeba będzie sięgnąć po alternatywne źródła energii. Słońce, wiatr i woda oraz energia geotermiczna stwarzają możliwości ich wykorzystania dla potrzeb ludzkości, choć nie wszędzie i nie zawsze jest to możliwe, a w większości przypadków jest nieopłacalne. Innym źródłem energii jest energia atomowa. Gdy budowano pierwsze elektrownie atomowe przewidywano, że energia elektryczna będzie tak tania, że będzie można z niej korzystać za darmo. Później jednak okazało się, że choć koszty produkcji nie są wysokie to koszty inwestycyjne są tak ogromne, głównie ze względów bezpieczeństwa, że wielu inwestycji w ogóle nie rozpoczęto, choć były takie plany. Również kilka poważnych awarii, zwłaszcza w Czarnobylu i w Fukushimie nastawiło negatywnie społeczeństwa wielu krajów to tego typu inwestycji. Należy podchodzić bardzo sceptycznie do planów budowy elektrowni jądrowej w Polsce, gdyż przygotowania do jej realizacji trwają już bardzo długo ale żadna konkretna decyzja nie została podjęta. Autorzy z niecierpliwością oczekują obiecywanego od dawna dokumentu rządowego Polityka energetyczna Polski do 2050 roku. Powinien on określić kierunki rozwoju energetyki w Polsce i wytyczyć działania na następne lata. Obserwując działania rządu i słuchając wystąpień ministra i wiceministrów energii oraz znając potencjał górnictwa i energetyki w Polsce można zakładać, że węgiel nadal pozostanie podstawowym surowcem energetycznym w naszym kraju. Działania modernizacyjne, konsolidacja podmiotów wydobywczych oraz rosnące ceny węgla w świecie pozwalają optymistycznie patrzeć w przyszłość. Również prowadzone inwestycje w energetyce, tzn., budowa nowych bloków w elektrowni Kozienice, Opole, Jaworzno oraz plany inwestycji w Ostrołęce umocnią węglowy wizerunek naszej energetyki. Choć przyszłość jest niepewna ze względu na coraz ostrzejsze normy emisji gazów cieplarnianych i nieznane ceny uprawnień do emisji CO2 w ramach EU ETS jak również dążenie Komisji Europejskiej do dekarbonizacji gospodarki unijnej, budowane dziś nowe bloki energetyczne będą pracowały przez wiele lat ale energia elektryczna w nich wytwarzana może być droższa. Niemniej jednak opieranie gospodarki na rodzimych surowcach energetycznych daje gwarancję większego bezpieczeństwa energetycznego niż korzystanie z surowców importowanych. Zwłaszcza gaz, wygodny w użyciu i dający możliwości szybkiej reakcji na zmianę zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną jest surowcem bardzo zależnym od koniunktury politycznej i zdecydowanie droższy od węgla. Jak widać prognozy popytu na paliwa i energię zależą od bardzo wielu czynników dlatego w artykule zostaną przedstawione różne scenariusze, a który okaże się prawdziwy będzie można sprawdzić dopiero po latach.
    The article presents the forecasts of demand for fuels and energy in both Poland and worldwide. The authors present and compare various development scenarios developed by recognized expert teams and original forecasts and predictions for the next years. The article presents the energy resources, the demand and supply for them, and the possibilities of their use in the following years. Special attention is paid to social aspects. As we know, the resources themselves do not guarantee their extraction and use. Strong pressure from environmentalists and local communities can block even the most economically viable investments. A classic example is lignite. The mentioned raw material is the source of the cheapest electricity in Poland, but the opposition of local communities prevents the development of new opencast mines, despite the fact that our neighbor from the West, that is Germany, is not facing such problems. On the other hand, it is inevitable that fossil energy resources will become depleted and alternative sources of energy will have to be used. Solar, wind, and water power, plus geothermal energy can be used for the needs of mankind - but not everywhere and not always; in fact, in most cases their use is not economically viable. Another source of energy is nuclear power. When the first nuclear power plants were built, it was predicted that electricity would be so cheap that it would be possible to use it for free. However, it turned out that although the production costs are not high, the investment costs are so huge, mainly due to security reasons, that many investments were not started at all, even though they were planned. In addition, several major accidents, especially in Chernobyl and Fukushima, are the reason why societies in many countries have developed a negative attitude towards this type of investment. One should be very skeptical about plans to build a nuclear power plant in Poland; while preparations have been going on for a very long time, no decision has been made yet. The authors are waiting for the long-promised government document titled the Energy Policy of Poland until 2050 It should determine the directions of energy development in Poland and determine the actions to be taken in the next years. Looking at the government's actions, listening to the speeches of the minister and deputy ministers of energy, and knowing the potential of mining and energy industry in Poland, it can be assumed that coal will remain the main energy resource in our country. Modernization activities, consolidation of mining entities, and the worldwide increase in coal prices allow for an optimistic outlook. Also, investments in the energy sector, i.e. the new units installed in the Kozienice, Opole, and Jaworzno power plants, and the investments planned at Ostrołęka, will strengthen the future position of coal in the energy sector. Although the future is uncertain due to the increasingly stringent greenhouse gas emission standards, unknown prices of CO2 emission allowances under the EU ETS, and the European Commission's efforts to decarbonize the EU economy, the new energy units will be used for many years. However, the power produced in them may be more expensive. Nevertheless, basing the economy on the domestic energy sources guarantees greater energy security than the imported raw materials. This is particularly evident in the case of natural gas, convenient to use and responsive to electricity demand changes, which is very dependent on the political situation and definitely more expensive than coal. It is clear that the forecasts of demand for fuels and energy depend on a number of factors. Therefore the article presents various scenarios. Which one will turn out to be real? This question will be answered in the future.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria Mineralna; 2017, R. 18, nr 2, 2; 145-152
    1640-4920
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria Mineralna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wyniki wstępnych badań nad długookresowym rozwojem krajowego systemu wytwarzania energii elektrycznej w Polsce
    Results of preliminary studies on the long-term development of the power system in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, M.
    Wyrwa, A.
    Mirowski, T.
    Zyśk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282363.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
    Tematy:
    system elektroenergetyczny
    modelowanie matematyczne
    badanie długookresowe
    prognoza do 2050
    National Power System
    mathematical modeling
    long-term study
    forecast to 2050
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono wyniki wstępnych badań nad długookresowym rozwojem Krajowego Systemu Elektroenergetycznego (KSE) w Polsce. W szczególności zbadano wpływ cen uprawnień do emisji CO2 (EUA) wynikających z dwóch scenariuszy Energetycznej Mapy Drogowej 2050 na zmiany w strukturze mocy wytwórczych oraz produkcji w KSE. Głównym narzędziem analitycznym wykorzystanym w pracy był generator modeli systemów energetycznych - TIMES. W artykule zaprezentowano zbudowany i wykorzystany do analizy referencyjny model krajowego systemu wytwarzania energii elektrycznej w Polsce. Przedstawiono podstawowe założenia obliczeniowe obejmujące prognozy: cen i poda nośników energii pierwotnej, cen uprawnień do emisji CO2 zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną oraz parametrów techniczno-ekonomicznych stosowanych technologii energetycznych. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na istotne zmiany w strukturze paliwowej i technologicznej KSE do roku 2050 spowodowane polityką dekarbonizacyjną. Zmiany te pogłębia wzrost ceny EUA. Znacząco wzrośnie rola źródeł niskoemisyjnych: odnawialnych, głównie elektrowni wiatrowych i elektrociepłowni opalanych biomasą, elektrowni jądrowych, elektrowni opalanych węglem brunatnym wyposażonych w technologie CCS.
    This paper presents the results of preliminary studies on the long-term development of the power system in Poland. In particular, it analyzes the impact of the price of CO2 emission allowances resulting from the two scenarios of the Energy Roadmap 2050 on the change in the structure of generating capacity and production. The main analytical tool used in the examination was the TIMES model generator. The paper further describes the Reference Energy System developed and used. The main computational assumptions include predictions of the following: prices and supply of primary energy sources, prices of CO2 emission allowances (EUA), the demand for electricity, the technical and economic parameters of energy technologies. The results revealed significant changes in the structure of fuels and technologies up to 2050 caused by the decarbonization policy. These changes deepen with the increase in the EUA price. The role of low carbon technologies such as: renewables, mainly wind turbines and biomass CHPs, nuclear power plants, brown coal power plants equipped with CCS will significantly increase.
    Źródło:
    Polityka Energetyczna; 2012, 15, 4; 85-96
    1429-6675
    Pojawia się w:
    Polityka Energetyczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wykorzystanie metody RT-PCR w hodowli odpornościowej porzeczki czarnej (Ribes nigrum L.) na rewersję
    The use of RT-PCR method in the blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) breeding for resistance to reversion
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, S.
    Malinowski, T.
    Kuras, A.
    Zurawicz, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/802603.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Opis:
    Rewersja porzeczki czarnej, wywoływana przez wirus BRV (ang. Blackcurrant reversion virus), jest najgroźniejszą chorobą wirusową porzeczki czarnej. Znane są dwa typy rewersji: E (European) i R (Russian). Oba typy są w wysokim stopniu szkodliwe. Dlatego w hodowli odpornościowej konieczne jest badanie odporności na rewersję typu E i R. W tej pracy przedstawiono zastosowanie metody IC-RT-PCR do wykrywania wirusa BRV i identyfikacji jego izolatów dla potrzeb hodowli odpornościowej. Metodę stosowano do testowania hodowlanych materiałów wyjściowych i materiału elitarnego nowych odmian oraz przy ocenie odporności na rewersję wybranych genotypów. W latach 2001-2002 przebadano ponad 60 próbek pobranych z 54 roślin. Obecność wirusa sprawdzano stosując dwa różne zestawy starterów w reakcji RT-PCR. Zastosowanie testu IC-RT-PCR umożliwiło wczesne wykrycie choroby i wyeliminowanie porażonych roślin. Opracowano także metodę IC-RT-PCR-RFLP umożliwiającą identyfikację kilku wybranych izolatów na podstawie wzoru prążków cDNA, uzyskiwanych po trawieniu produktu RT-PCR trzema enzymami restrykcyjnymi. Metoda ta będzie stosowana przy badaniu zróżnicowania odporności odmian i klonów porzeczki czarnej na rewersję typu E i R.
    Reversion caused by Blackcurrant reversion virus (BRV) is the most serious virus disease of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.). Two forms (types) of disease: E (European) and R (Russian) are known. Both types are highly harmful. Therefore, the resistance to both types should be checked at breeding for resistance. Application of IC-RT-PCR method for detection of BRV and identification of its isolates were presented in this paper. The method was applied for testing parental forms and elite plant material of new cultivars as well as for evaluation of selected genotypes' resistance to reversion. More than 60 samples collected from 54 plants were tested in 2001 and 2002. The virus detection was conducted using two different primer sets in IC-RT-PCR reaction. Application of IC-RT-PCR tests enabled early detection of virus infection and rejection of diseased plants. IC-RT-PCR-RFLP method was designed for identification of selected isolates based on using three restriction enzymes for digestion of RT-PCR product. This method could be used for investigation of resistance of blackcurrant cultivars and clones to E and R types of reversion.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2002, 488, 1
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of super-selective uterine artery branch embolization and methotrexate in cervical pregnancy - case reports and literature review
    Autorzy:
    Oleksik, T.P.
    Pluta, K.
    Issat, T.
    Jakimiuk, A.
    Wierzba, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28762721.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2021, 28, 3; 521-524
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Atrakcyjność turystyczna szlaków wokół Góry Zborów
    Tourist attractiveness of the tracks around Zborow Mountain
    Autorzy:
    Pluta, R.
    Pilis, W.
    Pilis, K.
    Gabrys, T.
    Pilis, T.
    Michalik, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/5059.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Opis:
    The purpose of the paper was presenting tourist attractions of footpaths and difficulties in the area of Mountain Zborów, which is a fragment of Kroczyce Rocks in the central part of Kraków – Częstochowa Upland. About 7.75 km long footpaths were evaluated, walking from the crossing of the blue footpath with Żarki – Kroczyce road, until it joins the red footpath on the other side of Mountain Zborów. Walking down from this mountain along the red footpath and Żarki – Kroczyce road we returned to the start point. During the evaluation which was made in August the state of footpaths and the environment around them was observed. Moreover, workload of a 25 year old tourist walking on the foothpaths was also investigated. For this purpose, the man covered this distance in the time of about 75 min. His heart rate (HR) was registered two times: without and with 11.5 kg backpack. The difference in load seems to be quite significant for the tourist’s organism, as the mean HR on footpaths without any load was 129 beats per min and increased to 147 beats per min when the tourist was carrying the backpack. During climbing with backpack to the top of Zborów Mountain the tourist’s HR exceeded 180 beats per min. The analysis revealed that, trekking along the above mentioned foothpaths increased workload of human organism, and the discussed foothpaths were characterized by a great variety of tourist attriactions, especially visited at weekends.
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna; 2005, 06
    1895-8680
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the possibility to apply airborne and terrestrial laser scanning in protecting areas of natura 2000
    Analiza możliwości zastosowania naziemnego i lotniczego skaningu laserowego w ochronie obszarów natura 2000
    Autorzy:
    Gawronek, P.
    Mitka, B.
    Noszczyk, T.
    Pluta, M.
    Zygmunt, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47342.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
    Opis:
    The Natura 2000 network is a fundamental element of EU policy in the field of nature protection and the example of Europe’s enormous efforts to preserve biodeversity for future generations. Detailed principles of conduct in Natura 2000 areas are determined separately for each area and recorded in the plans for protection tasks. Planning effective action, and particularly identifying specific treatment of acitve protection requires monitoring and assessment of the conservation status of the natural environment and its factors. This paper is an analysis of the application of technology of airborne and terrestrial laser scanning in this context. Research carried out on a part of Natura 2000 area, Białka Valley (PLH120024), indicated that development conducted on point clouds allows for monitoring habitat enrichment, and supports the process of creating plans for protection tasks.
    Sieć Natura 2000 to podstawowy element polityki Unii Europejskiej w dziedzinie ochrony przyrody i przykład ogromnego wysiłku Europy na rzecz zachowania różnorodności biologicznej dla przyszłych pokoleń. Szczegółowe zasady postępowania na obszarach Natura 2000 są ustalane odrębnie dla każdego terenu i zapisywane w planach zadań ochronnych (PZO). Planowanie efektywnych działań, a zwłaszcza wskazywanie konkretnych zabiegów ochrony czynnej wymaga monitoringu i oceny stanu zachowania środowiska przyrodniczego oraz jego czynników. Praca stanowi analizę możliwości zastosowania technologii naziemnego i lotniczego skaningu laserowego w tym zakresie. Prace badawcze przeprowadzone na fragmencie obszaru Natura 2000 „Dolina Białki” (PLH120024) dowiodły, że wykonane na chmurach punktów opracowania pozwalają na wzbogacenie monitoringu siedlisk przyrodniczych i wspomagają proces tworzenia planów zadań ochronnych.
    Źródło:
    Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2014, 13, 4
    1644-0625
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Yield of winter wheat as a cover crop, undersowns and stubble crops with regard to nitrogen accumulation
    Plonowanie pszenicy ozimej jako rośliny ochronnej oraz wsiewek i międzyplonów ścierniskowych z uwzględnieniem gromadzenia azotu
    Autorzy:
    Zajac, T.
    Oleksy, A.
    Klimek, A.
    Pluta, A.
    Kolodziejczyk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/46564.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
    Opis:
    In the experiment, the productivity of winter wheat grown with diversified nitrogen fertilization as a cover crop for the undersowns crop of seradella and white clover, as well as their mixture were compared. After wheat harvest, stubble crops of white mustard and fodder pea and their mixtures were sown. Field experiment was conducted in two growth seasons – 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 on Eutric Gleyic Cambisol, quality class IIIb and very good rye complex. Winter rape was the forecrop for winter wheat. Wheat fertilization with P and K amounted to, respectively, 33.4 and 74.7 kg. Wheat sowing was carried out annually in the third decade of September. The highest grain and wheat straw yield were obtained with nitrogen fertilization in the amount of 90 kg·ha-1. The number of grains per spike and thousand grain mass increased under the influence of nitrogen fertilization, which consequently increased grain yield. Winter wheat created favourable growth and development conditions for the undersowns crop of seradella and white clover, as well as their mixtures, regardless of the nitrogen dose. Stubble crop growth after winter wheat harvest increased the amount of manurial biomass, and the amount of accumulated nitrogen depended on the biological properties of the grown species. Species mixtures within the range of undersowns and stubble crops made it possible to obtain a high yield of dry mass and in a better way met the idea of the introduction of biodiversity into sustainable agriculture in comparison with monocrops.
    W badaniach porównano produkcyjność pszenicy ozimej, uprawianej przy zróżnicowanym nawożeniu azotem, jako rośliny ochronnej dla wsiewek seradeli pastew-nej i koniczyny białej oraz ich mieszanki. Po zbiorze pszenicy wysiano międzyplony ścierniskowe gorczycy białej i grochu pastewnego oraz ich mieszanki. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w dwóch sezonach wegetacyjnych 2004/2005 i 2005/2006 na glebie brunatnej właściwej oglejonej, zaliczonej do klasy bonitacyjnej IIIb i kompleksu przydatności rolniczej gleb żytniego bardzo dobrego. Przedplonem dla pszenicy ozimej był rzepak ozimy. Nawożenie P i K pod pszenicę wynosiło odpowiednio 33,4 i 74,7 kg. Siew pszenicy przeprowadzano corocznie w trzeciej dekadzie września. Najwyższy plon ziarna i słomy pszenicy uzyskano przy nawożeniu azotem w wysokości 90 kg·ha-1. Liczba ziaren w kłosie i masa 1000 ziaren ulegały zwiększeniu pod wpływem nawożenia azotem, co w efekcie zwiększało plon ziarna. Pszenica ozima stwarzała wsiewkom śródplonowym seradeli pastewnej i koniczyny białej oraz ich mieszankom korzystne warunki do wzrostu i rozwoju bez względu na wysokość dawki azotu. Uprawa międzyplonów ścierniskowych po zbiorze pszenicy ozimej zwiększyła ilość biomasy nawozowej, a ilość nagroma-dzonego azotu zależała od właściwości biologicznych uprawianego gatunku. Mieszanki gatunkowe w obrębie wsiewek śródplonowych i międzyplonów ścierniskowych umożli-wiły uzyskanie wysokiego plonu suchej masy i lepiej wpisywały się w ideę wprowadzania bioróżnorodności do rolnictwa zrównoważonego w porównaniu z międzyplonami jednogatunkowymi.
    Źródło:
    Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2010, 09, 3
    1644-0625
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rekreacyjna aktywność ruchowa byłych sportowców i skutki z niej wypływające
    Recreational activity of ex-sportsmen and its consequence
    Autorzy:
    Pilis, T.
    Pilis, K.
    Pluta, R.
    Wronski, Z.
    Pilis, W.
    Garbrys, T.
    Michalik, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/4718.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Opis:
    An enquiry investigation was carried out during XIV Polish Veterans Light Athletics Championships which took place in Częstochowa on July 3rd and 4th 2004. An older group of 27 females and 154 males was tested (52.21 ± 9.46 years). 160 of the respondents inhabited urban areas, 58.56% were higher education graduates and most of them trained light athletics 3 or more times a week (70.72% of respondents). Over 95% people described their state of health as good or very good, and 96% of them declared their physical fitness as good or very good. The respondents spent more money on sport than on health protection. Hypertension was more often observed in people who trained short track running, throwing and jumping (16.67%), than in people who trained endurance exercise (10.39%). The investigation revealed that a good state of health and physical fitness of respondents were related to their level of education, whereas, they do not corresponded to the amount of money spent on sport and health protection.
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna; 2005, 06
    1895-8680
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of effectiveness of measuring concrete water dam with terrestrial laser scanners: RIEGL VZ-400, ZplusF IMAGER 5010
    Autorzy:
    Glowacka, A.
    Noszczyk, T.
    Zygmunt, M.
    Gawronek, P.
    Mitka, B.
    Pluta, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/62144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    comparison
    effectiveness
    measurement
    water dam
    concrete condition
    terrestrial laser scanner
    monitoring
    Opis:
    In the span of the last ten years a major spur of evolution has occurred in the area of obtaining object spatial data. The range and form of spatial data are subject to constant technical evolution, and what comes with that – the possibilities and effectiveness of their computation rise. Terrestrial laser scanning, which is the basis for obtaining 3D data, is also a subject of constant innovation. Currently, manufacturers of terrestrial laser scanners offer a wide range of advanced measurement devices; their precision and efficiency fulfill the need of geodesic monitoring. The scientific research in this article is a comparative analysis of the application of two terrestrial laser scanners used in the measurement of a water dam in Rożnowo. The results of the comparison present the ability to compare the influence of the type of measurement device used on the results of a periodical measurement of water dams.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2014, IV/3
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Konsekwencje wypadków turystycznych i rekreacyjnych
    Consequences of touristic and recreational accidents
    Autorzy:
    Pilis, W.
    Nowak, B.
    Pilis, K.
    Michalik, A.
    Pilis, T.
    Czochara, M.
    Pluta, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/4814.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Opis:
    The purpose of the present study was to examine the consciousness of tourists within the scope of an organizational, economical and law situation of institutions giving first aid to injured people in touristic and recreational accidents. In order to complete the task, 151 adults taking part in tourism and recreation were examined by using survey. The study showed that outdoor form of recreation are more popular than traditional (indoor) kinds of sports. Moreover, the tourists condemn risky and reckless behaviours during these kinds of spending free time. The people inquired think, that tourists should participate in the costs of providing first aid for injured in this kind of accidents. In their opinion, financial situation of organizations which give first aid in touristic accidents is not satisfactory and they do not know any offer of insurance in this scope.
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna; 2007, 07
    1895-8680
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sheep and horse grazing in a large-scale protection area and its positive impact on chemical and biological soil Properties
    Autorzy:
    Futa, B.
    Patkowski, K.
    Bielinska, E.J.
    Gruszecki, T.M.
    Pluta, M.
    Kulik, M.
    Chmielewski, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905462.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Opis:
    This paper looks into the impact of free grazing by sheep and horses on the chemical and biological properties of soils in the partial protection zone of the Roztocze National Park. The study sampled three different types of pastureland in the area: pastures for sheep, horses and for combined grazing by sheep and horses. Compared to an ungrazed reference pasture, free grazing significantly stimulated the activity of enzymes which catalyze the transformation of organic matter (dehydrogenases, phosphatases and ureases) and it also positively influenced other chemical properties of the soils. Among the soils under free-grazing management, the pasture grazed to horses underwent the most advantageous changes in terms of the eco-chemical status of the soil.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2016, 49, 2
    0079-2985
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Soil Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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