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Tytuł:
Studies of Composition of Surfaces and Interfaces with the Use of Auger Electron Spectroscopy
Autorzy:
Mróz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945166.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
68.35.-p
68.55.-a
Opis:
Processes leading to the Auger electron emission from the sample bombarded with a primary electron beam are discussed. It is shown that every element has its characteristic spectrum of Auger lines, and that owing to a small inelastic mean free path of Auger electrons, information obtained from Auger electron spectroscopy concerns the composition of surface layer of 0.5-1 nm thick. Experimental methods of Auger electron spectroscopy are presented together with problems connected with separation of Auger electrons from the secondary electron spectrum. Advantages and disadvantages of some electron energy spectrometers are considered. Methods of quantitative Auger analysis of homogeneous samples with the use of standards and catalogues of Auger spectra are presented. The role of matrix corrections in quantitative Auger analysis is discussed. Problems arising in Auger analysis of insulating samples are considered and methods of discharging of such samples are presented. Depth profiling of inhomogeneous samples by Auger electron spectroscopy with ion bombardment sputtering is described, and possibilities and limitations of this procedure are discussed. Principles of scanning Auger microscopy are presented. Factors determining the lateral resolution are discussed. Possibilities of Auger electron spectroscopy and scanning Auger microscopy in analysis of composition of grain boundaries exposed by in situ fracture are presented and discussed. Possibilities and limitations of Auger electron spectroscopy in the investigation of solid state surfaces are summarized.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1996, 89, 2; 183-193
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Composition and Order-Disorder Transition in the $Cu_3Au$ (001) Surface Layer Investigated with the Use of DAES and DEPES
Autorzy:
Rok, Ł.
Mróz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-12
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.05.J-
68.35.Rh
Opis:
The composition of the first atomic layer of $Cu_3Au$(001) crystal (about half-and-half copper and gold atoms) changes only slowly even at temperatures much higher than that of the order-disorder transition ($T_C$ = 663 K). Theoretical and experimental works show a general trend of these changes but they differ in quantitative findings. In the present work we used directional elastic peak electron spectroscopy and directional Auger electron spectroscopy to investigate changes of atomic order and composition in the first atomic layers of the $Cu_3Au$(001) crystal during the sample temperature increase. The height of central maximum in DEPES polar profile of the sample investigated was measured as a function of sample temperature. It was found that the measured dependence is linear, but the slope of this dependence changes abruptly around $T_C$. This change seems to be connected with disappearance of the atomic order in the first and second atomic layers. In DAES the height of the Auger peaks for copper and gold low energy transitions (MVV and NVV, respectively) were measured in the dN(E)/dE mode as a function of the primary electron beam incidence angle. The composition of the first, second, and third atomic layers was determined by fitting the ratio of calculated DAES polar profiles for copper and gold to such a ratio for the measured profiles.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 114, S; S-115-S-124
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Directional Auger Electron Spectroscopy - Possibilities, Limitations and Proposal of Improvements
Autorzy:
Mróz, S.
Rok, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-12
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.05.J-
68.35.Rh
Opis:
Physical foundations of directional auger electron spectroscopy (DAES) and calculation of DAES profiles in single scattering cluster approach are presented. Limitations of this method (application only to investigation of the crystalline structure of homogeneous samples) is shown and explained as the result of participation of inelastically scattered electrons in the Auger signal generation. To extend the DAES application for the interface structure, the use of as low as possible energy of primary electrons is proposed because in such a case the participation of inelastically scattered electrons becomes negligible and single scattering cluster calculation should describe correctly the DAES profiles for interfaces. Besides, the extension of single scattering cluster calculations to the second elastic scattering is recommended. To check the technical possibility of DAES use in the proposed version, the Auger spectrum of Cu LMM peaks was recorded for a $Cu_3Au$(001) sample with the use of a retarding field analyzer with the primary beam energy 1200 eV. Quality of this spectrum seems to be good enough for using in DAES.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 114, S; S-93-S-101
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Problems in Quantitative Auger Analysis of Metallic Alloys
Autorzy:
Mróz, S.
Doliński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1892438.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
79.20.Fv
68.35.Dv
Opis:
Factors determining the Auger signal intensity are discussed. It is indicated that using standards is the only reasonable way for quantitative Auger analysis (QAA). Approaches to QAA without and with matrix corrections are presented. It is shown that the matrix correction connected with atomic concentrations of pure standards is the most important and that the other matrix corrections (e.g. those connected with the attenuation length and backscattering factor) do not improve appreciably the QAA exactness in many examples taken from the literature. The examples indicate that in the case of metallic alloys the properly performed QAA gives the relative atomic concentrations with the error not exceeding few percent.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1992, 81, 2; 201-210
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Processes Occurring during Silver Adsorption on Copper and Nickel at Elevated Temperatures
Autorzy:
Wodecki, J.
Mróz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943977.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
68.35.-p
68.55.-a
Opis:
A flux of silver atoms reevaporated from the copper and nickel targets during deposition of silver was measured as a function of the target temperature during spontaneous cooling from 1150 K and during heating the target with deposited several silver monolayers from room temperature to 1150 K. Differences in the measured dependences for both targets give the evidence of competition between reevaporation of silver atoms from the copper surface and their dissolution in the copper bulk and are in accordance with the lack of silver dissolution in nickel. Thus, the role of silver dissolution in the copper surface layer during silver adsorption at elevated temperatures is experimentally evidenced. Activation energy for silver dissolution in the copper substrate was estimated to be equal to 1.7-2.4 eV/atom.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1996, 89, 1; 69-74
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Very Thin Silver Layer Growth on the Cu(1II) Face at Different Temperatures
Autorzy:
Mróz, S.
Stachnik, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1892480.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
68.35.-p
68.55.-a
Opis:
Measurements of work function changes (ΔΦ) and Auger Electron Spectroscopy were used for investigation of very thin silver layer adsorption on the (111) face of copper crystal. At room temperature the layer-by-layer growth was observed while at temperatures above 850 K ΔΦ and the Auger peak height kinetics indicated the presence of silver diffusion to the surface layer of the copper sample.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1992, 81, 2; 233-238
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Groove Rolling Process of Mg/Al Bimetallic Bars
Autorzy:
Mróz, S.
Stefanik, A.
Szota, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353827.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bimetallic bars
Mg alloy
groove rolling
multi-radial passes
Opis:
The paper presents the results of the experimental tests of Mg/Al bimetallic bars rolling process in classic and multi-radial modified round-oval-round passes. The bimetallic bar consist of magnesium core, grade AZ31 and aluminium outer layer, grade 1050A. The stocks were round bars with diameter 22.5 mm with an aluminium layer share of 28%. As a result of rolling in four passes, bars of a diameter of about 17 mm were obtained. A bimetallic feedstock was manufactured using an explosive welding method. The use of the designed arrangement of multi-radial modified stretching passes resulted in obtaining Mg/Al bimetallic bars with an uniform distribution of the cladding layer over the bar perimeter and high quality of shear strength between individual layers compared to Mg/Al bars obtained in the classic passes.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 3; 1067-1072
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increasing the Durability of Separating Rolls During Rolling Ribbed Bars in the Three-Strand Technology
Autorzy:
Strycharska, D.
Szota, P.
Mróz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ribbed bar
slitting passes
wear
numerical modeling
FEM
Opis:
The paper presents the results of investigations aimed at enhancing the durability of slitting passes in the process of three-strand rolling of 16 mm-diameter ribbed bars. Using the Forge2011® computer program, numerical modelling of the rolling process was carried out in order to examine the variations in band shape in individual rolling passes, to verify the correctness of the designed new slitting pass system, to determine the local strains in the rolled band, and then to determine the distribution of unit friction force work on the roll groove surface. From the obtained investigation results it was found that the application of the new roll pass design in stands 13-16 increased their durability in the rolling process by approx. 30%. The wear of the roll sets for the stands under examination after rolling out the annual 16 mm-diameter bar production volume was determined in the study. The obtained numerical modelling results were verified in experimental tests.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 3; 1535-1540
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of the critical value of normalized cocroft - latham criterion during multi slight rolling based on tensile test
Określanie granicznej wartości znormalizowanego kryterium cocrofta - lathama podczas walcowania wielożyłowego na podstawie próby rozciągania
Autorzy:
Stefanik, A.
Dyja, H.
Mróz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351290.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
walcowanie wielożyłowe
znormalizowane kryterium Cocrofta-Lathama
pękanie
multi slit rolling
normalized Cockroft-Latham criterion
cracks
Opis:
The Multi Slit Rolling technology is generally employed during ribbed wired rods rolling process. This technology enabled of the making two, three, four rods simultaneously from a single strip (a continuous casting or billet) during hot rolling process. To analysis of the slitting process during MSR the normalized Cockroft - Latham criterion was used. Limit values of the normalized Cocroft - Latham criterion for different values of temperature and strain rates may be determined by using the comparative method for the uniaxial tensile test of notched specimens. In multi slitting rolling process determination of the critical values is difficult, and could be made by using the inverse method. In this paper comparison of the critical values of the normalized Cockroft - Latham criterion estimated in tensile test and during multi slitting rolling process were presented. A relationship enabled determination of the critical value of the normalized Cockroft - Latham criterion during multi slit rolling process based on tensile test was appointed.
Technologia walcowania z wielokrotnym podziałem pasma znajduje zastosowanie w procesach wytwarzania prętów żebrowanych. Ideą tej technologii jest możliwość wytwarzania dwóch, trzech, czterech, a nawet pięciu prętów z jednego pasma wsadowego. Do analizy procesu rozdzielania żył zastosowano znormalizowane kryterium Cockrofta - Lathama. Zależność granicznych wartości znormalizowanego kryterium Cockrofta - Lathama od temperatury oraz prędkości odkształcenia określono stosując metodę porównawczą dla próby jednoosiowego rozciągania próbek z karbem. Wyznaczenie granicznej wartości znormalizowanego kryterium Cockrofta - Lathama, przy której następuje rozdzielenie pasma w procesie walcowania wielożyłowego jest zagadnieniem bardziej skomplikowanym, do jego realizacji zastosowano metodę odwrotną. W pracy przedstawiono porównanie granicznych wartości znormalizowanego kryterium Cockrofta - Lathama wyznaczonych w próbie rozciągania próbek z karbem oraz podczas procesu walcowania wielożyłowego z wzdłużnym podziałem pasma. Przedstawiono zależność umożliwiającą określenie granicznej wartości analizowanego kryterium podczas walcowania wielożyłowego na podstawie wartości wyznaczonych w próbie rozciągania.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2011, 56, 2; 543-549
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Effect of Rolling Speed on the Capability to Produce Bimodal-Structure AZ31 Alloy Bars in the Three-High Skew Rolling Mill
Autorzy:
Stefanik, A.
Szota, P.
Mróz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352307.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
three-high skew rolling mill
radial-shear rolling
magnesium alloys
bimodal-structure bars
FEM
Opis:
A numerical analysis of the process of single-pass rolling of AZ31 magnesium alloy bars in the three-high skew rolling mill has been carried out in the study. Based on the obtained investigation results, the effect of rolling speed on the band twist and the state of stress and strain occurring in the rolled band has been determined. From the obtained results of the numerical studies it has been found that with the increase in rolling speed the unit band twist angle θ, increase, which translates into an increase in the value of tangential stress in the axial zone of the rolled bar. This contributes directly to an increase in redundant strain in the rolled bar axial zone, which brings about a structure refinement. To verify the effect of rolling speed on the flow pattern and the stress and strain state, experimental tests were carried out. It has been found from the tests that the band twist (flow pattern) contributes to obtaining a bimodal structure in the bar cross-section.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 1; 329-335
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 45

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