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Tytuł:
Algorithm for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 1: Mathematical apparatus
Autorzy:
Wozniak, B.
Krezel, A.
Darecki, M.
Wozniak, S.B.
Majchrowski, R.
Ostrowska, M.
Kozlowski, L.
Ficek, D.
Olszewski, J.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
light-photosynthesis model
algorithm
chlorophyll
mathematical apparatus
temperature
primary production
Baltic ecosystem
remote sensing
Opis:
This article is the first of two papers on the remote sensing methods of monitoring the Baltic ecosystem, developed by our team. Earlier, we had produced a series of detailed mathematical models and statistical regularities describing the transport of solar radiation in the atmosphere-sea system, the absorption of this radiation in the water and its utilisation in a variety of processes, most importantly in the photosynthesis occurring in phytoplankton cells, as a source of energy for the functioning of marine ecosystems. The comprehensive DESAMBEM algorithm, presented in this paper, is a synthesis of these models and regularities. This algorithm enables the abiotic properties of the environment as well as the state and the functioning of the Baltic ecosystem to be assessed on the basis of available satellite data. It can be used to determine a good number of these properties: the sea surface temperature, the natural irradiance of the sea surface, the spectral and spatial distributions of solar radiation energy in the water, the surface concentrations and vertical distributions of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in this sea, the radiation energy absorbed by phytoplankton, the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis and the primary production of organic matter. On the basis of these directly determined properties, other characteristics of processes taking place in the Baltic ecosystem can be estimated indirectly. Part 1 of this series of articles deals with the detailed mathematical apparatus of the DESAMBEM algorithm. Part 2 will discuss its practical applicability in the satellite monitoring of the sea and will provide an assessment of the accuracy of such remote sensing methods in the monitoring of the Baltic ecosystem (see Darecki et al. 2008 – this issue).
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 4; 451-508
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Algorithms for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 2: Empirical validation
Autorzy:
Darecki, M.
Ficek, D.
Krezel, A.
Ostrowska, M.
Majchrowski, R.
Wozniak, S.B.
Bradtke, K.
Dera, J.
Wozniak, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
light-photosynthesis model
algorithm
chlorophyll
ocean colour
temperature
marine ecosystem
monitoring
empirical validation
primary production
Baltic ecosystem
remote sensing
Opis:
This paper is the second of two articles on the methodology of the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem. In Part 1 the authors presented the set of DESAMBEM algorithms for determining the major parameters of this ecosystem on the basis of satellite data (see Woźniak et al. 2008 – this issue). That article discussed in detail the mathematical apparatus of the algorithms. Part 2 presents the effects of the practical application of the algorithms and their validation, the latter based on satellite maps of selected Baltic ecosystem parameters: the distributions of the sea surface temperature (SST), the Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) at the sea surface, the surface concentrations of chlorophyll a and the total primary production of organic matter. Particular emphasis was laid on analysing the precision of estimates of these and other parameters of the Baltic ecosystem, determined by remote sensing methods. The errors in these estimates turned out to be relatively small; hence, the set of DESAMBEM algorithms should in the future be utilised as the foundation for the effective satellite monitoring of the state and functioning of the Baltic ecosystem.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 4; 509-538
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Appointing of surface topography parameters to describe the diffuse reflective properties of selected dielectrics
Autorzy:
Majchrowski, R.
Rozanski, L.
Grochalski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
thermographic measurements
surface topography
emissivity
reflection
Opis:
The investigations have been performed in order to choose the specific roughness parameters, which would inform the customer about the diffuse emissive and reflective characteristics of the adhesive tapes used in the thermographic measurements. To achieve that, a series of the surface topography parameters of various adhesive tapes (i.e. objects with diffusive reflective characteristics) and various glass plates (i.e. objects with directional reflective characteristics) has been examined. For the analysis of surface topography the following parameters were selected: Sdr (the Developed Interfacial Area Ratio) and Sdq (the Root Mean Square Surface Slope). These selected parameters seem to be most suitable to describe the properties of the surface in the discussed aspect.
Źródło:
Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2017, 63, 3; 78-81
2450-2855
Pojawia się w:
Measurement Automation Monitoring
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chlorophyll fluorimetry as a method for studying light absorption by photosynthetic pigments in marine algae
Autorzy:
Matorin, D.N.
Antal, T.K.
Ostrowska, M.
Rubin, A.B.
Ficek, D.
Majchrowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48459.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
alga
chlorophyll a concentration
photosynthetic pigment
fluorescence
marine alga
phytoplankton
light absorption
chlorophyll fluorimenty
Opis:
Using laboratory cultures of algae and natural phytoplankton populations from Nhatrang Bay (South China Sea), the relationship between the chlorophyll fluorescence F0, the chlorophyll a concentration Ca and light absorption capacities of algae cells was studied. It is shown that the ratio F0/Ca depends mainly on the species composition of the algae population; hence, the concentration Ca can be measured with the fluorescence method with acceptable accuracy only when the species composition of algae populations varies over a rather narrow range. The fluorescence F0 can, however, be a good index of the total absorption capacities of different phytoplankton species, because the intensity of F0 depends on the sum total of light absorbed by all photosynthetic pigments in a plant cell. Thus, the fluorescence F0 measures not only the concentration of chlorophyll a, but that of all photosynthetic pigment concentrations.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2004, 46, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dependence of the photosynthesis quantum yield in oceans on environmental factors
Autorzy:
Wozniak, B.
Dera, J.
Ficek, D.
Ostrowska, M.
Majchrowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
primary production
water temperature
quantum yield
environmental factor
bio-optical modelling
nutrient content
phytoplankton
chlorophyll
irradiance
photosynthesis
Opis:
Statistical relationships between the quantum yield of photosynthesis and selected environmental factors in the ocean have been studied. The underwater irradiance, nutrient content, water temperature and water trophicity (i.e. the surface concentration of chlorophyll Ca(0)) have been considered, utilizing a large empirical data base. On the basis of these relationships, a mathematical model of the quantum yield was worked out in which the quantum yield Φ is expressed as a product of the theoretical maximum quantum yield ΦMAX = 0.125 atomC quanta−1 and six dimensionless factors. Each of these factors fi appears to be, to a sufficiently good approximation, dependent on one or two environmental factors and optical depth at most. The model makes it possible to determine the quantum yield from known values of these environmental factors. Empirical verification of the model yielded a positive result – the statistical error of the approximate values of the quantum yield Φ is 42%.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2002, 44, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distributions of photosynthetic and photoprotecting pigment concentrations in the water column in the Baltic Sea: an improved mathematical description
Autorzy:
Ston-Egiert, J.
Majchrowski, R.
Ostrowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48084.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
phytoplankton
primary production
chlorophyll b
chlorophyll c
carotenoid
pigment concentration
photoprotection
water column
Baltic Sea
mathematical description
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2019, 61, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of non-photosynthetic pigments on the measured quantum yield of photosynthesis
Autorzy:
Ficek, D.
Majchrowski, R.
Ostrowska, M.
Wozniak, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
marine phytoplankton
pigment
quantum yield
chlorophyll a
phytoplankton pigment
bio-optical modelling
concentration
sea
water column
photosynthesis
Opis:
The aim of this work was to assess the effect of non-photosynthetic (photoprotecting) pigments on the measured quantum yield of photosynthesis in the sea. The energy absorbed by these pigments is not utilised during photosynthesis. As a result, the measured yield of this process, i.e. the photosynthetic yield referred to the total energy absorbed by all phytoplankton pigments, is less than the actual quantum yield of photosynthesis, i.e. the yield referred to the energy absorbed by photosynthetic pigments only. The model of the absorption properties of marine phytoplankton derived by the authors (see Woźniak et al. 2000, this volume) was employed to determine the relevant contributions of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments to the total energy absorbed by phytoplankton in different trophic types of seas and at different depths in the water column. On this basis the non-photosynthetic pigment absorption factor fa, which describes the relation between the true and measured quantum yields of photosynthesis, could be characterised. The analysis shows that fa varies in value from 0.33 to 1, and that it depends on the trophic type of sea and the depth in the water column. The values of this factor are usually highest in eutrophic waters and decrease as waters become progressively more oligotrophic. It is also characteristic of fa that it increases with increasing depth in the sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of photo- and chromatic acclimation on pigment composition in the sea
Autorzy:
Majchrowski, R.
Ostrowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
marine phytoplankton
underwater irradiance
chlorophyll c
chlorophyll b
chlorophyll a
phytoplankton pigment
photosynthetic pigment
photoacclimation
natural population
sea
ocean
chromatic acclimation
Opis:
The aim of this work was to find statistical relationships between the concentrations of accessory pigments in natural populations of marine phytoplankton and the absolute levels and spectral distributions of underwater irradiance. To this end, empirical data sets from some 600 stations in different parts of the seas and oceans were analysed. These data were obtained from the authors’ own research and from the Internet’s bio-optical data base. They included the vertical distributions of the concentrations of various pigments (identified chromatographically) and the vertical and spectral distributions of the underwater irradiance measured in situ or determined indirectly from bio-optical models. The analysis covered a total of some 4000 points illustrating the dependence of pigment concentration on underwater irradiance characteristics, corresponding to different depths in the sea. The analysis showed that the factor governing the occurrence of photoprotecting carotenoids (PPC) is short-wave radiation λ < 480 nm. A mathematical relationship was established between the relative PPC concentration (relative with respect to the chlorophyll a concentration) and the magnitude of the absorbed radiative energy per unit mass of chlorophyll a from the spectral interval λ < 480 nm, averaged in the water layers Δz = 60 m (or less near the surface) to account for vertical mixing. This absorbed short-wave radiation (λ < 480 nm) was given the name of Potentially Destructive Radiation (PDR∗(z)). Analysis of the relationships between the concentrations of particular photosynthetic pigments (PSP), i.e. chlorophyll b, chlorophyll c, photosynthetic carotenoids (PSC), and the underwater irradiance characteristics indicated that these concentrations were only slightly dependent on the absolute level of irradiance E0(λ), but that they depended strongly on the relative spectral distribution of this irradiance f(λ) = E0(λ)/PAR0. The relevant approximate statistical relationships between the relative concentrations of particular PSP and the function of spectral fitting Fj , averaged in the layer Δz, were derived. Certain statistical relationships between the pigment composition of the phtyoplankton and the irradiance field characteristics are due to the photo- and chromatic acclimation of natural populations of marine phytoplankton. These relationships can be applied in models of the coefficients of light absorption by phytoplankton.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of underwater light fields on pigment characteristics in the Baltic Sea – results of statistical analysis
Autorzy:
Ston-Egiert, J.
Majchrowski, R.
Darecki, M.
Kosakowska, A.
Ostrowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
pigment
phytoplankton
underwater irradiance
statistical analysis
Baltic Sea
light intensity
spectral distribution
water
chlorophyll
carotenoid
high performance liquid chromatography
photosynthetic carotenoid
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of concrete surface roughness by means of 3D scanner
Badania chropowatości powierzchni betonowych z wykorzystaniem skanera trójwymiarowego
Autorzy:
Grzelka, M.
Majchrowski, R.
Sadowski, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/159305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
Tematy:
podłoga betonowa
metoda optyczna
chropowatość powierzchni
amplituda
pomiar topografii powierzchni
concrete floor
optical method
roughness
amplitude parameters
topography measurement
Opis:
This paper presents investigations of the base concrete surface in concrete floors by means of a 3D scanner. Two base concrete surfaces, differing in their preparation, were investigated.
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono badania topografii (chropowatości 3D) powierzchni warstwy konstrukcyjnej podłóg betonowych za pomocą metody powierzchniowej. W tym celu wykorzystano optyczny skaner współrzędnościowy oraz opracowane oprogramowanie do analizy wyników pomiarów. Badaniom poddano dwie warstwy konstrukcyjne ze zróżnicowanym sposobem przygotowania warstwy konstrukcyjnej. W algorytmach obliczeniowych wykorzystano obowiązujące zależności dla wyznaczania poszczególnych parametrów 3D opisujących charakter badanych powierzchni.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2011, 251; 97-108
0032-6216
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Large Area Concrete Surface Topography Measurements Using Optical 3D Scanner
Autorzy:
Majchrowski, R.
Grzelka, M.
Wieczorowski, M.
Sadowski, Ł.
Gapiński, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
3D surface metrology
concrete
optical method
roughness
topography measurement
Opis:
The paper presents examinations of the surface of base concrete with a 3D scanner. Two base concrete surfaces, differently prepared, were examined, together with two measurement strategies: simple and fast 3D scanning and partial scanning in selected areas corresponding to the device measurement space. In order to complete the analysis of a concrete surface topography an original Matlab-based program TAS (Topography Analysis and Simulation) was developed for both 2D and 3D surface analyses. It enables data processing, calculation of parameters, data visualization and digital filtration.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 4; 565-576
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mathematical description of vertical algal accessory pigment distributions in oceans – a brief presentation
Autorzy:
Majchrowski, R.
Ostrowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
accessory pigment
bio-optical modelling
chlorophyll a
concentration
investigation
marine alga
mathematical description
ocean
optical depth
photoprotecting pigment
photosynthetic apparatus
photosynthetic pigment
pigment
sea
trophic index
vertical distribution
water
Opis:
A straightforward mathematical expression for describing the vertical distributions of algal accessory pigments in oceans is presented. To this end ca 1500 empirical datasets of accessory pigment depth profiles gathered during some 200 research cruises in different oceanic regions were analysed. These data were retrieved from the bio-optical databases of SeaBASS and U.S. JGOFS published on the Internet. The statistical relationships were analysed between the concentrations of accessory pigments and the trophic indices of waters, as measured by the surface concentrations of chlorophyll a and the optical depths in different oceanic regions. A mathematical expression was established and formulas based on it were found, approximating the relations between the vertical distributions of accessory pigments and the chlorophyll a concentration. These formulas can be used to model the species composition of algae in different parts of the ocean and in remote sensing algorithms.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2009, 51, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metody symulacyjne wyznaczenia błędów systemu do pomiaru odchyłki okrągłości metodą odniesieniową
Simulation methods for determining the errors of a reference roundness measurement system
Autorzy:
Cellary, A.
Jermak, C. J.
Majchrowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/155377.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
metoda odniesieniowa pomiaru okrągłości
pomiary pneumatyczne
symulacje
out-of-roundness measurement
air gaging
simulations
Opis:
W artykule przestawiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych nowej koncepcji pomiaru odchyłki okrągłości wewnętrznych powierzchni cylindrycznych bazującą na metodzie odniesieniowej. Badania te miały na celu ustalenie wpływu cząstkowych błędów pomiaru, takich jak błąd pomiaru szczeliny pomiarowej oraz błąd związany ze zmianą położenia poprzecznego głowicy pomiarowej, na końcowy rezultat pomiaru odchyłki okrągłości. W trakcie badań testowano algorytm obliczeniowy pod kątem poprawności wykonywanych procedur obliczenia odchyłki okrągłości.
In the paper the results of simulation-based analysis of a new concept of the roundness measurement of inner cylindrical surfaces are presented. The method is based on the reference measurement. An innovative measuring device is equipped with 3 independent air gauges joined together into a special measuring head. The investigations were aimed at determining the influence of particular measurement errors such as the measuring slot error or the error caused by a non-orthodox position of the measuring head on the final result of the roundness measurement. The Gaussian distribution of the error values was assumed for those factors. In the investigations the calculation algorithm underwent the test to evaluate the calculation accuracy as well as the procedure for out-of-roundness measurements.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 1, 1; 8-9
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model of the in vivo spectral absorption of algal pigments. Part 1. Mathematical apparatus
Autorzy:
Wozniak, B.
Dera, J.
Ficek, D.
Majchrowski, R.
Kaczmarek, S.
Ostrowska, M.
Koblentz-Mishke, O.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
chlorophyll a
bio-optical modelling
photosynthetic pigment
photoacclimation
sea water
algal pigment
in vivo
phytoplankton
mathematical apparatus
chromatic acclimation
light absorption
Opis:
Existing statistical models of in vivo light absorption by phytoplankton (Woźniak & Ostrowska 1990, Bricaud et al. 1995, 1998) describe the dependence of the phytoplankton specific spectral absorption coefficient a∗ pl(λ) on the chlorophyll a concentration Ca in seawater. However, the models do not take into account the variability in this relationship due to phytoplankton acclimation. The observed variability in the light absorption coefficient and its components due to various pigments with depth and geographical position at sea, requires further accurate modelling in order to improve satellite remote sensing algorithms and interpretation of ocean colour maps. The aim of this paper is to formulate an improved model of the phytoplankton spectral absorption capacity which takes account of the pigment composition and absorption changes resulting from photo- and chromatic acclimation processes, and the pigment package effect. It is a synthesis of earlier models and the following statistical generalisations: (1) statistical relationships between various pigment group concentrations and light field properties in the sea (described by Majchrowski & Ostrowska 2000, this volume); (2) a model of light absorption by phytoplankton capable of determining the mathematical relationships between the spectral absorption coefficients of the various photosynthetic and photoprotecting pigment groups, and their concentrations in seawater (Woźniak et al. 1999); (3) bio-optical models of light propagation in oceanic Case 1 Waters and Baltic Case 2 Waters (Woźniak et al. 1992a, b, 1995a,b). The generalised model described in this paper permits the total phytoplankton light absorption coefficient in vivo as well as its components related to the various photosynthetic and photoprotecting pigments to be determined using only the surface irradiance PAR(0+) surface chlorophyll concentration Ca(0) and depth z in the sea as input data.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model of the in vivo spectral absorption of algal pigments. Part 2. Practical applications of the model
Autorzy:
Majchrowski, R.
Wozniak, B.
Dera, J.
Ficek, D.
Kaczmarek, S.
Ostrowska, M.
Koblentz-Mishke, O.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48872.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
practical application
bio-optical modelling
depth
algal pigment
in vivo
sea
statistical model
phytoplankton
light absorption
Opis:
The article describes applications and accuracy analyses of a statistical model of light absorption by phytoplankton that accounts for the influence of photo- and chromatic acclimation on its absorption properties. Part 1 of this work (seeWoźniak et al. 2000, this volume) describes the mathematical apparatus of the model. Earlier models by Woźniak & Ostrowska (1990) and by Bricaud et al. (1995, 1998) are analysed for comparison. Empirical verification of these three models shows that the new model provides a much better approximation of phytoplankton absorption properties than do the earlier models. The statistical errors in estimating the mean absorption coefficient apl, for example, are σ+ = 36% for the new model, whereas for the earlier models the figures are σ+ = 43% (Bricaud et al. 1995, 1998) and σ+ = 59% (Woźniak & Ostrowska 1990). Example applications are given of the new model illustrating the variability in phytoplankton absorption properties with depth and trophicity of the sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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