The aim of this work was to find statistical relationships between the concentrations
of accessory pigments in natural populations of marine phytoplankton and the
absolute levels and spectral distributions of underwater irradiance. To this end,
empirical data sets from some 600 stations in different parts of the seas and oceans
were analysed. These data were obtained from the authors’ own research and from
the Internet’s bio-optical data base. They included the vertical distributions of
the concentrations of various pigments (identified chromatographically) and the
vertical and spectral distributions of the underwater irradiance measured in situ or
determined indirectly from bio-optical models. The analysis covered a total of some
4000 points illustrating the dependence of pigment concentration on underwater
irradiance characteristics, corresponding to different depths in the sea. The analysis showed that the factor governing the occurrence of photoprotecting
carotenoids (PPC) is short-wave radiation λ < 480 nm. A mathematical
relationship was established between the relative PPC concentration (relative
with respect to the chlorophyll a concentration) and the magnitude of the
absorbed radiative energy per unit mass of chlorophyll a from the spectral
interval λ < 480 nm, averaged in the water layers Δz = 60 m (or less near
the surface) to account for vertical mixing. This absorbed short-wave radiation
(λ < 480 nm) was given the name of Potentially Destructive Radiation (PDR∗(z)).
Analysis of the relationships between the concentrations of particular photosynthetic
pigments (PSP), i.e. chlorophyll b, chlorophyll c, photosynthetic
carotenoids (PSC), and the underwater irradiance characteristics indicated that
these concentrations were only slightly dependent on the absolute level of irradiance
E0(λ), but that they depended strongly on the relative spectral distribution of this
irradiance f(λ) = E0(λ)/PAR0. The relevant approximate statistical relationships
between the relative concentrations of particular PSP and the function of spectral
fitting Fj , averaged in the layer Δz, were derived.
Certain statistical relationships between the pigment composition of the
phtyoplankton and the irradiance field characteristics are due to the photo- and
chromatic acclimation of natural populations of marine phytoplankton. These
relationships can be applied in models of the coefficients of light absorption by
phytoplankton.
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